Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Using language-(配套教参)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(外研版)

本高中英语讲义聚焦名词性从句核心知识点，系统梳理that/whether/if、连接代词、连接副词引导的从句及it替代结构，通过规则解析、典型例句、即时演练构建递进式学习支架，逻辑脉络清晰。 该资料亮点在于语法规则与高考真题结合，即时演练强化应用，核心词汇句型融入写作任务。通过对比辨析提升语言能力，例句与练习结合培养思维品质，课后练习助力查漏补缺，适合课中教学与课后巩固。

Unit 5　Section Ⅱ　Using language [对应学生用书P115] 名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的从句，其功能相当于名词，在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中的不同语法功能，名词性从句又可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一、that与whether/if引导的名词性从句 1．that引导的名词性从句 that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，本身无意义，可引导所有的名词性从句。that 引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时通常不能省略，引导宾语从句时有时可以省略。 ◆Smith said that he was setting out for London next week. 史密斯说他下周动身去伦敦。 ◆The fact that he has fully recovered makes me happy. 他完全康复的事实让我很高兴。 ◆The advice that a meeting (should) be held was agreed by most of us. 应该开会的建议得到了我们大多数人的赞同。 ◆Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many diseases. 现代科学已经给出了明确的证据——吸烟会导致很多疾病。 动词后跟有多个 that 引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个 that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that 不可省略。 ◆The teacher told the students(that) they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed by their parents. 老师告诉学生们要在第二天上交作业，并且作业必须由家长签名。 2．whether/if引导的名词性从句 (1)whether和 if本身有意义，意为“是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分。 (2)whether可引导所有名词性从句，if主要引导宾语从句或不在句首的主语从句。 (3)whether与 if引导宾语从句时大多数情况下可以互换，但下列情况下宜用whether： ①后面直接跟or not 时； ②位于介词后引导宾语从句时。 ◆I'm not sure whether/if you remember who I am. 我不确定你是否记得我是谁。 ◆Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上是否有生命是个有趣的问题。 ◆I was not interested in whether they could cook or not. 我对他们是否会做饭不感兴趣。 动词 doubt意为“怀疑、不知道”时，在肯定句中后接 whether/if从句；在否定句或疑问句中后接that从句。 ◆I agree with it in principle but I doubt whether/if it will happen in practice. 我原则上是同意它的，但我怀疑在实践中它是否会发生。 ◆There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing. 毫无疑问我们做得对。 [即时演练1]——用适当的连接词填空 (1)Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. (2)Their responses to the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if you can see me，too.” (3)If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed，you may be onto something. (4)The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort. 二、连接代词引导的名词性从句 引导名词性从句的连接代词有what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whomever，whose，which，whichever等，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 连接代词 区别 what 意为“什么、……的事物”，在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 whatever 意为“任何(事物)”，相当于anything that，在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或定语 who 意为“谁”，在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语 whoever 意为“任何人”，相当于anyone who，在名词性从句中作主语或宾语 whom 意为“谁”，在名词性从句中作宾语 whomever 意为“无论谁”，在名词性从句中作宾语 whose 意为“谁的”，在名词性从句中主要作定语，表示所属关系 which 意为“哪一个”，在名词性从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语，表示有范围的选择 whichever 意为“无论哪个”，在名词性从句中可作主语、宾语或定语，表示有范围的选择 你知道他们在找谁吗？ ◆Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 我们的老师总是告诫我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情和我们自己。 ◆Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 任何触犯法律的人都应该受到惩罚。 [即时演练2]——用适当的连接词填空 (1) (2025·全国一卷) Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities? (2)(2024·全国甲卷)On a cool，starry night in mid­September 1870，four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in what is now northwestern Wyoming. (3)My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish whatever I put my mind to. (4)I'm not sure who is more frightened，me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. (5)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race. 三、连接副词引导的名词性从句 引导名词性从句的连接副词有when，whenever，where，wherever，why，how等，均在从句中作状语。 ◆When we shall meet again is unknown. 我们什么时候会再见面是未知的。 ◆A good friend of mine from where I was born visited me right before I left for Beijing. 就在我去北京之前，一个来自我出生地的好朋友来拜访我。 ◆I've been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. 我一直在思考我们如何能使报纸更有趣。 ◆They couldn't understand why I refused it. 他们不明白我为什么拒绝这件事。 引导表语从句的连词还有 as if/as though 和 because。 (1)as if/as though引导的表语从句常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be，become等后面； (2)because引导的表语从句常置于 be 动词之后。 ◆It looks/seems as if it is going to snow. 天看起来要下雪了。 ◆I am tired.That may be because I didn't have a good sleep yesterday evening. 我很累，也许是因为我昨天晚上没睡好。 [即时演练3]——用适当的连接词填空 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.This is why they need an English trainer. (2)Drawing helps widen your communicative range.This is because it allows you to express what you feel and what you want in a different way. (3)What students do at college seems to matter much more than where they go. (4)She has been working hard at her art since the age of two; that was when Wang Shi Chiang first became aware of his daughter's interest in painting. 四、it代替名词性从句的结构 1．it作形式主语，代替主语从句 (1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary，likely，important，certain，vital，essential，strange，obvious等)＋从句； (2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity，a shame，no wonder等)＋从句； (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said，told，reported，recognized，recommended，acknowledged等)＋从句； (4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，matter，occur to sb等)＋从句。 ◆It is still unknown which team will win the match. 还不知道哪支队伍将赢得这场比赛。 ◆It is no wonder that he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day. 难怪他不饿，他一整天都在吃糖果。 ◆It hasn't been decided when the meeting will be held. 会议什么时候举行还没有确定。 ◆It turned out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do. 事实证明，大脑和我们的肌肉一样需要锻炼。 在“It＋be＋suggested，advised，ordered，requested，insisted，required...＋that从句”结构中，从句谓语应用“(should＋)动词原形”。 ◆It is suggested that you (should) spend more time in studying English. 建议你花更多的时间学习英语。 2．it作形式宾语，代替宾语从句 (1)find/feel/think/consider/make/believe＋it＋宾语补足语(形容词或名词)＋从句； (2)like/dislike/hate/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句； (3)see to/depend on/rely on＋it＋从句； (4)take it for granted/owe it to sb＋从句。 ◆No matter where he is，he makes it a rule that he goes for a walk before breakfast. 无论他在哪里，他都养成了早餐前散步的习惯。 ◆I really appreciated it when she offered to help. 她主动提出帮忙，我非常感激。 ◆I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。 [即时演练4]——单句语法填空 (1)It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. (2)It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. (3)I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. (4)I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her. [对应学生用书P118] [核心词汇·练透] check out　调查，检查；查看；结账离开；(从图书馆)借出(书) check in　(在机场、旅馆等)登记，报到 check into　登记入住(旅馆/私立医院) check on　检查；核实 [经典例句] So while you may be tempted to check out a strange object or to test the waters of a new situation，it can be safer to steer clear of the unfamiliar. 因此，虽然你可能会忍不住去检查一个陌生的物体或是去试探一个新环境，但是避开不熟悉的东西会更安全。 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)The best way to ease pressure on over­touristed destinations is to go somewhere else.Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser­known sights？(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) (2) The old couple arrived in Beijing at midnight and checked into Beijing Hotel. (3)This reference may be wrong.Please go to the library and check on the date. (4)Passengers are requested to check in two hours before departure. set out　动身踏上(漫长的)旅途；开始工作 (1)set out for　动身去某处 set out to do sth＝set about doing sth　开始做某事 (2)set aside　存储；留出 set up　建立；创立 set down　放下；记下；登记 set off　动身，出发；启程；燃放(烟火等)；引发 [经典例句] ...when he set out into uncharted territory to reach the South Pole—a region of the planet ripe for exploration. ……当他踏上了未知的领域，前往南极——一个适合探索的地区。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)From there，Campbell says，will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence.This is why Campbell has set out to raise (raise) awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) (2) It is wise to set aside some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful every weekend. (3) He will set down all his important thoughts in his diary when they are fresh in his mind. (4)无论你打算做什么，无论有多么困难，都要尽力去做。 Always give your best in whatever you set out to do/set about doing，however difficult that might be.(读后续写之主旨升华) throw oneself into　积极投入到……中去 throw away　抛弃；扔掉；错过(机会等) throw off　脱去 throw up　举起；呕吐 throw oneself on　扑倒在……上；完全依赖 throw light on　使(某事)显得非常清楚；使人了解(某事) [经典例句] Of course，exploration doesn't have to mean blindly throwing ourselves into the unknown，and it's never wrong to think twice before taking action. 当然，探索并不意味着盲目地投入未知的世界中去，在采取行动之前三思是没有错的。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)On seeing the drowning girl，the soldier threw off his coat and dived into the water to save her. (2) People are recycling many things which they would have thrown away in the past. (3)我们必须全身心地投入这个项目中，倾注我们所有的精力和热情，确保每一个细节都得到完善。 We must throw ourselves into this project with all our energy and enthusiasm，ensuring that every detail is perfected.(应用文写作之倡议信) look into　调查(问题)；审查；研究 look on　旁观 look out　当心，注意 look through　快速查看；浏览 look up　往上看；查阅 look up to　尊敬，敬仰 look down upon/on　看不起，轻视 look forward to　盼望；期望 [经典例句] While there is no need for us to shrink from new situations，we should always look into things first and consider our options. 虽然我们没有必要回避新情况，但我们应该总是先把事情调查清楚，然后再考虑我们的选择。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)It is reported that the police are looking into the case of the missing child. (2) Would you please look through the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes? (3)她把它们紧紧地抱在胸前，最后终于含着泪眼，微笑着抬起头来。 She hugged them to her chest，and at last she was able to look up with tearful eyes and a smile．(读后续写之动作描写) [重点句型·通关] “there is no need for sb to do sth”意为“某人没必要做某事” “there is no/a(n)...need (for sb) to do sth”意为“(不)需要(某人)做某事”，其中need也可以被some，any，(not) much，little，great等修饰。 其他类似结构： there is (no) trouble/difficulty (in) doing/with sth做某事(没)有困难 there is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… there is no chance/possibility to do/of doing/that...没有做……的机会/可能性 there is/was no time to do sth 没有时间做某事 there is (no) point/sense (in) doing sth 做某事(没)有意义 [经典例句] While there is no need for us to shrink from new situations，we should always look into things first and consider our options. 虽然我们没有必要回避新情况，但我们应该总是先把事情调查清楚，然后再考虑我们的选择。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1) There is no doubt that the compass，paper，gunpowder，and the art of printing are called the four great inventions that China contributed to the world. (2)The weather forecast says there will be a heavy rain this afternoon.There is no possibility to get(get) there in time by 6 o'clock. (3)Now that we have finished our job，there is no point staying(stay) any longer; we may as well have dinner together. (4)我们没有必要再讨论这个问题了，它已经解决了。 There is no need for us to discuss the problem again. It has already been solved.(读后续写之细节描写) [对应学生用书P121] Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空 1．The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage. 2．Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. 3．What puzzles Lily's friends is why she always has so many crazy ideas. 4．It is not a problem whether/if we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time. 5．I am afraid he's more of a talker than a doer，which is why he never finishes anything. 6．As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose whichever suits you best. 7．The reason why Peter hasn't come is that he did not catch the train. 8．It is often the case that things may cause discomfort for people if they are not in their proper place. 9．I think what impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. 10．—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. —That's where I don't agree.You should have a more active life. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．他迟到是因为那时正在下大雨。 The reason why he was late was that at that time it was raining heavily． 2．我写信是通知你我们下个月有一场排球赛。 I'm writing to inform you that we will have a volleyball match next month. 3．重要的是你应该每天留出一些时间做运动，这样你就能保持精力充沛。 What is important is that you should set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic. 4．他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 5．我认为我们克服恐惧，追求梦想是重要的。 I think it important that we overcome our fear and pursue our dreams. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $