专题09 八年级下册Unit3 What makes a great team？语法、写作篇-八年级英语新教材外研版

专题09 八年级下册Unit3 What makes a great team？语法、写作篇 情态动词should、must、can、need、have to与had better 　　情态动词本身有词义,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,不能独立作谓语,一般和实义动词原形一起构成谓语,并放在实义动词原形前。 情态动词及其用法 例句 should意为“应当”,表示建议或劝告,有“劝说”或“敦促”的含义,否定式为should not/shouldn't。 You should talk to your parents about your feelings. 你应该和你父母谈谈你的感受。 had better意为“最好”,表示劝告或建议,一般不用于疑问句中,否定式为had better not。 You had better not tell Oliver. 你最好不要告诉Oliver。 (1)can表示请求许可或给予许可,could也有此用法,语气比can更委婉;否定式cannot/can't表示“不能,不可以”,语气弱于must not。 (2)can/could均可表示能力,could是can的过去式,可以表示过去的能力。 一般情况下,以can开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用can,否定回答用can't。 —Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗? —Yes, you can. 是的,你可以。 —No, you can't. 不,你不可以。 Can you type?你会打字吗? When I was young, I could climb any tree in the forest. 年轻时,森林里的树我都能爬上去。 must表示“必须”,否定式must not/mustn't表示“不应该,禁止”,是强有力的劝告或命令。 由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't/don't have to,表示“不必,没有必要”。 All passengers must wear seat belts. 所有乘客都必须系安全带。 Cars must not park in front of the entrance. 车辆不得停在入口处。 —Must I clean the room this afternoon?我必须今天下午打扫房间吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。 —No, you needn't/don't have to. 不,你不必。 have to表示“不得不,必须”,否定式do not/don't have to表示“不必,没有必要”(=needn't)。 You don't have to worry about them any more. 你再也不必为他们发愁了。 need表示“必须,需要”,一般用于否定句和疑问句中,否定式need not/needn't表示“不需要,不必”。一般情况下,以need开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't。 —Need I put the umbrella outside? 我需要把雨伞放在外面吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须(放在外面)。 —No, you needn't. 不,你不必(放在外面)。 shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中时,表示征求对方的意见或提出建议。 Shall I answer the telephone for you? 要我替你接电话吗? Let's begin now, shall we? 咱们现在开始,好吗? 辨析must与have to 区别 例句 must侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务去做某事;have to侧重于客观需要,含有“不得不,被迫”之意。 You must be back before 10 o'clock.你必须在10点之前返回。(叮嘱或命令) You have to be back before 10 o'clock because the train is to leave at 10:05.你必须在10点之前返回,因为火车10:05开。(客观需要) must没有人称、时态和数的变化,而have to有。 The old man has to live alone because his son works in another city. 那位老人不得不独自生活,因为他的儿子在另一个城市工作。 注意need还可作行为动词,表示“需要”,有时态、人称和数的变化,常用于need to do sth结构中,用于否定句和疑问句中时需要借助助动词。 You don't need to stay here all the time. 你不必一直待在这里。 随堂训练 一．单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·山东滨州·期末）—Will you please stay here for the party? —Sorry, I ________. I’ll have to go to an important meeting. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．won’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——请你留下来参加聚会好吗？——对不起，我不能。我得去参加一个重要的会议。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；won’t不会。根据“I’ll have to go to an important meeting.”可知，因为要参加一个重要会议，所以不能留下来参加聚会，此处表示“不能”，用can’t。故选A。 2．（24-25八年级上·四川广元·期末）—What ________ I do when my parents don’t agree with me? —You ________ talk with them and let them know your thoughts. A．needn’t; should B．could; shouldn’t C．can; can’t D．should; can 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——当我的父母不同意我的想法时，我应该做什么？——你可以和他们谈谈，让他们知道你的想法。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不需要；should应该；could能；shouldn’t不应该；can能，可以；can’t不能。根据“What...I do when my parents don’t agree with me”可知，第一个空用于询问建议，应选用表示建议的情态动词；根据“talk with them and let them know your thoughts.”可知，第二个空用于给出建议，应选用表示建议或可能性的情态动词，结合选项可知，选项D符合语境。故选D。 3．（24-25八年级上·云南昭通·期末）Just like the weather, life ________ be sunny and beautiful all the time. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：就像天气一样，生活不可能一直是阳光灿烂而美好的。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能；mustn’t不得；needn’t不必；wouldn’t不会。根据题干描述可知，生活就像天气一样，不会总是晴朗，表示不可能性，因此用can’t。故选A。 4．（24-25八年级上·北京门头沟·期末）—Excuse me, sir. Can I go home now? 一No, you ________. Please clean the classroom first. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，先生。我现在可以回家吗？——不，你不能。请先打扫教室。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。对“Can I...?”的否定回答常用can’t表示不允许，符合语境。故选A。 5．（24-25八年级上·云南玉溪·期末）—________ you go shopping with me this afternoon? —Sure, I’d love to. A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你今天下午可以和我一起去购物吗？——当然，我很乐意。 考查情态动词辨析。Can能，可以；Should应该；Must必须；Need需要。根据答语“Sure, I’d love to.”（当然，我很乐意）可知，问句是表达一种礼貌的邀请或请求，而“Can”常用于此情境中表示“能否”或“愿意”，其他选项均强调义务或必要性，不符合语境。故选A。 6．（25-26八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Dad, must I finish my homework today? —No, you ________. You should go to bed now and finish it tomorrow. A．can’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我必须今天完成作业吗？——不，你不必。你现在应该去睡觉，明天再完成。 考查情态动词的用法。can’t不能；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止。must表示“必须”时，其引导的一般疑问句的否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to，表示“不必”，根据答语“You should go to bed now and finish it tomorrow.”可知，爸爸建议孩子不必今天完成作业，而是明天再完成，因此needn’t“不必”，符合语境。故选B。 7．（24-25八年级上·云南普洱·期末）People ________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes. A．can B．may C．must D．might 【答案】C 【详解】句意：人们骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。 考查情态动词辨析。can能够；may可能，可以；must必须；might可能。根据交通规则常识，戴头盔是强制性要求，表示义务和必要性。故选C。 8．（24-25八年级上·云南西双版纳·期末）—________ we take part in the singing activity? —No, you ________. You can decide by yourselves. A．Must, must B．Should, can C．Must, needn’t D．Must, can’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们必须参加歌唱活动吗？——不，你们不必。你们可以自己决定。 考查情态动词must的提问及否定回答。Must必须；Should应该；can能；needn’t不必；can’t不能。根据“No, you... You can decide by yourselves.”可知，此处表示不必参加活动，用must提问，否定回答用needn’t。故选C。 9．（25-26八年级上·江苏南京·期末）You _________ return the book to the library by Friday, or you _________ pay a fine. A．must; have to B．can; must C．may; will D．should; might 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你必须在星期五之前把书归还给图书馆，否则你将不得不支付罚款。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须，强调主观上的必要性；have to不得不，强调客观上的必要性；can能，可以；may可以，可能；will将会；should应该；might可能。根据“return the book to the library by Friday”可知，这里表示图书馆的规定：周五前还书是“必须”（主观必要性）履行的义务，否则后果是“必须”（客观结果）支付罚款。故选A。 10．（24-25八年级上·安徽合肥·期末）—Can we play games here? —Better not. If you ________, please go to the open space there. A．must B．can C．may D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们可以在这里玩游戏吗？——最好不要。如果你一定要玩，请到那边的空地去。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须，一定；can可以，能够；may可能，可以；should应该。根据“Better not.”以及“please go to the open space there.”可知，此处表达的是如果一定要玩，就去那边的空地，用must符合语境。故选A。 11．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）—________ we go to the concert this weekend? —Good idea! I really want to enjoy the music. A．Shall B．Must C．Need D．Should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个周末我们去听音乐会好吗？——好主意！我真的很想欣赏音乐。 考查情态动词辨析。Shall用于第一人称疑问句，表示提议或征求意见；Must必须；Need需要；Should应该。根据答语“Good idea!”可知，问句是提出建议并征求对方意见，且主语为we，应用Shall。故选A。 12．（25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）—Mum, it’s a fine day today. ________ we go on a picnic? —Good idea. A．Shall B．Must C．Should D．Need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天天气很好。我们去野餐好吗？——好主意。 考查情态动词辨析。Shall将，会，常与第一人称连用，表示提出建议；Must必须；Should应该；Need需要。根据语境可知，此处是在向妈妈提出建议，表示“我们去野餐好吗”，所以应该用shall。故选A。 13．（24-25八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）—When will your flight arrive? I’ll pick you up at the airport. —Thank you, but you ________. I can take a taxi. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的航班什么时候到？我去机场接你。——谢谢你，但你不必。我可以坐出租车。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；don’t have to不必。根据“I’ll pick you up at the airport”以及“I can take a taxi.”可知对方不必来接自己，自己可以坐出租车。故选D。 14．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）—Must we arrive at the airport two hours earlier? —No, ________. A．you mustn’t B．you don’t have to C．you must D．you have to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们必须提前两小时到达机场吗？——不，你不必。 考查情态动词用法。Must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用“No, you don’t have to”或“No, you needn’t”，表示“不必”。故选B。 15．（23-24八年级上·四川广元·期末）—Mom, ________ you go shopping with me this Sunday? —I’m afraid not. I ________ look after your grandma. You can go with your sister. A．can; have to B．can; can C．must; have to D．must; can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，这周日可以和我一起去购物吗？——我恐怕不能。我必须照顾你奶奶。你可以和你姐姐一起去。 考查情态动词辨析。can能，表示请求允许；have to不得不，必须，侧重于客观需要；must必须。根据“...you go shopping with me this Sunday”可知，第一空提出请求，应选填can；根据“I’m afraid not. I...look after your grandma.”可知，妈妈拒绝是因为有客观上必须要做的事情，第二空选填have to。故选A。 16．（24-25八年级下·甘肃金昌·期末）The alarm went off. You’d better ________ up and go to school. A．got B．get C．to get D．getting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：闹钟响了。你最好起床去上学。 考查固定搭配。根据“You’d better...”可知，“had better do sth.”是固定用法，意为“最好做某事”，所以此处用动词原形get。故选B。 17．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期末）—We are free this evening. Shall we go out for a walk? —It’s foggy. We’d better ________. Why ________ a film at home? A．not walk; not watch B．not to walk; not to watch C．not to walk; not watch D．not walk; not to watch 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们今晚有空。我们出去散步好吗？——有雾，我们最好不要走路。为什么不在家里看电影呢？ 考查非谓语动词。had better not do sth“最好不要做某事”；why not do sth“为什么不做某事”。故选A。 18．（24-25八年级上·上海崇明·期末）You’d better ________ out at night alone. It is dangerous. A．go B．to go C．not go D．not to go 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你最好不要独自在夜晚外出。这很危险。 考查情态动词的用法。had better“最好”，情态动词，后接动词原形，其否定形式为had better not do sth.“最好不要做某事”。根据“It is dangerous.”可知，此处表示最好不要独自在夜晚外出。故选C。 19．（24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末）—Tom, you look tired. You had better ________ up late at night. —Yes, I ________ go to bed earlier. I’ll make sure to get enough sleep tonight. A．not to stay; must B．not staying; can C．not stay; should D．to not stay; need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Tom，你看起来很累。你最好晚上不要熬夜。——是的，我应该早点睡觉。我将确保今晚有足够的睡眠。 考查动词用法及情态动词用法。had better not do sth.意为“最好不要做某事”，固定用法，故第一个空填not stay；根据“...go to bed earlier.”可知，我“应该”早点睡觉，表建议。故第二个空填should。故选C。 20．（24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末）You ________ her if she ________ you to do so. A．had better not to call; doesn’t allow B．had better not call; won’t allow C．had better not to call; can’t allow D．had better not call; doesn’t allow 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果她不允许，你最好不要给她打电话。 考查动词短语和时态。had better not do sth“最好不要做某事”，第一个空填had better not call，排除选项A和C；此句为if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”。第二个空位于从句，时态为一般现在时，空处位于第三人称单数she后，用三单形式的doesn’t allow。故选D。 21．（24-25八年级上·安徽淮北·期末）—Must I stay here and look after the little dog? —No, you ________. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我必须待在这儿照顾这只小狗吗？——不，你不必。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。以“Must”开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用“No, 主语 + needn’t”，表示“不必”，所以此处应该用needn’t。故选B。 22．（24-25八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—Must I return the books the day after tomorrow? —No, you ________. You can ________ them for 15 days. A．mustn’t; keep B．needn’t; borrow C．needn’t; keep D．mustn’t; borrow 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我必须后天还书吗？——不，你不必。你可以借15天。 考查情态动词和动词辨析。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；keep保留、保存；borrow借入。根据“Must I ...”可知，否定回答应用“needn’t”表示“不必”；“for 15 days”表示时间段，需搭配延续性动词，“borrow”是短暂性动词，“keep”是延续性动词，此处“保留15天”即“借15天”。故选C。 二．语法填空 （2025八年级·浙江·专题练习）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。 Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province. It lies in 1 north of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He 2 (give) it the name Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance. Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in 3 (build) their ancient capitals. Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China, is a good example. It 4 (go) around the city and is an important cultural site. In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 (large) bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time. While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best 8 (know) as a center for software research, development and services. Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other 9 (city). Xi’an is a city always remaking 10 (it) and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past. 【答案】1．the 2．gave 3．building 4．goes 5．largest 6．but 7．with 8．known 9．cities 10．itself 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了西安的历史地位、文化古迹以及在现代作为软件研究等中心的重要性，展现了这座城市在传承与发展中的独特魅力。 1．句意：它位于中国的北方。in the north of是固定搭配，意为“在……的北方” ，表示方位时，north前要加定冠词the。故填the。 2．句意：他给它取名为长安。本文讲述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，give的过去式是gave。故填gave。 3．句意：韩国和日本在建造它们古代都城时以西安为榜样。in是介词，后接动词-ing形式，build的-ing形式是building。故填building。 4．句意：它环绕着这座城市，是一处重要的文化遗址。本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词go要用第三人称单数形式goes。故填goes。 5．句意：西安中心有钟楼——中国现存最大的钟楼。根据空前的定冠词the和“in China”可知，这里表示“最大的”，用large的最高级largest。故填largest。 6．句意：这口钟最初被设计为紧急警报以警示危险，但它经常被用来告知人们时间。前后句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 7．句意：虽然西安是一座历史悠久的城市，但它也是现代世界的重要组成部分。with表示“具有，带有”，with a long history意为“有着悠久的历史”，作后置定语修饰city。故填with。 8．句意：它作为软件研究、开发和服务中心最为人所知。be known as是固定搭配，意为“作为……而闻名”。故填known。 9．句意：从历史上看，西安一直是一座在艺术、工业和商业方面领先于许多其他城市的城市。other后接可数名词复数，city的复数形式是cities。故填cities。 10．句意：西安是一座不断重塑自我并展望未来的城市，同时保留着过去的精华。remake的宾语与主语Xi’an指同一事物，所以用反身代词itself。故填itself。 写作精讲 　本单元的话题是“团队合作”,要求学生用所学的单词、短语和句型写一篇以团队合作为话题的书面表达。该话题下常见的写作体裁有记叙文、议论文等,通常涉及的具体内容有:描述你对团队合作的看法;描述一次团队合作的经历(此时的时态多用一般过去时或过去进行时)。 写作实例 　　一个团队的力量远远大于一个人的力量。合作是团队的根基,是团队成功的关键。某英文网站正在开展以“团队合作”为主题的征文活动,假如你是李华,请用英文写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你和别人合作做过什么事情,以及你的感受。 　　提示问题:•What do you think of teamwork?•What did you do with others? •How did you feel? 要求:1.词数不少于80;2.必须包含上述要点,可适当发挥。 审题指导 1.体裁:记叙文。    2.时态:以一般过去时为主。    3.人称:以第一人称为主。 4.必备词句: （1）the key to success成功的关键; （2）team members队员; （3）in the end最后,终于; （4）with the help of... 在……的帮助下; （5）pay more attention to... 更关注……; （6）the next day第二天; （7）get the chance to do sth.得到做某事的机会　 （8）prepare for...为……做准备　 （9）dream of梦想 （10）give up放弃　 （11）a feeling of satisfaction一种满足感　 （12）take part in参加　 （13）try one’s best尽某人最大的努力　 （14）Although all team members played well, we lost the first match in the end. 尽管所有的队员都踢得很好,但我们最终输掉了第一场比赛。 （15）Also, when I had problems, my teammate was always there to support and help me.而且,当我遇到难题的时候,我的队友总是支持我和帮助我。 （16）The important thing was to pull together and get better together. 重要的是要齐心协力一起变得更好。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 I think teamwork is very important in our life. A team is stronger than a person. Working with others perfectly is the key to success. Last year I was a member of our school football team. One day, we had a football match against another school. Although all team members played well, we lost the first match in the end. We all felt disappointed, but we didn’t know why we lost the match. Our coach said that we didn’t know how to work together. With the help of our coach, we paid more attention to teamwork. The next day, we won the second match. 　　Through this experience I learned something important. I’ve realized that teamwork helps me do things more effectively. 随堂训练 （1） 　　一个人可以走得很快,但一群人可以走得更远。下图用蚂蚁的故事展示了团队合作的重要性。 写作提示:1.讲述图中所展示的故事,合理补充第四幅图的内容; 2.谈谈你从故事中得到的启示。 要求:1.必须包含图中的所有内容;2.词数不少于80。 【答案】 This picture shows an interesting story. One day, a little ant went out because he was hungry and wanted to look for food. He was excited when he saw a banana in front of him. He wanted to pull the banana back home, but the banana was so heavy that he couldn’t move it at all. At this time, three ants were passing by. The ant asked them for help and one of the ants agreed. As a result, the two ants lifted up the banana and took it back. The ant said thanks to his partner and they shared the banana together. 　　From the story I’ve learned something meaningful. I’ve realized that teamwork is very important and it can help you achieve your goal more easily. （2） 假如你校英语俱乐部正在开展以“Enjoy Teamwork”为主题的演讲比赛，你准备参加。请你根据所给的思维导图，用英语写一篇演讲稿，分享你的一次团队活动经历，为比赛做准备。 要求：1.演讲稿应包含以上要点提示，可适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现真实的学校、班级、姓名等信息； 3.词数不少于80，演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Enjoy Teamwork Hello, everyone! Thanks for listening! 【答案】 Enjoy Teamwork Hello, everyone! Today, I’m going to tell you about a basketball game we had last month with Class 2 in our school. In the first half of the game, I wanted to be the best player, so I didn’t pass the ball to my teammates. But we were losing! Then, our teacher said, “It’s a team game, not just about one player.” So in the second half I started passing the ball, and we played as a team. In the end, we won the game! From the experience, I learned that teamwork is very important. Thanks for listening! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇讲稿； ②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主； ③提示：写作内容提示已给出，考生要注意不要遗漏思维导图中的信息，并且要在内容提示的基础上适当发挥，让文章内容更加丰满。 [写作步骤] 第一步，问好，直接引出自己参加过的篮球比赛的时间、地点； 第二步，具体介绍自己在这次比赛中如何完成团队合作的； 第三步，书写结语，表达感受。 [亮点词汇] ①tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于…… ②pass sth to sb 把某物传递给某人 ③in the end 在最后 [高分句型] ①Today, I’m going to tell you about a basketball game we had last month with Class 2 in our school. (省略that的定语从句) ②From the experience, I learned that teamwork is very important. (that引导的宾语从句) （3） 善于合作是一种重要能力，你校英文周刊以“Work Together, Enjoy Teamwork”为主题向同学们征稿，请你写一篇短文，介绍与他人合作的一次经历并谈谈你的感受。内容包括： 1. 合作的活动名称（如打扫教室，或参加比赛等）； 2. 合作的过程与结果； 3. 你的感受。 注意： 1. 词数为80 左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 参考词汇： take part in a ball match参加球类比赛；clean the classroom打扫教室；do social practice参加社会实践；work with与……合作；team spirit团队精神；make an effort to努力去…… It is very important to work with others as a team. I would like to share one of my experiences with you. 【答案】 It is very important to work with others as a team. I would like to share one of my experiences with you. Last month, our class took part in a basketball match. At first, we argued about strategies. But then we divided tasks: some focused on offense while others defended. During practice, we encouraged each other and adjusted our plan. Finally, we won third place. From this experience, I learned that team spirit means respecting different ideas and working toward the same goal. When everyone makes an effort to cooperate, even small steps can lead to big success. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：一般现在时与一般过去时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点，并适当添加细节，突出重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍与他人合作的一次经历； 第二步，分享你的感受。 [亮点词汇] ①took part in参加 ②argued about争论 ③encouraged鼓励 [高分句型] ①From this experience, I learned that team spirit means respecting different ideas and working toward the same goal.（宾语从句） ②When everyone makes an effort to cooperate, even small steps can lead to big success.（时间状语从句） （4） 青少年在团队合作中学习如何与他人沟通，协作和解决问题，培养责任感与团队精神，这对青少年的个人发展和未来成功至关重要。某青少年英语杂志正在征集主题为“Teamwork makes the dream work”的文章，请你用英语写一篇相关短文。 内容包括： · your opinion about good teammates · one of your stories about teamwork · the advantaged of teamwork Word Bank teammate n.队友 responsibility n. 责任 cooperate v. 合作 要求： 1. 词数不少于 80词； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名, 校名； 3. 参考词汇仅供参考。 【答案】 Good teammates should be responsible, kind, and ready to help each other. They need to be good at talking to others and listening to different ideas. A good team is like a family—everyone works together and supports each other. Last term, we had a school cleaning. At first, we didn’t know how to divide the work. Some wanted to clean windows; others preferred to sweep floors. Our teacher told us to share ideas and make a plan. We decided to do what we were good at. I organized tools, while my classmate cleaned different areas. When someone felt tired, others helped. Everyone tried their best and we did a great job finally. Teamwork teaches us to solve problems and share responsibilities. It makes tasks easier and faster. Most importantly, it helps us make friends and learn from each other. Remember, success comes when we work together. 【详解】[总体分析] 题材：本文是一篇议论文，为材料作文。 时态：一般现在时和一般过去时。 提示：写作要点明确给出，需涵盖对优秀队友的看法、团队合作故事、团队合作的优势，注意要点齐全，可适当添加细节丰富内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图：开篇点明主题。 第二步，具体阐述写作内容： （1）优秀队友品质：从责任心、友善、善于沟通和倾听等方面，说明优秀队友应具备的特质。 （2）团队合作故事：讲述学校大扫除时，从最初不知如何分工，到在老师引导下，成员发挥各自长处、互相帮助，最终出色完成任务的过程。 （3）团队合作优势：从解决问题、分担责任、提高效率、交友和互相学习等角度论述。 第三步，书写结语：可总结团队合作对实现梦想的推动作用，强化“Teamwork makes the dream work”主题，呼吁大家重视团队合作。 [亮点词汇] ①responsible有责任心的 ②cooperate合作 ③divide the work分工 ④share ideas分享想法 ⑤make a plan制定计划 ⑥try one’s best尽某人最大努力 [高分句型] ①Good teammates should be responsible, kind, and ready to help each other.（运用“be+形容词+to do sth.”结构） ②Remember, success comes when we work together.（when引导的时间状语从句） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 八年级下册Unit3 What makes a great team？语法、写作篇 情态动词should、must、can、need、have to与had better 　　情态动词本身有词义,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,不能独立作谓语,一般和实义动词原形一起构成谓语,并放在实义动词原形前。 情态动词及其用法 例句 should意为“应当”,表示建议或劝告,有“劝说”或“敦促”的含义,否定式为should not/shouldn't。 You should talk to your parents about your feelings. 你应该和你父母谈谈你的感受。 had better意为“最好”,表示劝告或建议,一般不用于疑问句中,否定式为had better not。 You had better not tell Oliver. 你最好不要告诉Oliver。 (1)can表示请求许可或给予许可,could也有此用法,语气比can更委婉;否定式cannot/can't表示“不能,不可以”,语气弱于must not。 (2)can/could均可表示能力,could是can的过去式,可以表示过去的能力。 一般情况下,以can开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用can,否定回答用can't。 —Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗? —Yes, you can. 是的,你可以。 —No, you can't. 不,你不可以。 Can you type?你会打字吗? When I was young, I could climb any tree in the forest. 年轻时,森林里的树我都能爬上去。 must表示“必须”,否定式must not/mustn't表示“不应该,禁止”,是强有力的劝告或命令。 由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't/don't have to,表示“不必,没有必要”。 All passengers must wear seat belts. 所有乘客都必须系安全带。 Cars must not park in front of the entrance. 车辆不得停在入口处。 —Must I clean the room this afternoon?我必须今天下午打扫房间吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。 —No, you needn't/don't have to. 不,你不必。 have to表示“不得不,必须”,否定式do not/don't have to表示“不必,没有必要”(=needn't)。 You don't have to worry about them any more. 你再也不必为他们发愁了。 need表示“必须,需要”,一般用于否定句和疑问句中,否定式need not/needn't表示“不需要,不必”。一般情况下,以need开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't。 —Need I put the umbrella outside? 我需要把雨伞放在外面吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须(放在外面)。 —No, you needn't. 不,你不必(放在外面)。 shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中时,表示征求对方的意见或提出建议。 Shall I answer the telephone for you? 要我替你接电话吗? Let's begin now, shall we? 咱们现在开始,好吗? 辨析must与have to 区别 例句 must侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务去做某事;have to侧重于客观需要,含有“不得不,被迫”之意。 You must be back before 10 o'clock.你必须在10点之前返回。(叮嘱或命令) You have to be back before 10 o'clock because the train is to leave at 10:05.你必须在10点之前返回,因为火车10:05开。(客观需要) must没有人称、时态和数的变化,而have to有。 The old man has to live alone because his son works in another city. 那位老人不得不独自生活,因为他的儿子在另一个城市工作。 注意need还可作行为动词,表示“需要”,有时态、人称和数的变化,常用于need to do sth结构中,用于否定句和疑问句中时需要借助助动词。 You don't need to stay here all the time. 你不必一直待在这里。 随堂训练 一．单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·山东滨州·期末）—Will you please stay here for the party? —Sorry, I ________. I’ll have to go to an important meeting. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．won’t 2．（24-25八年级上·四川广元·期末）—What ________ I do when my parents don’t agree with me? —You ________ talk with them and let them know your thoughts. A．needn’t; should B．could; shouldn’t C．can; can’t D．should; can 3．（24-25八年级上·云南昭通·期末）Just like the weather, life ________ be sunny and beautiful all the time. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’t 4．（24-25八年级上·北京门头沟·期末）—Excuse me, sir. Can I go home now? 一No, you ________. Please clean the classroom first. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 5．（24-25八年级上·云南玉溪·期末）—________ you go shopping with me this afternoon? —Sure, I’d love to. A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Need 6．（25-26八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Dad, must I finish my homework today? —No, you ________. You should go to bed now and finish it tomorrow. A．can’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 7．（24-25八年级上·云南普洱·期末）People ________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes. A．can B．may C．must D．might 8．（24-25八年级上·云南西双版纳·期末）—________ we take part in the singing activity? —No, you ________. You can decide by yourselves. A．Must, must B．Should, can C．Must, needn’t D．Must, can’t 9．（25-26八年级上·江苏南京·期末）You _________ return the book to the library by Friday, or you _________ pay a fine. A．must; have to B．can; must C．may; will D．should; might 10．（24-25八年级上·安徽合肥·期末）—Can we play games here? —Better not. If you ________, please go to the open space there. A．must B．can C．may D．should 11．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）—________ we go to the concert this weekend? —Good idea! I really want to enjoy the music. A．Shall B．Must C．Need D．Should 12．（25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）—Mum, it’s a fine day today. ________ we go on a picnic? —Good idea. A．Shall B．Must C．Should D．Need 13．（24-25八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）—When will your flight arrive? I’ll pick you up at the airport. —Thank you, but you ________. I can take a taxi. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 14．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）—Must we arrive at the airport two hours earlier? —No, ________. A．you mustn’t B．you don’t have to C．you must D．you have to 15．（23-24八年级上·四川广元·期末）—Mom, ________ you go shopping with me this Sunday? —I’m afraid not. I ________ look after your grandma. You can go with your sister. A．can; have to B．can; can C．must; have to D．must; can 16．（24-25八年级下·甘肃金昌·期末）The alarm went off. You’d better ________ up and go to school. A．got B．get C．to get D．getting 17．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期末）—We are free this evening. Shall we go out for a walk? —It’s foggy. We’d better ________. Why ________ a film at home? A．not walk; not watch B．not to walk; not to watch C．not to walk; not watch D．not walk; not to watch 18．（24-25八年级上·上海崇明·期末）You’d better ________ out at night alone. It is dangerous. A．go B．to go C．not go D．not to go 19．（24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末）—Tom, you look tired. You had better ________ up late at night. —Yes, I ________ go to bed earlier. I’ll make sure to get enough sleep tonight. A．not to stay; must B．not staying; can C．not stay; should D．to not stay; need 20．（24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末）You ________ her if she ________ you to do so. A．had better not to call; doesn’t allow B．had better not call; won’t allow C．had better not to call; can’t allow D．had better not call; doesn’t allow 21．（24-25八年级上·安徽淮北·期末）—Must I stay here and look after the little dog? —No, you ________. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 22．（24-25八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—Must I return the books the day after tomorrow? —No, you ________. You can ________ them for 15 days. A．mustn’t; keep B．needn’t; borrow C．needn’t; keep D．mustn’t; borrow 二．语法填空 （2025八年级·浙江·专题练习）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。 Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province. It lies in 1 north of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He 2 (give) it the name Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance. Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in 3 (build) their ancient capitals. Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China, is a good example. It 4 (go) around the city and is an important cultural site. In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 (large) bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time. While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best 8 (know) as a center for software research, development and services. Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other 9 (city). Xi’an is a city always remaking 10 (it) and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past. 写作精讲 　本单元的话题是“团队合作”,要求学生用所学的单词、短语和句型写一篇以团队合作为话题的书面表达。该话题下常见的写作体裁有记叙文、议论文等,通常涉及的具体内容有:描述你对团队合作的看法;描述一次团队合作的经历(此时的时态多用一般过去时或过去进行时)。 写作实例 　　一个团队的力量远远大于一个人的力量。合作是团队的根基,是团队成功的关键。某英文网站正在开展以“团队合作”为主题的征文活动,假如你是李华,请用英文写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你和别人合作做过什么事情,以及你的感受。 　　提示问题:•What do you think of teamwork?•What did you do with others? •How did you feel? 要求:1.词数不少于80;2.必须包含上述要点,可适当发挥。 审题指导 1.体裁:记叙文。    2.时态:以一般过去时为主。    3.人称:以第一人称为主。 4.必备词句: （1）the key to success成功的关键; （2）team members队员; （3）in the end最后,终于; （4）with the help of... 在……的帮助下; （5）pay more attention to... 更关注……; （6）the next day第二天; （7）get the chance to do sth.得到做某事的机会　 （8）prepare for...为……做准备　 （9）dream of梦想 （10）give up放弃　 （11）a feeling of satisfaction一种满足感　 （12）take part in参加　 （13）try one’s best尽某人最大的努力　 （14）Although all team members played well, we lost the first match in the end. 尽管所有的队员都踢得很好,但我们最终输掉了第一场比赛。 （15）Also, when I had problems, my teammate was always there to support and help me.而且,当我遇到难题的时候,我的队友总是支持我和帮助我。 （16）The important thing was to pull together and get better together. 重要的是要齐心协力一起变得更好。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 I think teamwork is very important in our life. A team is stronger than a person. Working with others perfectly is the key to success. Last year I was a member of our school football team. One day, we had a football match against another school. Although all team members played well, we lost the first match in the end. We all felt disappointed, but we didn’t know why we lost the match. Our coach said that we didn’t know how to work together. With the help of our coach, we paid more attention to teamwork. The next day, we won the second match. 　　Through this experience I learned something important. I’ve realized that teamwork helps me do things more effectively. 随堂训练 （1） 　　一个人可以走得很快,但一群人可以走得更远。下图用蚂蚁的故事展示了团队合作的重要性。 写作提示:1.讲述图中所展示的故事,合理补充第四幅图的内容; 2.谈谈你从故事中得到的启示。 要求:1.必须包含图中的所有内容;2.词数不少于80。 （2） 假如你校英语俱乐部正在开展以“Enjoy Teamwork”为主题的演讲比赛，你准备参加。请你根据所给的思维导图，用英语写一篇演讲稿，分享你的一次团队活动经历，为比赛做准备。 要求：1.演讲稿应包含以上要点提示，可适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现真实的学校、班级、姓名等信息； 3.词数不少于80，演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Enjoy Teamwork Hello, everyone! Thanks for listening! （3） 善于合作是一种重要能力，你校英文周刊以“Work Together, Enjoy Teamwork”为主题向同学们征稿，请你写一篇短文，介绍与他人合作的一次经历并谈谈你的感受。内容包括： 1. 合作的活动名称（如打扫教室，或参加比赛等）； 2. 合作的过程与结果； 3. 你的感受。 注意： 1. 词数为80 左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 参考词汇： take part in a ball match参加球类比赛；clean the classroom打扫教室；do social practice参加社会实践；work with与……合作；team spirit团队精神；make an effort to努力去…… It is very important to work with others as a team. I would like to share one of my experiences with you. （4） 青少年在团队合作中学习如何与他人沟通，协作和解决问题，培养责任感与团队精神，这对青少年的个人发展和未来成功至关重要。某青少年英语杂志正在征集主题为“Teamwork makes the dream work”的文章，请你用英语写一篇相关短文。 内容包括： · your opinion about good teammates · one of your stories about teamwork · the advantaged of teamwork Word Bank teammate n.队友 responsibility n. 责任 cooperate v. 合作 要求： 1. 词数不少于 80词； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名, 校名； 3. 参考词汇仅供参考。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $