UNIT 5 Section Ⅰ-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版）

本讲义围绕袁隆平相关文本阅读与语言学习展开，通过Pre-reading图片讨论激活背景知识，While-reading分“析架构理清脉络”“知细节明察秋毫”“辨难句拆分解读”三步引导学生理解文本结构、关键信息及复杂句式，Post-reading结合讨论与语法填空深化语言运用，形成从输入到输出的完整学习支架。 该资料以人物传记文本为载体，融合语言能力（核心词汇如devote、convince及句型如given that的讲解与练习）、思维品质（文本结构分析、问题探究）和文化意识（学习科学家奉献精神）的培养。例如“析架构”任务帮助学生构建文本逻辑，“抒己见”讨论提升批判性思维与表达能力，课中助力教师分层教学，课后通过词汇默写、语法填空等巩固知识，弥补薄弱环节。

Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking Pre-reading Before you read， look at the photo and the title of the text.Discuss these questions in groups. 1.Who is the man in the photo？ What crop is he holding in his hands？ 　Yuan Longping.Hybrid rice.　 2.What do you know about the man？ What else do you want to know about him？ 　He was a scientist in agriculture.His life， his education， his contributions and so on.　 While-reading 第一步：析架构理清脉络 1.What’s the main idea of the text？（　　） A.Ways to increase the rice output. B.Yuan Longping’s dreams. C.Yuan Longping’s super hybrid rice. D.Yuan Longping — an agricultural pioneer. 答案：D 2.Match the main idea with each part. Part 1 （Para.1）A.Yuan’s ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams. Part 2 （Paras.2－4）B.Yuan’s attitude towards life， celebrity and wealth. Part 3 （Para.5）C.A brief introduction to Yuan Longping. Part 4 （Para.6）D.Yuan’s personal life and his scientific achievements. 答案：Parts 1－4　CDBA 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 1.Why did Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer？（　　） A.He was born in a farmer family. B.He was known as the “father of hybrid rice”. C.He was educated at an agricultural college. D.He continually worked the land in his research. 2.Why did Yuan decide to study agriculture？（　　） A.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in agriculture. B.He wanted to deal with the crisis of shortage of food. C.He wanted to be the “father of hybrid rice”. D.He was interested in agriculture. 3.What’s the main advantage of hybrid crops？（　　） A.They can get a higher yield than conventional crops. B.Many famous scientists are interested in them. C.They were created by Yuan Longping. D.They are self-pollinating plants. 4.How has Yuan’s work helped China and other countries？ （　　） A.Yuan donated his rice to farmers at home and abroad. B.Yuan helped farmers at home and abroad study agriculture. C.It helped farmers produce more rice to feed the world. D.It helped farmers make a lot of money. 答案：1－4　DBAC 第三步：辨难句拆分解读 1.However， what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 句式分析：本句中名词性从句分别作主语和表语。　what concerned him most　为句子的主语，　that 引导的从句　为句子的表语。 自主翻译：　然而，他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。　 2.Today， it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains， and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 句式分析：本句为it 作　形式主语　的复合句。真正的主语是　that　引导的从句，而真正的主语太长，为了避免句子头重脚轻，所以用形式主语it。 自主翻译：　据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种（形成的作物）让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。　 3.Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy， one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. 句式分析：本句中Given that为连词，相当于considering，意为“　考虑到；鉴于　”。 自主翻译：　考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。　 Post-reading 第一步：抒己见提升思维 1.Work in groups and put forward some advice on what we should learn from great scientists like Yuan Longping. （1）　Care little for celebrity/fame or money/wealth.　 （2）　Serve the people heart and soul.　 （3）　Have the dream to help the people.　 2.If you had the chance to do something to help end hunger in the world， what would you do？ （1）　Invent a new kind of plant to produce more food.　 （2）　Find a sort of fertiliser to give corns enough nutrition and let them grow quickly and boost higher yields.　 （3）　Stop polluting the environment and protect the soil in the field.　 （4）　Make good use of the waste and abandoned land.　 第二步：课文语法填空 　　Yuan Longping， 1.　known　 （know） as the “father of hybrid rice”， considered himself a farmer.When he was young， 2.　what　 concerned him most was farmers’ 3.　shortage　 （short） of food to eat， so he chose to study agriculture at college.After graduating in 1953， he worked as a researcher and devoted himself to 4.　creating　 （create） a kind of hybrid rice， which could attain a 5.　higher　 （high） yield.In 1974， he succeeded in making it 6.　a　 reality.Today， about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 7.　generated　 （generate） from his hybrid strains， for which he has received numerous awards both in China and abroad.But the humorous old “farmer”， caring little 8.　for　 celebrity or money， insisted on living a simple life.Despite his 9.　advanced　 （advance） years， he kept trying 10.　to fulfil　 （fulfil） his dreams of ridding the world of hunger. A PIONEER① FOR ALL PEOPLE 　　Yuan Longping， [1]known as the “father of hybrid② rice”， was one of China’s most famous scientists.Yet， he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land③ in his research.Indeed， his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers， [2] to whom he had devoted④ his life. 　　[1]过去分词短语known as ... 作定语，修饰Yuan Longping。be known as ... 意为“作为……而出名”。 　　[2]to whom he had devoted his life是“介词＋whom”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词farmers。devote ... to是固定搭配，介词to被提到了关系代词前面。 　　Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career⑤ in science or medicine.However， [3]what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage⑥ of food to eat .[4]To tackle⑦ this crisis⑧， he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. 　　[3]what concerned him most was that ... 是主从复合句。what concerned him most是主语从句，what在此处意为“……的事”。that farmers often had poor harvests ... 是表语从句。 　　[4]动词不定式短语To tackle this crisis在句中作目的状语。 　　After graduating in 1953， he worked as⑨ a researcher.Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution⑩.Instead， farmers needed to boost⑪ yields⑫ in the fields [5]they had.[6]How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.Yuan was convinced⑬ that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.A hybrid is a cross⑭ between two or more varieties of a species⑮.One characteristic⑯ of hybrids is [7]that they usually attain⑰ a higher yield than conventional⑱ crops.However， [8]whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating⑲ plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.The common assumption⑳ then was that it could not be done.Through intense㉑ effort， Yuan overcame㉒ enormous㉓ technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice [9]that could be used for farming in 1974.This hybrid enabled㉔ farmers to expand㉕ their output㉖ greatly. 　　[5]they had 是定语从句，修饰先行词the fields，引导词that/which 因在从句中作宾语而被省略了。 　　[6]How this could be done 是由How引导的主语从句。 　　[7]that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops是表语从句，引导词that在从句中没有词义，只起连接作用，不可省略。 　　[8]whether it was possible ... rice是由whether引导的主语从句，在整个句子中作主语。 　　[9]that could be used for farming in 1974是定语从句，修饰先行词hybrid rice，引导词that在定语从句中作主语。 　　Today， [10]it is estimated㉗ that about 60 percent of domestic㉘ rice consumption㉙ in China is comprised㉚ of crops generated㉛ from Yuan’s hybrid strains㉜， and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.Yuan’s innovation㉝ has helped feed not just China， but many other countries [11]that depend on rice as well， such as India and Vietnam.Because of his invaluable㉞ contributions， Yuan Longping received numerous㉟ awards both in China and abroad. 　　[10]it is estimated that ... 中it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。that只起连接作用，不作任何成分。it作形式主语时，真正的主语可以是动词不定式、动词-ing形式（短语）或从句。本句中generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains是过去分词短语作后置定语，可转化为定语从句which are generated from ...。 　　[11]that depend on rice as well， such as India and Vietnam是定语从句，先行词是countries， that在定语从句中作主语，这里that也可换成which。 　　[12]Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy， one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure㊱.However， this is far from the case㊲.Deep down㊳， Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart.As a man of the soil㊴， he cared little for㊵ celebrity㊶ or money.Instead， he made large donations to support㊷ agricultural research. 　　[12]Given that意为“考虑到；鉴于”，引导原因状语从句。　　 　　[13]What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing㊸ ability to fulfil his dreams㊹.Long ago， he envisioned㊺ rice plants as tall as sorghum㊻， with each ear㊼ of rice as big as a broom㊽， and each grain㊾ of rice as huge as a peanut.He succeeded in producing㊿ a kind of rice [14]that could feed more people at home and abroad.His later visio for “seawater rice” also became a realit， and potentiall opened u nearly one million square kilometres of salt land in China for rice production.Even in his later years， Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision， and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream u next. 　　[13]What impressed people most about Yuan Longping是主语从句。What是主语从句的连接词，且在主语从句中作主语。 　　[14]that could feed more people at home and abroad是定语从句，修饰先行词a kind of rice， that在定语从句中作主语。 ①pioneer n.先锋；拓荒者 ②hybrid n.杂交植（动）物；合成物；混合动力车 ③work the land 耕种土地，在地里工作 ④devote vt.把……献（给）；把……专用于；专心于 devote ... to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心 ⑤pursue a career 从事一种职业 ⑥shortage n.不足；缺少；短缺 a shortage of 缺少 ⑦tackle vt.解决（难题）；应付（局面）；处理 ⑧crisis n.危机；危急关头 in crisis 处于危机中 ⑨work as 担任；以……身份而工作 ⑩solution n.解决办法；处理手段；答案 ⑪boost vt.使增长；使兴旺 n.增长；提高；激励 ⑫yield n.产量；产出 vt.出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等） vi.屈服；让步 ⑬convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 sb was convinced that ... 某人相信…… ⑭cross n.杂交动植物；十字形v.穿过 ⑮varieties of a species 一个物种的变种 ⑯characteristic n.特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的 ⑰attain vt.（通常经过努力）获得；得到 ⑱conventional adj.传统的；习惯的 ⑲pollinate vt.授粉；传粉 ⑳assumption n.假定；设定；（责任的）承担；（权利的）获得 ㉑intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的 ㉒overcome vt.克服；解决；战胜 ㉓enormous adj.巨大的；庞大的 ㉔enable vt.使能够 enable sb to do sth 使某人能做某事 ㉕expand vt. & vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展（业务） ㉖output n.产量；输出；输出量vt.输出 ㉗estimate vt.估计；估价；估算n.估计；估算 It is estimated that ... 据估计…… ㉘domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的 ㉙consumption n.消耗；消耗量；消费 ㉚comprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成 be comprised of 包括；包含；由……组成（或构成） ㉛generate vt.产生；引起 ㉜strain n.（动、植物的）系；品种；拉伤；压力 ㉝innovation n.创新；革新 ㉞invaluable adj.无价的；非常贵重的 ㉟numerous adj.许多的，很多的 ㊱leisure n.闲暇；休闲；空闲 ㊲far from the case 远非如此 ㊳deep down 在内心深处；本质上；实际上 ㊴soil n.泥土；土壤；国土；领土 ㊵care for 关心，照顾；喜欢 ㊶celebrity n.名望；名誉；名人；名流 ㊷make donations to do sth 捐款做某事 ㊸ongoing adj.仍在进行的；不断前进的 ㊹fulfil one’s dreams 实现某人的梦想 ㊺envision vt.展望；想象 ㊻sorghum n.高粱；高粱米 ㊼ear n.（谷类植物的）穗；耳朵 ㊽broom n.扫把；扫帚；金雀花 ㊾grain n.谷物；谷粒；颗粒 ㊿succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 vision n.想象；视力；视野；影像 reality n.现实；实际情况；事实 become a reality 变成现实 potentially adv.可能地，潜在地 open up 打开；开发 salty adj.含盐的；咸的 dream up 凭空想出，虚构出 参考译文 造福全人类的开拓者 　　被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一。然而，他把自己看作是一位农民，因为在研究过程中他不断耕耘土地。确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。 　　袁隆平1930年出生于北京。他的父母希望他从事科学或医学职业，然而，他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。为了应对这一危机，他选择学习农业，在位于重庆的西南农学院接受教育。 　　1953年大学毕业后，他成为一名科研人员。袁隆平意识到，解决问题的办法并不是扩大农田面积，而是农民们需要提高他们已有土地上农作物的产量。如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。杂交指的是两个或者两个以上品种的交叉。杂交作物的一个特点就是它们通常能获得比传统作物更高的产量。然而，是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种，仍众说纷纭。当时人们普遍认为这是不可能实现的。历经千辛万苦，袁隆平攻克了艰巨的技术难题，在1974年开发出了可用于耕作的第一代杂交水稻。这种杂交水稻极大地提高了农民的产量。 　　据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种（形成的作物）让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。袁隆平的创新不仅养活了中国，也养活了以稻米为主食的许多其他国家，如印度和越南。袁隆平凭其不可估量的贡献，在国内外获奖无数。 　　考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而，事实远非如此。实际上，袁隆平在内心深处仍然是一位农民。身为土地之子，他不在乎名利，反而捐赠巨资支持农业研究。 　　袁隆平给人们印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。很早以前，他就设想水稻长得与高粱一样高，每支稻穗与扫帚一样大，每粒稻米与花生一样饱满。他成功培育出能够养活更多人的水稻品种，甚至出口海外。他后来的“海水稻”愿景也已经成为现实，有望在中国开辟近100万平方公里的盐碱地用于水稻生产。即使在他晚年，袁隆平仍然保持年轻的心态，而且满怀憧憬，大家都热切地期待他的下一个不同寻常的想法。 Ⅰ.课文词块默写 1.　work the land　　耕种土地 2.　pursue a career　　　追求事业 3.　tackle this crisis　　　应对这场危机 4.　at home and abroad　　　在国内外 5.　a matter of great debate　　　一个备受争议的问题 6.　through intense effort　　　通过不懈的努力 7.　overcome enormous difficulties　　　克服巨大困难 8.　receive numerous awards　　　获得众多奖项 9.　far from the case　　　远非如此 10.　care little for celebrity or money　　　对出名或金钱漠不关心 Ⅱ.课文原句默写 1.如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。 　How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.　 2.当时人们普遍认为这是不可能实现的。 　The common assumption then was that it could not be done.　 3.袁隆平给人们印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。 　What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　Pets are part of our family so it’s important to factor them in when planning a trip that you’re not taking them with you on.Pet charity Blue Cross advises planning well in advance so you know that your pet will be comfortable. 　　Family and friends 　　Leaving your pet in the care of a trusted friend or neighbour will give you peace of mind that it will be well cared for.Your pet will be able to stay with them in their home. 　　Things to consider if your pet is staying in another house： 　　·Do they have another dog or pet and will they get on with your pet？ 　　·Do they have a garden？ Is the garden secure so your pet can’t escape？ 　　Pet sitter 　　Pet sitters stay in or visit your home to look after your pet while you’re away for a fee.This is a good option which allows your pet to stay in a familiar environment and you will receive regular updates. 　　How to find a good pet sitter： 　　·Ask friends and family for recommendations for pet sitters. 　　·Pet sitters don’t need a license to work， but reputable ones will be able to show you training and insurance certificates. 　　·Check reviews online from independent review sites. 　　Home boarder 　　Home boarders are people that take pets into their own homes to look after for a fee. 　　How to find a good home boarder： 　　·Check their home has no obvious dangers， like exposed wires， toxic substances and unsecured fences. 　　·Your pet is invited round to get to know the home and meet the family it’ll be staying with. 　　·You can easily find and view their license to board pets at home from the local council as well as their insurance details and training. 　　Boarding kennels 　　Kennels are an option， but it depends whether your pet is comfortable being left alone in a kennel environment around other pets. 　　How to find a boarding kennel： 　　·Get a personal recommendation， and check the kennel is licensed. 　　·Ask if you can visit before you book. 　　·Ask about insurance cover and the procedure for contacting a vet （兽医）. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在主人外出旅行时，照顾并安置家中宠物的四种方式。 1.If you prefer your pet to stay in a familiar environment， you can leave it with 　　　　.（　　） A.a friend　 B.a pet sitter C.a home boarder　 D.a boarding kennel 解析：B　细节理解题。根据Pet sitter部分可知，选择宠物保姆能让你的宠物待在一个熟悉的环境中。 2.How can one find a suitable home boarder？（　　） A.Call the insurance company.　　 B.Check the license from the local council. C.Check reviews from independent review sites.　　 D.Invite him over to your home and meet your family. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据Home boarder部分可知，想要给宠物找一个合适的寄宿家庭，可以查一下当地议会的家庭宠物执照。 3.Who may find this passage most useful？（　　） A.A vet who desires to change his job.　　 B.A man who is considering adopting a dog. C.A couple who are planning to rent a house.　　 D.A pet owner who will take a business trip. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，本文是写给不计划带宠物出去旅行，而想要宠物得到照顾的人看的。由此推断，D项（一个要出差的养宠物的人）会觉得这篇文章很有用。 B 　　Every time you go shopping， the vegetables and fruit look so attractive that you wish you could buy all of them.Some people are lucky and can grow the fruit and vegetables in the gardens that they have.While getting fresh vegetables， they can also achieve great cost-cutting. 　　Mushrooms are expensive and can also go bad very quickly.Mushrooms can also be grown easily in a dark environment.In fact， it’s better than growing other vegetables since you really don’t need an outdoor space.A special type of soil that is good for growing mushrooms is easily available. 　　Actually， mushrooms aren’t even vegetables；they are fungi （真菌） and for this reason， you don’t even require sunlight to grow them.Well， how does one go about growing mushrooms？ You could always Google “growing mushrooms” and you will find a number of mushroom growing kits （成套工具） available online that are effective and not very expensive either. 　　Mushrooms can be added to any dish that you cook.Simply use them in pizza， salad and anything that you pretty much want.Grow mushrooms in your own house and use them whenever you want to.Fresh mushrooms are tastier than the ones that are stored in your refrigerator. 　　If you have had a really good crop of mushrooms， then you can even store them.Ideally you should use the white variety of the mushrooms.Simply pick them， slice them and put them on a cookie sheet in a freezer.When they are frozen， just put them in a zip lock and you can use them when you want to.They give a really great taste to the dish that you are making.Thaw （解冻） them before you use them. 　　You should try growing mushrooms， since it’s cost-effective.Furthermore， you can eat the fresh mushrooms any time that you want. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。蘑菇是人们餐桌上的美食，你想没想过亲自动手种蘑菇呢？文章就如何种蘑菇给出了建议。 4.What is an advantage of growing mushrooms according to the passage？（　　） A.You can eat all kinds of vegetables.　　 B.You are lucky to eat what you like. C.You can save lots of money.　　 D.You can satisfy your desire. 解析：C　推理判断题。依据第一段最后一句、第二段第一句中的Mushrooms are expensive和最后一段第一句可推知，自己动手种蘑菇能省很多钱。 5.The third paragraph is mainly to tell us that 　　　　.（　　） A.mushrooms are not vegetables　　 B.the Internet helps us a lot C.mushrooms are available online　　 D.it is easy to grow mushrooms 解析：D　段落大意题。第三段主要讲述了蘑菇不需要阳光即可生长，并且在网上搜索即可得到种植的成套工具，即种蘑菇很容易。 6.Which of the following is the right order of storing mushrooms？（　　） a.Put them on a cookie sheet in the refrigerator.　　 b.Place frozen mushrooms in a zip lock. c.Cut them into slices.　　 d.Choose the white mushrooms. A.a－b－c－d　 B.d－c－a－b　　 C.a－d－c－b　 D.d－a－c－b 解析：B　细节理解题。依据第五段中的use the white variety of the mushrooms、 slice them、 put them on a cookie sheet in a freezer、 put them in a zip lock可知，B项正确。 7.What would be the best title for this passage？（　　） A.It is easy and fun to grow mushrooms　　 B.We should eat more fruit and vegetables C.Mushrooms online are very expensive　　 D.Mushrooms — tasty and healthy vegetables 解析：A　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了作者自己动手种蘑菇的体验并给出了建议。A项（种植蘑菇既简单又有趣）可作文章最佳标题。 C 　　You’re in a bit of a dilemma standing in front of the produce section of your local supermarket.In one hand， you’re holding a conventionally grown Granny Smith apple.In your other hand， you have one that’s been organically grown.Both apples are firm， shiny and green.Both provide vitamins and fiber， and both are free of fat， sodium and cholesterol. 　　The conventionally grown apple costs less and is a proven family favorite.But the organic apple has a label that says “USDA Organic”.Does that mean it’s better？ Safer？ More nutritious？ Become a better informed consumer for your next trip to the supermarket.Several differences between organic and non-organic foods exist.The word “organic” refers to the way farmers grow and process agricultural products， such as fruits， vegetables， grains， dairy products and meat.Organic farming practices are designed to encourage soil and water conservation and reduce pollution.Farmers who grow organic produce and meat don’t use conventional methods to fertilize， control weeds or prevent livestock disease. 　　Here are other differences between conventional farming and organic farming： Conventional farming Organic farming Apply chemical fertilizers to promote plant growth. Apply natural fertilizers to feed soil and plants. Apply insecticide to reduce pests and disease. Use beneficial insects and birds to reduce pests and disease. Give animals antibiotics， growth hormones and medications to prevent disease and promote growth. Give animals organic foods and allow them access to the outdoors.Use preventive measures — such as a balanced diet and clean housing — to help minimize disease. 　　*Organic or not check the label 　　The U.S. Department of Agriculture （USDA） has established an organic certification program that requires all organic foods to meet strict government standards.These standards regulate how such foods are grown， handled and processed.Any farmer or food manufacturer who labels and sells a product as organic must be USDA certified as meeting these standards.Only producers who sell less than $5，000 a year in organic foods are exempt （免除） from this certification. 　　If a food bears a USDA organic label， it means it’s produced and processed according to the USDA standards.The seal is voluntary， but many organic producers use it. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“有机食品”一词对我们来说耳熟能详。但有机食物和传统食物在农业生产过程中到底有怎样的差异，并不是每一个人都很清楚。 8.What’s the main purpose of the passage？（　　） A.Promote the sales of organic foods. B.Inform people that organic foods are better for their health. C.Compare conventional and organic foods. D.Persuade people to become informed consumers. 解析：C　写作目的题。文章第一段就提出conventional apple和organic apple的不同概念，下文就这两种事物进行了对比。由此推断，文章的写作目的是告诉人们传统食品与有机食品的差别。 9.According to the passage， what’s organic farming intended to？（　　） A.To improve the quality of the soil and water. B.To take the place of the traditional agriculture entirely. C.To prevent livestock from getting disease more effectively. D.To adopt environmentally friendly methods to grow plants and feed animals. 解析：D　细节理解题。文章表格中对有机农业和传统农业做法的对比体现了有机农业的优势：在对环境有益的基础上生产健康的食品。由此可知，有机农业旨在采用环保方法种植植物和喂养动物。 10.Which of the following methods belongs to organic farming？（　　） A.Using chemicals to kill insects and prevent disease. B.Using rotted plants as fertilizers to promote plant growth. C.Using growth hormones to speed up animals’ growth. D.Using pests to reduce insects and disease. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据表格右栏中的Apply natural fertilizers to feed soil and plants.可知，B项正确。 11.From the passage we know the organic certification program 　　　　.（　　） A.is not meant for produce of all producers B.makes it a must to attach a USDA Organic label C.sets restrictions on the sales of organic produce D.requires all foods to satisfy the strict government standards 解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，并非所有农产品的生产商都要给他们的产品进行有机认证。 D 　　An average 30-year-old person who has eaten three meals a day since birth has eaten more than 30，000 meals to date.Even if you’ve only eaten half that much， you have to admit this：you’ve let some of that breakfast， lunch or dinner go to waste.And it turns out we’re all to blame for this shaming fact：30% of all food produced in the world each year is wasted or lost.That’s about 1.3 billion tons， according to a new report by the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization. 　　That’s the weight of more than 8.6 million full-grown blue whales， the largest creatures on earth.That’s the weight of more than 2.3 million Airbus A380s， the largest planes in existence.That’s as if each person in China， the world’s most populous country with more than 1.3 billion people， had one ton mass of food thrown into the dustbin.It’s almost unfathomable， isn’t it？ 　　Setting aside that big number， we find the people with the most money are the ones who waste the most.On average， a person in European and North American countries wastes between 95 and 115 kilograms of food.Sub-Saharan African， South Asian and Southeast Asian countries waste much， much less — between 6 and 11 kilograms per person. 　　Here’s another statistic：all the food that the world’s richest countries waste is about equal to all the food that sub-Saharan Africa produces.The numbers：222 million tons and 230 million tons， respectively （分别地）.Basically， the wasted food of the rich could feed much of the African continent.And these numbers come as we’ve just been reporting about rising food prices around the world in the past week. 　　And my own personal tip：if I eat at a restaurant and can’t finish it all， I ask for a doggie bag.I used to be a waiter years ago and will never forget the amounts of food I saw left on the table after the bill was paid.There’s no reason to waste food.It’s up to all of us to use our common sense to eat and shop just a bit more wisely. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上浪费食物的严重现象，并呼吁大家停止浪费食物。 12.What does the underlined word “unfathomable” in paragraph 2 mean？（　　） A.Possible to imagine.　　 B.Impossible to change. C.Impossible to understand.　　 D.Possible to understand. 解析：C　词义猜测题。第二段将每年浪费的食物的重量形象地作了比喻：超过了860万头蓝鲸的重量，也超过了230万架空中客车A380的重量，好比中国人均向垃圾桶里倾倒一吨的食物。由此可推知，这种现象使人难以理解，unfathomable意为“难以理解的，深不可测的”。 13.It can be learned that the food the rich waste can support 　　　　.（　　） A.half the people in Europe　　 B.most people of America C.most people of Asia　　 D.most people of Africa 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知，富有的国家浪费的食物可以养活非洲大陆大部分地区的人。 14.What did the author give his personal tip based on？（　　） A.The fact that he was once very poor.　　 B.The fact that he was once a farmer. C.The fact that he once worked in a restaurant.　　 D.The fact that the price of food is very high. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，作者的建议是根据他曾是一个餐馆服务员的工作经历而给出的。 15.What is the purpose of this article？（　　） A.To show the author’s opinion of food.　　 B.To let us live more wisely and not waste food. C.To show the amount of wasted food a year.　　 D.To ask the richest countries to help African people. 解析：B　写作目的题。根据第一段倒数第二句和最后一段最后两句可推知，文章的写作目的在于让人们不要浪费食物，要更明智地生活。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　According to medical experts， people do not need food as much as they need water.If you are in good physical shape， you are likely to survive longer.In fact， the body stores fat and other forms of energy.The fatter you are， the more fat your body can store.16.（　　） 　　The survival time without food also depends on how fast a person burns food.Those who use up food energy faster will probably not survive as long as those who burn food energy more slowly. 　　Climate also plays an important role in it.17.（　　） However， hot climate allows you to go on longer without replacing food. 　　18.（　　） It may lead to physical weakness or confusion.After many weeks without food， your body organs can fail one after another.Even so， people can still survive without food for up to two months as long as they have enough to drink. 　　However， living without water can be a very different story.Every minute， we lose water through breathing and other activities.The water that our bodies lose must be replaced so that our organs can work properly.19.（　　） Otherwise， we may suffer a heat stroke （中暑）. 　　Dehydration （严重脱水） can lead to many illnesses.In the beginning， you may just suffer a dry mouth or a fast heartbeat.20.（　　） Therefore， you should never go on without water for a day or more. A.Water helps us cool down in the heat. B.However， we can’t live long without water. C.That is why fatter people can survive longer. D.Cold weather makes you use up more energy. E.Eating too much is not necessary in our daily life. F.But a few weeks later， you may be in a state of shock. G.Eating too little causes your body to react in some special ways. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要指出了相比于食物，人们存活更需要水。人体内可以存储一些脂肪和能量备用，而呼吸和其他身体活动却随时随地在消耗人体内的水分。 16.C　此空设于段尾，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。C项中的That指代前一句中提到的The fatter you are，the more fat your body can store.。 17.D　此空设于段中，所填句和空后一句都是对前一句的进一步解释。前一句指出，气候在人们存活的过程中扮演着很重要的角色，此句和后一句分别提出寒冷天气和炎热的气候是如何具体影响的。 18.G　此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。此句提出，吃得太少会导致身体作出一些特殊的反应，接着下文具体描述这些反应。 19.A　此空设于段中，与下文存在转折关系。本段主要是讲缺水可能会带来的后果。后一句句意为“否则，我们可能会中暑。”由此可推测，此句是提出水可以帮助我们在炎热的天气下降温。 20.F　此空设于段中，是对第一句的进一步解释。第一句指出，严重脱水可以导致很多疾病，接着提出了刚开始的后果。由此推测，此句是表明几周后，你可能会处于休克状态。 核心词汇集释 1.devote vt.把……献（给）；把……专用于；专心于 教材原句　Indeed， his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers， to whom he had devoted his life.确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。 【用法】 （1）devote ... to　 把……用于；献身；致力；专心 devote oneself to　　献身于……；致力于…… （2）devoted adj.　　忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to （doing） sth　专心于（做）某事；致力于（做）某事 （3）devotion n.　　关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 【佳句】　I will make every effort to take good care of my aged grandfather because he has devoted most of his life to bringing up two generations.　（叙事描写） 我将尽一切努力照顾好我年迈的祖父，因为他把一生中的大部分时间都用来养育两代人了。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①All in all， it is high time that we devoted ourselves to 　protecting　 （protect） oceans. ②　Devoted　（devote） to his research， rarely does the scientist go to the cinema with his family. ③It is his 　devotion　（devote） to his learning that enables him to attain a doctor’s degree. 【写美】　完成句子 ④我最钦佩的人是我的英语老师，他致力于教学。 The person I admire most is my English teacher 　who/that devotes himself to his teaching　.（定语从句） 2.convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 教材原句　Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。 【用法】 （1）convince sb to do sth　　说服某人做某事 convince sb of sth　　使某人相信某事 convince sb that ... 　　使某人相信…… （2）convinced adj.　　确信的；深信的 be convinced that/of ... 　　确信…… （3）convincing adj.　　令人信服的；有说服力的 【佳句】　We are supposed to convince the students of the need of wide reading.　（倡议信） 我们应该让学生们认识到广泛阅读的必要性。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①From his 　convincing　 words，I was entirely 　convinced　 of his ability to tackle this problem perfectly.（convince） 【写美】　句式升级 ②Because I am convinced that Li Hua has the ability to do the job， I am writing to recommend him to you. →　Convinced that Li Hua has the ability to do the job　， I am writing to recommend him to you.（非谓语动词作状语） 3.attain vt.（通常经过努力）获得；得到 教材原句　One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.杂交作物的一个特点就是它们通常能获得比传统作物更高的产量。 【用法】 （1）attain one’s goal（s）　　实现某人的目标 attain knowledge　　获得知识 （2）attainable adj.　　可获得的 【佳句】　His painting of people attained a level never known before.　（人物介绍） 他的人物画达到了前所未有的水平。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①This standard is easily 　attainable　（attain） by most students. 【写美】　补全句子 ②　In order to attain her goal　（为了实现她的目标）， she practises singing and playing the violin every day. 4.assumption n.假定；设定；（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得 教材原句　The common assumption then was that it could not be done. 当时人们普遍认为这是不可能实现的。 【用法】 （1）on the assumption that ...假定…… make an assumption　　作出假设 （2）assume v.　假定；设想；承担；假装 It is assumed that ... 　　人们认为…… （3）assuming （that） ... 　　假定…… 【佳句】　On the assumption that we adopt the suggestions he offered to us， I am convinced that we can tackle the present crisis smoothly.　（建议信） 假定我们采纳他提出的建议，我相信我们能顺利地解决目前的危机。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①We make an 　assumption　（assume） that everyone invited will turn up at the party and is making preparations. ②　Assuming　（assume） that I am chosen to be a volunteer at the Olympics， I will serve the people heart and soul. 【写美】　完成句子 ③人们认为能源短缺问题可以通过我们的共同努力得到解决。 　It is assumed that　 the problem of energy shortage can be solved through our joint efforts. 5.overcome vt.克服；解决；战胜 教材原句　Through intense effort， Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. 历经千辛万苦，袁隆平攻克了艰巨的技术难题，在1974年开发出了可用于耕作的第一代杂交水稻。 【用法】 （1）overcome the enemy　　　　战胜敌人 overcome the difficulties　　克服困难 （2）be overcome by fear/despair/depression　被恐惧/绝望/抑郁困扰 【佳句】　（外研选必一）Taking years to complete， the Qinghai-Xizang Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges. 青藏铁路历时数年建成，它是我们克服最艰巨的工程难题所付出的全部心血的见证。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①　Overcome　（overcome） by great joy，they hugged together firmly as if they would never separate again. ②It was inspiring that our team easily 　overcame　 （overcome） their team in the final game. 【写美】　完成句子 ③这只狼怒火中烧，它开始咆哮。 The wolf 　was overcome with extreme anger　；it began to roar. 6.expand vt. & vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展（业务） vi.详述 教材原句　This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly. 这种杂交水稻极大地提高了农民的产量。 【用法】 （1）expand/broaden one’s horizons 拓宽视野 expand one’s vocabulary　　扩大词汇量 expand on/upon　　充分叙述；详细阐明 （2）expansion n.　　膨胀；扩展；扩张；扩大 【佳句】　I repeated the question and waited for her to expand. 我重复了这个问题，等着她详细回答。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①A rise in the temperature of the gas results in its 　expansion　 （expand）. 【写美】　完成句子 ②最重要的是拓宽我的视野和结交更多新朋友的机会。 What matters most is the opportunity 　to expand my horizons　 as well as make more new friends. 7.estimate vt.估计；估价；估算n.估计；估算 教材原句　Today， it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains， and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种（形成的作物）让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 【用法】 （1）It is estimated that ... 据估计…… （2）by estimate　　按照估计 a rough estimate of sth　　对某物粗略的估计 （3）estimation n.　　估计；评价；判断 【佳句】　We estimated his income at/to be about ￡8，000 a year. 我们估计他一年的收入大约8，000英镑。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①It is difficult 　to estimate　 （estimate） how many animals lost their lives in the forest fire. ②He has gone down considerably in my 　estimation　（estimate）. 【写美】　补全句子 ③　It’s estimated that　 （据估计）nearly a third of the customers of fast-food restaurants eat alone. 重点句型解构 1.句型公式：明喻修辞手法 教材原句　Indeed， his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers， to whom he had devoted his life. 确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。 【用法】 （1）明喻：在强调两种事物的相似点的同时，本体、喻体、喻词都出现，喻词有like、 as、 compared to、 be similar to等； （2）暗喻：也叫隐喻，根据两个事物间的某些共同特征，将某一事物的名称用于另一事物。暗喻一般是本体、喻体都出现，但找不出像like、 as、 as if之类的喻词； （3）拟人：指把生物或动物直接当作人来描写； （4）夸张：以一种言过其实的说法表达强调的目的。 【佳句】　（北师大选必一）I’m way beyond a shy or reserved person， but I’m wired up every day， like most of my friends.　（人物描写） 我远非一个害羞或含蓄的人，但是我每天都精力充沛，就像我的大部分朋友那样。 【写美】　完成句子 ①一收到这个坏消息，我们焦虑不安，如坐针毡。 On receiving the bad news，we were filled with anxiety，　feeling like sitting on pins and needles　. ②我如鲠在喉，泪水湿润了眼眶。 　I felt a lump in my throat　， tears welling up in my eyes. ③当他们告诉我这个消息时，我乐不可支。 When they told me the news， I was 　over the moon/on the top of the world　. ④当我在电话里听到女儿的声音时，我的心几乎停止跳动。 　My heart almost stopped beating　 when I heard my daughter’s voice on the phone. 2.句型公式：given that引导状语从句 教材原句　Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy， one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. 考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 【用法】 （1）given that引导原因状语从句，可根据语境译为“考虑到，鉴于”，其中that可以省略。 （2）其他同义表达有considering、 regarding、 supposing （that）（假如）、 assuming （that）（假定）、 as long as （只要）等。 【佳句】　Given that the twins had no experience in cooking a Mother’s Day breakfast，the father was willing to help them，with a smile spreading on his face.　（情节描写） 考虑到这对双胞胎没有做母亲节早餐的经验，父亲面带笑容地乐意帮助他们。 【写美】　完成句子/一句多译 ①我通常花钱是很理智的，考虑到自己挣得不多，必须这样做。 Usually， I am sensible with money， as I have to be， 　considering that　 I don’t earn that much. ②鉴于你要参加中国诗歌朗诵比赛，我想给你提供一些实用的建议。　（建议信） →　Given that you will take part in a Chinese poetry reciting contest　， I’d like to offer you some practical advice.（given that） →　Supposing （that） you will take part in a Chinese poetry reciting contest　， I’d like to offer you some practical advice.（supposing） →　Assuming （that） you will take part in a Chinese poetry reciting contest　， I’d like to offer you some practical advice.（assuming） Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.It is up to the government to 　tackle　 （处理） the air pollution problem and work out measures in line with the council’s suggestions. 2.A 　characteristic　 （特点） of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water. 3.Her feelings are so 　intense　 （热切的） as to move the people present into tears. 4.Were it not for the support of the teachers，the student could not 　overcome　 （克服） her difficulty. 5.The new technology，if applied to rice growing，will help increase the grain 　output　 （产量）. Ⅱ.补全句子 1.　It is estimated that　（据估计） total investment in the country will continue to increase this year. 2.With 　more and more forests cut down　 （越来越多的森林被砍伐）， large quantities of soil are being washed away. 3.Coral reefs are not just beautiful to look at， 　but （also） very useful　 （而且非常有用）. Ⅰ.品句填词 1.The wind farm may be able to 　generate　 （产生） enough electricity/power for 2，000 homes. 2.In order to 　expand　 （增加） my knowledge of Tianjin， such as its history， tradition and food， I spend every spare moment I have in the library. 3.Many soldiers died because of a 　shortage　 （缺乏） of medicine and medical workers then. 4.We can surely 　overcome　 （克服） these difficulties as long as we are closely united. 5.The club is aimed at helping us to broaden our 　vision　 （视野） and enrich our school lives. 6.Let me share with you the ancient Chinese 　celebrity　 （名人） I like best. 7.Family members will gather together and manyconventional　 （传统的） activities will be carried out. 8.Undoubtedly， smart products make communication convenient and 　leisure　 （休闲） time colourful. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.My assessments were based on the 　assumption　 （assume） that house prices would remain steady. 2.From now on， you’re going to have to stay away from 　salty　 （salt） food. 3.From my first job at the restaurant，I learned teamwork and 　devotion　 （devote）. 4.The 　reality　 （real） is that it will only become more popular in the future. 5.We need to cut down on our fuel 　consumption　 （consume） by having fewer cars on the road. Ⅲ.固定搭配和句式 1.These measures will enable us to 　tackle the current crisis　 （应对当前的危机） and promote economic recovery. 2.Persuasion is the art of 　convincing others to agree with your point of view　 （使他人相信你的观点）. 3.　Given that the population has increased rapidly　 （鉴于人口快速增长） in the past few years， it is hardly surprising that there exists a food shortage. 4.　It is estimated that　 （据估算） about 5，000 people need to move out of that area. 5.That building 　is composed/comprised of eight parts　 （由八部分组成）， each with a shopping mall. 6.I 　am firmly convinced of　 （我坚信） the significance of honesty，which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society. Ⅳ.一词多义/熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思 1.digest A.vi. & vt.消化　　　 B.vt.理解；领会　　C.n.摘要 ①I only read this digest of the novel，so I don’t know the details.　　　C　 ②I haven’t entirely digested what he said just now.　　　B　 ③I prefer this kind of food， because it digests well.　　　A　 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的汉语意思 2.I will never yield to the temporary difficulties I am facing now.　　屈服；让步　 3.Her parents were overcome with great sadness at the funeral.　　受到……的极大影响　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Liberty Hill Farm 　　Liberty Hill Farm， recognized as Vermont’s first Green Agritourism Enterprise， offers visitors opportunities to milk and feed Robeth Holstein cows.It also has a small hotel with seven guest rooms， which makes it a perfect destination for those looking to enjoy a relaxing vacation along with a farm tour. Walker Honey Farm 　　Curious about how honey goes from beehive （蜂箱） to bottle？ Visit the family-owned Walker Honey Farm in Texas， where you can take a guided walking tour of the farm’s facilities and hear first-hand from beekeepers.The 45-minute tour also includes a stop at Dancing Bee Winery on the farm’s property， where guests can try honey wine， one of the oldest wines still consumed today. Charleston Tea Plantation 　　Charleston Tea Plantation is North America’s only tea plantation.Guests can see the acres of tea plants and visit the only tea factory in America.There’s also an option to take an amazing tour with Bill Hall， a third-generation tea taster who oversees the daily operations here.Want to take some tea to go？ Visit the on-site gift shop to buy speciality teas and related items like tea cups. Thoroughbred Heritage Horse Farm Tours 　　On the three-hour and guided tours， guests can see and learn more about Calumet Farm， a farm famous for excellent horses and racing operations covering nearly 800 acres.Tours also include glimpses （体验） of movie filming locations for films like Secretariat， Seabiscuit and Dreamer. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4个可供参观的农场。 1.Which of the following tours provides accommodation for tourists？（　　） A.Liberty Hill Farm.　　 B.Walker Honey Farm. C.Charleston Tea Plantation.　　 D.Thoroughbred Heritage Horse Farm Tours. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据Liberty Hill Farm部分可知，Liberty Hill Farm可以给游客提供住宿。 2.What do Walker Honey Farm and Charleston Tea Plantation have in common？（　　） A.They are unique in their areas.　　 B.They both include a 45-minute tour. C.They are world-famous tourist attractions.　　 D.They offer direct communication with the staff. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据Walker Honey Farm部分第二句和Charleston Tea Plantation部分第三句可知，这两个地方可以让游客直接与员工沟通。 3.Why are Secretariat， Seabiscuit and Dreamer mentioned？（　　） A.To explain the visiting process.　　 B.To introduce some famous movies. C.To stress the popularity of the farms.　　 D.To present an eye-catcher of the tours. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据Thoroughbred Heritage Horse Farm Tours部分最后一句可知，这一段提到这些地方是为了介绍这是一个引人注目的旅游景点。 B 　　Today just as technology changed the face of industry， farmers have undergone an “agricultural revolution”.On the farm of today， machines provide almost all the power. 　　One of the most important benefits will be the farm computer.A few forward-looking farmers are already using computers to help them run their farms more efficiently.The computers help them keep more accurate records so they can make better decisions on what crops to plant， how much livestock to buy， when to sell their products， and how much profit they can expect.Many computer companies have been developing special computer programs just for farmers.Programs are being written for hog （猪） producers， grain farmers， potato farmers， and dairy farmers.In the future， farmers will be able to purchase computer programs made to their needs.Because of the growing importance of computers on the farm， students at agricultural colleges are required to take computer classes in addition to their normal agricultural courses.There can be no doubt that farmers will rely on computers even more in the future.While the old-time farm depended on horse power， and modern farms depend on machine power， farms of the future will depend on computer power. 　　Another technological advance which is still in the experimental stage is the robot， a real “mechanized hired hand” that will be able to move and， in some ways， think like a human being.Agricultural engineers believe that computer-aided robots will make startling changes in farming before the end of the century.Unlike farmers of the present， farmers of the future will find that many day-to-day tasks will be done for them.Scientists are now developing robots that will be able to shear （修剪） sheep， drive tractors， and harvest fruit.Even complex jobs will be done by robots.For example， in order to milk their cows， farmers must first drive them into the special barn （畜棚）， then connect them to the milking machines， watch the machines， and disconnect them when they are finished.In the future， this will all be done by robots.In addition， when the milking is completed， the robots will automatically check to make sure that the milk is pure.The complete mobilization of the farm is far in the future， but engineers expect that some robots will be used before long. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。技术改变了工业，那么农业也从机械化到计算机化，正经历着农业革命。 4.Which sentence carries the main idea of the whole passage？（　　） A.The first sentence of the first paragraph.　　 B.The first sentence of the second paragraph. C.The first sentence of the third paragraph.　　 D.The last sentence of the second paragraph. 解析：A　主旨大意题。全文讲的是未来的农业趋势是计算机化以及机器人的大量使用。 5.According to the passage， computers can not help farmers decide 　　　　.（　　） A.how much money they can earn from their products B.whether to plant a certain kind of crop C.what livestock to raise D.when to sell their products 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第二段的what crops to plant，how much livestock to buy，when to sell their products，and how much profit they can expect可知，使用计算机能够做到的不包括饲养什么牲畜。 6.According to the engineers， what will be done by robots in the near future？（　　） A.All farm work.　　 B.Milking cows. C.Most of the farm work.　　 D.Some farm work. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的farmers of the future will find that many day-to-day tasks will be done for them可知，未来的农民会发现许多日常工作机器人会为他们完成。 7.What is the best title for the passage？（　　） A.Computer， Farmers’ Best Friend　　 B.The Agricultural Revolution C.Farmers in the Future　　 D.Computers and Robots 解析：B　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，B项（农业革命）最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　Including children in the farming lifestyle has many benefits.Sure， it is nice to have the additional help with chores （家庭杂务）， but it also fosters so much growth， sending our kids down a good path towards who they will someday become.It is possible that our children will grow up to lead lives that do not include farming.8.（　　） 　　Through caring for farm animals， kids learn that in life others often come before self.9.（　　） It doesn’t matter if we don’t feel like it or if we are sick and tired.What matters is that we take care of the animals that take care of us and do so in a timely manner. 　　10.（　　） If the work on a farm does not get done， the operation fails.It takes discipline and commitment to get down to business every day， and seeing this in action will give kids a good work attitude.They will know and understand that nothing good comes easy and that they have to work to survive.11.（　　） Functioning as part of a productive team will surely be playing a crucial role sooner or later in all walks of life. 　　Additionally， farming teaches patience.12.（　　） Cattle will be difficult to control.Horses will run away when you try to catch them.Goats will kick over that bucket of hard-earned milk.A rooster will decide you got too close to his hens and give you a run for your money.In spite of all these， kids will learn to be patient and take things easy. 　　There may not be any instant reward， but in the long-term kids will see the benefit of all their efforts during those hard days. A.At the same time， they learn to work with others. B.Farm life also teaches kids the value of hard work. C.Children learn to be grateful for animals for eating purpose. D.Teamwork is no longer an important skill to develop and use. E.There are going to be a lot of days when things do not go your way. F.However， what they learn on a farm can also be instrumental in their future lives. G.Animals need to be fed， watered， and cared for before we get to sit down and relax. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了干农活对孩子们的好处。 8.F　设空前一句意思是“有可能孩子们长大后的生活不包括农活”。F项（然而，在农场的所学对孩子们今后的生活也有帮助）进而转折，符合语境。 9.G　本段介绍了在照顾动物的农活中孩子们受益。 10.B　本空在句首应概括农场生活教会了孩子们辛勤劳动的价值。 11.A　设空后面介绍干农活需要团队合作，故此空应表示通过干农活孩子们学会了与他人合作。 12.E　本段介绍了干农活教会了孩子需要有耐心。 Ⅲ.完形填空 　　There is always a person in your life that you can count on.That person is the one that 　13　 you life and loves you unconditionally.A mother’s love is priceless and will always 　14　.Their care and love is like a beautiful rose， but a rose that is unable to die.　15　 overpowers the warmth when a mother’s hug is received.You can 　16　 the warmth in your happy moments， but most importantly in your saddest ones. 　　My mother is the 　17　 person I know.She has been through so much， yet she was able to move on and love her 　18　 as well as she did.She had the 　19　 to get away from a sad marriage.She left without a job， a place to live， or money for that matter.She never 　20　 us nor herself.She went to 　21　 and did a master’s degree.Working hard and making sure that none of her children were missing anything was her number one 　22　.The stress of being a 　23　 mother made her love for us much stronger. 　　I believe that the separation gave my mother more hope and 　24　.She knew how much my siblings （兄弟，姐妹） and I were 　25　， but she comforted us with her love.She is the one who keeps the house running and under control.　26　 it may seem to her that we 　27　 her love for granted， I can assure her that it can’t be ... a mother’s love is priceless. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己的母亲阐述了母爱的伟大。 13.A.made　 B.gave C.sent　 D.found 解析：B　根据下文中的A mother’s love is priceless可知，那个人就是给予（gave）你生命，并且无条件爱你的人。 14.A.live　 B.appear　　 C.come　 D.exist 解析：D　母亲的爱是无价的，永远存在（exist）的。 15.A.Nothing　 B.Something　　 C.Anything　 D.Everything 解析：A　根据空后的overpowers the warmth并结合上文可推断，当你被拥入母亲的怀抱时，没有什么能让你和这份温暖分离。 16.A.use　 B.take　　 C.feel　 D.see 解析：C　在快乐的时刻，你可以感受（feel）到母亲与你分享的这种温暖，但最重要的是她在你最伤心的时候给你温暖。空后的宾语是the warmth。 17.A.strictest　 B.happiest　　 C.strongest　 D.luckiest 解析：C　根据下文的讲述可推断，“我”的母亲是“我”认识的最坚强的（strongest）人。 18.A.parents　 B.pets　　 C.children　 D.work 解析：C　根据设空处前后可推断，母亲尽她所能爱她的孩子（children）。 19.A.wish　 B.belief　　 C.thought　 D.courage 解析：D　根据空后的to get away from a sad marriage可推断，她有勇气（courage）摆脱痛苦的婚姻。 20.A.gave up on　 B.took charge of　　 C.gave in to　 D.take care of 解析：A　根据下文中的did a master’s degree可推断，她从不放弃（gave up on）我们也不放弃自己。 21.A.hospital　 B.church　　 C.college　 D.school 解析：C　根据空后的did a master’s degree可知，她上了大学取得了硕士学位。得到硕士学位，应是上大学（college）。 22.A.benefit　 B.hobby　　 C.activity　 D.task 解析：D　根据本句语境可知，她努力工作，保证孩子什么都不错过是她的首要任务（task）。 23.A.single　 B.happy　　 C.confident　 D.strong 解析：A　根据上文中的get away from a sad marriage可知，作为一个单亲母亲的压力使她更加爱我们。 24.A.trouble　 B.confidence　　 C.happiness　 D.sadness 解析：B　“我”相信分离会给母亲带来更多希望和信心。空前的and连接并列成分，hope与confidence意义相近。 25.A.suffering　 B.expecting　　 C.enjoying　 D.getting 解析：A　根据后半句but she comforted us with her love可推断，她知道“我”和兄弟姐妹们遭受（suffering）了多少苦难，但她用她的爱安慰我们。 26.A.As　 B.Though　　 C.If　 D.When 解析：B　尽管看起来似乎对她来说，她对“我们”的爱是理所当然的，“我”可以向她保证绝不是那样的……，一个母亲的爱是无价的。as引导让步状语从句要倒装，不符合此处语境。 27.A.put　 B.set　　 C.take　 D.think 解析：C　take ... for granted意为“认为……理所当然”，是固定短语。 30 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $