Unit 4 Section 2 Using language-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(外研版)

[对应知能达标训练P31] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．If a person is heavily in debt，he is unable to earn his living，let alone gain independence. 2．It was your efforts and determination that put an end to the natural disaster. 3．I have never performed such a task as you've asked me to do. 4．The reason why he was happy was that he had been praised by the teacher. 5．Mr.Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s，when he gave it to his grandson. 6．Nowadays，it is common to see people staring at their mobile phones instead of reading a real book，about which many experts are worried. 7．She showed the visitors around the museum，whose construction had taken more than three years. 8．But what if we're actually getting closer to a world where AI is capable of thinking and feeling? 9．Kim Cobb，a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta，is one of a small but growing minority of academics who/that are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 10．Please tell me anything that you know about the author of the book. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．他在离家大约500英里远的一所学校学习。 He is studying at a school which/that is about 500 miles away from his home． 2．一些大学生发起了一项运动，在这期间一整天不用手机。 Some college students carried out a campaign where they spent their whole day without cell phones． 3．正如报告中显示的那样，城市的空气质量在过去的两个月里改善了。 The air quality in the city，as is shown in the report，has improved over the past two months. 4．我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。 I'll never forget the time during which/when I spent my childhood in the country． 5．你也可以和你信任的人分享你不开心的事情，听听他们的建议。 You can also share your unhappy things with somebody whom/who you trust and listen to their suggestions. Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 This weekend，I plan to show my penfriend around my town.At the beginning of the tour，we will start with the most important place in my town，1.which is the Plaza Leon.The Plaza Leon，2.which is more than 100 years old，is a gathering place for young people 3.who/that have a passion for outdoor activities，and for parents and children at the weekend 4.when they have more free time.Four streets lead to the Plaza Leon 5.which/that has white sidewalks and a tree line.Hernandes Street is named after a famous writer born in the city，and all of the food stores，fish markets and vegetable stands are there.Fernando Street，6.where all of the government offices are located，was named after an educator.Via del Mar Street 7.whose roads are made of stones is the only street 8.that still has its old surface (表面).Finally，we will come to Horatio Street，9.where there are two universities.One of them is the most famous university in my country.That's the reason 10.why it is my favorite street of all. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·厦门高二检测)When the people first came round，they were all sitting around drinking tea nervously and occasionally glancing at the cupboards.I didn't like the atmosphere.I was beginning to wonder why I had asked these people round to go through my stuff and take what they wanted.This is what happens when you open your home to your family and friends，telling them they can help themselves to everything within it. Last month，I moved abroad to study for two years，taking just a single suitcase with me.I couldn't afford to keep my flat，so when it came to my possessions，I decided to offer them up for a long­term loan.It's not recycling，or even freecycling.I'm calling it “share cycling”．It was my beloved tent that formed the premise (前提) of it.I made the decision as I thought about the pointlessness of putting stuff into storage for two years.Instead，I imagined someone I loved putting my tent onto their back and setting off into the countryside in the summer sunshine.I was moving to the other side of the world，but this made it feel as though I would still be with my friends.To get rid of it all，I had an open house，inviting everyone I knew to take my property. Now I am sitting in a flat on the other side of the world as rain is pouring down outside，forcing the street sellers to shelter under doorways and umbrellas.I feel very far from my home and my stuff.That list made of the things I want back? I'm not sure how much I'll need them.I don't miss any of my belongings.Instead，my mind now is filled with thoughts of my family and friends. My “sharecycling” plan ties me to them.A friend took my tent to a music festival.And my favourite picture ended up on the wall of my best friend's flat back home.It's like I've pressed “pause” on my city life rather than “stop”，making the move easier. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者的“共享循环”理念的产生以及作者从中获得的体验，让移居变得更容易。 1．What's the author's feeling in paragraph 1? A．Embarrassed. B．Uncomfortable. C．Passionate. D．Insecure. 解析　细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“I didn't like the atmosphere.(我不喜欢这里的气氛。)”可知，作者感到不舒服。故选B。 答案　B 2．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The idea of “sharecycling”． B．The experience of moving abroad. C．The idea of putting stuff into storage. D．The experience of living in the countryside. 解析　代词指代题。文章第二段讲到“It's not recycling，or even freecycling.I'm calling it ‘share cycling’．It was my beloved tent that formed the premise of it.(这不是回收，甚至不是自由循环。我称之为‘共享循环’。是我心爱的帐篷构成了它的前提。)”，以及“Instead，I imagined someone I loved putting my tent onto their back and setting off into the countryside in the summer sunshine.(相反，我想象着我爱的人背上我的帐篷，在夏日的阳光下出发去乡村。)”可知，作者的“共享循环”带来了积极的效果，即使身处异地，仍能感受到朋友和家人的陪伴。因此，第二段中带下划线的单词“this”指的是“共享循环”的理念。故选A。 答案　A 3．What is the author doing now? A．Seeking a more affordable flat. B．Protecting street sellers from the rain. C．Making a list of things she wants back. D．Missing her family and friends. 解析　细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“Instead，my mind now is filled with thoughts of my family and friends.(相反，我现在满脑子都是对家人和朋友的思念。)”可知，作者现在在想念家人和朋友。故选D。 答案　D 4．What's the main idea of this text? A．Moving on isn't always a good option. B．I got rid of nearly everything I owned. C．Don't stuff your house with useless things. D．Giving away my belongings made my move easier. 解析　主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了作者的“共享循环”理念的产生以及作者从中获得的体验，让搬家变得更容易。故选D。 答案　D B While the dream of most university graduates is to start a successful career in a big city，more and more young people are choosing to stay in their own hometowns so they can stay with their family and friends.For some young people，it is also a matter of making the quality of life for other people in their hometowns better.They also have a desire to improve and keep the natural and economic environments in these places for generations to come. Born in a small village in Southwest China，Li Dan decided not to follow many of her former classmates to the city after getting her degree at university.Instead，she returned to her village and started her own fruit­growing business.Working hard over the last several years，and taking advantage of new technology and the Internet，she has expanded her business to agritourism.Moreover，her company's annual income has reached six million yuan and more than 50 new jobs have been created.As a result，her decision has also helped to reduce poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village. With China's population expected to continue rising in the coming years，the government understands the importance of agriculture.It also understands that university graduates can develop new，creative ways of farming using modern technology.To help these young people with their bright and innovative ideas，the government is providing financial help.Government policies that aim to remove poverty are also having a beneficial effect. “Life in big cities is not all it's cracked up to be，” said Zhang Tao，from Binchuan county in Yunnan Province，adding that the air was bad，transport was terrible，and it was hard to make a decent living.What life in one's hometown offers is a strong support network，which is also a good one for getting new agribusinesses up and running quite quickly.Thus，it is no surprise that more new graduates are now attracted to life in the country，where they can fulfill personal goals and contribute to their local communities rather than just being white­collar professionals in big cities. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了越来越多的年轻人选择留在自己的家乡，为自己家乡的进步贡献出自己的一份力量。 5．What do some young people hope to achieve by returning to their hometowns? A．To have a good marriage. B．To improve the villagers' life. C．To greatly change the natural and economic environments. D．To escape the busy and hard city life. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For some young people...in their hometowns better.”可知，有些年轻人选择留在家乡是为了让家乡的人们的生活质量有所提高。 答案　B 6．What can we learn about Li Dan from the passage? A．Li Dan returned to her hometown after meeting many difficulties in big cities. B．Li Dan returned to her hometown with her classmates. C．Li Dan can be so successful because a lot of villagers have helped her. D．Li Dan has a meaningful life in her hometown. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As a result...many people in her village.”可知，李丹在家乡的事业帮助了许多家乡人，她的生活充满了意义。 答案　D 7．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean? A．Life in big cities is wonderful. B．It is hard to live a comfortable life in big cities. C．It is good to live in big cities as well as in hometowns. D．Life is challenging for white­collar professionals in big cities. 解析　句意猜测题。根据画线句下文“adding that the air was bad...hard to make a decent living”可知，大城市的生活并不像人们说的那么好。所以画线句意为“在大城市里很难过舒适的生活”。 答案　B 8．Which of the following might be the best title? A．Dreams of Most University Graduates B．Hometowns or Big Cities? C．Better，Greener Lives Away from the City D．Life Full of Choices 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段及全文内容可知，越来越多的大学生选择远离城市，回到自己的家乡过舒适的生活。C项最适合作为文章标题。 答案　C Ⅱ.七选五 Do you ever have months when you struggle to keep your money under control？ 1 One of these reasons could be that we aren't aware of our true spending habits.Here are some tips on how you can avoid overspending and keep your money in check. 2 When you head out to the mall，take only the amount of cash you anticipate you'll need and leave credit cards at home.By doing this，you avoid the temptation (诱惑) of using the card for a spur (冲动) of the moment purchase，which is often the fastest way to find yourself in debt. Start using a budget. 3 If you aren't sure about how much you take home each month and how much your expenses add up to，you'll continuously fall into the trap of buying all the things you think you can afford only to get a rude awakening at the end of the month when your bank account isn't looking too great. Track your spending. Those small things you buy on a regular basis can really add up by the end of the month.The best way to keep control of your money is to track everything you're spending it on. 4 5 Let's not allow ourselves to fall into the trap of overspending on unnecessary things in the new year. A．Make a list of what to buy. B．We're going through enough stress as it is. C．Switch to cash only. D．Here are some other reasons why you can't set aside savings. E．By following this simple step，you'll also learn to respect your money more. F．There are many reasons why we overspend. G．Not having a spending plan is one of the main reasons why people can't seem to stop spending money. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种控制消费的方法，从而避免超支。 1．解析　根据上下文语境可知，设空处为承上启下句，表明超支的原因有很多。F项符合语境。 答案　F 2．解析　设空处为本段小标题。根据下文“When you head out to the mall，take only the amount of cash”可知，作者建议我们只带现金购物。C项符合语境。 答案　C 3．解析　根据本段小标题和设空处后面一句可知，要做好预算，制订消费计划。G项符合语境。 答案　G 4．解析　根据本段小标题和设空处前一句可知，本段提倡记录所有开支。E项是这一做法的好处，符合语境。 答案　E 5．解析　根据下文“Let's not allow ourselves...in the new year.”可知，陷入过度消费的陷阱会给生活带来压力。B项符合语境。 答案　B Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·日照一中高二期末) As China's gig economy (零工经济) continues to grow，the central government is seeking better regulations 1. (serve) the rights of workers，develop new skills and startups and ensure healthy and balanced development in the job market.Gig workers，often referred to 2. independent contractors (承包者) or temporary workers，are those such as delivery drivers 3. often enter into contracts with on­demand companies to provide services for their clients. The guideline 4. (release) in 2022 by five central departments to solve practical problems that are being faced today and are on the horizon among employees and employers in the gig economy. In the past few years，with the rise of technology，the gig economy 5. (provide) opportunities for many people across a number of sectors according to Pang Shi，6. (direct) of one department.She said the gig economy provides 7. important way for people to improve their incomes，and that for seniors，the 8. (disable) or those with other difficulties，gig work provides less pressure than full­time employment. Gig workers often have higher work efficiency because of new technology，9. (break) the previous working limits of time and space.“The gig economy is showing growing importance to the stability of the job market，10. (particular) during current economic downturns，”Wei Xiang，a professor from the University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，said in an article. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。随着中国零工经济的持续增长，中国政府正在探索更好的管理条例，以保障工人的权利、发展新技能、发展新兴公司并确保就业市场健康、平衡的发展。 1．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。 答案　to serve 2．解析　考查介词。“be referred to as...”为固定用法，意为“被称为……、被称作……”。 答案　as 3．解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，且先行词是those，指人，应用关系代词 who 引导定语从句。 答案　who 4．解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in 2022可知，此处描述发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时；release和主语The guideline之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语The guideline为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 答案　was released 5．解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the past few years可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语the gig economy为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 答案　has provided 6．解析　考查名词。空处为Pang Shi 的同位语，应用名词，表示“负责人、主管”。 答案　director 7．解析　考查冠词。way为可数名词，此处表泛指，且 important 的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 答案　an 8．解析　考查形容词。此处为“the＋形容词”结构，表示一类人。 答案　disabled 9．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，应用动词­ing形式作状语，表示自然而然的结果。 答案　breaking 10．解析　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，应用副词。 答案　particularly 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $