课时检测 UNIT 5 Section Ⅰ(1)-（配套练习）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版）

UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking （1） Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在主人外出旅行时，照顾并安置家中宠物的四种方式。 1.B　细节理解题。根据Pet sitter部分可知，选择宠物保姆能让你的宠物待在一个熟悉的环境中。 2.B　细节理解题。根据Home boarder部分可知，想要给宠物找一个合适的寄宿家庭，可以查一下当地议会的家庭宠物执照。 3.D　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，本文是写给不计划带宠物出去旅行，而想要宠物得到照顾的人看的。由此推断，D项（一个要出差的养宠物的人）会觉得这篇文章很有用。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。蘑菇是人们餐桌上的美食，你想没想过亲自动手种蘑菇呢？文章就如何种蘑菇给出了建议。 4.C　推理判断题。依据第一段最后一句、第二段第一句中的Mushrooms are expensive和最后一段第一句可推知，自己动手种蘑菇能省很多钱。 5.D　段落大意题。第三段主要讲述了蘑菇不需要阳光即可生长，并且在网上搜索即可得到种植的成套工具，即种蘑菇很容易。 6.B　细节理解题。依据第五段中的use the white variety of the mushrooms、 slice them、 put them on a cookie sheet in a freezer、 put them in a zip lock可知，B项正确。 7.A　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了作者自己动手种蘑菇的体验并给出了建议。A项（种植蘑菇既简单又有趣）可作文章最佳标题。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“有机食品”一词对我们来说耳熟能详。但有机食物和传统食物在农业生产过程中到底有怎样的差异，并不是每一个人都很清楚。 8.C　写作目的题。文章第一段就提出conventional apple和organic apple的不同概念，下文就这两种事物进行了对比。由此推断，文章的写作目的是告诉人们传统食品与有机食品的差别。 9.D　细节理解题。文章表格中对有机农业和传统农业做法的对比体现了有机农业的优势：在对环境有益的基础上生产健康的食品。由此可知，有机农业旨在采用环保方法种植植物和喂养动物。 10.B　细节理解题。根据表格右栏中的Apply natural fertilizers to feed soil and plants.可知，B项正确。 11.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，并非所有农产品的生产商都要给他们的产品进行有机认证。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上浪费食物的严重现象，并呼吁大家停止浪费食物。 12.C　词义猜测题。第二段将每年浪费的食物的重量形象地作了比喻：超过了860万头蓝鲸的重量，也超过了230万架空中客车A380的重量，好比中国人均向垃圾桶里倾倒一吨的食物。由此可推知，这种现象使人难以理解，unfathomable意为“难以理解的，深不可测的”。 13.D　细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知，富有的国家浪费的食物可以养活非洲大陆大部分地区的人。 14.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，作者的建议是根据他曾是一个餐馆服务员的工作经历而给出的。 15.B　写作目的题。根据第一段倒数第二句和最后一段最后两句可推知，文章的写作目的在于让人们不要浪费食物，要更明智地生活。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要指出了相比于食物，人们存活更需要水。人体内可以存储一些脂肪和能量备用，而呼吸和其他身体活动却随时随地在消耗人体内的水分。 16.C　此空设于段尾，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。C项中的That指代前一句中提到的The fatter you are，the more fat your body can store.。 17.D　此空设于段中，所填句和空后一句都是对前一句的进一步解释。前一句指出，气候在人们存活的过程中扮演着很重要的角色，此句和后一句分别提出寒冷天气和炎热的气候是如何具体影响的。 18.G　此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。此句提出，吃得太少会导致身体作出一些特殊的反应，接着下文具体描述这些反应。 19.A　此空设于段中，与下文存在转折关系。本段主要是讲缺水可能会带来的后果。后一句句意为“否则，我们可能会中暑。”由此可推测，此句是提出水可以帮助我们在炎热的天气下降温。 20.F　此空设于段中，是对第一句的进一步解释。第一句指出，严重脱水可以导致很多疾病，接着提出了刚开始的后果。由此推测，此句是表明几周后，你可能会处于休克状态。 4 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking （1） Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　Pets are part of our family so it’s important to factor them in when planning a trip that you’re not taking them with you on.Pet charity Blue Cross advises planning well in advance so you know that your pet will be comfortable. 　　Family and friends 　　Leaving your pet in the care of a trusted friend or neighbour will give you peace of mind that it will be well cared for.Your pet will be able to stay with them in their home. 　　Things to consider if your pet is staying in another house： 　　·Do they have another dog or pet and will they get on with your pet？ 　　·Do they have a garden？ Is the garden secure so your pet can’t escape？ 　　Pet sitter 　　Pet sitters stay in or visit your home to look after your pet while you’re away for a fee.This is a good option which allows your pet to stay in a familiar environment and you will receive regular updates. 　　How to find a good pet sitter： 　　·Ask friends and family for recommendations for pet sitters. 　　·Pet sitters don’t need a license to work， but reputable ones will be able to show you training and insurance certificates. 　　·Check reviews online from independent review sites. 　　Home boarder 　　Home boarders are people that take pets into their own homes to look after for a fee. 　　How to find a good home boarder： 　　·Check their home has no obvious dangers， like exposed wires， toxic substances and unsecured fences. 　　·Your pet is invited round to get to know the home and meet the family it’ll be staying with. 　　·You can easily find and view their license to board pets at home from the local council as well as their insurance details and training. 　　Boarding kennels 　　Kennels are an option， but it depends whether your pet is comfortable being left alone in a kennel environment around other pets. 　　How to find a boarding kennel： 　　·Get a personal recommendation， and check the kennel is licensed. 　　·Ask if you can visit before you book. 　　·Ask about insurance cover and the procedure for contacting a vet （兽医）. 1.If you prefer your pet to stay in a familiar environment， you can leave it with 　　　　.（　　） A.a friend　　　　　B.a pet sitter　　C.a home boarder　　　　　D.a boarding kennel 2.How can one find a suitable home boarder？（　　） A.Call the insurance company.　　 B.Check the license from the local council. C.Check reviews from independent review sites.　　 D.Invite him over to your home and meet your family. 3.Who may find this passage most useful？（　　） A.A vet who desires to change his job.　　 B.A man who is considering adopting a dog. C.A couple who are planning to rent a house.　　D.A pet owner who will take a business trip. B 　　Every time you go shopping， the vegetables and fruit look so attractive that you wish you could buy all of them.Some people are lucky and can grow the fruit and vegetables in the gardens that they have.While getting fresh vegetables， they can also achieve great cost-cutting. 　　Mushrooms are expensive and can also go bad very quickly.Mushrooms can also be grown easily in a dark environment.In fact， it’s better than growing other vegetables since you really don’t need an outdoor space.A special type of soil that is good for growing mushrooms is easily available. 　　Actually， mushrooms aren’t even vegetables；they are fungi （真菌） and for this reason， you don’t even require sunlight to grow them.Well， how does one go about growing mushrooms？ You could always Google “growing mushrooms” and you will find a number of mushroom growing kits （成套工具） available online that are effective and not very expensive either. 　　Mushrooms can be added to any dish that you cook.Simply use them in pizza， salad and anything that you pretty much want.Grow mushrooms in your own house and use them whenever you want to.Fresh mushrooms are tastier than the ones that are stored in your refrigerator. 　　If you have had a really good crop of mushrooms， then you can even store them.Ideally you should use the white variety of the mushrooms.Simply pick them， slice them and put them on a cookie sheet in a freezer.When they are frozen， just put them in a zip lock and you can use them when you want to.They give a really great taste to the dish that you are making.Thaw （解冻） them before you use them. 　　You should try growing mushrooms， since it’s cost-effective.Furthermore， you can eat the fresh mushrooms any time that you want. 4.What is an advantage of growing mushrooms according to the passage？（　　） A.You can eat all kinds of vegetables.　　 B.You are lucky to eat what you like. C.You can save lots of money.　　 D.You can satisfy your desire. 5.The third paragraph is mainly to tell us that 　　　　.（　　） A.mushrooms are not vegetables　　 B.the Internet helps us a lot C.mushrooms are available online　　 D.it is easy to grow mushrooms 6.Which of the following is the right order of storing mushrooms？（　　） a.Put them on a cookie sheet in the refrigerator.　　b.Place frozen mushrooms in a zip lock. c.Cut them into slices.　　d.Choose the white mushrooms. A.a－b－c－d　　　　B.d－c－a－b　　C.a－d－c－b　　　　D.d－a－c－b 7.What would be the best title for this passage？（　　） A.It is easy and fun to grow mushrooms　　B.We should eat more fruit and vegetables C.Mushrooms online are very expensive　　D.Mushrooms — tasty and healthy vegetables C 　　You’re in a bit of a dilemma standing in front of the produce section of your local supermarket.In one hand， you’re holding a conventionally grown Granny Smith apple.In your other hand， you have one that’s been organically grown.Both apples are firm， shiny and green.Both provide vitamins and fiber， and both are free of fat， sodium and cholesterol. 　　The conventionally grown apple costs less and is a proven family favorite.But the organic apple has a label that says “USDA Organic”.Does that mean it’s better？ Safer？ More nutritious？ Become a better informed consumer for your next trip to the supermarket.Several differences between organic and non-organic foods exist.The word “organic” refers to the way farmers grow and process agricultural products， such as fruits， vegetables， grains， dairy products and meat.Organic farming practices are designed to encourage soil and water conservation and reduce pollution.Farmers who grow organic produce and meat don’t use conventional methods to fertilize， control weeds or prevent livestock disease. 　　Here are other differences between conventional farming and organic farming： Conventional farming Organic farming Apply chemical fertilizers to promote plant growth. Apply natural fertilizers to feed soil and plants. Apply insecticide to reduce pests and disease. Use beneficial insects and birds to reduce pests and disease. Give animals antibiotics， growth hormones and medications to prevent disease and promote growth. Give animals organic foods and allow them access to the outdoors.Use preventive measures — such as a balanced diet and clean housing — to help minimize disease. 　　*Organic or not check the label 　　The U.S. Department of Agriculture （USDA） has established an organic certification program that requires all organic foods to meet strict government standards.These standards regulate how such foods are grown， handled and processed.Any farmer or food manufacturer who labels and sells a product as organic must be USDA certified as meeting these standards.Only producers who sell less than $5，000 a year in organic foods are exempt （免除） from this certification. 　　If a food bears a USDA organic label， it means it’s produced and processed according to the USDA standards.The seal is voluntary， but many organic producers use it. 8.What’s the main purpose of the passage？（　　） A.Promote the sales of organic foods. B.Inform people that organic foods are better for their health. C.Compare conventional and organic foods. D.Persuade people to become informed consumers. 9.According to the passage， what’s organic farming intended to？（　　） A.To improve the quality of the soil and water. B.To take the place of the traditional agriculture entirely. C.To prevent livestock from getting disease more effectively. D.To adopt environmentally friendly methods to grow plants and feed animals. 10.Which of the following methods belongs to organic farming？（　　） A.Using chemicals to kill insects and prevent disease. B.Using rotted plants as fertilizers to promote plant growth. C.Using growth hormones to speed up animals’ growth. D.Using pests to reduce insects and disease. 11.From the passage we know the organic certification program 　　　　.（　　） A.is not meant for produce of all producers B.makes it a must to attach a USDA Organic label C.sets restrictions on the sales of organic produce D.requires all foods to satisfy the strict government standards D 　　An average 30-year-old person who has eaten three meals a day since birth has eaten more than 30，000 meals to date.Even if you’ve only eaten half that much， you have to admit this：you’ve let some of that breakfast， lunch or dinner go to waste.And it turns out we’re all to blame for this shaming fact：30% of all food produced in the world each year is wasted or lost.That’s about 1.3 billion tons， according to a new report by the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization. 　　That’s the weight of more than 8.6 million full-grown blue whales， the largest creatures on earth.That’s the weight of more than 2.3 million Airbus A380s， the largest planes in existence.That’s as if each person in China， the world’s most populous country with more than 1.3 billion people， had one ton mass of food thrown into the dustbin.It’s almost unfathomable， isn’t it？ 　　Setting aside that big number， we find the people with the most money are the ones who waste the most.On average， a person in European and North American countries wastes between 95 and 115 kilograms of food.Sub-Saharan African， South Asian and Southeast Asian countries waste much， much less — between 6 and 11 kilograms per person. 　　Here’s another statistic：all the food that the world’s richest countries waste is about equal to all the food that sub-Saharan Africa produces.The numbers：222 million tons and 230 million tons， respectively （分别地）.Basically， the wasted food of the rich could feed much of the African continent.And these numbers come as we’ve just been reporting about rising food prices around the world in the past week. 　　And my own personal tip：if I eat at a restaurant and can’t finish it all， I ask for a doggie bag.I used to be a waiter years ago and will never forget the amounts of food I saw left on the table after the bill was paid.There’s no reason to waste food.It’s up to all of us to use our common sense to eat and shop just a bit more wisely. 12.What does the underlined word “unfathomable” in paragraph 2 mean？（　　） A.Possible to imagine.　　 B.Impossible to change. C.Impossible to understand.　　 D.Possible to understand. 13.It can be learned that the food the rich waste can support 　　　　.（　　） A.half the people in Europe　　 B.most people of America C.most people of Asia　　 D.most people of Africa 14.What did the author give his personal tip based on？（　　） A.The fact that he was once very poor.　　 B.The fact that he was once a farmer. C.The fact that he once worked in a restaurant.　　D.The fact that the price of food is very high. 15.What is the purpose of this article？（　　） A.To show the author’s opinion of food.　　 B.To let us live more wisely and not waste food. C.To show the amount of wasted food a year.　　D.To ask the richest countries to help African people. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　According to medical experts， people do not need food as much as they need water.If you are in good physical shape， you are likely to survive longer.In fact， the body stores fat and other forms of energy.The fatter you are， the more fat your body can store.16.（　　） 　　The survival time without food also depends on how fast a person burns food.Those who use up food energy faster will probably not survive as long as those who burn food energy more slowly. 　　Climate also plays an important role in it.17.（　　） However， hot climate allows you to go on longer without replacing food. 　　18.（　　） It may lead to physical weakness or confusion.After many weeks without food， your body organs can fail one after another.Even so， people can still survive without food for up to two months as long as they have enough to drink. 　　However， living without water can be a very different story.Every minute， we lose water through breathing and other activities.The water that our bodies lose must be replaced so that our organs can work properly.19.（　　） Otherwise， we may suffer a heat stroke （中暑）. 　　Dehydration （严重脱水） can lead to many illnesses.In the beginning， you may just suffer a dry mouth or a fast heartbeat.20.（　　） Therefore， you should never go on without water for a day or more. A.Water helps us cool down in the heat. B.However， we can’t live long without water. C.That is why fatter people can survive longer. D.Cold weather makes you use up more energy. E.Eating too much is not necessary in our daily life. F.But a few weeks later， you may be in a state of shock. G.Eating too little causes your body to react in some special ways. 4 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $