Unit 2 Section 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(外研版)

[对应知能达标训练P16] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．She stroked(抚摸) the baby's cheek softly，a tender smile spreading across her face. 2．He cried in despair(绝望)，feeling as if all hope had been lost and there was nothing left to hold onto. 3．Fresh fruits and vegetables are luxuries(奢侈品) for people living in a mountainous area. 4．It's sometimes considered bad manners to lean(倚，靠) on the table when you're eating. 5．Absurd(荒唐的) as it might sound，everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa. 6．The moment the child saw his mother，he ran towards her with outstretched(张开的) arms，eager for a hug. 7．What surprised the police was that he crammed(挤满) ten people into his car. 8．Quite different from the big city，air in the countryside is always pure(纯净的). Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．We often put off tasks until the last moment，only completing them in a rush at the last possible moment. 2．Ron bent down，with his hand outstretched (outstretch)，but Harry seized his arm and pulled him back. 3．The room crammed (cram)with priceless furniture and works of art surprises us greatly. 4．I was completely terrified when I suddenly saw a dark figure leaning(lean) against the door in front of me. 5．He suggested we set off for the station immediately.Otherwise，we would miss the train. 6．Hearing the news that she was admitted to the university，she burst out crying(cry) with excitement. 7．As far as I'm concerned，education shouldn't be measured purely(pure) by examination results. 8．It is reported that increasing incomes push consumers to buy luxurious (luxury)goods that they actually don't need. 9．All the villagers went out in search of the lost boy，but despite their tireless efforts，they were unable to find any trace of him until the next morning. 10．Children are born as natural scientists and they are instinctively(instinctive) eager to investigate the world around them. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．吉姆和你一样不仔细，这让老师很生气。(no＋比较级＋than) Jim is no more careful than you are，which makes the teacher very upset. 2．音乐声太大了，以至于即使我们坐得很近，也很难听到对方的谈话。(so...as to...) The music was so loud as to make it difficult to hear the conversation，even when we were sitting close to each other. 3．我们最值得自豪的不在于永不跌倒，而在于每次跌倒后都站了起来。(every time) Our greatest glory consists not in never falling but in rising every time we fall． Ⅳ.课文语法填空 The Blue Bird is a play written by Maeterlinck.This play was the 1.most popular(popular) one among all his plays and has been 2.widely(wide) translated and adapted all over the world.3.Performed(perform) in 1921 in Shanghai by Chinese students，it was the first foreign play staged in China.Maeterlinck 4.won(win) the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1911. The Blue Bird is a typical full­length play，5.which means it has several acts and each act is composed of several scenes.Various characters appear in different acts and scenes，and the settings and costumes change 6.accordingly(according).This play tells the tale of brother and sister，Tyltyl and Mytyl，as they are sent by a fairy 7.to search(search) for the Blue Bird of Happiness.The children's adventure takes them through many magical places 8.before they at last find the Blue Bird in a most unexpected place. The central idea of the play is that happiness is to be found not in 9.luxuries(luxury) such as wealth，10.but in simple things that are found in family life，and in acts of friendship and kindness. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·泰安高二检测) Some years ago I was offered a writing task that would require three months of travel through Europe.I had been abroad a couple of times，but I could hardly claim to know my way around the continent (大陆).Moreover，my knowledge of foreign languages was limited to a little college French. I hesitated.How would I，unable to speak the language，totally unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems，set up interviews and do research? It seemed impossible，and with much regret I sat down to write a letter begging off.Halfway through，a thought ran through my mind: You can't learn if you don't try.So I accepted it. There were some bad moments.But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler.And ever since，I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places，without guides or even advanced bookings，confident that somehow I will manage. The point is that the new，the different，is almost by definition scary.But each time you try something，you learn，and as the learning gathers，the world opens to you. I've learned to ski at 40，and flown up the Rhine River in a balloon.And I know I'll go on doing such things.It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others.I'm not.But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can achieve wonders. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者的一段难忘的经历，这段经历让作者比以往更加自信，并从中意识到每次尝试或挑战某件事时都是在学习，随着不断学习积累，世界的大门就会敞开。 1．Why did the author accept the writing task? A．He had never traveled abroad before. B．He hardly knew any foreign languages. C．He was familiar with any other country in Europe. D．He would learn something new and different by trying. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Halfway through，a thought ran through my mind: You can't learn if you don't try.So I accepted it.”可知，作者接受了这项任务，因为他想要通过尝试学到一些新的、不同的东西。 答案　D 2．What can we learn about the author from the passage? A．He used to be a wonder. B．He thought little of traveling. C．He's ready to face any challenge. D．He's easy to be defeated. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，作者准备好了面对任何挑战。 答案　C 3．Which of the following best describes the author's experience? A．Every garden has its weeds. B．Life is about learning to dance in the rain. C．Hope for the best and prepare for the worst. D．All that glitters is not gold. 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，作者的经历可以被描述成人生是要学会在雨中舞蹈。 答案　B 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Ready to Try and Challenge B．An Interesting Trip Abroad C．My First Writing Assignment D．How to Be Daring and Brave 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段内容可知，文章讲述了作者的一段难忘的经历，这段经历让作者比以往更加自信，也让作者意识到每次尝试或挑战某件事时都是在学习，随着不断学习积累，世界的大门就会敞开。因此，A项最适合作为文章标题。 答案　A B Why do people long for celebrity news? At least some of the hunger centers around schadenfreude(幸灾乐祸)—having joy from the suffering of others.People often act as if joy is dependent on achieving material gain.Seeing people that seem to “have it all” suffer (going through divorce，mental illness，etc.) momentarily destroys that thought.And then people can think，“Perhaps it's OK that I don't have my own television show，and own four large houses.” Let's chat a bit more about schadenfreude and related concepts.If you've been alive a couple of decades，you've certainly seen plenty of examples showing that money does not bring happiness.But what brings happiness? One of the keys involves learning to fully attend to and enjoy the present moment—not just learning this as information，but，through practice，developing the skill of living mindfully in this moment. Other keys to happiness involve developing the skill of compassion (同情) and loving kindness.This may seem strange to readers: developing a skill of compassion? Don't you just have or not have compassion? There are some types of meditation (冥想) that are designed to develop compassion and loving kindness. The four related qualities developed by these types of meditation practices are termed: loving kindness，calmness，compassion，and sympathetic joy.Sympathetic joy is the exact opposite of schadenfreude—with sympathetic joy，we get joy from the joy of others.Think of a close family member doing well and notice the joy you feel—that is sympathetic joy.To develop more sympathetic joy，when something good happens to another person，say to yourself (with as much meaning as possible)，“I'm happy for you.May your good fortune continue.May your good fortune grow.” When a person，celebrity or not，is suffering，you can practice a compassion meditation.Close your eyes and imagine a scene that naturally brings forth sympathy，such as hugging a loved one，or holding a baby.Then imagine saying to the person suffering，“May you be free from suffering，” or “May your suffering ease.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了同理心才能带来真正的快乐，纠正了某些人对别人幸灾乐祸的心态。 5．What can make us happy according to the author? A．Having a well­paid job. B．Owning great popularity. C．Focusing on celebrities' news. D．Learning to live in the moment. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But what brings happiness? One of the keys involves learning to fully attend to and enjoy the present moment”可知，学会关注和享受当下，我们才能真正快乐。 答案　D 6．What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 2? A．Compassion and loving kindness. B．The origin of love. C．Happiness and meditation. D．Meditation practices. 解析　段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Other keys to happiness involve developing the skill of compassion and loving kindness.”可知，作者在本段主要介绍了同情和仁爱。 答案　A 7．Which of the following is sympathetic joy? A．You cheer up when a celebrity gets divorced. B．You crow over it when your schoolmate gets injured. C．You're delighted when your classmate wins a competition. D．You're pleased when a celebrity practices attentively meditation. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Sympathetic joy is the exact opposite of schadenfreude...we get joy from the joy of others.”可知，同理心式的快乐是从别人的快乐中获得快乐，所以“当你的同学赢得比赛时，你也会感到高兴”符合同理心式的快乐。 答案　C 8．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage? A．To show celebrities' real life. B．To introduce the findings of a study. C．To stress the importance of happiness. D．To correct the negative attitudes to other people's sufferings. 解析　写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的探讨和最后一段的建议可知，文章主要介绍了同理心才能带来真正的快乐，纠正了某些人对别人幸灾乐祸的心态。所以作者写这篇文章是为了纠正对他人的痛苦的错误态度。 答案　D Ⅱ.完形填空 It was a dark night.Thick 1 had made me sure that there was no star light or moonlight to greet me as I walked out. 2 ，I kept the porch (门廊) light off because I didn't want to be 3 by small insects on this sticky summer evening.I stood there for a while，letting my eyes get used to the 4 of light.It was then，though，that I saw one flash of light at the far end of the grassland was 5 by another and then another.I smiled.I 6 them at once as my firefly(萤火虫) buddies who always appeared at this time of the year. I got so much 7 watching them first as a child and then as an adult.They never became 8 and they always filled me with delight.I never 9 them and put them in a jar as some kids did because I was afraid I might hurt these 10 of light if I did so.Their time on this earth was so 11 that I tried to enjoy them each night they were here.It always 12 me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart sing when they 13 again the next summer. I enjoy these little fireflies much because we are 14 to them.In lots of ways，our time here is brief too，but we still do our best to give out light.Knowing that others will be shining long after we are gone is a(n) 15 to us.Let's share our light and love while we are here then. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者在每年的夏夜和萤火虫相逢，并且认为人类和萤火虫一样，即使生命短暂，也要努力地用微光照亮世界。 1．A.smoke B．dust C．clouds D．leaves 解析　根据下文“no star light or moonlight”及常识可知，云层(cloud)太厚了，所以没有星光或月光。 答案　C 2．A.Thus B．Still C．Instead D．Indeed 解析　根据上文“there was no star light or moonlight”及下文“I kept the porch light off”可知，虽然没有月光或星光，但作者还是(still)关了门廊的灯。 答案　B 3．A.defeated B．abandoned C．beaten D．bitten 解析　根据下文by small insects及常识可知，关灯是为了避免吸引小虫子，作者不想被小虫子咬(bite)。 答案　D 4．A.shine B．lack C．speed D．level 解析　根据上文“I kept the porch light off”及常识可知，作者把灯关了，因此眼睛要适应缺乏(lack)光线的环境。 答案　B 5．A.followed B．covered C．controlled D．obtained 解析　根据下文my firefly buddies及常识可知，萤火虫的光是一闪一闪的，也就是一道闪光跟随(follow)另一道闪光。 答案　A 6．A.considered B．described C．recognized D．accepted 解析　根据下文“who always appeared at this time of the year”可知，萤火虫在每年的这个时候都会出现，因此作者认出(recognize)了它们。 答案　C 7．A.joy B．courage C．sorrow D．confidence 解析　根据下文“they always filled me with delight”可知，作者很高兴(joy)看见萤火虫。 答案　A 8．A.moving B．amazing C．boring D．puzzling 解析　根据下文“they always filled me with delight”可知，萤火虫总是让作者充满喜悦，从不令人厌倦(boring)。 答案　C 9．A.hid B．caught C．tricked D．frightened 解析　根据下文“put them in a jar as some kids did”可知，作者没有像有些孩子那样抓住(catch)它们。 答案　B 10．A.readers B．gatherers C．supporters D．messengers 解析　根据下文of light及常识可知，萤火虫是光的使者(messenger)。 答案　D 11．A.free B．easy C．long D．limited 解析　根据下文“they disappeared in the fall”可知，萤火虫在这个世界上的时间是有限的(limited)。 答案　D 12．A.annoyed B．surprised C．saddened D．scared 解析　根据上文“they always filled me with delight”及语境可知，萤火虫消失会使作者伤心(sadden)。 答案　C 13．A.came back B．set off C．dashed out D．took up 解析　根据下文“again the next summer”可知，第二年夏天它们再次回来(come back)。 答案　A 14．A.familiar B．similar C．cruel D．blind 解析　根据下文“our time here is brief too”可知，人们和萤火虫是相似的(similar)，在世上的时间也很短暂。 答案　B 15．A.comfort B．award C．manor D．success 解析　根据上文“others will be shining long after we are gone”可知，一些人离开后，他人还会发光，知道这一点对离开的人来说是一种安慰(comfort)。 答案　A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $