Unit 2 Section 2 Using language-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(外研版)

[对应知能达标训练P13] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The little home was painted(paint) white.It was sweet and fresh. 2．This course is designed(design) for beginners like you，focusing on listening and speaking practice. 3．Don't worry.The hard work that you do now will be repaid(repay) later in life. 4．The beauty of the views couldn't be imagined(imagine) and they left me with many great memories. 5．The snow lasted a week，resulting(result) in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 6．Amy，as well as her brothers，was given (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. 7．Experiments of this kind had been conducted(conduct) in both the U．S.and Europe well before the World War Ⅱ. 8．What impresses me most is that my parents will always motivate me to stick to/with my dream whenever I come across difficulties. 9．He said the work would be finished(finish) in half an hour with the help of classmates. 10．The palace caught fire three times in the last century，and little of the original building remains(remain) now. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．现在汉语变得越来越受欢迎了，全世界许多学校都在教它。 Today Chinese，which is taught in many schools around the world，is becoming more and more popular. 2．这位著名的音乐家被邀请在冬奥会的开幕式上表演。 The famous musician was invited to perform at the opening ceremony of the Winter Olympics. 3．必须采取措施阻止水被污染，因为如果这个问题继续被忽视，人类和环境的健康和福祉都将面临风险。 Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted because the health and well­being of both humans and the environment are at risk if this issue continues to be ignored. 4．由于严重的洪灾，这个地区三分之二的大楼需要修理。 As a result of the serious flood，two­thirds of the buildings in the area want/require/need repairing/to be repaired． 5．下星期日将在学校礼堂举行一次关于中国历史的讲座。 A talk on Chinese history will be given in the school hall next Sunday. Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 Have you ever heard of Jules Verne? Actually，he 1.is considered(consider) to be an important author in France and most of European countries.Jules Verne was interested in science and literature from an early age.In 1847，Jules Verne 2.was sent (send) by his family to study law at a university in Paris，but he preferred to write novels，poems and plays，especially adventure stories.His first adventure novel，Five Weeks In a Balloon，3.was published(publish) in 1863 and won popularity immediately.Actually，his writing career lasted for more than 40 years.Up to now，his books 4.have been translated(translate) into hundreds of languages，making him the second most translated author in the world.His creations 5.have been recognized(recognize) as an inspiration for many scientists and inventors for many years.Although Jules Verne passed away in 1905，he 6.will be remembered(remember) forever by the readers. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·广东名校高二质检) At noon，I raced breathlessly home，a ten­minute walk from my school.My mother was waiting for me with outstretched arms to have lunch，during which I shared what had happened at school. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play，and for weeks my mother had rehearsed (排练) my lines so hard with me.But no matter how easily I acted at home，hardly had I stepped on stage when every word escaped me，making me pessimistic.Finally，my teacher asked me to change to a narrator's part.Her words，kindly expressed，still hurt，especially when I saw my part go to another girl. I didn't tell my mother what had happened that day.But she sensed my pain.Instead of suggesting we practice my lines，she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard. Under the rose vine，we could see yellow dandelions (蒲公英)，as if a painter had crammed our landscape with shades of gold.I watched my mother casually bend down by one dandelion.“I'm going to dig up all these weeds，” she said，pulling it up by its roots.“From now on，we'll have only roses in this garden.” “But I like dandelions，” I argued.“All flowers are beautiful—even dandelions.” My mother asked thoughtfully，“Yes，every flower gives pleasure in its own way，doesn't it？” I nodded，pleased that I had won her over.“And that is true of people，too，” she added.I burst into tears，my heart swelling with a mixture of relief and regret as I told her what had happened. “But you will be a beautiful narrator，” she said，encouraging me as she did.“The narrator's part is important，too.” Composing myself gradually，I began to accept the narrator's part.Then came the performance day.I was still nervous，but it was at that very moment that I found a dandelion in my pocket.It was obvious that my mom secretly put the flower there，which magically gave me confidence. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的母亲通过要拔掉蒲公英，只留下玫瑰的做法来教育她：每个人、每个角色都可以是很精彩的。 1．Why did the author get changed to the narrator's part? A．She was shy. B．She lacked practice. C．She disliked the former role. D．She totally forgot the lines. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But no matter how...every word escaped me，making me pessimistic.”可知，作者被换成了解说员的角色是因为她完全忘了台词。 答案　D 2．What did her mother do when the author felt upset? A．Her mother asked her what had happened patiently. B．Her mother insisted on her practicing the lines. C．Her mother made her realize every role counted. D．Her mother immediately encouraged her to cheer up. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段至最后一段内容，尤其是第六段中的“every flower gives pleasure...true of people，too”及最后一段中的“But you will be a beautiful narrator...narrator's part is important，too.”可知，作者的母亲让作者意识到每一个角色都很重要。 答案　C 3．Which of the following can best describe the author's mother? A．Sympathetic but strict. B．Understanding and wise. C．Passionate but anxious. D．Curious and easy­going. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，母亲是善解人意的；通读全文可知，作者的母亲感受到作者的难过，并通过自己的做法让作者意识到每个角色都很重要，由此可推知，作者的母亲是善解人意且充满智慧的。 答案　B 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．All that glitters is not gold. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．Constant dripping wears away a stone. D．Every individual can make a difference. 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲的是在作者遇到不顺心的事情时，作者的母亲通过自己的做法让作者明白了“每个角色都很重要”这一道理。D项“每个人都能有所作为”是文章主题的升华。 答案　D B In today's motivational literature，failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated.Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett—“Try again.Fail again.Fail better.” It seems that disappointments are an essential stepping stone to success，a turning point in our life story that will ultimately end in victory. However，psychological research finds most of us struggle to handle failure constructively.In other words，we fail to “fail forward”．We find ways to devalue the task at which we failed，and become less motivated to persevere and reach our goals.This phenomenon is known as the “sour­grape effect”，which was discovered by Professor Hallgeir Sjastad. Sjastad explains that “sour­grape effect” is a self­protective mechanism.“Most of us picture ourselves as competent people，so when external feedback(反馈) suggests otherwise，it poses a serious threat to that self­image，” he says.“The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the external signal，so we can reduce the inconsistency and preserve a positive sense of self.We do this even without noticing.” If you have one bad interview for your dream job，you might convince yourself that you don't really want it at all，and stop applying for similar positions.The same goes if you fail to impress at a sports trial，or if a publisher rejects the first submission of your manuscript (手稿).“We tend to explain away our shortcomings and convince ourselves our ‘Plan C’ is actually our ‘Plan A’，” Sjastad says. It doesn't mean we should persevere in goals all the time.It can be healthy to change ambitions if the process is no longer making us happy.But the “sour­grape effect” may lead us to come to this decision prematurely，rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve. Failures are unavoidable.By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened，you may find it easier to achieve your goals. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了正确的失败观——相比于仅仅把失败当作一种幸运，更重要的是要有建设性地“失败”，勇敢面对失败，并从中学习经验。 5．Why does the author mention the speech of inspirational speakers in paragraph 1? A．To offer an example to handle failure. B．To describe a shallow understanding of failure. C．To introduce a common attitude towards failure. D．To emphasize the importance of experiencing failure. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容及第二段前两句可知，第一段描述了一个对失败的浅薄理解，以便作者在下文提出自己的见解：仅仅把失败当作成功的基石是肤浅的，要有建设性地“失败”，从中学习经验。 答案　B 6．What can we learn from paragraph 3 about the “sour­grape effect”？ A．It protects us from false feedback. B．It pictures us as competitive people. C．It poses a severe threat to self­image. D．It denies negative feedback to ourselves. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段内容，尤其是该段第三句可知，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制，会否认外界对我们的负面反馈。 答案　D 7．What does the underlined word “prematurely” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Unhappily. B．Mistakenly. C．Hurriedly. D．Carelessly. 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“rather than hanging on a little...might learn and improve”可知，“酸葡萄效应”可能会导致我们过早地做出决定，而不是坚持一下。由此可推知，prematurely与“hanging on a little”意义相反，画线词义为“提前地、过早地”。 答案　C 8．Which statement would the author most probably agree with? A．Don't escape when our self­image is broken. B．Don't quit when goals no longer make you happy. C．Never hesitate to replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”． D．Never forget to maintain a positive sense of self. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者呼吁大家树立正确的失败观，警惕“酸葡萄效应”，当自我形象因失败而被打破时，不要逃避，不要贬低失败的价值，而是要勇敢地面对，并从中学习和提升。 答案　A Ⅱ.七选五 Reactions to Disappointments No one gets through life without experiencing many disappointments. 1 They tend to react to it in negative ways.They feel depressed or try to escape their troubles instead of using disappointments as a chance to grow. One negative reaction to disappointments is depression.For example，Helen，a woman trying to win a promotion，works hard for over a year in her department，anticipating getting a good result. 2 Deeply depressed and in despair，Helen loses her love of her job. 3 Jamal fails to get into the college his brother is attending，the college that was the focus of all his dreams，and decides to escape his disappointment.He covers up his real feelings by giving up his schoolwork and getting completely busy with friends，parties，and “good times”． The positive way to react to disappointments is to use them as a chance of growth.This isn't easy，but it's the only useful way to deal with an unavoidable part of life. 4 If her boss doesn't recognize her talent and hard work，perhaps she could move to another department.Or she could ask the boss how to improve her performance so that she would be sure to get the next promotion. 5 Going to another college may encourage him to be his own person，out of his brother's shadow，and realize that being turned down by one college isn't a final judgment on his abilities or potential. Disappointments are unwelcome but a regular visitor to everyone's life.Step over the unwelcome visitor on the doorstep and get on with life. A．Jamal should check out other schools. B．Instead，Jamal doesn't worry about college instinctively at all. C．However，the boss names one of Helen's co­workers to the spot. D．Another negative reaction to disappointments is the desire to escape. E．Strangely，though，most people seem unprepared for disappointments. F．Helen could have handled her disappointment by looking at other choices. G．All the other employees tell Helen she is the one who deserves the promotion. [语篇解读]　这是一篇议论文。文章论述了在生活中，人们应该以积极的心态面对失望，把失望当作成长的机会，而不是选择沮丧和逃避。 1．解析　设空处与上下文构成的逻辑顺序为：没有人的一生不经历许多失望→ 1 → 他们倾向于以消极的方式回应。分析选项可知，E项“然而，奇怪的是，大多数人似乎都对失望毫无准备。”与上文形成转折，同时引出下文对“他们”的介绍，承上启下，符合语境。E项中的“though”表明上下文构成转折关系，E项中的“seem unprepared”与下文中的“in negative ways”照应。故选E。 答案　E 2．解析　设空处与上下文构成的逻辑顺序为：海伦想要获得晋升，她在她的部门努力工作了一年多，期望得到一个好结果→ 2 →海伦情绪低落，失去了对工作的热爱。分析选项可知，C项“然而，老板任命海伦的一个同事担任这一职位。”与上文形成转折，表明海伦并没有得到想要的结果，同时引出下文知道结果后海伦的表现，与下文构成因果关系，承上启下，符合语境。故选C。C项中的“However”表明上下文构成转折关系。 答案　C 3．解析　设空处位于段首，根据上一段主旨句“One negative reaction to disappointments is depression.”及设空处位置推测其是本段主旨句。本段讲述了贾马尔没有考上理想的大学就选择了逃避，放弃了学业，一天到晚吃喝玩乐的故事，分析选项可知D项“另一个对待失望的消极反应是想要逃避。”与本段主要内容一致，且与上一段主旨句句式统一，适合作为本段主旨句。D项中的“Another negative reaction to disappointments”与上一段主旨句中的“One negative reaction to disappointments”照应；D项中的关键词“escape”与下文中的“escape”属于原词复现。故选D。 答案　D 4．解析　根据下文中的“perhaps she could move to another department.Or she could ask the boss how to improve her performance”可知，F项“海伦本可以通过看看其他的选择来处理她的失望。”符合语境，下文是对F项提到的“其他选择”的具体介绍。“other choices”是关键词，与下文构成总分关系。故选F。 答案　F 5．解析　设空处后讲的是贾马尔的事，是给贾马尔提供的建议，分析选项可知A项“贾马尔应该看看其他学校。”是一个建议，与下文介绍的这条建议的好处一致，符合语境。A项中的关键词“other schools”与下文中的“another college”相呼应。故选A。 答案　A Ⅲ.语法填空 In a rapidly changing world it's significant to remain lifelong learners，which is a widespread recognition now.As you progress through life，you may study and work in new environments. Consequently，you 1. (expose) to new ideas，beliefs，practices and learning experiences.You may one day do jobs that do not yet exist，use technologies not yet 2. (develop) and resolve problems that are not yet problems! This doesn't mean that there's no need to study in school.Instead，you should acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is beneficial. So，how can you proceed? Firstly，lifelong learning is 3. attitude.Be objective and make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas.Also，develop critical thinking skills and don't 4. (blind) accept new ideas.Secondly，take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning.You could subscribe 5. e­learning courses，visit the local library or learn while 6. (cooperate) with others.Finally，understand that it's not sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know，because for knowledge 7. (have) concrete value，it must be applied.Importantly，after its application，you must conduct a review process of 8. (analyze)，evaluation and improvement，9. makes your comprehension of the world a continuous process. In conclusion，in a world of constant changes，to develop your skills，further a career，boost self­worth，renew 10. (belief) and keep your mind active，you should never cease to learn. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在一个快速变化的世界里保持终身学习的重要性以及如何保持终身学习。 1．解析　考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据上文“As you progress...work in new environments.”及语境可知，此处指在新的环境中会发生的事，空处应用一般将来时；主语you 与expose之间为被动关系，且be exposed to为固定搭配，意为“接触……”，应用被动语态。 答案　will be exposed 2．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，and连接三个并列谓语，空处作非谓语；结合句意可知，空处作后置定语，修饰technologies，且develop与逻辑主语technologies之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词。 答案　developed 3．解析　考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处指“一种态度”，表示泛指，且attitude的发音以元音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词an。 答案　an 4．解析　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词形式作状语，修饰动词accept，表示“盲目地”。 答案　blindly 5．解析　考查介词。subscribe to为固定搭配，意为“订阅”。 答案　to 6．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为while引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，省略了you are，空处应用动词­ing形式。 答案　cooperating 7．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作后置定语修饰名词knowledge，且have与逻辑主语knowledge之间是主谓关系，表将来，空处应用动词不定式形式作定语。 答案　to have 8．解析　考查名词。分析句意并根据空前的介词of和空后的“evaluation and improvement”可知，空处应用名词形式作并列的宾语，表示“分析”。 答案　analysis 9．解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。 答案　which 10．解析　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词形式作宾语；belief表示“信仰”时为可数名词，空前没有冠词等限定词修饰，应用名词复数形式表泛指。 答案　beliefs 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $