专题08 动词时态语态及主谓一致（技能+真题+模拟）-高三英语二轮复习提分培优赋能（天津专用）

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦动词时态、语态及主谓一致核心考点，依据高考命题规律构建“技能+真题+模拟”三维复习体系。通过单项填空满分技能梳理六种解题方法，结合真题再练与名校模拟分层训练，帮助学生系统突破时态判断、语态辨析及主谓一致难点，体现复习的针对性和系统性。 资料创新采用“技巧-真题-模拟”递进式教学策略，如通过找标法引导学生识别时间标志词，语境法培养隐含信息推断能力，落实思维品质与学习能力培养。设置真题再练20题与模拟30题分层练习，配合技能方法即时应用，确保学生在有限时间内提升时态语态运用准确性，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰教学路径。

高三英语二轮复习提分培优赋能（天津专用） 专题08 动词时态语态及主谓一致（技能+真题+模拟）原卷版 一、单项填空满分技能6项（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 1 二、单项填空真题再练20题（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 2 三、单项填空名校模拟30题（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 3 一、单项填空满分技能（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 动词的时态、语态在语境中的正确使用是历年英语高考的考查热点。下面，笔者以部分题目为例，介绍几种时态的单选题的解题技巧。 技巧一：找标法 寻找时间标志词，然后根据标志词，结合语境，确定时态。如： 例1._____ my sister three times today but her line was always busy. A. I'd phoned B. I've been phoning 　　C. I've phoned D. I was phoning 技巧二：呼应法 根据主从句或并列句时态的呼应来判断时态语态。如： 例2.—What would you do if it ______ tomorrow? —We have to carry it on, since we've got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 技巧三：搭配法 有些固定句型中动词的时态也有固定的搭配。如： 例3.They asked me to have a drink with them. I said it was at least ten years since I ______ a good drink. A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying　　C. enjoyed D. had been enjoying 技巧四：语境法 题干中没明确给出时间，而是隐含在上下文中，考生只有通过对题干所给信息的推断，才能选定正确的时态。例如： 例4.The manager had fallen asleep where he ______, without undressing. A. was laying B. was lying　　C. had laid D. had lied 技巧五：分析法 题干中所给的时间状语有一定的干扰性，句子结构比较复杂，我们必须认真分析句子结构，再根据上下文语境做出正确解答。 例5.The coffee is wonderful! It doesn't taste like anything I ______ before. A. was having B. have 　　C. have ever had D. had ever had 技巧六：排除法 根据题干提供的信息，我们可以先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验，辨别真伪。 例6.The hero's story ______ differently in the newspapers. A. was reported 　　B. was reporting　　C. reports D. reported 【分析】story是report的动作承受者，所以本题要用被动语态，可排除B、C、D三个选项，答案为A。 二、单项填空真题再练（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 真题专区：练真题,明方向;练技巧,提能力;练速度,提分数! 1.（2025天津卷）Deng Jiaxian was one of the 23 scientists who awarded for their extraordinary contributions to China’s “two bombs, one satellite” project. A. was B. were C. has D. have 2.（2025天津卷）The Song Dynasty the introduction of jiaozi, which is supposedly the world’s first paper money. A. has seen B. had seen C. sees D. saw 3.（2024天津卷）The Smiths _________ the online shopping experience in China since they moved back to New Zealand two years ago. A. had been missing B. were missing C. have been missing D. will be missing 4.（2023天津卷）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A. has caused B. have caused C. was causing D. were causing 5.（2023天津卷）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party. A. will be bringing B. have brought C. have been bringing D. were bringing 6.（2022天津卷）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party. A. cancels B. will cancel C. has cancelled D. had cancelled 7. （2022天津卷）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A. prepare B. prepares C. is preparing D. are preparing 8. （2021天津卷）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first. A. delivered B. will be delivering C. was delivering D. has been delivering 9.（2017天津卷）The number of firms selling computers in this region ________ since January 2012. A. are dropping B. is dropping C. have dropped D. has dropped 10.（2021天津卷）We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break. A. have done B. will do C. had done D. were doing 11.（2017天津卷）One night, at about midnight, I ______ the sky for about an hour. The stars were shining like diamonds. A. have watched B. had watched C. watch D. watched 12.（2020天津卷）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since. A. are remaining B. have remained C. is remaining D. has remained 13.（2020天津卷）—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days. A. have been practising B. was practising C. would practise D. had practised 14.（2020天津卷）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A. is B. are C. was D. were 15.（2020天津卷）—The machine is working again！ —Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it___________. A. has been fixed B. is being fixed C. had been fixed D. would be fixed 16.（2019天津卷）Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given 17.（2019天津卷）I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. A. had hoped B. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope 18.（2019天津卷）I took notes during the meeting, but I a chance to write them into a report so far. A. didn’t have B. haven’t had C. hadn’t had D. won’t have 19.（2018天津卷）My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 20.（2016天津卷）When walking down the street, I came across David, who I _____ for years. A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see 三、单项填空名校模（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩!练技能,补漏洞,提分数,强信心! 1．（25-26高三上·天津西青·月考）Be silent, please. I can’t hear anything. I________ a holiday in Virginia with the travel agency. A．booked B．am booking C．have booked D．will be booking 2．（25-26高三上·天津西青·月考）By the time the police arrived, the suspect________ from the scene for almost half an hour, making it hard to track him down. A．has disappeared B．had disappeared C．disappeared D．disappears 3．（25-26高三上·天津·月考）—You look tired. You need a rest. — Yes, I _________ until seven o’clock this morning. I’m going home now. A．have worked B．was working C．am working D．will work 4．（25-26高三上·天津南开·月考）By the time we arrived at the station, the train ______ already and we had to wait for another one. A．has left B．had left C．left D．was leaving 5．（25-26高二上·天津滨海新·月考）Many a young scientist ________ himself to the AI development, making China take the lead in the field. A．devoted B．have devoted C．was devoting D．has devoted 6．（25-26高三上·天津和平·月考）During the field trip, the students realized that the wetland ecosystem was far more fragile than they ________. A．have imagined B．were imagining C．had imagined D．imagine 7．（25-26高三上·天津和平·开学考试）Up to now, more than one generation of children ________ amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. A．have been B．had been C．will have been D．has been 8．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）The research team ________ tirelessly on this project for the past three months, and they believe they ________ a major breakthrough very soon. A．has worked; are making B．has been working; are about to make C．is working; are making D．had been working; are about to make 9．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）He ________ in Beijing for five years and now he works in Shanghai. A．has lived B．lived C．had lived D．has been living 10．（25-26高三上·天津武清·月考）This amusement park along with all the exciting rides and other fun activities ________ also home to outdoor concerts every summer. A．is B．have been C．are D．has been 11．（25-26高三上·天津河北·月考）I had wanted to help you with your homework but I couldn’t spare any time. I ______ a composition last night and I’ll finish it today. A．is writing B．wrote C．have written D．was writing 12．（25-26高三上·天津宝坻·月考）I’m afraid I can’t come at 3:00 pm next Friday, because I ________ an interview then. A．have B．would have C．will be having D．will have had 13．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）By the time you graduate from university, artificial intelligence ________a profound impact on many traditional industries. A．will have B．has had C．has D．will have had 14．（25-26高三上·天津滨海新·月考）Peter loves outdoor activities — he skis in winter and _________ and hunting since he was a child. A．is fishing B．was fishing C．has been fishing D．had been fishing 15．（25-26高三上·天津·月考）In order to get good marks in the graduate examination, he ________ graduation thesis in the past two weeks. A．writes B．has been writing C．had written D．wrote 16．（25-26高三上·天津静海·期中）—What’s the secret of her performing such an eye-catching performance on the stage? —She _________ dancing for eight hours every day. A．had practised B．have practised C．practises D．is practising 17．（25-26高三上·天津河北·月考）During the English class, the teacher asked everyone to introduce themselves. The boy his words in his head when the girl next to him gave him a nudge. A．organized B．was organizing C．organizes D．has organized 18．（25-26高三上·天津南开·月考）The ancient tree _________ in the center of the village, having witnessed countless generations come and go, _________ as a silent guardian of local history. A．standing; serves B．standing; serving C．stood; serving D．stood; serves 19．（25-26高三上·天津南开·月考）The popular food blogger, together with her team, ___________ to our restaurant for a tasting last week, and many a positive review she posted online _________ our customer flow ever since. A．had come; boosted B．had come; have boosted C．came; have boosted D．came; has boosted 20．（25-26高三上·天津河北·期中）Recognising how each finch species was perfectly adapted to its specific food source, Darwin suspected that they _________ from a common ancestor. A．evolved B．had evolved C．were evolving D．have evolved 21．（25-26高三上·天津和平·期中）Hey, Janet! I ________ for you. Have you finished the report yet? Sarah ________ about it just now. A．have been looking; asked B．looked; had asked C．was looking; had been asking D．have looked; was asking 22．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）A large percentage of the company’s profits ______ through e-commerce platforms, which ______ the importance of digital transformation. A．are generated; reflects B．is generated; reflect C．is generated; reflects D．are generated; reflect 23．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）—  ______ the new AI software developed by the tech giant? — Yes. I ______ it with my team the other day, and the results were impressive. A．Have you tried; have tested B．Did you try; tested C．Have you tried; tested D．Did you try; have tested 24．（25-26高三上·天津南开·期中）The teacher, together with his students, ________ hard on the project since the beginning of this semester. A．was working B．have been working C．were working D．has been working 25．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）— Have you ever been to Xizang? — Actually, I ________ there for two years and then left for home when my father was ill. A．had worked B．have worked C．was working D．worked 26．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he________ jobs by a dozen computer companies A．had been offered B．has been offered C．had offered D．has offered 27．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）— You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ________ a lot these days. A．have been practising B．was practising C．would practise D．has been practising 28．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）Critical reasoning together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．is preparing C．prepares D．are preparing 29．（25-26高三上·天津南开·月考）She entered the Brigham Hospital in Boston and________there for several months, but her condition got worse when she was released. A．had stayed B．stayed C．was staying D．would stay 30．（25-26高三上·天津西青·月考）The students have set a deadline by which everyone ________ reading the books assigned by their professor. A．finishes B．will have finished C．has finished D．finished 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语二轮复习提分培优赋能（天津专用） 专题08 动词时态语态及主谓一致（技能+真题+模拟）解析版 一、单项填空满分技能6项（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 1 二、单项填空真题再练20题（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 2 三、单项填空名校模拟30题（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 6 一、单项填空满分技能（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 动词的时态、语态在语境中的正确使用是历年英语高考的考查热点。下面，笔者以部分题目为例，介绍几种时态的单选题的解题技巧。 技巧一：找标法 寻找时间标志词，然后根据标志词，结合语境，确定时态。如： 例1._____ my sister three times today but her line was always busy. A. I'd phoned B. I've been phoning 　　C. I've phoned D. I was phoning 【分析】本题考查动词完成时态。根据时间状语three times today及后面的语境，表示到目前为止phone的动作重复了三次，所以用现在完成时，答案为C。 提示：此类题只要根据明确的时间状语，抓住关键信息，就可以得出最佳答案。 技巧二：呼应法 根据主从句或并列句时态的呼应来判断时态语态。如： 例2.—What would you do if it ______ tomorrow? —We have to carry it on, since we've got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 【分析】本题考查了时态的选用。主句是将来时，在时间、条件等状语从句中通常使用一般现在时表示将来，所以，答案为B。 提示：在解决此类题时，应把握以下三点：⑴含时间状语从句及条件状语从句的主、从句时态呼应原则；⑵宾语从句与主句时态呼应原则；⑶正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作所发生的时间。 技巧三：搭配法 有些固定句型中动词的时态也有固定的搭配。如： 例3.They asked me to have a drink with them. I said it was at least ten years since I ______ a good drink. A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying　　C. enjoyed D. had been enjoying 【分析】本题考查了句型“It + be +段时间 + since从句”。since从句的时态应在主句动词be的基础上向过去推进一个时间段，即“It is/has been ... since（动词用过去式）”或“It was ... since（动词用过去完成式）”，所以，本题的正确答案为A。 提示：熟练掌握一些固定句型中的固定的时态搭配，有助于我们快速解此类题。 技巧四：语境法 题干中没明确给出时间，而是隐含在上下文中，考生只有通过对题干所给信息的推断，才能选定正确的时态。例如： 例4.The manager had fallen asleep where he ______, without undressing. A. was laying B. was lying　　C. had laid D. had lied 【分析】根据所提供的语境“The manager had fallen asleep”可判断出经理是“躺”那儿睡觉的，要用过去进行时，表示当时发生的动作。lay的意思是“放置”，是及物动词，后要跟宾语，本题答案为B。 提示：解答此类题时，我们要注意根据上下文中所给的特定语境条件，分析说话人的意图，推断句中动作所发生的时间，充分利用题干中所提供的其他动词时态暗示条件进行综合分析，做出正确判断。 技巧五：分析法 题干中所给的时间状语有一定的干扰性，句子结构比较复杂，我们必须认真分析句子结构，再根据上下文语境做出正确解答。 例5.The coffee is wonderful! It doesn't taste like anything I ______ before. A. was having B. have 　　C. have ever had D. had ever had 【分析】本题考查现在完成时和过去完成时的区别。受before的影响，此题易误选D项。过去完成时的特点是“过去的过去”，此题没有一般过去时，构不成“过去的过去”，不能使用过去完成时。本句的意思是“这份咖啡不像我以前喝的一样”，强调到说话时为止，应使用现在完成时。答案为C。 提示：解答此类题型时，我们一定要认真分析句子结构及语境，不能急于求成。同时，应牢牢掌握主谓一致的三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。 技巧六：排除法 根据题干提供的信息，我们可以先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验，辨别真伪。 例6.The hero's story ______ differently in the newspapers. A. was reported 　　B. was reporting　　C. reports D. reported 【分析】story是report的动作承受者，所以本题要用被动语态，可排除B、C、D三个选项，答案为A。 提示：抓住题干关键词和语境，排除干扰，找出答案。 二、单项填空真题再练（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 真题专区：练真题,明方向;练技巧,提能力;练速度,提分数! 1.（2025天津卷）Deng Jiaxian was one of the 23 scientists who awarded for their extraordinary contributions to China’s “two bombs, one satellite” project. A. was B. were C. has D. have 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致和动词语态。句意：邓稼先，是因对中国“两弹一星”工程做出卓越贡献而获奖的 23 位科学家之一。who引导定语从句，先行词是the 23 scientists（复数名词），关系词who代替先行词在从句中作主语，且与award为被动关系，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。故选B。 2.（2025天津卷）The Song Dynasty the introduction of jiaozi, which is supposedly the world’s first paper money. A. has seen B. had seen C. sees D. saw 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：宋朝见证了交子的出现，交子据说是世界上第一种纸币。see(见证)作主句谓语，结合“The Song Dynasty”可知，这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故选D项。 3.（2024天津卷）The Smiths _________ the online shopping experience in China since they moved back to New Zealand two years ago. A. had been missing B. were missing C. have been missing D. will be missing 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从两年前搬回新西兰以来，史密斯一家一直很怀念在中国的网购体验。由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。结合选项可知，A选项为过去完成进行时；B选项为过去进行时；C选项为现在完成进行时；D选项为将来进行时。故选C。 4.（2023天津卷）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A. has caused B. have caused C. was causing D. were causing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人类对动物王国的影响，如狩猎和破坏栖息地，在过去的30年里导致了某些物种的数量的减少。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语in the past three decades可知应用现在完成时，主语Human impact，谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。 5.（2023天津卷）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party. A. will be bringing B. have brought C. have been bringing D. were bringing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果你提前告诉一些餐馆你将带一个团队来参加生日派对，他们会很乐意提供一个免费的蛋糕。根据“in advance”可知，此处表示将来的动作，所以应用将来进行时。故选A。 6.（2022天津卷）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party. A. cancels B. will cancel C. has cancelled D. had cancelled 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当孩子们发现学校取消了派对时，他们无法掩饰他们的失望。结合句意可知，学校取消派对发生在前，孩子无法掩饰失望发生在后，故从句的cancel为“过去的过去”，需要用过去完成时态。故选D项。 7. （2022天津卷）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A. prepare B. prepares C. is preparing D. are preparing 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为Critical reasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。 8. （2021天津卷）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first. A. delivered B. will be delivering C. was delivering D. has been delivering 【答案】B 【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：大家晚上好，金教授马上要发表演讲，但（开始之前）让我先介绍一下他。根据语境和标志词in a moment（立即，即将，一会儿）的提示，可知教授的演讲还未开始，用将来时态（一般将来时或将来进行时），仅有B符合题意，是将来进行时的结构，故选B。 9.（2017天津卷）The number of firms selling computers in this region ________ since January 2012. A. are dropping B. is dropping C. have dropped D. has dropped 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：自2012年1月以来，该地区销售电脑的公司数量已经下降。A. are dropping现在进行时，复数形式；B. is dropping现在进行时，单数形式；C. have dropped现在完成时，复数形式；D. has dropped现在完成时，单数形式。根据句中时间状语since January 2012可知，谓语动词应使用现在完成时态，又因短语The number of + n.作主语时视为单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式。综上，谓语动词应使用现在完成时态，单数形式。故选D项。 10.（2021天津卷）We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break. A. have done B. will do C. had done D. were doing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：今天上午我们做的工作够多的了，现在让我们休息一下吧。根据后半句“now let's take a break.”可知，做很多工作这件事情是从过去某个时间开始一直到现在，应用现在完成时。故选A。 11.（2017天津卷）One night, at about midnight, I ______ the sky for about an hour. The stars were shining like diamonds. A. have watched B. had watched C. watch D. watched 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：一天晚上，午夜时分，我看了大约一个小时的天空。星星像钻石一样闪闪发光。根据时间状语one night，可知此句描述的是在过去的时间里发生的事，和现在没有联系，也没有和过去的动作以及时间上的先后对比，所以用一般过去时，故选D。 12.（2020天津卷）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since. A. are remaining B. have remained C. is remaining D. has remained 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。ever since“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为the number of medical schools，the number of表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上，故选D。 13.（2020天津卷）—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days. A. have been practising B. was practising C. would practise D. had practised 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意:-你游泳很棒。-谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these days(这些天)可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。 14.（2020天津卷）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：去年进行的一项调查显示，该市80％的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，主句时态为一般过去时，根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为一般过去时，且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数，按照主谓一致原则，因此使用be动词were。故选D项。 15.（2020天津卷）—The machine is working again！ —Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it___________. A. has been fixed B. is being fixed C. had been fixed D. would be fixed 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：机器又运转了！是的，昨天机器出故障了，但已经被修好了。通过分析语境可知，此处使用现在完成时，表示截至目前已经完成的动作。故选A项。 16.（2019天津卷）Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B；本句的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。 17.（2019天津卷）I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. A. had hoped B. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时，所以发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。 18.（2019天津卷）I took notes during the meeting, but I a chance to write them into a report so far. A. didn’t have B. haven’t had C. hadn’t had D. won’t have 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：会议期间我做了笔记，但到目前为止我还没有机会把它们写进报告里。根据句中时间状语so far可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故B选项正确。 【点睛】现在完成时的部分常见标志词（组）in the past few days/weeks/months/years；(up to)these few days/weeks/months/years；up to present/now；so far；till now及句型：It is the 序数词 +time that…谓语动词使用现在完成时。 19.（2018天津卷）My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。 点睛：本题考查时态。分析选项可以知道，4个选项都用了被动语态，本题考查的其实是不同的时态。选项A是过去时；选项B是一般现在时的被动；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是现在完成时。再结合语境进行分析，最终判断出最佳答案。 20.（2016天津卷）When walking down the street, I came across David, who I _____ for years. A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当沿着街道散步的时候，我遇见了多年未见的David。根据语境，“not see”这个动作发生在come across之前，是过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。故选C。 【名师点睛】英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示过去的过去的动作，还有一个特点就是和过去的一段时间搭配。 三、单项填空名校模（动词时态语态及主谓一致） 模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩!练技能,补漏洞,提分数,强信心! 1．（25-26高三上·天津西青·月考）Be silent, please. I can’t hear anything. I________ a holiday in Virginia with the travel agency. A．booked B．am booking C．have booked D．will be booking 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：请安静。我什么都听不见了。我正在和旅行社预定去 Virginia 度假。根据前文“Be silent, please. I can’t hear anything.”可知，此处表示“我正在预定”，故应用正在进行时。故选B。 2．（25-26高三上·天津西青·月考）By the time the police arrived, the suspect________ from the scene for almost half an hour, making it hard to track him down. A．has disappeared B．had disappeared C．disappeared D．disappears 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：在警察到达时，嫌疑犯已经从现场消失半个小时了，因此很难追踪他。根据时间状语从句“By the time the police arrived”可知，主句应用过去完成时，表示“消失”发生在警察“到来”之前，故选B。 3．（25-26高三上·天津·月考）—You look tired. You need a rest. — Yes, I _________ until seven o’clock this morning. I’m going home now. A．have worked B．was working C．am working D．will work 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你看起来很累，你需要休息一下。——是啊，我一直工作到今天早上七点。我现在正要回家呢。根据时间状语“until seven o’clock this morning”可知，此处表示过去持续发生的动作，需用过去进行时。故选B。 4．（25-26高三上·天津南开·月考）By the time we arrived at the station, the train ______ already and we had to wait for another one. A．has left B．had left C．left D．was leaving 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我们到达车站时，火车已经开走了，所以我们不得不等待另一班列车。根据上文By the time we arrived at the station可知表示火车开走发生在到达车站之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时。故选B。 5．（25-26高二上·天津滨海新·月考）Many a young scientist ________ himself to the AI development, making China take the lead in the field. A．devoted B．have devoted C．was devoting D．has devoted 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：许多青年科学家都投身于人工智能的发展，使中国在该领域处于领先地位。根据语境可知，句子描述的是“投身人工智能发展”这个动作带来了“中国领先”的结果和影响，应用现在完成时；“many a + 单数名词”，虽意为“许多”，但作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式，用来强调个体。故选D项。 6．（25-26高三上·天津和平·月考）During the field trip, the students realized that the wetland ecosystem was far more fragile than they ________. A．have imagined B．were imagining C．had imagined D．imagine 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在实地考察期间，学生们意识到湿地生态系统比他们想象的要脆弱得多。本句中“realized”为一般过去时，而“想象”这一动作发生在“意识到”之前，即过去的过去，所以应该用过去完成时，其结构为“had + 过去分词”。A选项“have imagined”是现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；B选项“were imagining”是过去进行时，表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作；D选项“imagine”是一般现在时，表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的动作或状态，均不符合语境。故选C。 7．（25-26高三上·天津和平·开学考试）Up to now, more than one generation of children ________ amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. A．have been B．had been C．will have been D．has been 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致、动词时态与语态。句意：到目前为止，已有不止一代的孩子被他的勇气和探求真理的科学方法所震撼。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“Up to now”可知，此处使用现在完成时，强调动作从过去持续到现在；“more than one +单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式，所以谓语动词为has been amazed。故选D项。 8．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）The research team ________ tirelessly on this project for the past three months, and they believe they ________ a major breakthrough very soon. A．has worked; are making B．has been working; are about to make C．is working; are making D．had been working; are about to make 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：研究团队过去三个月一直在不懈努力开展这个项目，他们相信很快就要取得重大突破。根据“for the past three months”可知，第一空的动作从过去开始发生持续到现在，可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；根据“very soon”可知，第二空的动作几乎马上要发生，应用一般将来时的be about to do。故选B。 9．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）He ________ in Beijing for five years and now he works in Shanghai. A．has lived B．lived C．had lived D．has been living 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：他在北京生活了五年，现在在上海工作。句子描述过去发生的事，且该动作与现在没有直接关联（现在已在上海工作）。所以用一般过去时。故选B。 10．（25-26高三上·天津武清·月考）This amusement park along with all the exciting rides and other fun activities ________ also home to outdoor concerts every summer. A．is B．have been C．are D．has been 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：这个游乐园，连同所有令人兴奋的游乐设施和其他有趣的活动，每年夏天也是户外音乐会的举办地。“along with all the exciting rides and other fun activities”是介词短语作伴随状语，句子的真正主语是“This amusement park”，为单数形式，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。再根据时间状语“every summer”可知，句子描述的是经常性、习惯性的动作，所以应该用一般现在时。故选A。 11．（25-26高三上·天津河北·月考）I had wanted to help you with your homework but I couldn’t spare any time. I ______ a composition last night and I’ll finish it today. A．is writing B．wrote C．have written D．was writing 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：我本想帮你做作业的，但我实在抽不出时间。昨晚我还在写一篇作文呢，并且我今天就要完成。前半句表明“我本想帮你写作业但抽不出时间”，后半句解释原因 ——“昨晚我正在写一篇作文，今天就要写完”，所以此处强调昨晚某个时间段内正在进行的动作，这个动作导致了当时无法帮忙，为过去进行时。故选D。 12．（25-26高三上·天津宝坻·月考）I’m afraid I can’t come at 3:00 pm next Friday, because I ________ an interview then. A．have B．would have C．will be having D．will have had 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：恐怕我下周五下午3点不能来，因为那时我正在面试。句中then指代next Friday at 3:00 pm，表示将来某个具体时间正在进行的动作，需用将来进行时will be doing，故选C。 13．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）By the time you graduate from university, artificial intelligence ________a profound impact on many traditional industries. A．will have B．has had C．has D．will have had 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：当你大学毕业时，人工智能将会已经对许多传统产业产生深远的影响。时间状语By the time you graduate from university表示一个未来的时间点，表示人工智能对传统产业的影响是一个在毕业时已经完成的动作，因此需要使用将来完成时其结构为：will have + 过去分词。故选D。 14．（25-26高三上·天津滨海新·月考）Peter loves outdoor activities — he skis in winter and _________ and hunting since he was a child. A．is fishing B．was fishing C．has been fishing D．had been fishing 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：彼得喜欢户外活动——他冬天滑雪，从孩提时代起就一直在钓鱼和打猎。根据since he was a child可知，主句应用完成时态；根据语境可知，“钓鱼和打猎”这个动作从过去持续到现在，还有可能继续持续下去，且强调动作一直正在进行，所以应用现在完成进行时，其构成为have/has been doing，主语he为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选C项。 15．（25-26高三上·天津·月考）In order to get good marks in the graduate examination, he ________ graduation thesis in the past two weeks. A．writes B．has been writing C．had written D．wrote 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：为了在研究生考试中取得好成绩，在过去的两周里他一直忙于撰写毕业论文。由时间状语“in the past two weeks”可知，此处表示从过去到现在持续进行的动作，应用现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性和未完成性。故选B项。 16．（25-26高三上·天津静海·期中）—What’s the secret of her performing such an eye-catching performance on the stage? —She _________ dancing for eight hours every day. A．had practised B．have practised C．practises D．is practising 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——她在舞台上表演出如此引人注目的演出的秘诀是什么？——她每天练习跳舞8小时。根据for eight hours every day可知，这里表示经常性、习惯性发生的动作，用一般现在时。故填practises。 17．（25-26高三上·天津河北·月考）During the English class, the teacher asked everyone to introduce themselves. The boy his words in his head when the girl next to him gave him a nudge. A．organized B．was organizing C．organizes D．has organized 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：在英语课上，老师让大家互相做一下自我介绍。那个男孩在心里整理着自己的话时，旁边的女孩轻轻碰了碰他。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when…表示“某人正在做某事，这时……”，结合“gave”可知，此处为过去进行时。故选B。 18．（25-26高三上·天津南开·月考）The ancient tree _________ in the center of the village, having witnessed countless generations come and go, _________ as a silent guardian of local history. A．standing; serves B．standing; serving C．stood; serving D．stood; serves 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。句意：那棵古树矗立在村子中央，见证了无数代人的来来去去，充当着当地历史的无声守护者。第一空为非谓语动词，The ancient tree与stand为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语；第二空，serves是句子的谓语，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The ancient tree是第三人称单数，所以用serves。故选A。 19．（25-26高三上·天津南开·月考）The popular food blogger, together with her team, ___________ to our restaurant for a tasting last week, and many a positive review she posted online _________ our customer flow ever since. A．had come; boosted B．had come; have boosted C．came; have boosted D．came; has boosted 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这位受欢迎的美食博主上周和她的团队一起来我们餐厅品尝美食，从那以后，她在网上发布了许多好评，大大增加了我们的客流量。第一空处为谓语，根据时间状语“last week”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态came；第二空处是主句的谓语动词，与主语many a positive review之间是主动关系，根据时间状语“ever since”可知，描述过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时态，且“many a+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，即has boosted。故选D项。 20．（25-26高三上·天津河北·期中）Recognising how each finch species was perfectly adapted to its specific food source, Darwin suspected that they _________ from a common ancestor. A．evolved B．had evolved C．were evolving D．have evolved 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：认识到每种雀鸟都完美适应了其特定的食物来源，达尔文推测它们是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的。“进化”这一动作发生在“推测”之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时had evolved。故选B项。 21．（25-26高三上·天津和平·期中）Hey, Janet! I ________ for you. Have you finished the report yet? Sarah ________ about it just now. A．have been looking; asked B．looked; had asked C．was looking; had been asking D．have looked; was asking 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：嘿，珍妮特!我一直在找你。你完成报告了吗？萨拉刚才问起这件事。第一空：结合语境可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在且刚刚完成的动作，应用现在完成进行时，主语是I，助动词用have；第二空：根据时间状语just now“刚才”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故选A。 22．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）A large percentage of the company’s profits ______ through e-commerce platforms, which ______ the importance of digital transformation. A．are generated; reflects B．is generated; reflect C．is generated; reflects D．are generated; reflect 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致与时态语态。句意：该公司很大比例的利润是通过电子商务平台产生的，这反映了数字化转型的重要性。第一空主语“A large percentage of the company’s profits”中，profits为可数名词复数，“percentage of + 可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；profits与generate“产生，形成”为被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，即are generated；第二空处为which引导非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，先行词为前面整个主句的内容，从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式reflects“反映”。故选A。 23．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）—  ______ the new AI software developed by the tech giant? — Yes. I ______ it with my team the other day, and the results were impressive. A．Have you tried; have tested B．Did you try; tested C．Have you tried; tested D．Did you try; have tested 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你试过这家科技巨头开发的新人工智能软件吗？——是的。前几天我和我的团队测试了它，结果令人印象深刻。  对于第一个空，根据语境可知，问句询问的是到现在为止是否尝试过新的人工智能软件，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，所以应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语you是第二人称，助动词用have，try的过去分词是tried，所以第一个空应填Have you tried；对于第二个空，根据时间状语“the other day(前几天)”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，test的过去式是tested，所以第二个空应填tested。故选C。 24．（25-26高三上·天津南开·期中）The teacher, together with his students, ________ hard on the project since the beginning of this semester. A．was working B．have been working C．were working D．has been working 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：从这个学期开始，老师和他的学生们就一直在努力做这个项目。“together with his students”是介词短语，作状语，题干的主语是“The teacher”，为第三人称单数，“since the beginning of this semester”的意思是“从这学期开始”，表示从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在，所以本句的时态应为现在完成进行时。故选D项。 25．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）— Have you ever been to Xizang? — Actually, I ________ there for two years and then left for home when my father was ill. A．had worked B．have worked C．was working D．worked 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你去过西藏吗？——实际上，我在那里工作了两年，然后在我父亲生病时离开那里回家了。根据“and then left for home when my father was ill.”可知，作者因父亲生病离开了西藏，说明“在西藏工作”这一动作与现在无关，所以使用一般过去时态。故选D。 26．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he________ jobs by a dozen computer companies A．had been offered B．has been offered C．had offered D．has offered 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：马克是个天才。到他毕业时，已经有十几家电脑公司给他提供了工作机会。根据空前的时间状语“By the time he graduated (到他毕业时)”和语境可知，此处强调“截止到过去某个时间点（毕业），已经完成的动作”，且主语“he”与谓语“offer (提供)”之间为被动关系，所以应用过去完成时的被动语态。故选A项。 27．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）— You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ________ a lot these days. A．have been practising B．was practising C．would practise D．has been practising 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：—— 你游泳真棒。—— 谢谢，这是因为这些天我一直在大量练习。根据答句中时间状语“these days (这些天)”和语境可知，此处强调动作从过去开始持续到现在，且可能仍在进行，以体现“持续练习导致游泳好”的逻辑，应用现在完成进行时。故选A项。 28．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）Critical reasoning together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．is preparing C．prepares D．are preparing 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：批判性思维和解决问题的能力一起，能让青少年做出更好的决定。根据语境可知，此处描述一般性客观情况，应用一般现在时，由with/together with/along with连接的名词的作主语时，谓语动词的单复数和前面的名词保持一致，即“就远原则”，所以此处谓语动词prepare应与表单数概念的“Critical reasoning (批判性思维)”一致，应用第三人称单数形式。故选C项。 29．（25-26高三上·天津南开·月考）She entered the Brigham Hospital in Boston and________there for several months, but her condition got worse when she was released. A．had stayed B．stayed C．was staying D．would stay 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她住进了波士顿的布里格姆医院，并在那里住了几个月，但出院时她的病情却恶化了。分析句子结构可知，这里考查谓语动词，She与stay为主动关系；根据句中 “entered”（一般过去时）和“for several months”可知，“住院”是与“进入医院”并列且发生在过去的动作，二者无明显先后顺序，均需用一般过去时；“for several months”可与一般过去时搭配，表过去持续的一段时间，stayed符合语境。故选B项。 30．（25-26高三上·天津西青·月考）The students have set a deadline by which everyone ________ reading the books assigned by their professor. A．finishes B．will have finished C．has finished D．finished 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：学生们已经设定了一个截止日期，到那时所有人都将完成教授布置的书籍阅读。by which表示“在某个时间点之前”，主句的时态为现在完成时，说明截止时间是现在设定的，而阅读任务是在截止时间前需要完成的未来动作，因此用将来完成时。故选B。 12 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $