Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-(配套教参)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册(人教版)

本讲义聚焦英国历史主题的阅读理解核心知识点，系统梳理从文本主旨、段落匹配到过渡衔接句分析、复合结构解析的脉络，通过核心词汇（如puzzle, break away）的讲练和重点句型（如have sth done, make+宾语+宾补）的应用，构建从语篇理解到语言技能的学习支架。 该资料特色在于融合语篇分析与语言训练，通过段落匹配和过渡句分析培养语篇逻辑思维（思维品质），核心词汇的“经典佳句+即时训练”模式提升语言应用能力（语言能力），重点句型的句式解析与练习强化语法应用（学习能力）。课中辅助教师开展深度语篇教学，课后助力学生巩固词汇句型，有效查漏补缺。

Unit 4 Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking 1．What's the main idea of the text? A．The history of the United Kingdom. B．The geography of the United Kingdom. C．The politics of the United Kingdom. D．The climate of the United Kingdom. 答案　A 2．Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1 　 A．The four countries of the UK. Para.2 B．How the UK came into being. Para.3 　 C．The four groups of people in the history. Para.4 D．Introduce the topic to the readers. Para.5 　 E．The history and modern culture make the UK fascinating. 答案　DBACE Read the text on Page 40 carefully and then choose the best answers. 1．How do many people feel when they see the four names? A．Satisfied. B．Confused. C．Disappointed. D．Curious. 2．In which aspect do the four countries have differences? A．Currency. B．Military defence. C．Education system. D．National flag. 3．Why does the English language have so many French words? A．Because of the influence of the Romans. B．Because of the influence of the Anglo­Saxons. C.Because of the influence of the Vikings. D．Because of the influence of the Normans. 4．What's the author's attitude towards studying the history of the United Kingdom? A．Neutral. B．Indifferent. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful. 答案　1－4　BCDC 1．在课文中找出过渡衔接的句子 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some differences. For example, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup！(使用了“as well as, also, even”，语言连贯，过渡自然，使句子层次清晰，衔接紧密；且最后一句用了感叹号，表达了强烈的感情色彩。) 2．巧用复合结构 ①Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. ②If you keep your eyes open，you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. (句①使用了“make/keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构，这些句式的运用丰富了文章的内容，也极大地增强了文章的可读性。) 1．Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. [句式分析]　 [自主翻译]　英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方，这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。 2．The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. [句式分析]　 [自主翻译]　以首都伦敦为第一站，是个不错的选择。伦敦是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。 [核心词汇·练透] puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑 (1)in a puzzle　　　感到困惑，不知如何是好 a puzzle to sb 对某人来说是个谜 (2)puzzle (oneself/sb) about/over 苦苦思索，绞尽脑汁 (3)puzzled adj. 困惑的；迷惑的 puzzling adj. 令人困惑的，令人迷惑的 puzzlement n. 困惑，苦思 [经典佳句]　Hearing that you are puzzled about how to adapt to the new environment, I'm writing to give you some tips.(应用文之建议信) 得知你对于如何适应新环境感到困惑， 我写信给你一些建议。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①When the little girl was asked such a puzzling question，she stood there with a puzzled look on her face.(puzzle) ②These scientists have been puzzling about/over how to solve the environmental problem. ③关于如何和他相处使我感到困惑，请您给我一些建议可以吗？ What puzzles me is how to get along with him. Could you be kind enough to offer me some tips? break away (from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱 break down　损坏；发生故障；分解；累垮 break into 破门而入 break out (战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生 break up 结束；破裂 [经典佳句]　One of the things I love about travel is the chance to break away from daily routines and form some new ones. 旅途中我喜爱的一点就是我有机会去打破常规生活， 并且形成一些新的生活习惯。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Learning that my partner's health broke down，I was so anxious that tears rolled down my face. ②A fire broke out last night and three people were killed. ③我和我的父亲发生了一场可怕的争吵，我们几乎要关系破裂了，我想要脱离我的家庭，所以如果你能给我一些改善亲子关系的建议，我将非常感激。(应用文之求助信) A terrible quarrel broke out between me and my father，we almost broke up with each other and I intended to break away from my family，so I would appreciate it if you could offer me some tips on how to improve the parent­child relationship. belong to属于 (1)belong to　　属于 (2)belongings n. 财物；财产 a sense of belonging 归属感 [经典佳句]　Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future belongs to the well educated. 威廉姆斯教授一直告诉他的学生：未来属于受过良好教育的人。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①As is known to us all，China is a country belonging(belong) to the third world. ②剪纸属于中国传统艺术，已有1，500多年的历史。 ★Paper­cutting which belongs to traditional Chinese art has a history of over 1，500 years.(定语从句) ★Paper­cutting belonging to traditional Chinese art has a history of over 1，500 years.(非谓语动词作定语) 指津：(1)belong to不用于进行时与被动语态。 (2)belong to的­ing形式可作后置定语。 as well as同(一样也)；和；还 (1)as well as 相当于 in addition to，是一个连词结构，通常连接两个词性、结构对等的词或短语。 (2)当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数和第一个主语保持一致。 (3)as well表示“也”，相当于too，常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用。 [经典佳句]　As we all know, travelling is of great benefit to our body as well as our mind. 众所周知，旅行对我们的身心都有很大的好处。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Amy, as well as her brothers, was given(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. ②I have the ability to organise various activities，and I am good at communicating with others as well. ③只有通过均衡饮食，规律锻炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。(应用文之建议信) Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you keep your figure as well as stay healthy． defence n．防御；保卫 (1)in defence (of...)　 为了保护/保卫(……) (2)defend vt. 保护；保卫 defend...from/against... 保护/保卫……免受…… [经典佳句]　A large number of people lost their lives in defence of our motherland. 为了保卫我们的祖国，许多人失去了生命。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①She stepped back appearing puzzled and put up her hands，as if in defence (defend). ②Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves from/against some attacks. ③他跳下自行车，为了自卫，把自行车扔向那只可怕的狼。(读后续写之动作描写) ★He got off his bike and threw it at the frightening wolf in defence of himself． ★He got off his bike and threw it at the frightening wolf to defend himself． surround vt.围绕；包围 (1)surround...with...以……包围…… be surrounded by/with... 被……环绕/包围 (2)surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 surroundings n. 环境(复数) [经典佳句]　We held a party, playing games, singing and dancing together. The kids were surrounded with happiness all day. 我们举办派对，一起玩游戏、唱歌和跳舞。孩子们一整天都沉浸在幸福之中。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①When he woke up, he found himself surrounded (surround) by a group of children. ②Living in beautiful and comfortable surroundings (surround), we feel very happy. ③The surrounding(surround) villages are bathed in fascinating moonlight，which almost takes our breath away.(读后续写之环境描写) ④这个小镇被青山绿水环绕，美丽的环境吸引了来自世界各地的游客。 The small town is surrounded by/with green mountains and clear rivers and the beautiful surroundings attract visitors from all over the world. evidence n．证据；证明 (1)There is some evidence that...　　有证据证明…… (2)evident adj. 明显的，明白的 It is evident that... 显然(很明显)…… [经典佳句]　There is a lot of evidence that smoking has a bad effect on our lungs. 有很多证据表明吸烟对我们的肺有不良影响。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He couldn't show enough evidence(evident) that the money belonged to him. ②很明显，这次活动组织得很好，进行得很成功。 It was evident that the activity was well organized and went on successfully. [重点句型·通关] 教材原句：So what is the difference between them, if any? 那么，如果有(区别)的话，它们之间的区别是什么呢？ if any　　　如果有的话 if so 如果这样的话；如果是的话 if not 如果不这样的话 if necessary 如果有必要的话 if possible 如果有可能的话 [句式分析]　if条件状语从句的省略形式 [即时训练]　完成句子/句型转换 ①I'm wondering if you are free at the weekend.If so(如果有空)，let's attend the music festival in my school. (应用文之邀请信) ②If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses. →If necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses. 教材原句：They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. 他们在英国各地修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。 have sth done　　让别人做某事；让某事被做 have sb doing sth 让某人持续做某事 have sb do sth 让某人做某事 have sth to do 有某事要做(不定式作定语) [句式分析]　have＋宾语＋过去分词 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①You'd better take up a part­time job, through which you can have your horizons broadened(broaden). ②There is no need to worry. I will have Tom pick(pick) you up at the airport. ③It is wrong of you to have the light burning(burn) all the night. ④事实上，我的确希望提高我的英语，并结交一些英国的朋友。 Actually, I do hope to have my English improved and make some English friends. 教材原句：Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable． 学习这个国家的历史，将使你的英国之旅更加愉快。 (1)“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、过去分词、介词短语、省略to的动词不定式(被动语态中to不能省略)。 (2)当宾语是动词不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。 [句式分析]　make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is your rude words that made your parents very disappointed(disappoint). ②In addition, I can speak English so fluently that I can make myself understood(understand). ③He was made to practice (practice)the piano so much by his parents that he thought about giving up. ④在线教学将使英语学习更容易、更有趣。 Online teaching will make English learning easier and more interesting． 指津：省略to的动词不定式被动语态中to不能省略。 Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．be confused by...对……感到困惑 2．include building towns and roads包括建设城镇和修建道路 3．work together in some areas在某些领域紧密合作 4．the World Cup世界杯 5．have a long and interesting history有着悠久而有趣的历史 6．make your visit much more enjoyable使你的旅行更加愉快 7．date back to Roman times追溯到罗马时代 8．at different times throughout history在历史上的不同时期 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．As a matter of fact, it is difficult to break away from (改掉) a bad habit. 2．Lions and tigers belong to (属于) the cat family. 3．The branch office of the company is located in (坐落于) Beijing. 4．Please keep your eyes open for chances(留意机遇), for they wait for no one. 5．Following that, he continued to make great achievements in(取得很大进步) developing a variety of software. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $