Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-(配套教参)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册(人教版)

Unit 4 Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures

过去分词作定语和宾语补足语

一、过去分词作定语

1．作定语时的位置

(1)前置定语

一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。

I found a broken cup on the floor.

我发现地板上有一只打破的杯子。

I found it hard to understand her spoken English.

我发现很难理解她的英语口语。

(2)后置定语

过去分词(短语)作定语时，往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。

The computer center opened last year is very popular among the students in the school.

＝The computer center which was opened last year is very popular among the students in the school.

去年开放的计算机中心很受这个学校学生的欢迎。

His novels loved by many readers are well worth reading.

＝His novels which are loved by many readers are well worth reading.

他的小说深受读者喜爱，很值得一读。

(3)某些过去分词已成为形容词，这类形容词多用来表示人物的心理特征或感情变化。常见的有moved、interested、disappointed、shocked、puzzled等。

From his disappointed look, I knew he didn't pass the exam.

从他失望的表情来看，我知道他没有通过考试。

[即时训练1]　单句语法填空

①I'm writing to invite you to join us in seeing a film called (call) My people, My country.

②Last week, I attended the opening ceremony designed (design) for Senior Three students in our school.

③Tsinghua University，founded (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

④Most of the artists invited (invite) to the party were from South Africa.

⑤Anyone interested (interest) in model airplanes and the knowledge of space is warmly welcomed.

2．作定语时的意义

(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，且该动作已经完成。

We are trying to repair the damaged houses for the villagers.

我们正努力为村民们修复受损的房屋。

The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.

会议上提出的计划将很快被执行。

(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。

The ground is covered with the fallen leaves in autumn.

秋天，地上覆盖着落叶。

The risen sun offers light and heat necessary for life on the earth.

升起的太阳为地球上的生命提供了必需的光和热。

3．过去分词与动词­ing形式作定语时的区别

(1)语态上不同：动词­ing形式表示主动意义，过去分词多表示被动意义。

The young man playing the piano on stage is from Shanghai Conservatory of Music.

在台上弹钢琴的那个年轻人来自上海音乐学院。

The question discussed at the meeting yesterday was of great importance.

昨天会议上讨论过的那个问题很重要。

(2)时间关系上不同：动词­ing形式表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词表示已经完成的动作。

On the other hand, I hope to broaden my horizons in this developed country.

另一方面，我希望在这个发达国家拓宽我的视野。

As is known to us, China is a developing country.

众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。

4．过去分词、动词­ing形式的被动形式与动词不定式的被动形式作定语时的区别

去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。

The building being built now is our classroom building.

现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。

The building to be built next month is our classroom building.

下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。

[即时训练2]　单句语法填空

①Polluted (pollute) air and water are harmful to people's health.

②The man walking (walk) around the playground is my father.

③There are still many problems to be solved (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the moon.

二、过去分词作宾语补足语

1．过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep、leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。

He passed away，leaving his works unfinished.

他去世了，留下他的著作尚未完成。

You should keep me informed of the result of the exam.

你应该告知我考试结果。

2．过去分词用在使役动词have、get和make的后面作宾语补足语。