专题13 八年级下册Unit5 Looking into nature 语法、写作篇-八年级英语新教材外研版

专题13 八年级下册Unit5 Looking into nature 语法、写作篇 that、if、whether引导的宾语从句 　　宾语从句是名词性从句的一种,在主从复合句中充当宾语,通常位于及物动词、介词或形容词之后。 　　宾语从句大致可以分为三类:that引导的宾语从句、if/whether引导的宾语从句和疑问词引导的宾语从句。在本单元中,我们学习that、if和whether引导的宾语从句。 一．that引导的宾语从句 当谓语动词表示肯定的概念,如“希望”“相信”“知道”或“说”时,其后的宾语从句一般用that引导。that没有任何词汇意义,只具有语法功能,目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是前面动词的宾语,多数情况下that可以省略。 I hope (that) it will rain this afternoon. 我希望今天下午会下雨。 注意 不可省略that的常见情况 (1)当一个句子有多个并列的宾语从句时,通常第一个宾语从句前的that可省略,但后面的that不可省略。 She wrote (that) she would come and see him sometimes, and that she would never forget what he had done for her. 她写信说,她会不时来看他,而且永远不会忘记他为她做的(事情)。 (2)句中带有插入语时,宾语从句的引导词that不可省略。 Your mother said, happily and proudly, that you had won the gold medal. 你妈妈高兴又自豪地说,你赢得了金牌。 (3)带补语的宾语从句的引导词that通常不可省略。 He felt it necessary that he should give Liu Bin a call later. 他觉得有必要晚些时候给刘彬打个电话。 二． if/whether引导的宾语从句 　　当一般疑问句充当句子的宾语时,用连词if或whether引导,if/whether在从句中不充当任何句子成分,意为“是否”,不可省略。宾语从句要用陈述语序。 I don't know whether/if she will come this afternoon.我不知道她今天下午是否会来。 注意 whether与if引导宾语从句时的区别 区别 例句 whether引导的宾语从句可置于句首,而if无此功能。 Whether it is true or not, I can't tell. 这是真的还是假的,我说不上来。 whether引导的宾语从句可直接用于介词之后,而if无此功能。 That depends on whether we work hard. 那取决于我们是否努力。 whether 可与or not直接连用,而if一般不能。 Let me know whether or not you can come.让我知道你是否能来。 随堂训练 一．单项选择 1．（25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·月考）A report shows ________ teenagers need to devote more time ________ others. A．which; understanding B．whether; understanding C．that; to understand D．/; to understanding 2．（25-26八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Our English teacher hopes ________ hard at English, but sometimes we don’t listen to her. A．us to study B．us can study C．we can study D．we to study 3．（24-25九年级上·山东滨州·期末）—What’s wrong with the dog? —We’re sure ________ something is wrong with it, but we doubt ________ the disease can kill it. A．if; whether B．that; that C．whether; if D．that; whether 4．（24-25九年级上·安徽蚌埠·期中）—How meaningful the trip is! I wonder ________ our school will hold it next year. —Of course we will. It’s our school’s tradition. A．when B．where C．whether D．how 5．（24-25八年级上·山东滨州·期末）He isn’t sure if it ________ next Sunday. If it ________, he won’t go camping. A．will rain; rainy B．rains; rains C．will rain; rains D．rain, rain 6．（2025·天津·模拟预测）—Do you know if we ________ a school leavers’ party? —I think if we ________ too many tasks next term, we will. A．will have; have B．will have; don’t have C．don’t have; won’t have D．will have; won’t have 7．（25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考）The tourists are discussing ________ Chengdu or Changsha is the best city ________ at this time of the year. A．whether; to visit B．if; to visit C．whether; to be visited D．it; to be visited 8．（25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考）—Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A．if the skirt looked nice on me B．what should I pay attention to C．that I should take some flowers D．whether I can order a taxi on the phone 9．（25-26九年级上·福建福州·月考）—Excuse me, I wonder ________ to the Sun Cinema. —Yes. You can take the No. 36 bus. A．why is there a bus B．when there is a bus C．whether there is a bus 10．（24-25九年级上·江西赣州·期末）—How long does it take to get to the airport? —Half an hour. But it’s foggy today. I am not sure ________ the highway will be closed soon. A．when B．whether C．why D．where 二．完成句子 1．（25-26九年级上·广东广州·月考）医生建议我应该早点休息。 The doctor suggested to bed early. 2．（25-26九年级上·广东广州·月考）王老师也告诉了学生他们下周三要分享他们的视频。 Miss Wang also told the students their videos next Wednesday. 3．（25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）他回答说关于这起事故他什么都不知道。 He he knew nothing about the accident. 4．（24-25八年级上·广东广州·期中）我做了一个机器人，但发现它运转不了。 I made a robot, but I it didn’t work. 5．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）最后，这个女孩发现她的宠物狗在丢失三天后回来了。 after being lost for three days. 6．（2026九年级·河南·专题练习）比尔想知道明年他们是否会再吃到粽子。 Bill they’ll have zongzi again next year. 7．（25-26九年级上·贵州安顺·期中）许多家长担心孩子们能否明智地使用人工智能。 Lots of parents worry kids can use AI wisely not. 8．（25-26九年级上·山东枣庄·期中）我有时琢磨他是否天生具有这样的能力。 Sometimes I wonder he is with such an ability. 9．（25-26九年级上·重庆·月考）杰克想知道我们外出之前雨是否会停。 Jack the rain will stop before we go out. 10．（25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中）我常常怀疑发展我的爱好是否重要。 I often . 写作精讲 本单元的话题是“探索自然”,要求学生根据所给的提示内容写一篇和探索自然有关的书面表达。该话题下常见的文章体裁是记叙文和说明文,通常涉及的细分话题有:①介绍某地的自然环境;②介绍某种动物或植物。 写作实例 请根据以下要点提示,写一篇介绍盐城湿地的英语文章。要点:1.盐城是江苏东部的一个城市,以其拥有的湿地(wetland)而出名; 2.最大湿地面积约45万公顷(hectare),是众多稀有鸟类的理想家园; 3.有许多昆虫和多种植物,它们为鸟儿提供了足够的食物; 4.许多鸟类在那儿生活,许多丹顶鹤全年待在那儿; 5.如今鸟的数量越来越少,我们应该……(适当发挥一两句)。 要求:1.必须包含上述要点,可自行发挥;2.词数不少于80。 审题指导 1.体裁:说明文。    2.时态:以一般现在时为主。    3.人称:以第三人称为主。 4.必备词句: （1）in the east of在……的东部; （2）be famous for因……而闻名; （3）have an area of拥有……的面积; （4）an ideal home一个理想的家园; （5）provide...with sth.为……提供某物; （6）all year round一年到头; （7）take action采取行动; （8）grow up长大,成长; （9）communicate with... 和……交流; （10）in the wild 在野外; （11）prevent...from doing sth. 阻止……做某事; （12）be harmful to... 对……有害; （13）millions of 数百万的 （14）If we don’t, it will be impossible to see many rare birds in the future. 如果我们不这样做,将来不可能再看到许多罕见的鸟类。 （15）If this is possible, it will help people use less plastic. 如果这是可能的,它会帮助人们使用更少的塑料。 （16）So far, our country has made great efforts in the environmental protection of the river. 到目前为止,我们国家在黄河的环境保护方面做了许多努力。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 　　Yancheng is a city in the east of Jiangsu Province. It is famous for its wetlands. The biggest wetland there has an area of about 450,000 hectares. It is an ideal home for many rare birds. 　　There are a lot of insects and many kinds of plants in the wetlands. They provide birds wit② enough food. There are lots of birds living in the wetlands. A lot of red-crowned cranes stay there all year round. Now the number of birds is getting smaller and smaller. We should take action to protect our wetlands. If we don’t, it will be impossible to see many rare birds in the future. 随堂训练 （1） 植物对人类、动物以及周围的环境都非常重要。假如你是李华,请你根据以下思维导图的提示,以“The Importance of Plants”为题,从三个方面谈论一下植物的重要性,呼吁大家爱护植物。 　要求:1.包含所有提示内容,可适当发挥;2.词数不少于80, 开头已给出,不计入总词数。 The Importance of Plants We all know plants are very important for humans, animals and the environment. Now, let me introduce the importance of plants to you. （2） 你听说过“最孤独的鲸鱼”Alice的故事吗?请根据以下内容提示写一篇介绍Alice的文章。 内容提示:人们在1989年首次发现了鲸鱼Alice,它身长39英尺(foot)。人们很惊奇地发现Alice用不同于其他鲸鱼的频率“说话”(speak at a different frequency from...),因此没有其他鲸鱼能听到Alice“说话”,它找不到它的家人和朋友。Alice曾独自游过了太平洋。后来,Alice消失了。 写作要求:1.词数80左右;2.必须包含上述要点,可发挥想象。 （3） 假如你是某国际学校自然探索社团的成员。该社团开展了以“Journey through nature”为题的征文活动。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇短文向本次征文活动投稿，叙述一次让你印象最深的户外活动，分享你的所见所闻。 提示： Where did you take the trip? ·on a small mountain Who went there with you? ·my family What did you do during the trip? ·climbed the mountain ·saw beautiful flowers and lovely butterflies ·... How did you feel? ·an amazing experience ·... What was the happiest moment? ·reached the top ·... 要求：1. 包含提示信息，可适当发挥；2. 语句通顺，语法正确，行文连贯，书写工整；3. 80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 I’m happy to share my favourite hiking experience with you. Last summer, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （4） 为了传播环保理念，探索自然生灵奥秘，2025年大自然生活节 (Natural Life Festival) 将在净月森林动物园精彩绽放。现面向全体同学招募志愿者。假设你是李华，请根据招募要求写一封40词左右的自荐信。 招募要求： 1.你的特长和兴趣爱好； 2.懂得如何保护野生动物； 3.服务时间为8月份的每个周末。 写作要求：语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范。 Dear Sir, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua （5） 假设你是李华，你所在班级上周日组织了一次以“自然探索与环保行动”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据提示给你的英国好友Tom写一封英文邮件，谈谈当天的活动经历和感受。 要点：1.时间地点：上周日上午10点到下午4点，红树林自然保护区(Mangrove Nature Reserve)； 2.具体实践活动： ① 参观自然保护区；② 参与植树活动； ③ 观察黑脸琵鹭 (black-faced spoonbill) 等珍稀鸟类；④ …… (自行补充一点) 3.活动感受与收获。 要求： 1.要点齐全，可适当发挥； 2.条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范； 3.不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4.80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：ecosystem (生态环境), social practice(社会实践), rare (珍稀的) Dear Tom, How’s everything going? Last Sunday, our class ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题13 八年级下册Unit5 Looking into nature 语法、写作篇 that、if、whether引导的宾语从句 　　宾语从句是名词性从句的一种,在主从复合句中充当宾语,通常位于及物动词、介词或形容词之后。 　　宾语从句大致可以分为三类:that引导的宾语从句、if/whether引导的宾语从句和疑问词引导的宾语从句。在本单元中,我们学习that、if和whether引导的宾语从句。 一．that引导的宾语从句 当谓语动词表示肯定的概念,如“希望”“相信”“知道”或“说”时,其后的宾语从句一般用that引导。that没有任何词汇意义,只具有语法功能,目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是前面动词的宾语,多数情况下that可以省略。 I hope (that) it will rain this afternoon. 我希望今天下午会下雨。 注意 不可省略that的常见情况 (1)当一个句子有多个并列的宾语从句时,通常第一个宾语从句前的that可省略,但后面的that不可省略。 She wrote (that) she would come and see him sometimes, and that she would never forget what he had done for her. 她写信说,她会不时来看他,而且永远不会忘记他为她做的(事情)。 (2)句中带有插入语时,宾语从句的引导词that不可省略。 Your mother said, happily and proudly, that you had won the gold medal. 你妈妈高兴又自豪地说,你赢得了金牌。 (3)带补语的宾语从句的引导词that通常不可省略。 He felt it necessary that he should give Liu Bin a call later. 他觉得有必要晚些时候给刘彬打个电话。 二． if/whether引导的宾语从句 　　当一般疑问句充当句子的宾语时,用连词if或whether引导,if/whether在从句中不充当任何句子成分,意为“是否”,不可省略。宾语从句要用陈述语序。 I don't know whether/if she will come this afternoon.我不知道她今天下午是否会来。 注意 whether与if引导宾语从句时的区别 区别 例句 whether引导的宾语从句可置于句首,而if无此功能。 Whether it is true or not, I can't tell. 这是真的还是假的,我说不上来。 whether引导的宾语从句可直接用于介词之后,而if无此功能。 That depends on whether we work hard. 那取决于我们是否努力。 whether 可与or not直接连用,而if一般不能。 Let me know whether or not you can come.让我知道你是否能来。 随堂训练 一．单项选择 1．（25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·月考）A report shows ________ teenagers need to devote more time ________ others. A．which; understanding B．whether; understanding C．that; to understand D．/; to understanding 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一份报告显示青少年需要投入更多时间理解他人。 考查宾语从句引导词和动词短语搭配。主句“A report shows”后接宾语从句，从句“teenagers need to devote more time to understanding others”为陈述事实，引导词“that”可省略。动词短语“devote time to”中“to”为介词，后需接动名词，因此“to understanding”正确。故选D。 2．（25-26八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Our English teacher hopes ________ hard at English, but sometimes we don’t listen to her. A．us to study B．us can study C．we can study D．we to study 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师希望我们能努力学习英语，但有时我们不听她的。 考查宾语从句。hope意为“希望”，用法主要有两种：“hope+宾语从句”和“hope to do sth.”。hope后接宾语从句时，从句中的主语要用主格，we是主格，us是宾格。故选C。 3．（24-25九年级上·山东滨州·期末）—What’s wrong with the dog? —We’re sure ________ something is wrong with it, but we doubt ________ the disease can kill it. A．if; whether B．that; that C．whether; if D．that; whether 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这只狗怎么了？——我们确信它出了什么问题，但我们怀疑这种病是否能杀死它。 考查宾语从句引导词的辨析。if是否；whether是否；that引导从句，无意义。根据“We’re sure...”可知引导词在从句中不充当任何成分且没有任何含义，所以用that引导宾语从句；根据“we doubt...”可知，此处是指我们怀疑这种病是否能杀死它，所以应用whether引导宾语从句。故选D。 4．（24-25九年级上·安徽蚌埠·期中）—How meaningful the trip is! I wonder ________ our school will hold it next year. —Of course we will. It’s our school’s tradition. A．when B．where C．whether D．how 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这次旅行多有意义啊！我想知道我们学校明年是否会举办它。——当然会。这是我们学校的传统。 考查宾语从句的连接词辨析。when什么时候；where在哪里；whether是否；how如何。根据“Of course we will.”可知，对方给出了肯定的回答，说明问句是在询问事件发生的可能性，即“是否”会举办，而非询问时间、地点或方式。wonder后接宾语从句，表示“想知道是否……”，应用whether引导。故选C。 5．（24-25八年级上·山东滨州·期末）He isn’t sure if it ________ next Sunday. If it ________, he won’t go camping. A．will rain; rainy B．rains; rains C．will rain; rains D．rain, rain 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他不确定下周日是否会下雨。如果下雨，他就不去露营了。 考查动词时态和条件状语从句。第一个空，根据“next Sunday”可知，此处是if引导的宾语从句，从句的动作还没有发生，所以用一般将来时，其结构为“will+动词原形”，即will rain；第二个空，根据语境可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，从句主语it是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用三单形式rains。综上，第一个空填will rain，第二个空填rains。故选C。 6．（2025·天津·模拟预测）—Do you know if we ________ a school leavers’ party? —I think if we ________ too many tasks next term, we will. A．will have; have B．will have; don’t have C．don’t have; won’t have D．will have; won’t have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道我们会不会举办毕业派对吗？——我觉得如果下学期我们没有太多任务的话，我们会举办的。 考查动词时态。根据“—Do you know if we...a school leavers’ party?  —I think if we...too many tasks next term, we will.”可知，第一空所在句是if引导的宾语从句，询问未来是否举办派对，需用一般将来时will have；第二空所在句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，结合“we will”可知从句表否定含义，需用don’t have。故选B。 7．（25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考）The tourists are discussing ________ Chengdu or Changsha is the best city ________ at this time of the year. A．whether; to visit B．if; to visit C．whether; to be visited D．it; to be visited 【答案】A 【详解】句意：游客们正在讨论成都和长沙哪个是每年这个时候最适合游览的城市。 考查连词和非谓语动词用法。whether是否；if是否；it它。根据“discussing…Chengdu or Changsha”可知，discuss后接“是否”时常用whether；“the best city…” 中，city与visit是主动关系，此处需要用动词不定式作后置定语，whether和to visit符合语境。故选A。 8．（25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考）—Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A．if the skirt looked nice on me B．what should I pay attention to C．that I should take some flowers D．whether I can order a taxi on the phone 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——凯特，我今晚要去参加一个派对。你能告诉我是否可以通过电话叫出租车吗？——乐意效劳，请稍等。 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you please tell me ...?”可知，此处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除B项；主句“Could you please tell me”表示委婉语气，且结合“I’m going to a party tonight.”可知，从句表示的时态应为现在或将来的时态，A项中“if”引导的宾语从句应用一般现在时，而不是一般过去时，故排除；C项语义不合——说话人并非要求对方“告诉我我应该带花”，故排除；D项为陈述语序，且时态为一般现在时，内容合理 (去派对可能需要叫出租车，符合稍等的情境)。故选D。 9．（25-26九年级上·福建福州·月考）—Excuse me, I wonder ________ to the Sun Cinema. —Yes. You can take the No. 36 bus. A．why is there a bus B．when there is a bus C．whether there is a bus 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我想知道是否有去太阳电影院的公交车。——有，你可以乘坐 36 路公交车。 考查宾语从句。why is there a bus为什么有公交车（语序错误，宾语从句需用陈述语序）；when there is a bus什么时候有公交车；whether there is a bus是否有公交车。根据“Yes. You can take the No. 36 bus.”可知，此处是询问是否有去太阳电影院的公交车。故选C。 10．（24-25九年级上·江西赣州·期末）—How long does it take to get to the airport? —Half an hour. But it’s foggy today. I am not sure ________ the highway will be closed soon. A．when B．whether C．why D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——到机场需要多长时间？——半小时。但今天有雾。我不确定高速公路是否很快会关闭。 考查宾语从句引导词。when何时；whether是否；why为什么；where哪里。根据“But it’s foggy today. I am not sure...the highway will be closed soon.”可知，说话者因雾天对“高速公路很快会关闭”这一事件表示不确定，强调“是否”会发生，应用“whether”表示疑问或不确定性。故选B。 二．完成句子 1．（25-26九年级上·广东广州·月考）医生建议我应该早点休息。 The doctor suggested to bed early. 【答案】 that I should go 【详解】“建议”译为“suggest”，后接“that”引导的宾语从句，“我”译为“I”，为人称代词主格；“应该”翻译为“should”，接动词原形；“早点休息”译为“go to bed early”，故填that；I；should；go。 2．（25-26九年级上·广东广州·月考）王老师也告诉了学生他们下周三要分享他们的视频。 Miss Wang also told the students their videos next Wednesday. 【答案】 that they would share 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空格处表示“他们要分享”，这句话是宾语从句，作told的宾语，用“that”引导；主句是一般过去时，从句表示过去将来的动作，用“would+动词原形”结构；“分享”用share，从句主语是they。故填that；they；would；share。 3．（25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）他回答说关于这起事故他什么都不知道。 He he knew nothing about the accident. 【答案】 replied that 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“回答说”。“回答说”译为“reply”，后跟宾语从句，从句意义完整，应用that引导。根据语境可知，时态为一般过去时，故动词用过去式“replied”。故填replied；that。 4．（24-25八年级上·广东广州·期中）我做了一个机器人，但发现它运转不了。 I made a robot, but I it didn’t work. 【答案】 found that 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少动词“发现”，find发现；因为后面是从句，所以用that引导的宾语从句。根据made可知，该句使用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，find的过去式为found。故填found；that。 5．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）最后，这个女孩发现她的宠物狗在丢失三天后回来了。 after being lost for three days. 【答案】At last, the girl found her pet dog had returned 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“最后，这个女孩发现她的宠物狗回来了”；at last“最后”，句首首字母大写；the girl“这个女孩”；find“发现”，此处表示过去的事情，句子时态为一般过去时，用found；her pet dog“她的宠物狗”；return“回来”，发生在“发现（found）”前，用过去完成时。故填At last, the girl found her pet dog had returned。 6．（2026九年级·河南·专题练习）比尔想知道明年他们是否会再吃到粽子。 Bill they’ll have zongzi again next year. 【答案】 wonders whether/if 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“想知道……是否”。“想知道”用动词“wonder”，此处用第三人称单数形式。“是否”可用“whether”或“if”引导宾语从句。故填wonders；whether/if。 7．（25-26九年级上·贵州安顺·期中）许多家长担心孩子们能否明智地使用人工智能。 Lots of parents worry kids can use AI wisely not. 【答案】 whether or 【详解】据中英文对照可知，此处缺“是否”，英文表达为whether...or not，故填whether；or。 8．（25-26九年级上·山东枣庄·期中）我有时琢磨他是否天生具有这样的能力。 Sometimes I wonder he is with such an ability. 【答案】 whether/if born 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一空需要表达“是否”的连词，引导宾语从句，使用if/whether；第二空固定搭配“be born with”表示“天生具有”，符合“天生具有这样的能力”的语境。故填whether/if；born。 9．（25-26九年级上·重庆·月考）杰克想知道我们外出之前雨是否会停。 Jack the rain will stop before we go out. 【答案】 wonders if/whether 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“想知道”和“是否”。wonder“想知道”，是动词，由语境可知此处时态为一般现在时，而主语Jack为第三人称单数，所以此处应用其第三人称单数形式；if/whether“是否”，是连词，引导宾语从句，故填wonders；if/whether。 10．（25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中）我常常怀疑发展我的爱好是否重要。 I often . 【答案】doubt whether it’s important to develop my hobbies 【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“怀疑发展我的爱好是否重要”，doubt“怀疑”，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用原形；whether“是否”，引导宾语从句；it’s+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……的”，important“重要的”；develop“发展”；my hobbies“我的爱好”，故填doubt whether it’s important to develop my hobbies。 写作精讲 本单元的话题是“探索自然”,要求学生根据所给的提示内容写一篇和探索自然有关的书面表达。该话题下常见的文章体裁是记叙文和说明文,通常涉及的细分话题有:①介绍某地的自然环境;②介绍某种动物或植物。 写作实例 请根据以下要点提示,写一篇介绍盐城湿地的英语文章。要点:1.盐城是江苏东部的一个城市,以其拥有的湿地(wetland)而出名; 2.最大湿地面积约45万公顷(hectare),是众多稀有鸟类的理想家园; 3.有许多昆虫和多种植物,它们为鸟儿提供了足够的食物; 4.许多鸟类在那儿生活,许多丹顶鹤全年待在那儿; 5.如今鸟的数量越来越少,我们应该……(适当发挥一两句)。 要求:1.必须包含上述要点,可自行发挥;2.词数不少于80。 审题指导 1.体裁:说明文。    2.时态:以一般现在时为主。    3.人称:以第三人称为主。 4.必备词句: （1）in the east of在……的东部; （2）be famous for因……而闻名; （3）have an area of拥有……的面积; （4）an ideal home一个理想的家园; （5）provide...with sth.为……提供某物; （6）all year round一年到头; （7）take action采取行动; （8）grow up长大,成长; （9）communicate with... 和……交流; （10）in the wild 在野外; （11）prevent...from doing sth. 阻止……做某事; （12）be harmful to... 对……有害; （13）millions of 数百万的 （14）If we don’t, it will be impossible to see many rare birds in the future. 如果我们不这样做,将来不可能再看到许多罕见的鸟类。 （15）If this is possible, it will help people use less plastic. 如果这是可能的,它会帮助人们使用更少的塑料。 （16）So far, our country has made great efforts in the environmental protection of the river. 到目前为止,我们国家在黄河的环境保护方面做了许多努力。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 　　Yancheng is a city in the east of Jiangsu Province. It is famous for its wetlands. The biggest wetland there has an area of about 450,000 hectares. It is an ideal home for many rare birds. 　　There are a lot of insects and many kinds of plants in the wetlands. They provide birds wit② enough food. There are lots of birds living in the wetlands. A lot of red-crowned cranes stay there all year round. Now the number of birds is getting smaller and smaller. We should take action to protect our wetlands. If we don’t, it will be impossible to see many rare birds in the future. 随堂训练 （1） 植物对人类、动物以及周围的环境都非常重要。假如你是李华,请你根据以下思维导图的提示,以“The Importance of Plants”为题,从三个方面谈论一下植物的重要性,呼吁大家爱护植物。 　要求:1.包含所有提示内容,可适当发挥;2.词数不少于80, 开头已给出,不计入总词数。 The Importance of Plants We all know plants are very important for humans, animals and the environment. Now, let me introduce the importance of plants to you. 【答案】 The Importance of Plants We all know plants are very important for humans, animals and the environment. Now, let me introduce the importance of plants to you. First of all, plants are important for people because they can meet our basic needs. We can get a lot of food from plants. There are some plants which can be made into medicine and clothing. They are also important for animals. Many animals live in the forest and they live on plants. For example, monkeys are a kind of animals that like to eat the fruit. Finally, plants are good for the environment. Trees and other plants help clean the air so that we can breathe the fresh air every day. They can also cover the soil to stop the wind from blowing the soil away. 　　In a word, plants are so important that we should protect them and try our best to plant more. （2） 你听说过“最孤独的鲸鱼”Alice的故事吗?请根据以下内容提示写一篇介绍Alice的文章。 内容提示:人们在1989年首次发现了鲸鱼Alice,它身长39英尺(foot)。人们很惊奇地发现Alice用不同于其他鲸鱼的频率“说话”(speak at a different frequency from...),因此没有其他鲸鱼能听到Alice“说话”,它找不到它的家人和朋友。Alice曾独自游过了太平洋。后来,Alice消失了。 写作要求:1.词数80左右;2.必须包含上述要点,可发挥想象。 【答案】 Have you heard about a whale named Alice? It is called the loneliest whale in the world. 　　Alice was 39 feet long. It was first discovered by people in 1989. People were surprised to discover that Alice spoke at a different frequency from other whales, so no other whales could hear Alice's voice. Therefore, Alice was lonely and had to live alone. It couldn’t find its family and friends. Alice was strong and it once swam across the Pacific Ocean by itself. 　　But one day, Alice disappeared and people couldn’t see it anymore. （3） 假如你是某国际学校自然探索社团的成员。该社团开展了以“Journey through nature”为题的征文活动。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇短文向本次征文活动投稿，叙述一次让你印象最深的户外活动，分享你的所见所闻。 提示： Where did you take the trip? ·on a small mountain Who went there with you? ·my family What did you do during the trip? ·climbed the mountain ·saw beautiful flowers and lovely butterflies ·... How did you feel? ·an amazing experience ·... What was the happiest moment? ·reached the top ·... 要求：1. 包含提示信息，可适当发挥；2. 语句通顺，语法正确，行文连贯，书写工整；3. 80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 I’m happy to share my favourite hiking experience with you. Last summer, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】  I’m happy to share my favourite hiking experience with you. Last summer, I went to a small mountain with my family. We started climbing early. Along the path, bright and colorful flowers bloomed, and lovely butterflies fluttered around us. We stopped to take some photos. When tired, we sat on a stone and shared snacks.      The happiest moment came when we finally reached the top. The fresh air blew gently, and we could see all the green hills far below. I felt so relaxed and proud of us. It was truly an amazing experience that I’ll never forget. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开篇点题，总体介绍旅行核心信息； 第二步，按时间顺序详细介绍旅行经历； 第三步，总结全文，表达感想。 [亮点词汇] ①stop to do停下来做某事   ②take photos拍照 ③be proud of 为……感到自豪 [高分句型] ①Along the path, bright and colorful flowers bloomed, and lovely butterflies fluttered around us.（并列句结构，用and连接两个并列谓语） ②It was truly an amazing experience that I’ll never forget.（that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 experience） （4） 为了传播环保理念，探索自然生灵奥秘，2025年大自然生活节 (Natural Life Festival) 将在净月森林动物园精彩绽放。现面向全体同学招募志愿者。假设你是李华，请根据招募要求写一封40词左右的自荐信。 招募要求： 1.你的特长和兴趣爱好； 2.懂得如何保护野生动物； 3.服务时间为8月份的每个周末。 写作要求：语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范。 Dear Sir, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Sir, My name is Li Hua. I am interested in volunteering for the Natural Life Festival. I love nature and animals, and I am good at communicating. I know how to protect wildlife, such as not feeding them and keeping habitats clean. I can help every weekend in August. Thank you. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇书信作文； ②时态：本文应使用“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：应注意题干给出的要点并适当补充，使文章内容充实。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图； 第二步，介绍自己的特长和兴趣爱好，优势以及能够服务的时间等情况。 [亮点词汇] ①be interested in对……感兴趣 ②such as例如 [高分句型] I love nature and animals, and I am good at communicating. （and连接的并列句） （5） 假设你是李华，你所在班级上周日组织了一次以“自然探索与环保行动”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据提示给你的英国好友Tom写一封英文邮件，谈谈当天的活动经历和感受。 要点：1.时间地点：上周日上午10点到下午4点，红树林自然保护区(Mangrove Nature Reserve)； 2.具体实践活动： ① 参观自然保护区； ② 参与植树活动； ③ 观察黑脸琵鹭 (black-faced spoonbill) 等珍稀鸟类； ④ …… (自行补充一点) 3.活动感受与收获。 要求： 1.要点齐全，可适当发挥； 2.条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范； 3.不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4.80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：ecosystem (生态环境), social practice(社会实践), rare (珍稀的) Dear Tom, How’s everything going? Last Sunday, our class ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Tom, How’s everything going? Last Sunday, our class organized a social practice activity with the theme of “Nature Exploration and Environmental Protection Action” at the Mangrove Nature Reserve from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. First, we visited the nature reserve, where we learned a lot about the local ecosystem. Then, we took part in a tree-planting activity to contribute to environmental protection. After that, we observed some rare birds like black-faced spoonbills. Besides, we also picked up the litter in the reserve to keep the environment clean. Through this activity, I not only got close to nature but also realized the importance of environmental protection. It was a really meaningful day. Best wishes, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇电子邮件； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图，引出写作内容； 第二步，具体介绍实践活动； 第三步，表达活动感受与收获。 [亮点词汇] ①learned a lot about 学习很多关于 ②took part in 参加 ③picked up the litter 捡垃圾 ④got close to nature 亲近自然 [高分句型] ①First, we visited the nature reserve, where we learned a lot about the local ecosystem. (定语从句) ②Through this activity, I not only got close to nature but also realized the importance of environmental protection. (not only...but also...并列结构) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $