Unit 9 Section Ⅰ Topic Talk-(配套教参)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册(北师大版)

本讲义聚焦高中英语核心词汇（如biology、capability等14个）、重点短语（如be amazed at等5个）及高考听力请求与建议题型，通过词汇深度拓展（派生词、用法及即学活用练习）与听力真题解析，构建从基础积累到高考应用的学习支架。 该资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，听力部分结合高考真题（如2024新课标Ⅱ卷、2025浙江1月卷）解析请求建议句型，提升信息提取能力，词汇讲解通过派生词关联与真题改编题强化逻辑推断。多样练习（单词拼写、情景对话）助力课中互动教学，课后可自主复习，有效弥补词汇与听力短板。

Unit 9 Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk [对应学生用书P73] Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．biology n.生物学 2．capability n.(完成困难事情的)能力，才能 3．marathon n.马拉松赛跑 4．justify vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护 5．infer vt.推断，推定 6．calculate vt.计算，核算 7．physicist n.物理学家 8．athletics n.田径运动 9．innovate vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革 10．betterment n.(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高 11．vaccine n.疫苗 12．resilience n.恢复力，复原力，适应力 13．participant n.参加者，参与者 14．doping n.使用违禁药物(以提高体育比赛的成绩) Ⅱ.重点短语 1．be amazed at 对……感到惊讶 2．be capable of doing sth 能做某事 3．cures for diseases 治疗疾病的方法 4．warm up 热身 5．be involved in 参与…… 请求与建议题 在高考听力中，请求与建议题是常考内容，此试题中含有细节理解题和简单判断题，要注意英语中表示请求和建议的句型，例如： 1．Would you mind doing sth? 2．Why not do sth？/Why don't you do sth? 3．How about/What about (doing) sth? 4．Could you please do sth? 5．Would you like to do sth? 6．Shall we do sth? 7．May/Shall I．..？等 这类题的题干有： 1．What does the man/the woman want to do? 2．What does the man/the woman advise sb to do? 3．What does the man/the woman suggest do­ing？等。 听此类录音时，要注意对话中的动词及其后面的名词，抓住说话人请求和建议的内容。 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)What does the man advise the woman to do? A．Buy high­quality sportswear. B．Keep working out regularly. C．Avoid over­exercising. [Text] M：Miss，do you need any help? W：I want to get fit，but exercise doesn't seem to help. M：What kind of exercise have you done before? W：I did jogging now and then，but it was so boring.So I changed to weightlifting，but it was so demanding and I was afraid of getting injured，so I went bike riding. M：Oh，I see.You need to be consistent.I suggest you do different kinds of exercise on one day or on different days of the week.This will help hold your interest so you can keep coming back. [分析]　请求和建议题。根据男士所说的“You need to be consistent.I suggest you do...coming back.”可知，他认为女士需要坚持，并建议她做不同的运动，这有助于她保持兴趣，持续来健身中心锻炼。也就是说，男士建议女士要经常锻炼。B选项 Keep working out regularly是对线索句的概括。故选B。 　(2025·浙江1月卷)What is the man's advice for the woman? A．Come back later. B．Talk to the manager. C．Postpone the meeting. [Text 9] M：Good morning.Can I help you? W：Yes，I've got a reservation.My name is Hillary Langley. M：Just a moment，please.How do you spell your last name? W：L­A­N­G­L­E­Y.Langley. M：Well，I'm sorry，but we don't seem to have a reservation for you. W：There must be some mistake.I'm attending a conference in the city，and my secretary told me that the conference organizer made the reservation for me. M：I see.No，I'm sorry.You are not booked in here. W：Well，but can you find me a single room anyway? M：I'm afraid there's nothing available at the moment. W：Look，I really need a room here.Can I talk to your manager? M：The manager is away on business，but，well...I may be able to help you if you could wait and prepare to check in after two in the afternoon.We'll have some rooms at that time. W：That'd be very kind of you.Could you give me a call when you have a room available? I'll just wander around and have some coffee. M：Certainly.Would you please give me your phone number? W：Sure.Here's my card.Thanks. [分析]　请求和建议题。题干询问男士给女士的建议是什么。在对话中，女士表明自己有预订但男士称未查到，女士请求安排单人间，男士表示目前无空房。随后男士提出建议：“...if you could wait and prepare to check in after two in the afternoon.We'll have some rooms at that time.” 这意味着男士建议女士下午两点之后再来办理入住，与选项A“稍后再来”意思相符。故选A。 [重点词汇] [对应学生用书P75] 1．capability n. (完成困难事情的)能力，才能 (1)capable adj.　有能力的；有才干的 be capable of　能够，能，敢于 (2)incapable adj.　不能的；无能力的；不能胜任的 (3)capably adv.　能干地 [经典佳句] The boy has no capability to understand the fiction.That is，it is beyond his capability. 这个男孩没有能力理解这部小说。也就是说，这超出了他的能力。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2025·全国二卷，改编)Volunteering makes you feel more capable (capable) and inspires you to make the most of each day. ②He has the capability(capable) to benefit from university education. ③I am fluent in English and capable of communicating with English speakers freely. 我英语流利，能和说英语的人自由交流。 2．infer vt. 推断，推定 (1)infer sth (from sth) 　(从……)推断/推论/推理 ...infer that...　推断；推论；推理 (2)inference n.　推理；推论；推断 draw/make inferences from　根据……推论出结果 by inference　由此推断 [经典佳句] I inferred from what she said that you have not been well. 我从她的话里推断出你身体一直不大好。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I inferred from the article that the pilot was responsible for the accident. ②Our conclusions were arrived at by inference，not by direct evidence. ③From the data in the chart，we can make a reasonable inference(infer) that environmental awareness has significantly increased among teenagers in recent years. ④We can infer that in her letter to her father Karen asked him to live with her mother. 我们可以推断出，凯伦在给她父亲的信中要求他和母亲住在一起。 ⑤Much of the mearning must be inferred from the context. 大部分含意必须从上下文中推断。 3．calculate vt.计算，核算；打算，认为 (1)calculate on 　指望或依靠(做)某事 (2)be calculated for sth　为某事打算 be calculated to do sth　打算用来做某事 It's calculated that...　据估算…… (3)calculation n.　计算 (4)calculator n.　计算器 [经典佳句] Astronomers can calculate when there will be eclipses of the sun and moon. 天文学家可以算出何时发生日食和月食。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I think a pocket calculator(calculate) is very convenient. ②By my calculation(calculate)，we made a profit of $20，000 last year. ③We can't calculate on luck to pass the exam; instead，consistent effort and effective review are the keys to success. ④This advertisement is calculated to attract children. 这个广告是为吸引儿童设计的。 ⑤It has been calculated that at least 47，000 jobs were lost last year. 据估算，去年至少47 000人次失去了工作。 4．participant n.参加者，参与者 (1)participate vi.　参加；分享；分担 participate in　参加 participate with sb in sth　与某人分担…… (2)participation n.　参加，参与 [经典佳句] There are more than 200 participants running the cross­country race. 有200多名参赛者参加了这次越野赛跑。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He is an active participant(participate) in the discussion. ②We all feel very honoured if you can participate with us in the activity. ③Active participation(participate) in club activities not only broadens our horizons but also helps us build lasting friendships. ④I have an English speech contest to participate in． 我有英语演讲比赛要参加。 [对应学生用书P76] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．create and innovate 创造和创新 2．use their minds for the betterment of mankind 用他们的智慧造福人类 3．find cures for diseases 找到治疗疾病的方法 4．prevent diseases by developing vaccines 通过开发疫苗预防疾病 5．watch athletics on television 在电视上观看体育运动 6．train the experiment's participants 训练实验参与者 7．do special breathing exercises 做特殊的呼吸练习 8．human resilience in hot and cold extreme climates 人类在冷热极端气候中的恢复能力 Ⅱ.单词拼写 1．Her success justified (证明……有道理)the faith her teachers had put in her. 2．We must constantly adapt and innovate (创新) to ensure success in a growing market. 3．His research is for the betterment (改善)of mankind. 4．He's hoping to compete in the London marathon (马拉松赛跑). 5．It is impossible to calculate (估计) what influence he had on her life. 6．He has been an active participant (参与者) in the discussion. Ⅲ.根据情景补全对话 A：Good morning，doctor! B：Good morning! 1 A：I feel awful.I've got a cough and my head hurts a lot. B: 2 A：Since last Friday.I've been ill for 3 days. B：Let me take your temperature.Hmm，your temperature isn't high. 3 A：Oh，doctor! I've always felt sick these days.I must be very weak! B：Do you often do exercise? A：Not really.I haven't done much exercise since I bought my new iPad. B: 4 A：So what should I do? I spend too much time playing iPad.It can be very harmful to my health. B：Don't worry.I'll give you some medicine. 5 And you'll be better soon.But remember to exercise more. A．You've got no fever. B．What can I do for you? C．That's the problem. D．Take it three times a day. E．I'm very sorry to hear that. F．How long have you been like this? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇对话，对话的主要内容是A生病了去看医生，B为A开药并给出了建议。 1．解析　根据“I feel awful.I've got a cough and my head hurts a lot.”可知，A感觉不舒服，去看了医生。选项B“我能帮你做什么吗？”符合语境。故选B。 答案　B 2．解析　根据“Since last Friday.”可知，上句询问时间。选项F“你这样多久了？”符合语境。故选F。 答案　F 3．解析　根据“Let me take your temperature.Hmm，your temperature isn't high.”可知，体温不高。选项A“你没有发烧。”符合语境。故选A。 答案　A 4．解析　根据“I haven't done much exercise since I bought my new iPad.”可知，A表明了自己的近况，而这正是其感觉不舒服的原因。选项C“这就是问题所在。”符合语境。故选C。 答案　C 5．解析　根据“Don't worry.I'll give you some medicine...And you'll be better soon.But remember to exercise more.”可知，B为A开了药，此处应该是介绍药该怎么吃。选项D“一天吃三次”符合语境。故选D。 答案　D Ⅳ.根据汉语提示完成对话 M：Hello.I'm looking for Mrs Reilly's office. W：I'm Mrs Reilly.Come right in. M：I was at the Student Health Services yesterday.They told me that 1.my blood pressure is too high (我的血压太高了). W：Then I suppose 2.you need a diet to help bring your blood pressure down (你需要节食来降低你的血压). M：That's right.The doctor told me to see the university nutritionist about it，so here I am.He gave me this note for you. W：Let me see.This is a list of foods 3.that you should and shouldn't eat (你应该和不应该吃的东西).You should say goodbye to potato chips and hamburgers! M：Oh，no! W：But you can have almost all fruits and vegetables.I'm writing you a special menu. M：OK.But where do I eat? Do I have to eat at the university hospital? W：Not at all.I will call the canteen manager.He handles all sorts of special menus. M：4.What if I want to go to a restaurant (如果我想去餐馆呢)? W：Just bring this menu with you and select your food carefully. M：Thanks a lot.5.This won't be nearly as bad as I thought(这不会像我想的那么糟). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $