Unit 4 Section 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(外研版)

[对应知能达标训练P28] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The weather was so hot that the farmer had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead(前额) while working in the field. 2．Sarah Lynn，an educational consultant(顾问) and teacher，thinks English learners can improve their ability to remember and use new words by testing themselves. 3．The company announced generous bonuses(奖金) for all employees as a reward for their hard work and outstanding performance this year. 4．It is necessary to improve our worldwide distribution(经销) systems to attract more consumers. 5．He told me he was feeling dizzy(头晕目眩的) and asked me to call an ambulance for him. 6．She was appointed to chairwoman(女主席) of the education committee，which was beyond expectation. 7．There was a blank(茫然的) look on his face because he did not know the answer. 8．I'm writing to make a complaint about a pair of sneakers I recently purchased(购买) from your website. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Efforts should be made to balance medical resources in different areas so that more people will have access to affordable health care. 2．Under the guidance (guide) of my teacher，I won the first prize in the English Speech Contest. 3．Wide and clean road，row upon row of high­rises and fresh air after rain，the spring in Jinan gives you the sign of modern new district. 4．He made up his mind to accumulate(accumulate) many happy experiences so that when he retired he could look back on his life with satisfaction. 5．Many college graduates started out in low­level jobs with low starting salaries，while some made great achievements several years later. 6．You can depend on the responsible consultant(consult) to help you out，because he is a reliable person. 7．People who are positive have the potential to live(live) a much happier life than those who are negative. 8．Mankind is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the universe and potentially discovering new habitable planets for future generations. 9．Some enterprising (enterprise)members in the company found ways of reducing their expenses or raising their incomes. 10．The simplicity of my childhood memories seems a world away from the complexities of adult life. Ⅲ.完成句子/句式升级 1．在我看来，如果条件允许，每个人都应该尝试去追求自己的梦想，无论他们可能会面临什么挑战。(独立主格结构) As far as I am concerned，circumstance permitting，everyone should have a try at pursuing their dreams，regardless of the challenges they may face. 2．我们建议立即采取措施解决这个环境问题。(advise) We advise that measures (should)be taken at once to solve the environmental problem. 3．只有通过相互倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能被解决。(强调句型) It is by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Zhang Yue once paid little attention 1.to roses even though she grew up with them.It was only after graduating from university overseas that Zhang decided to return to her home town and grow roses，2.which surprised many people.So far she 3.has overcome (overcome) a number of obstacles in nursing her business to the success it is today.After she went on TV，a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing 4.to purchase (purchase)her product and help with its distribution，which helped her earn the locals' trust.“Now my product is one of the best in Asia.This year，I can pay all my fellow workers 5.a decent bonus，” says Zhang. Zhang is not the only young person to have been bitten by the start­up bug.An increasing number of 6.enterprising (enterprise) young people are thinking of starting their own businesses.The majority meet with rejection while a few，like Zhang Yue，7.are (be) lucky enough to get investment and the all­important input and support.Though 8.welcoming (welcome) the new entrepreneurial spirit，she advises that people be realistic and seek professional 9.guidance (guide) before rushing into things.“What 10.really (real)matters is a sound business plan，access to capital，and good management and negotiating skills，” she says. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Ke'Nyzjah Ferebee was standing by the kitchen worktop，adding cupcake liners to a pan.She used an ice cream spoon to fill each with cake batter (面糊) to ensure they would look identical.A finished group sat on the counter with white buttercream turning on top.The cupcakes were for a 2­year­old's “Moana”­themed birthday party.The next day，she had orders for a two­tiered cake and two birthday cakes. While most teenagers are spending the summer hanging out with friends and working，Ke'Nyzjah is filling orders，updating her website and getting new branding photos.She owns and operates KayKe Bakery，a home­based business，specializing in custom cakes and cupcakes.She offers 14 flavors.She requires at least two to four weeks' notice on orders，and she gets six to seven a week. In 2020，she started baking out of boredom and a desire for cake.She asked her mom for a solution.Mom pointed her to a box of cake mix in the cupboard.Ke'Nyzjah's first attempt failed.But she tried making more cakes the next day.She got better. She watched hours of online videos to come up with a recipe and to teach herself baking techniques.“Once I surfed the Internet and started seeing other people's decorated cakes，I got inspired to be a cake artist instead of just a baker，” she said.She took business classes such as digital marketing at her school.She also registered for a course to become a certified customer service specialist.It taught her how to talk to customers and get through a sale.She's constantly trying to find more ways to promote her business and find new clients.“It's a little difficult to keep up with my website and manage school，personal life and a business.It can be a lot sometimes，but I manage.” Ke'Nyzjah gives her mother great credit.“She's like my biggest supporter.She's found my potential and made me who I am.I've come to realise that I am an incredibly enterprising person.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了青少年凯尼扎·费雷比在母亲的支持下，在家自学制作蛋糕，并且在网络平台售卖，受到了很大的欢迎，获得了自主创业的成功的故事。 1．What was Ke'Nyzjah doing according to the first paragraph? A．Designing a themed party. B．Making cakes for business. C．Preparing for her birthday party. D．Placing an order for cakes online. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“standing by the kitchen worktop，adding cupcake liners to a pan.She used an ice cream spoon to fill each with cake batter”可知，本段主要描述了凯尼扎·费雷比是如何一步步准备生日聚会的蛋糕的。 答案　B 2．What can be inferred about KayKe Bakery? A．It is well received. B．It hosts parties for customers. C．It is a joint business. D．It mainly provides service for kids. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The cupcakes were for...and two birthday cakes.”、第二段中的“She requires at least two...six to seven a week.”和倒数第二段中的“It's a little difficult...but I manage.”可知，凯科面包店收到的订单很多。由此可推知，她的店很受欢迎。 答案　A 3．What could be a challenge for Ke'Nyzjah? A．Attending business classes. B．Teaching herself baking techniques. C．Getting along with her clients. D．Balancing her business with schooling. 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It's a little difficult to...but I manage.”可知，凯尼扎面临的一个挑战是平衡她的事业和学业。 答案　D 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．A home­based teen baker. B．A boredom­killing bakery. C．How to become a cake artist. D．How to start a business. 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了青少年凯尼扎·费雷比在家自己制作蛋糕，并在网上售卖，生意火爆的故事。 答案　A B Digital economy and digital trade are breaking down physical barriers and becoming an important force driving global economic and trade recovery，said top officials from China and around the world on Sunday. “Empowered by digital technologies，the booming growth of digital trade is rapidly turning into a new engine for global trade，” said Ding Zhongli，vice­chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress，in a video speech at the opening ceremony of the first Global Digital Trade Expo in Hangzhou，ZhejiangProvince.“It is reshaping global economic and trade patterns，” Ding said. The development of digital trade and digital economy will be a key to China's modernization drive，said Yi Lianhong，Party secretary of Zhejiang Province. “In our rapidly changing world，online commercial transactions have become an absolutely necessary part of our lives and nowhere is this fact more apparent than in China，” said Leo Varadkar，the Irish minister for enterprise，trade and employment. “Preparing for tomorrow's economy and society means seizing the opportunities presented by digital technologies，” Varadkar said.“Digital technologies will be particularly important for our decarbonization transition and supporting the achievement of our climate targets，as well as for businesses，as they move to working remotely or trading online for the first time.” While the countless advances brought by digital technology to the world were applauded，challenges faced by the international community in the process，including the digital gap between rich and poor countries as well as a lack of international rules on digital trade，were highlighted. “Addressing these issues and bringing benefits require joint efforts of all members including national governments，the private sector，international organizations and development agencies”，said Zhang Xiangchen，deputy director­general of the WTO.“China can make significant contributions in this regard，” Zhang said. [语篇解读]　本文为一篇新闻报道。数字经济和数字贸易正在打破实体壁垒，成为推动全球经济和贸易复苏的重要力量，但数字技术层面还有诸多问题有待各国政府、私营部门、国际组织和发展机构在内的所有成员共同努力去解决。 5．What can we infer from the first paragraph? A．Global economy and trade are breaking down. B．The function of digital economy is widely accepted. C．Physical barriers have been completely torn down. D．Officials from China have become important driving force. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，数字经济成为推动全球经济和贸易复苏的重要力量，说明数字经济的作用已被广泛认可。故选B。 答案　B 6．What is a motive power of digital trade? A．New engines. B．Trade patterns. C．Digital Trade Expo. D．Digital technologies. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，数字贸易是在数字技术的推动下发展起来的，即数字贸易的动力是数字技术。故选D。 答案　D 7．What is Leo Varadkar's attitude towards digital economy? A．Curious. B．Cautious. C．Approving. D．Uncertain. 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段“Digital technologies will be particularly important for our decarbonization transition...for the first time.”可知，Leo Varadkar认为数字技术有助于脱碳转型、实现气候目标，也和企业发展有关，因此Leo Varadkar对数字经济持赞成态度。故选C。 答案　C 8．Which statement about digital trade is true according to the last two paragraphs? A．Issues can bring benefits. B．There are still problems that need solving. C．The advances far outweighed the challenges. D．A lack of international rules is the only trouble. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，要发展数字贸易，数字技术层面还有诸多问题，这些问题有待各国政府、私营部门、国际组织和发展机构在内的所有成员共同努力去解决，故选B。 答案　B Ⅱ.完形填空 Travel almost exhausted my savings this summer. When I 1 I had gone through all my credit card points，and my financial goal of saving 30% of my income wasn't 2 ，with so much of my money being spent on plane tickets，hotels，and food，I said no to a 3 who asked me to join him in going to Germany. But my friend 4 my tendency to say yes and asked me if I was sure I couldn't make it work. 5 ，I thought about my priorities (优先事项) and gave myself a daily allowance. 6 to live up to my self­made promise，I sat down to run the numbers.To make it through the rest of the month without breaking into my savings，I 7 the maximum amount I could spend.The 8 was $30 a day，for about three weeks. Competing with myself to 9 the number turned out to be a surprisingly satisfying 10 ．In the end，I stuck to my goal and finished the month with my 11 on track.And I realised that a 12 amount keeps me much closer to hitting my target budget.I used to imagine I had pots of money every month，and that made it too 13 to overspend.So I made up my mind to 14 less later in the month.By sticking to my plan one day at a time，I was free from the 15 that I would run out of money at the end of the month. And arriving in Berlin，free from a financial black cloud back home，made every apple pie even sweeter. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过制订每天的花钱总额来平衡自己的财务状况的故事。 1．A.predicted B．imagined C．realised D．expected 解析　根据下文中的“I had gone through all my credit card points”可知，作者意识到(realise)自己用完了信用卡积分。 答案　C 2．A.changing B．happening C．passing D．failing 解析　根据下文中的“with so much of my money being spent on plane tickets，hotels，and food”可知，作者存钱的目标没有实现(happen)。 答案　B 3．A.friend B．traveler C．stranger D．neighbor 解析　根据下文中的“But my friend”可知，是一位朋友(friend)邀请作者去德国。 答案　A 4．A.played jokes on B．took hold of C．looked forward to D．took advantage of 解析　根据下文中的“my tendency to say yes and asked me if I was sure I couldn't make it work”可知，朋友利用(take advantage of)了作者说“是”的习惯。 答案　D 5．A.Therefore B．However C．Besides D．Instead 解析　根据上下文语境可知，空处所在句与上文为因果关系，朋友知道作者习惯同意，问作者是否确信自己做不到，因此(therefore)作者考虑了优先事项。 答案　A 6．A.Glad B．Determined C．Afraid D．Unable 解析　根据下文中的“to live up to my self­made promise，I sat down to run the numbers”可知，作者决心(determine)实现自己的诺言。 答案　B 7．A.handed out B．picked out C．figured out D．kept out 解析　根据下文中的“the maximum amount I could spend”可知，作者计算出(figure out)能花的最大金额。 答案　C 8．A.total B．idea C．extra D．problem 解析　根据下文中的“$30 a day，for about three weeks”可知，总数(total)是每天30美元，持续三周。 答案　A 9．A.relate to B．give up C．stick to D．hold up 解析　根据下文中的the number可知，此处指作者坚持(stick to)控制花钱的额度。 答案　C 10．A.business B．moment C．project D．challenge 解析　根据上文内容可知，此处指作者挑战(challenge)自己能否坚持预算。 答案　D 11．A.finances B．plans C．incomes D．gains 解析　根据上文中的“I stuck to my goal”可知，作者坚持了自己的计划，所以财务(finance)状况步入正轨。 答案　A 12．A.weekly B．monthly C．yearly D．daily 解析　根据上文中的“was $30 a day”可知，作者制订的是每天的(daily)花钱数额。 答案　D 13．A.quick B．safe C．easy D．good 解析　根据上文中的“I used to imagine I had pots of money every month”和下文中的to overspend并结合常识可知，每个月都想象着自己有一大笔钱，这太容易(easy)让自己超支。 答案　C 14．A.waste B．spend C．save D．lose 解析　根据下文中的“less later in the month”以及上文提到作者过去想着自己有一大笔钱，而这太容易让作者超支，所以作者想通过月底少花钱(spend)来弥补。 答案　B 15．A.pain B．mistake C．need D．worry 解析　根据下文中的“I would run out of money at the end of the month”可知，此处指作者担心(worry)月底没钱。 答案　D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $