Unit 8 The International Red Cross 词汇、短语和句型背记 2025-2026学年教科版（五四学制）（2012）英语九年级上册

Unit 8 The International Red Cross 词汇、短语和句型背记 一、核心词汇 英文单词 音标 中文释义 词性 备注(常见搭配/例句提示) relief /r li f/ 减轻;救济 n. 不可数名词,disaster relief(灾害救济)、a sense of relief(释然感),例:The Red Cross provides relief for disaster victims.(红十字会为灾民提供救济) victim / v kt m/ 受害者;受灾者 n. 可数名词,victim of disaster(灾难受害者),例:Thousands of victims received help from the Red Cross.(数千名受害者得到了红十字会的帮助) establish / st bl /(英)/ st bl /(美) 建立;创立 v. 搭配establish an organization(建立组织),例:The Red Cross was established in 1863.(红十字会成立于1863年) disaster /d z st (r)/(英)/d z st r/(美) 灾难;灾害 n. 可数名词,natural disaster(自然灾害)、earthquake disaster(地震灾害),例:The organization responds quickly to natural disasters.(该组织对自然灾害反应迅速) volunteer / v l n t (r)/(英)/ v l n t r/(美) 志愿者;自愿 n./v. 名词:volunteer for sth.(为某事做志愿者);动词:volunteer to do sth.(自愿做某事),例:Many volunteers joined the rescue work.(许多志愿者加入了救援工作) donate /d ne t/(英)/do ne t/(美) 捐赠;捐献 v. 搭配donate sth. to sb./sth.(向……捐赠某物),例:People donated money and clothes to the victims.(人们向受害者捐赠了钱和衣物) suffer / s f (r)/ 遭受;受苦 v. 搭配suffer from(遭受……)、suffer pain(承受痛苦),例:The refugees suffered a lot from the war.(难民们因战争遭受了巨大痛苦) assistance / s st ns/ 帮助;援助 n. 不可数名词,provide assistance(提供帮助)、emergency assistance(紧急援助),例:The Red Cross offers assistance to those in need.(红十字会为有需要的人提供帮助) Swiss /sw s/ 瑞士的;瑞士人 adj./n. 形容词:Swiss businessman(瑞士商人);名词:a Swiss(一位瑞士人),例:Henry Dunant was a Swiss businessman.(亨利 杜南是一位瑞士商人) injured / nd d/ 受伤的 adj. 搭配injured soldiers(受伤士兵)、seriously injured(重伤的),例:The team rescued injured people after the earthquake.(该团队在地震后营救了受伤人员) Geneva /d ni v / 日内瓦(瑞士城市) n. 专有名词,例:The Red Cross was first established in Geneva.(红十字会最初在日内瓦成立) peacetime / pi sta m/ 和平时期 n. 不可数名词,in peacetime(在和平时期),例:The organization helps people both in wartime and peacetime.(该组织在战时和和平时期都帮助人们) wartime / w ta m/(英)/ w rta m/(美) 战时 n. 不可数名词,in wartime(在战时),例:Many people lost their homes in wartime.(许多人在战时失去了家园) fulfill /f l f l/ 履行;实现 v. 搭配fulfill a mission(履行使命)、fulfill a promise(实现承诺),例:The Red Cross is fulfilling its mission to stop suffering.(红十字会正在履行其消除苦难的使命) curiosity / kj ri s ti/(英)/ kj ri s ti/(美) 好奇心 n. 不可数名词,out of curiosity(出于好奇心),例:His curiosity made him learn more about the Red Cross.(好奇心让他更多地了解了红十字会) routine /ru ti n/ 常规;惯例 n. 可数名词,daily routine(日常惯例),例:Volunteers have a routine of helping the elderly.(志愿者们有帮助老人的日常工作) creativity / kri e t v ti/ 创造力 n. 不可数名词,例:Left-handed people often have strong creativity.(左撇子通常有很强的创造力) unique /ju ni k/ 独特的;唯一的 adj. 搭配be unique to(为……所特有),例:Every person has unique talents.(每个人都有独特的才能) donation /d ne n/(英)/do ne n/(美) 捐赠物;捐款 n. 可数名词,make a donation(捐款),例:All donations will be used to help the poor.(所有捐款将用于帮助穷人) humanitarian /hju m n te ri n/(英)/hju m n teri n/(美) 人道主义的 adj. 搭配humanitarian aid(人道主义援助),例:The organization provides humanitarian aid around the world.(该组织在全球提供人道主义援助) 二、重点短语 英文短语 中文释义 搭配/例句 The International Red Cross 国际红十字会 The International Red Cross is a famous humanitarian organization.(国际红十字会是著名的人道主义组织) disaster relief 灾害救济;灾难救援 The Red Cross sent a team for disaster relief after the flood.(洪水后,红十字会派出了灾害救援小组) provide assistance 提供帮助 They provide assistance to people regardless of race or religion.(他们不分种族和宗教,为人们提供帮助) make a donation 捐款;捐赠 Many people made a donation to the earthquake victims.(许多人向地震灾民捐款) volunteer for 自愿参与;为……做志愿者 She volunteered for the Red Cross when she was in college.(她上大学时自愿加入了红十字会) fulfill a mission 履行使命 The team worked hard to fulfill their humanitarian mission.(该团队努力履行人道主义使命) suffer from 遭受;忍受 People in the war-torn area suffer from hunger and cold.(战乱地区的人们遭受着饥饿和寒冷) in peacetime 在和平时期 The Red Cross helps people in peacetime as well as in wartime.(红十字会在和平时期和战时都帮助人们) in wartime 在战时 Many hospitals were built by the Red Cross in wartime.(红十字会在战时建造了许多医院) regardless of 不管;不顾 The organization helps anyone in need regardless of their background.(该组织帮助任何有需要的人,不论其背景如何) sign up for 报名参加 He signed up for the Red Cross volunteer training.(他报名参加了红十字会志愿者培训) take care of 照顾;照料 Volunteers took care of the injured in the accident.(志愿者们照顾了事故中的受伤人员) respond to 回应;对……作出反应 The Red Cross quickly responded to the typhoon disaster.(红十字会迅速对台风灾害作出了反应) come up 发生;出现 Something unexpected came up during the rescue work.(救援工作中出现了意想不到的情况) 三、核心句型 句型结构 中文释义 例句 备注(用法说明) Do you have any plans for ...? 你……有什么计划吗? Do you have any plans for the weekend? I want to join the volunteer activity.(你周末有什么计划吗?我想参加志愿者活动) 询问对方未来某段时间的计划,常用场景:邀约、活动参与 I can’t tell you how sorry I am. 我真的非常抱歉。 I can’t tell you how sorry I am for missing the volunteer meeting.(我很抱歉错过了志愿者会议) 表达真诚的道歉,语气比“I’m sorry”更强烈 It was as + adj. + as ... 它和……一样……。 The movie was as exciting as the story of the Red Cross.(这部电影和红十字会的故事一样令人激动) 用于两者比较,中间接形容词原级 Sb. was established in + 年份. 某物/某组织成立于……年。 The Red Cross was established in 1863.(红十字会成立于1863年) 被动语态,用于介绍组织、机构的成立时间 Sb. devote(s) oneself to doing sth. 某人致力于做某事。 Many volunteers devote themselves to helping those in need.(许多志愿者致力于帮助有需要的人) devote oneself to 后接动名词,表“全身心投入某事” It is + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是……的。 It is meaningful to take part in humanitarian activities.(参与人道主义活动是有意义的) it 作形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式 Sb. has been doing sth. since + 时间. 某人从……起就一直在做某事。 The organization has been providing relief since the disaster happened.(自从灾难发生后,该组织就一直在提供救济) 现在完成进行时,强调动作的持续性 Sb. can do nothing but do sth. 某人除了做某事别无选择。 The victims could do nothing but wait for assistance.(灾民们除了等待援助别无选择) but 后接动词原形,表“别无他法只能做某事” 四、语法拓展:动词的不同形式(The Different Forms of Verbs)详解 1. 核心动词形式分类 形式 含义 例词(单元核心词) 原形(Base Form) 动词基本形式,用于一般现在时、不定式等 do、have、go、speak、write 过去式(Simple Past) 用于一般过去时,表过去发生的动作 did、had、went、spoke、wrote 过去分词(Past Participle) 用于完成时态、被动语态等 done、had、gone、spoken、written 现在分词(Present Participle) 用于进行时态、现在分词短语作定语等 doing、having、going、speaking、writing 2. 高频不规则动词形式表(单元重点) 原形 过去式 过去分词 例句(单元语境) begin began begun The Red Cross began its work in Europe.(红十字会在欧洲开始了它的工作) break broke broken The bridge was broken in the earthquake.(那座桥在地震中被毁了) bring brought brought Volunteers brought food and water to the victims.(志愿者们给受害者带来了食物和水) do did done A lot of work has been done to help the refugees.(为帮助难民已经做了很多工作) have had had He has had a long history of volunteering.(他有很长的志愿服务经历) go went gone Many doctors went to the disaster area.(许多医生去了灾区) speak spoke spoken The leader spoke about the importance of humanitarian aid.(这位领导人谈到了人道主义援助的重要性) write wrote written Henry Dunant wrote a book about his experience.(亨利 杜南写了一本关于自己经历的书) see saw seen I have seen the Red Cross volunteers in action.(我见过红十字会志愿者们的实际行动) take took taken Measures have been taken to prevent disasters.(已经采取了措施来预防灾害) give gave given A lot of support has been given to the victims.(受害者得到了大量支持) fall fell fallen Many houses fell down in the typhoon.(许多房屋在台风中倒塌了) feel felt felt The victims felt grateful for the help they received.(受害者们对收到的帮助感到感激) keep kept kept They kept working day and night to provide relief.(他们日夜不停地工作以提供救济) know knew known The Red Cross is known all over the world.(红十字会闻名于全世界) leave left left He left his hometown to join the volunteer team.(他离开家乡加入了志愿者队伍) make made made Great efforts have been made to help the poor.(为帮助穷人付出了巨大努力) 3. 易混易错点 过去式与过去分词混淆:部分动词三者形式不同,需单独记忆,例:see saw(过去式) seen(过去分词);部分形式相同,例:cut cut cut 被动语态中误用过去式:被动语态结构为“be + 过去分词”,例:The work was done.(√)/ The work was did.( ) 现在完成时中误用过去式:现在完成时结构为“have/has + 过去分词”,例:He has written a book.(√)/ He has wrote a book.( ) 不规则动词拼写错误:例:forget forgot(不是forgetted)、choose chose(不是choosed) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $