Unit 6 Section 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(外研版)

[对应知能达标训练P52] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Working out regularly will help keep your muscles(肌肉) strong and avoid back problems. 2．He may lack self­discipline(自律) and have difficulty making decisions on his own. 3．The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward(简单的) to commercialize and is mostly composed of inexpensive，plastic­like parts. 4．It seems as if we were surrounded by an invisible(看不见的) wall when we communicate with each other on the Internet. 5．The moment the cook smells the pollen，he will begin sneezing(打喷嚏) over and over again. 6．Due to the light pollution，stars are too faint to be observed with the naked(赤裸的) eyes in the urban area. 7．My brother bought a telescope(望远镜)，through which he could study the stars in the night sky. 8．I am so thirsty.Would you mind fetching(拿来) a glass of pure water for me? Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．What you see in the virtual world is often different from what you experience in reality. 2．People who are interested in meaningful conversations with friends or family are reported to be(be)happier than those who aren't. 3．Tom kept sneezing(sneeze) and his nose was running because of a bad cold. 4．After the telescope was invented，the mankind's power to investigate stars invisible (visible) to the naked eyes changed dramatically. 5．Scientists announced another breakthrough in their quest for a cure for this disease. 6．The old man always sits by the window alone，looking(look) back to the happy old days. 7．If we invest little time in a person，our engagement(engage) with that person will decline. 8．The football team，composed(compose) of 22 players and three coaches，was faced with a big challenge. 9．There's no easy answer to the problem and we just have to work out the best way of dealing with it. 10．Some villages in that area don't have a well，so people have to walk a mile to fetch(fetch) water with containers. Ⅲ.完成句子/句式升级 1．你学习越刻苦，取得的进步就越大。(the＋比较级，the＋比较级) The harder you study，the more progress you will make. 2．京剧被认为是在1790年四个著名的安徽剧团来到北京之后逐渐形成的。(believe) Beijing Opera is believed to gradually come into being after 1790，when the four famous Anhui Opera troupes came to Beijing. 3．Jack found it so difficult to work out the problem that he decided to ask Tom for advice. → So difficult did Jack find it to work out the problem that he decided to ask Tom for advice.(倒装句) Ⅳ.课文语法填空 The night sky 1.has been(be) an endless source of fascination since the start of human history.However，humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye.And，for long，people were unable to understand 2.what they could see. Our power 3.to investigate(investigate) and understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was invented，increasing as 4.it did the power of the human eye.It also enabled us to understand that the universe is far 5.larger(large) than was previously imaginable. Almost 400 years after the first Earth­based telescope was invented，the Hubble Space Telescope 6.was launched(launch) into orbit，giving astronomers—indeed all of us—the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth.To see even further into the universe，many countries are now engaged 7.in building ever more advanced telescopes.8.Currently(current)，China operates the world's largest and most powerful radio telescope，the FAST telescope，9.completed(complete) in 2016. Using ever­larger radio telescopes as our eyes，we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe，before the 10.existence(exist) of light.But the human quest for knowledge reaches even beyond that.So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has taken its first image of a planet outside our solar system.The exoplanet(系外行星)in Webb's image，called HIP 65426b，is a large planet about 6 to 12 times the mass of the planet Jupiter. “This is a historic moment，not only for Webb but also for astronomy generally，” said Sasha Hinkley，associate professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom.Astronomers discovered HIP 65426b in 2017 using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in Chile.It is a young exoplanet around 15 to 20 million years old compared to our 4.5­billion­year­old Earth. According to NASA，taking direct images of exoplanets presents a challenge because stars are much brighter than their surrounding planets—HIP 65426b is more than 10，000 times fainter than its host star in the near­infrared，and a few thousand times fainter in the mid­infrared. Webb has a Near­Infrared Camera (NIRCam) and Mid­Infrared Instrument (MIRI)，which are both equipped with coronagraphs(日冕仪).“It was really impressive how well the Webb coronagraphs worked to suppress the light of the host star，” Hinkley said.Since HIP 65426b is around 100 times further away from its host star than Earth is from the Sun，it's sufficiently distant from the star that Webb can easily separate it from the star in the image. Although this is not the first direct image of an exoplanet taken from space，as the Hubble Space Telescope has taken direct exoplanet images previously，the image points the way to future observations that will disclose more information about exoplanets.“I think what's most exciting is that we've only just begun，” said Aarynn Carter，a postdoctoral researcher at the University of California.“There are many more images of exoplanets to come that will shape our overall understanding of their physics，chemistry，and formation.We may even discover previously unknown planets，too.” [语篇解读]　 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜首次拍摄到了一颗太阳系外行星的直接图像以及该图像对于研究未知系外行星的意义。 1．What can be inferred about HIP 65426b? A．It was first observed in Chile. B．It is about the size of Jupiter. C．It is a planet of the solar system. D．It has a longer history than Earth. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Astronomers discovered HIP 65426b in 2017 using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in Chile”可知，天文学家2017年在智利使用欧洲南方天文台的甚大望远镜发现了HIP 65426b，故选A。 答案　A 2．Why is it hard to take direct images of HIP 65426b? A．It's very close to its host star. B．Infrared cameras can't spot it. C．It's surrounded by other planets. D．The light of its host star is too strong. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，拍摄系外行星的直接图像是一项挑战，因为恒星比其周围的行星亮得多，在近红外波段，HIP 65426b比其宿主恒星暗一万多倍，在中红外波段则暗几千倍。故可推知，很难拍摄 HIP 65426b的直接图像的原因是它的宿主恒星的光线太强了，故选D。 答案　D 3．What does the underlined word “suppress” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Strengthen. B．Block. C．Identify. D．Adjust. 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“HIP 65426b is more than 10，000 times...in the mid­infrared”可知，HIP 65426b因其宿主恒星太亮导致无法对它直接拍摄；由第四段中的“Webb has a．..equipped with coronagraphs(日冕仪)”以及“Webb can easily separate it from the star in the image”可知，韦布空间望远镜的近红外相机和中红外仪器都配备了日冕仪，最终成功拍摄到了HIP 65426b的图像，由此可推知，应是日冕仪挡住了HIP 65426b的宿主恒星的光线，画线词的含义应为“挡住”，故选B。 答案　B 4．What does Aarynn Carter say about taking the image of HIP 65426b? A．It provides details of the exoplanet. B．It helps understand the solar system better. C．It is useful in exploring other exoplanets. D．It is the first time an image of exoplanets has been taken. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Aarynn Carter的话可知，未来还有更多的系外行星图像，这些图像将塑造我们对其物理学、化学和构成的整体理解，我们甚至可能发现未知的行星。由此可推知，Aarynn Carter认为拍摄HIP 65426b的图像有助于探索其他系外行星，故选C。 答案　C B (2025·盐城高二检测)With enough money，it's possible to do something unbelievable in Dubai and now you can add another to the list — walking on the moon.Recently，Canadian architectural company Moon World Resorts announced plans to construct a $5 billion resort (度假村) that looks like the moon in Dubai. The project，named Moon Dubai，is meant to help visitors experience space tourism，which allows guests to find out what it is like to walk on the moon.The resort will be very luxurious and contemporary，with a lot of components inside that one would already know—for example，a wellness area，residential properties，restaurants，a convention center，and a spa，each with a lunar twist.It will also include a training platform for space agencies and astronauts. Space tourism currently comes with a big price tag，and it's a barrier to entry for most travelers.However，the moon resort experience will be significantly cheaper.A walk on the lunar surface of the moon resort is much more affordable at $500. “Moon Dubai will significantly impact every aspect of the UAE's economy，including tourism，transportation，commercial and residential real estate，infrastructure，financial services，aviation and space，energy，agriculture，technology and of course education，” says Michael R．Henderson，co­founder of Moon World Resorts.“It will be the largest and most successful modern­day tourism project in the MENA region，doubling annual tourism visitations to Dubai based on its global appeal，brand awareness and unique multiple integrated offerings.” Whether the project will eventually take off is currently unknown.If the design can be successful，it will require a 12­month pre­development planning program and a 48­month building process.But the company's plan is viable (可行的).Moreover，Henderson estimated that the moon resort could open in 2027. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。最近，加拿大建筑公司月亮世界度假村宣布，计划投资50亿美元在迪拜建造一个看起来像月亮的度假村。文章介绍了这个度假村的一些设施以及特点。 5．What do we know about the moon resort? A．It is designed to send people to the moon. B．It is a cheaper option for space tourism. C．It serves as a platform for scientists to explore space. D．It provides visitors with space classes taught by astronauts. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“Space tourism currently comes with a big price tag，and it's a barrier to entry for most travelers.However，the moon resort experience will be significantly cheaper.(目前，太空旅游的价格很高，对大多数旅行者来说，这是一个进入的障碍。然而，月球度假村体验将会便宜得多)”可知，对于太空旅游来说，月球度假村是一个更便宜的选择。故选B。 答案　B 6．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The features of the moon resort. B．The key role of tourism in Dubai. C．The potential value of Moon Dubai. D．The purpose of carrying out Moon Dubai. 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知：月亮迪拜将对阿联酋经济的各个方面产生重大影响，包括旅游、交通、商业和住宅房地产、基础设施、金融服务、航空航天、能源、农业、技术，当然还有教育。所以，第四段主要讲了月亮迪拜的潜在价值。故选C。 答案　C 7．What stage is the moon resort at? A．Test. B．Design. C．Operation. D．Construction. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Whether the project will eventually take off is currently unknown.If the design can be successful，it will require a 12­month pre­development planning program and a 48­month building process.(目前还不知道该项目最终能否成功。如果设计能够成功，它将需要12个月的开发前规划程序和48个月的建设过程)”可知，月球度假村处于设计阶段。故选B。 答案　B 8．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To introduce a tourism project in Dubai. B．To encourage people to visit the moon resort. C．To show the development of Dubai's space industry. D．To present the commercial success of Moon World Resorts. 解析　目的意图题。根据第一段“Recently，Canadian architectural company Moon World Resorts announced plans to construct a $5 billion resort that looks like the moon in Dubai.(最近，加拿大建筑公司月亮世界度假村宣布，计划投资50亿美元在迪拜建造一个看起来像月亮的度假村)”结合文章介绍了这个度假村的一些设施以及特点。可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍迪拜的一个旅游项目。故选A。 答案　A Ⅱ.完形填空 Over the course of the pandemic the landscape of education greatly changed.But that couldn't 1 one brilliant girl's resolve to chase her dream. While most teens were tackling the challenges of middle school，Alena Analeigh，at the age of 12，had already 2 her high school diploma.After long­term learning，she was 3 to attend Arizona State University in May，2021.There，she planned to major in astronomical & planetary science and chemistry to 4 her dream of working at NASA where she hoped to 5 her extraordinary skills to build spacecraft after graduation. 6 she wanted to be an astronomer，but then she decided to switch over to engineering because of her love of building things. Alena's aspirations began with her early 7 for Lego，with which she built 8 of everything from the Taj Manhal to a NASA rocket.She was 9 at Lego，and if you 10 her Lego pieces，it would be easy for her to put them together. This genius also had remarkable 11 in other aspects of life.Seeing the 12 of opportunities in the STEM (science，technology，engineering，and mathematics) fields for women，Alena wanted to make a change.She 13 a website to encourage other girls with 14 interests to focus on the STEM fields.Alena hoped to set an example for other girls—never let the long­established concept keep them from 15 their own destinies.“It doesn't matter what you're planning to do，”she said，“Go for it，and then accomplish it.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了 Alena Analeigh 立志成为美国国家航空航天局的工程师，并创建网站鼓励其他女孩追逐梦想的故事。 1．A.identify B．convey C．oppose D．weaken 解析　根据下文中的“one brilliant girl's resolve to chase her dream”可知，疫情期间，教育的形势发生了极大的变化，但这并不会削弱一个聪明女孩追求梦想的决心。weaken“减弱，削弱”，故选D。 答案　D 2．A.lost B．obtained C．issued D．taken 解析　根据上文中的“While most teens were tackling the challenges of middle school”及下文中的“her high school diploma”可知，此处指Alena 12岁便已获得高中文凭。故选B。 答案　B 3．A.nervous B．willing C．ready D．hesitant 解析　根据上文中的“After long­term learning”和下文中的“to attend Arizona State University”可知，经过长期的学习，Alena准备好进入亚利桑那州立大学。故选C。 答案　C 4．A.end B．change C．realize D．abandon 解析　根据下文中的“her dream of working at NASA”可知，Alena将在大学修读双学位，以实现她去美国国家航空航天局工作的梦想，故选C项。realize one's dream“实现某人的梦想”。 答案　C 5．A.recover B．demonstrate C．employ D．acquire 解析　根据下文中的“her extraordinary skills to build spacecraft after graduation”可知，Alena希望在毕业后运用她卓越的技能建造宇宙飞船。故选C。 答案　C 6．A.Finally B．Originally C．Obviously D．Fortunately 解析　根据下文中的“she wanted to be an astronomer，but then she decided to switch over to engineering”可知，她起初想当天文学家，但后来决定转向工程设计。故选B。 答案　B 7．A.passion B．admiration C．request D．need 解析　联系语境可知，Alena想要在美国国家航空航天局工作的志向始于她早期对乐高的热爱。此处对应上文中的“love of building things”。a passion for...“对……的热爱”。故选A。 答案　A 8．A.patterns B．sites C．models D．theories 解析　结合上文中的Lego和下文中的“of everything from the Taj Mahal to a NASA rocket”可知，她搭建了很多模型。故选C。 答案　C 9．A.skilled B．impressed C．disappointed D．upset 解析　根据下文中的“it would be easy for her to put them together”可知，此处表示她很会拼乐高。skilled“有技能的，熟练的”，故选A。 答案　A 10．A.handed out B．put away C．showed off D．messed up 解析　根据下文中的“her Lego pieces，it would be easy for her to put them together”可知，如果你把她的乐高积木块弄乱了，她可以很容易就把它们拼合到一起。 mess up“弄乱”，故选D。 答案　D 11．A.achievements B．progress C．inventions D．technique 解析　结合语境可知，这位天才在生活的其他方面也有非凡的成就。故选A。 答案　A 12．A.possibility B．growth C．inequality D．advantage 解析　根据下文中的“of opportunities in the STEM(science，technology，engineering，and mathematics) fields for women”以及她创建的网站主要是针对女孩的可知，此处指她看到女性在 STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)领域的机会不平等。故选C项。inequality“不平等”。 答案　C 13．A.examined B．launched C．visited D．removed 解析　联系语境可知，为了鼓励其他有类似兴趣的女孩关注 STEM 领域，Alena 创建了一个网站。故选B。 答案　B 14．A.similar B．unusual C．various D．special 解析　根据下文中的“interests to focus on the STEM fields”可知，创建网站是为了鼓励其他有类似兴趣的女孩去关注 STEM 领域。故选A。 答案　A 15．A.escaping B．meeting C．avoiding D．defining 解析　结合语境可知，此处指不要让人们既定的观念阻碍她们定义自己的命运。故选D。 答案　D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $