Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-(配套教参)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册(人教版)

本高中英语讲义聚焦现在完成时的被动语态这一核心语法点，以“常用句式（肯定、否定、一般疑问及特殊疑问式）—用法（强调完成影响、持续状态、从句应用）—注意事项（与一般过去时被动的区别、非延续性动词使用等）”为学习支架，辅以即时训练巩固语法应用。 资料通过即时训练（改写句子、语法填空）提升语言运用能力，对比辨析（如现在完成时与一般过去时被动的区别）培养思维品质，结合词汇拓展（confirm、press）丰富语言知识。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生查漏补缺，强化语法应用能力。

Unit 3 Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 现在完成时的被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。该语法项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义，因此很多学生在具体运用中容易顾此失彼。 一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done... 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done... 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？ 迄今为止，已经采取了有效措施来保护濒危动物免遭灭绝。 The construction of the bridge has not been finished. 这座桥的建设还没有完成。 Has the date for the next meeting been decided? 下次会议的日期已经确定了吗？ How long has the project been carried out? 这项工程已经实施多长时间了？ [即时训练1]　用现在完成时的被动语态改写下列句子 ①Jack's boss has always praised him for his devotion to work. →Jack has always been praised by his boss for his devotion to work. ②They have found a good place to build a temple in the village. →A good place has been found by them to build a temple in the village. ③We haven't yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem. →How to solve that difficult technological problem hasn't been decided by us yet. 二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法 1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till/to now，since等连用。 With more and more children taking part in this activity, many family problems have already been solved. 随着越来越多的孩子参加这项活动，许多家庭问题已经得到了解决。 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。 We have been taught to be honest since we were very young. 自从我们很小的时候就被教育要诚实。 3．用在条件、时间状语从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作完成。 You shouldn't go out before your homework has been finished. 在你的作业完成之前你不应该出去。 [即时训练2]　单句语法填空 ①I'm also good at writing in English and two articles of mine have been published (publish) on 21st Century so far. ②Some efforts were made (make) to improve the air quality in the city last winter. ③Over the past three years, the paintings have been taken (take) to more than 20 museums in the world. ④For centuries, the ancient language has been passed(pass) down from one generation to another. ⑤Their new apartment has been decorated (decorate) for two months and they'll settle in it in the near future. 三、使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题 1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别：一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。 The park was opened to the public last year. 这个公园去年向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去) The park has been opened to the public. 这个公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经向公众开放了) 2．非延续性动词，如borrow、finish、begin、start、buy、marry、open、join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时间状语。 The work was finished two weeks ago. 这项工作于两周前被完成。 The work has been finished. 这项工作已经被完成。 It is said that the problem has been looked into. 据说这个问题已经被调查过了。 4．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 Great improvements in public health have been brought about by advances in medical science. 医学科学的进步带来了公共卫生的巨大改善。 5．带有双宾语的动词， 如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，buy，lend，promise等， 变为被动语态时， 一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语， 若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。 Their teacher has given them many chances to practice what they have learned in class. →They have been given many chances to practice what they have learned in class (by their teacher). →Many chances have been given to them to practice what they have learned in class (by their teacher). 他们的老师给了他们很多机会练习上课所学(的内容)。 [即时训练3]　单句语法填空 ①Great changes have taken (take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories have been set (set) up. ②More than 200 trees were planted (plant) in our school last year. ③Many new measures have been taken (take) to improve teaching quality since the new headmaster came. ④Since the end of the war, over five thousand prisoners have been released(release). confirm vt.确认；使确信 confirm sb in sth　　使某人确信某事 It has been confirmed that... 已经证实/确定…… [经典佳句]　Planning to take a group to pay a visit to your school next month, I'm writing to confirm some information. 计划下个月组团到贵校参观， 我写信确认一些信息。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They worked out an effective method，which was confirmed(confirm) by the leadership. ②据证实，一些外籍教师届时将进行歌唱、舞蹈和戏剧表演。 It has been confirmed that some foreign teachers will stage singing，dancing and drama performances then. press vt.按，压；敦促 (1)press...against/to... 　　把……压/挤/贴在…… press sb to do sth 极力劝说/敦促某人做某事 (2)pressure n. 压力，压强；强制 under pressure 承受压力 [经典佳句]　He pressed the button and the doorbell rang. 他按了按钮，门铃响了。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She pressed her face against the window，wondering why her mother was so upset. ②It is unwise to press the children to do (do) their homework every day. ③在父母的督促下，这个男孩决心不再玩电脑游戏。 Pressed from his parents，the boy is determined to stop playing computer games. Ⅰ. 用动词的适当形式填空 1．Many new buildings have been built (build) in Tangshan since 1976. 2．The bike in my family has been used (use) for 30 years. 3．Despite the previous talks, no agreement has been reached (reach) so far. 4．The water in the river has been polluted (pollute), which makes it smell terrible. 5．How many shopping centers have been built (build) in this city so far? 6．It is reported that the murderer has been arrested (arrest). Ⅱ.用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子 1．We have completed all the preparations for the task. All the preparations for the task have been completed (by us). 2．We haven't yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem. How to solve that difficult technological problem hasn't been decided yet. 3．I have told them to help you whenever you turn to them for help. They have been told to help you (by me) whenever you turn to them for help. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $