Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Using language-(配套教参)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(外研版)

本讲义聚焦高中英语状语从句这一核心语法点，系统梳理时间、地点、条件、原因、让步等九类状语从句的关键连词（如before、since、if、because等）、特殊句型（如It will be long before...、no sooner...than...）及用法区别，通过例句解析、高考真题（如2024新课标Ⅱ卷、2025全国一卷）和即学即练构建从理论认知到应用实践的学习支架。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过对比when/while/as的用法差异、分析“疑问词+ever”与“no matter+疑问词”的区别，引导学生逻辑辨析；核心词汇（如promote）和重点句型（如“the+序数词+to do”）结合写作任务，提升语言运用能力。课中助力教师系统授课，课后通过分层练习与语法写作题，帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Unit 3　Section Ⅱ　Using language [对应学生用书P64] 状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号与主句隔开；放在主句之后时，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用一般分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句和比较状语从句。 一、时间状语从句 before 常用于如下句型： It will be long before...(得过好久才……) It will not be long before...(过不了多久就会……) It was long before...(过了好久才……) It was not long before...(过了不久就……) since 意为“自……以来”，从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，主句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。此外，since常用于以下句型： It is/has been＋时间段＋since从句(常用一般过去时) as 意为“一边……一边……；随着”，常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生。 when 意为“当……时候”，可与延续性动词或非延续性动词连用，从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生。 while 意为“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”，只可与延续性动词连用，侧重于主句动作与从句动作相对比。 其他 连词 引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有： 1．till，not...until...，until 2．hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...表示“一……就……” 3．directly，immediately，instantly，the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，as soon as意为“一……就……” 4．each time，every time，the first time等 空气污染正变得越来越严重，因此我们必须趁早采取行动。 I have fallen in love with journalism since I was a child. 从孩提时代起我就爱上了新闻工作。 As he grew older，he became less active. 随着他慢慢长大，他变得不那么活跃了。 Shaking hands is the most popular way to greet each other when people meet. 人们见面时，握手是最普遍的打招呼的方式。 While watching TV，children do not merely absorb words and images. 看电视的时候，孩子们接收到的不仅仅是文字和图像。 Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief. 直到我们成功地让野生动物平静地生活，我们才能如释重负地微笑。 He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering. 他刚完成演讲，学生们就开始欢呼起来。 I was so tired that I fell asleep the moment/as soon as/the instant my head touched the pillow. 我太累了，头一碰到枕头我就睡着了。 [即学即练1]——单句语法填空 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago，I didn't think too long. (2)(2025·全国一卷)“What is your name? ” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. (3)As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for. (4)I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. (5)They decide to postpone the picnic till/until the rain stops and the sun comes out again. 二、地点状语从句和条件状语从句 地点状 语从句 where，wherever可引导地点状语从句。 条件状 语从句 引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词(短语)有if，unless，as/so long as，in case(以防)，on condition that，provided/providing (that)，supposing/suppose (that)，assuming that(假设)等。 在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 不管她去哪里，总是有成群的人等着要见她。 Some parents will buy any high­tech toy if they think it will help their children. 一些家长认为，如果高科技玩具对他们的孩子有帮助，他们都会购买。 He will never make progress in math unless he really wants to learn it. 除非他真的想学数学，否则他永远不会在数学上取得进步。 My parents don't mind what job I do as/so long as I am happy. 只要我高兴，我的父母并不介意我做什么工作。 They agree to lend us the car on condition that we return it before the weekend. 他们同意把车借给我们，条件是我们在周末前归还。 Supposing/Suppose that they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help? 如果他们拒绝了我们，我们还能向谁求助呢？ [即学即练2]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)If we don't stop climate change，many animals and plants in the world will be gone. (2)Located where the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. (3)So，don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. (4)He won't believe what you said unless you tell him the source of your information. 三、原因状语从句 because 用来回答why的提问，语气最强，一般放在主句之后。 since/ now that 表示已知的理由、稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放在句首。 as 引导的从句常放在句首，说明次要的原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。 其他 连词 引导原因状语从句的其他从属连词(短语)还有：seeing that(鉴于，由于)，in that(因为)，considering (that)(考虑到)，when(既然)，given that(鉴于，考虑到)等。(注意：for连接的是并列句) 既然你已经列出了你的优点，那再说说你的缺点吧。 As he is a tailor，he knows what to do with this material. 由于他是个裁缝，他知道怎样利用这块布料。 The engine stopped running in that the fuel was used up. 因为燃料用尽，发动机停止了运转。 Why do you take a taxi when you could go there on foot in five minutes? 既然步行五分钟就能到那里，你为什么要乘坐出租车？ Given that they're inexperienced，they've done a good job. 考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们的工作已经做得相当不错了。 [即学即练3]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Many students say they will talk to their friends or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other. (2)既然你已经着手这项工作了，那就应该尽力完成它。 Now that/Since you have set out to do the work，you should try your best to finish it. (3)考虑到你是一位有经验的运动员，我们决定给你这个机会。 Considering that you are an experienced player，we decide to give you this chance. 四、让步状语从句 though，although，as，even if/though，whether...or...，while等引导的让步状语从句 although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。 even if/though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使，纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调的内容。 as也可以引导让步状语从句，需将从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词提前至从句句首，引起倒装；作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需省去。though引导的让步状语从句也可以倒装，但although引导的不可以。 while也可以引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，比though/although语气弱。while引导的让步状语从句一般要位于句首。 “no matter＋疑问词”或“疑问词＋­ever”引导的让步状语从句 no matter后接who，what，where，how等疑问词引导让步状语从句，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上­ever构成whoever，whatever，wherever，however等。但在引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词＋­ever”。 虽然汤姆理科很好，但他的兄弟却极差。 I'll do it，even if/though it takes me all the afternoon. 即使这会花费我一下午的时间，我也要做。 He was unable to make much progress，hard as/though he tried. 尽管他努力了，但仍不能取得多大的进步。 We'll go on with the work whether we can find the necessary tools or not. 无论我们能否找到需要的工具，我们都要继续工作。 Don't trust him，no matter what he says. 无论他说什么，都不要相信他。 The athletes，especially the winners，should remain modest however much progress they have made. 运动员，尤其是得奖的运动员，不管进步多大，都应该保持谦虚。 [即学即练4]——完成句子 (1)不管任务多么艰巨，我们都会尽力按时完成的。 However difficult the task may be/ No matter how difficult the task may be，we will try our best to complete it on time. (2)尽管她尽力了，但她仍然无法避免作业中的错误。 Although/Though/While she tries hard/ Hard as/though she tries，she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework. 五、其他状语从句 目的状语从句 in order that与so that引导的目的状语从句： 两个连词都意为“以便……；为了……”，其引导的状语从句中谓语常用“can/could/may/might/will/would＋动词原形”。in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。 for fear that与in case引导的目的状语从句： for fear that表示“唯恐；生怕”；in case表示“以免，以防”。 结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that，so...that...，such...that... 除结果状语从句外，too...to...，...enough to...，so...as to...，such...as to...等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。 方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的从属连词有：as，as if/though。as if/though引导的从句与事实相反时，通常用虚拟语气：与现在事实相反，从句谓语用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句谓语用“had＋过去分词”；与将来事实相反，从句谓语用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。从句内容与事实相符或可能成为事实时，则用陈述语气。 比较状语从句 比较状语从句一般位于句尾，常用as...as，not as/so...as，比较级＋than引导。 最好提前寄这些沉重的箱子，这样我们到达时，它们就已经在那儿了。 He speaks so slowly and strangely that it takes patience to understand what he is saying. 他说得如此缓慢而又奇怪，以至于需要耐心才能理解他在说什么。 They treat her as though/if she were their daughter. 他们对待她就像对待自己的女儿一样。 It is wise to have as many good friends as we can. 有尽可能多的好朋友是明智的。 [即学即练5]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. (3)The Internet is such an important part of our life that it has even influenced our language. (4)我记得整件事情，就好像它是昨天发生的似的。 I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday． (5)我从未见过像今年二月一样下那么多雨。 I have never seen so much rain as it fell this February. 六、状语从句的省略 在表示时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等的状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，或从句的主语是it，且从句中谓语含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，构成“连词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语/名词/形容词/副词”结构。 While(I was) walking on the street，I saw a double­decker. 在街上走的时候，我看到了一辆双层公共汽车。 John won't come to your party unless (he is) invited. 约翰是不会参加你的聚会的，除非他受到了邀请。 He glanced about as if (he was) in search of something. 他环顾四周，仿佛在寻找什么。 There are few tricycles in this city，if (there are) any. 这个城市里就算有三轮脚踏车，也很少。 You can communicate with your teacher when (it is) necessary. 必要时你可以与你的老师交流一下。 [即学即练6]——单句语法填空 (1)When completed(complete)，the museum will be open to the public next year. (2)Although doing(do) his best in maths these days，he has still got no good marks. [对应学生用书P69] [核心词汇·练透] promote　v.增进，促进；提升，晋升；宣传，推广，推销(商品等)(→promotion n.提升，晋升；晋级；促进) promote sb(from sth) to sth 把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 [经典例句] After six attempts，over a period of twelve years，Chinese monk Jianzhen arrived in Japan，where he promoted exchange and understanding between China and Japan. 经过十二年的努力，六次尝试后，中国鉴真和尚来到日本，促进了中日之间的交流和了解。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Six months later，Mr.Rochester paid another visit.Susan had been promoted to receptionist.But he recognized her immediately and addressed her by name.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，听力) (2) While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted(promote)，Jim did his best to perform his duty every day. (3)If Tom is hoping to gain promotion (promote)he will have to pull his socks up. (4)在这两周里，我们一起学习、生活，这给了我们增进友谊的机会。 During these two weeks，we have studied and lived together，which gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship．(应用文写作之活动介绍) [重点句型·通关] “the＋序数词＋(n.＋)to do sth”意为“第几个做某事的人/物” 句中“the first...to do...”意为“第一个做……的”，此处动词不定式作定语。 (1)序数词、形容词最高级以及the only，the last，the right等或由这类词修饰的名词后常用不定式作后置定语。 (2)抽象名词ability，chance，opportunity，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief等后常用不定式作定语。 [经典例句] Gan Ying，a military envoy，explored the Persian Gulf and became the first Chinese to get information on Europe. 军事特使甘英考察了波斯湾，成为第一个获得欧洲信息的中国人。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)John was the first person to think(think) of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money.He was convinced that he had the ability to help(help) Bernard out of the difficulty. (2)That is the only way we can imagine to reduce(reduce) the overuse of water in students' bathrooms. (3) 你总是第一个主动提出帮忙，对此我非常感激。 You'd always be the first to offer to help，for which I was quite grateful.(应用文写作之人物介绍) [对应学生用书P70] Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空 1．Feeling fearful is healthy because it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly. 2．I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whenever necessary. 4．Although/Though/While he could give her sympathy，any practical help was almost beyond him. 5．Don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. 6．If a customer is rude or difficult，just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband”． 7．After the war，a new building was put up where there had once been a playground. 8．We had such terrible weather that we couldn't finish the work on time. 9．Today I saw the ancient Roman City of Pompeii as it was 2，000 years ago. 10．Child as/though he was，he knew what was the right thing to do. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．去旅行时，我带了四本书，以防自己感到无聊，但是我一页也没有读！ I took four books with me when I went travelling in case I got bored，but I never read a page! 2．人们普遍认为，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。 It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants． 3．因特网是我们生活中如此重要的一部分，以至于它甚至已经影响了我们的语言。 The Internet is such an important part of our life that it has even influenced our language. 4．现在处理这个问题还不算太晚，尽管时间明显地变紧了。 It's not too late to fix the problem，although time is clearly getting short． 5．他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们从未存在过似的。 They completely ignore these facts as if/as though they never existed． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $