UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ-（配套练习）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 非限制性定语从句 　　Nat， who① was ten years old， lived in a small town in England.He always stayed in England for his holidays， but one day he decided to go to Spain， where② all his friends liked to go for their holidays.First he went to Madrid， which③ is the capital of Spain， and stayed in a small hotel.On the first morning， he wanted to go out for a walk.As④ we all know，in England， people drive on the left.But in Spain， they drive on the right， which⑤ he forgot.He put off the outing until the next Sunday， when⑥ his friend wouldn’t be so busy. ①处who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Nat； ②处where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Spain； ③处which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Madrid； ④处As 引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整句话的内容； ⑤处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容； ⑥处when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the next Sunday。 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观 一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 【先感悟】 ①（教材例句）In the beginning， Tu Youyou went to Hainan， where malaria was more common， to study malaria patients. ②（教材例句）This medicine， which was called artemisinin， soon became a standard treatment for malaria. ③（教材例句）Later， the medicine was tested on malaria patients， most of whom recovered. ④（外研必修一）If this works， there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again. ⑤（2024·九省联考）Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. 【会发现】 　　　　　　　 　句是非限制性定语从句；　　　　　　　 　句是限制性定语从句。 【善归纳】 1.外在表现形式不同 限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切，所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。 2.在句中作用不同 （1）限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体、更明确；限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。 （2）非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不十分密切，只是对其作一些附加说明，不起限定制约作用；如果将非限制性定语从句省去，主句的意义仍然完整。 3.关系词不同 关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略。 4.关系代词指代不同 限制性定语从句的关系代词一般指代一个名词或代词；非限制性定语从句的关系代词则既可指代一个名词或代词，也可以指代整个主句。 【运用练】 （1）单句语法填空 ①The book 　　　　　　I borrowed from the library is about history. ②The day 　　　　　　we met for the first time is unforgettable. ③The Summer Palace， 　　　　　　the famous Kunming Lake is located， is a popular destination. （2）完成句子 ④The scientist 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　became an inspiration to millions of people. 发现治愈这种疾病的科学家激励了数百万人。 ⑤My grandmother， 　　　　　　　　　， has taught me so much about life. 我的祖母总是讲述最精彩的故事，她教会了我很多关于生活的知识。 二、关系词在非限制性定语从句中的使用 【先感悟】 ①There， he met a young girl called Mary， who wanted to find her family in Nepal. ②I have two foreign teachers， both of whom are from America. ③Above the trees are the mountains， whose magnificence fully reflects on the river’s surface. ④The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on August 15th of the Chinese lunar calendar， when people of a family get together and enjoy the dinner together. ⑤The library， where I spent most of my free time， was a quiet place filled with books. ⑥He has been busy with his work the whole holiday， which makes his wife unhappy. 【会发现】 ①②③④句中非限制性定语从句的关系词分别修饰先行词　　　　　、　　　　　、　　　　　　、　　　　　　；④句中关系副词when等于　　　　　　　；⑤句中关系副词where等于　　　　　　；⑥句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰　　　　　　。 【善归纳】 1.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有who、whom、whose、which、when、where等。 2.关系副词when、where可用“介词＋which”代替。 3.介词后用whom，不用who。 4.非限制性定语从句中，关系代词which指代前面整个主句。 【运用练】　完成句子 ①我画了一个小池塘，池塘里有一群鸭子在游泳。 （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）I painted a small pond， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ②我的老师已经教书超过二十年了，她对每个学生都非常有耐心。 My teacher， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， is very patient with every student. ③那个学生的报告得到老师称赞，他是其他人的好榜样。 The student， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， was a great example for others. ④这本书是我从图书馆借来的，非常有趣。 The book， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， is really interesting. 三、as引导定语从句时的用法 【先感悟】 ①I want the same shirt as my friend’s. ②Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. ③As I expected， he got the first place again in this midterm examination. ④He made a long speech， as we expected. ⑤He made a long speech， which was unexpected. 【会发现】 ①②句中as引导　　　　　　　　　　　；③④句中as引导　　　　　　　　　　　；⑤句中which引导　　 　　　　　　　　。 【善归纳】 1.as引导限制性定语从句通常用于such ...as ...、 as ...as ...、 so ...as ...、 the same ...as ...结构中。 2.which与as引导非限制性定语从句时的区别： （1）位置上的区别 which只能置于先行词的后面，可修饰整个句子；as位置灵活，可置于句首、句中，也可置于主句后。 （2）搭配上的区别 which可作实义动词的主语；as多用于固定搭配中： as is often the case　　这是常有的事 as was expected　　正如我们所料 as often happens　　正如经常发生的那样 as is known to all　　众所周知 as has been said before　　如前所述 as is mentioned above　　正如上面所提到的 （3）意思上的区别 which意为“这一点、这件事”；as意为“正如……、正像……的那样”。 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①I don’t know whether he is such a great scholar 　　　　　people say. ②Here is so big a stone 　　　　　no man can lift. ③Dorothy was always showing off her clothes， 　　　　　， of course， made us a little annoyed. ④There is no simple answer， 　　　　　　is often the case in science. 1.conclusion n.结论；推论 教材原句　Did you come to any conclusions？你得出什么结论了吗？ 【用法】 （1）come to/reach/draw a conclusion　得出结论 in conclusion　　总之；最后 （2）conclude v.　　　　结束；终止；推断出 conclude from ...　　从……中推断出 conclude sth with sth/by doing sth以某事/通过做某事结束某事 【佳句】　（2024·北京卷）In conclusion， China’s 75 years of progress have been remarkable.From the early years of reconstruction to the modern era of innovation， China has transformed into a global leader. （现象介绍） 总的来说，中国75年的进步是显著的。从早期的重建年代到现代的创新时代，中国已经转变为一个全球领导者。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①After a long day of hiking， we concluded our trip by 　　　　　（take） a group photo at the top of the mountain. 【写美】　完成句子/一句多译 ②他以一句名言“有志者，事竟成”结束了他的演讲。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　“Where there is a will， there is a way.” （人物描写） ③我从我自己的经历中得出结论：用自己的双手劳动很重要。 →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　it is important to work with our own hands.（conclude） →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　it is important to work with our own hands.（conclusion） 2.circumstance n.[usually pl.] 条件；环境；状况 教材原句　Her circumstances are beyond our control.我们无法掌控她的状况。 【用法】 in/under no circumstances　决不（置于句首，需用倒装语序） in/under the circumstances　　在这种情况下 in/under any circumstances　　在任何情况下 if circumstances allow/permit　　如果条件允许的话 【佳句】　Given the unusual circumstance of heavy rain， the school decided to postpone the outdoor event until the weather improved.（天气描写） 鉴于下大雨的特殊情况，学校决定将户外活动推迟到天气好转后再进行。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Even 　　　　　the circumstances，he still spared no effort to improve himself. 【写美】　完成句子 ②情况允许的话，我会立即采取行动实现梦想。 　　　　　　　　 　，I will take immediate action to achieve my dream. （动作描写） ③我提醒自己我决不会再犯这样的错误。 I reminded myself that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　allow such an error to happen again. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Then he worked as a technician on the Chengdu-Kunming Railway， 　　　　　he gained valuable experience in railway engineering. 2.In the dark street， there wasn’t a single person 　　　　　she could turn to for help. 3.Tom’s colleagues were deeply appreciative of his help， without 　　　　　support they would not have succeeded. 4.We have found such materials 　　　　　are used in their factory. 5.At present， a community of flesh-eating animals and a community of plant-eating animals make up a complete food chain in the national park， 　　　　　is extremely rare to see in China. 6.Thanks to your generous help， without 　　　　　　　I wouldn’t have made such great progress. 7.The sports meeting will be put off till next month， 　　　　　　we will have made all the preparations. 8.Today only some of the older generation of rafters still operate the traditional sheepskin rafts， 　　　　　are struggling to make a living. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1.我写信是想分享我上周五的一次非凡经历，那时我们班在公园里上了一节美术课。 （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）I’m writing to share an extraordinary experience I had last Friday， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.总之，我们都期待着上你的课，在课堂上我们可以借此机会提高我们的英语口语。 （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）In conclusion， we all look forward to attending your class， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 3.因此，即将到来的访谈定于下周五举行，其主题将是我们日常生活中的环境保护。 （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Therefore， the topic of the coming show， 　　　　　　　　　　， will be environmental protection in our daily lives. 4.我得知这所学校大约有50名外国学生在学习汉语， 其中大部分来自德国。 I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in this school， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 5.简尽管感到不舒服她也不愿意去看医生，这是孩子们常有的事。 Jane， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　， was unwilling to see a doctor though she felt sick. 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 1　Section Ⅱ 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 【重难语法·要攻克】 一、会发现　①②③　④⑤ 运用练　①which/that　②when　③where ④who/that discovered the cure for the disease ⑤who always tells the most amazing stories 二、会发现　a young girl　foreign teachers　mountains　August 15th　on which　in which　前面整个句子 运用练　①where a flock of ducks were swimming ②who has been teaching for over twenty years ③whose report was praised by the teacher ④which I borrowed from the library 三、会发现　限制性定语从句　非限制性定语从句　非限制性定语从句 运用练　①as　②as　③which　④as 【知识要点·须拾遗】 1.①taking　②He concluded his speech with a famous saying ③I concluded from my own experiences that； I came to/reached/drew the conclusion from my own experiences that 2.①in/under　②If circumstances allow/permit ③in/under no circumstances would I 【随堂检测·要过关】 Ⅰ.1.where　2.whom/who/that　3.whose　4.as　5.which 6.which　7.when　8.who Ⅱ.1.when our class had an art lesson in the park 2.where we can take the chance to improve our oral English 3.which is scheduled to be held next Friday 4.most of whom were from Germany 5.as is often the case with children 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $