UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦非限制性定语从句核心知识点，通过“先感悟—会发现—善归纳”逻辑链，对比其与限制性定语从句在形式、作用、关系词及指代上的区别，系统梳理关系词（who/where/which/when/as等）用法及as与which的差异，结合词汇（conclusion/circumstance）讲解构建完整学习支架。 该资料以“形式—意义—使用”三维语法观为指导，通过故事导入、教材与高考真题例句（如2024新课标Ⅰ卷）及分层练习（感悟、发现、归纳、运用），提升学生语言运用能力与思维品质，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后助力学生巩固语法知识、查漏补缺。

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 非限制性定语从句 　　Nat， who① was ten years old， lived in a small town in England.He always stayed in England for his holidays， but one day he decided to go to Spain， where② all his friends liked to go for their holidays.First he went to Madrid， which③ is the capital of Spain， and stayed in a small hotel.On the first morning， he wanted to go out for a walk.As④ we all know，in England， people drive on the left.But in Spain， they drive on the right， which⑤ he forgot.He put off the outing until the next Sunday， when⑥ his friend wouldn’t be so busy. ①处who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Nat； ②处where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Spain； ③处which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Madrid； ④处As 引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整句话的内容； ⑤处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容； ⑥处when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the next Sunday。 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观 一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 【先感悟】 ①（教材例句）In the beginning， Tu Youyou went to Hainan， where malaria was more common， to study malaria patients. ②（教材例句）This medicine， which was called artemisinin， soon became a standard treatment for malaria. ③（教材例句）Later， the medicine was tested on malaria patients， most of whom recovered. ④（外研必修一）If this works， there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again. ⑤（2024·九省联考）Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. 【会发现】 　①②③　 句是非限制性定语从句；　④⑤　 句是限制性定语从句。 【善归纳】 1.外在表现形式不同 限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切，所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。 2.在句中作用不同 （1）限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体、更明确；限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。 （2）非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不十分密切，只是对其作一些附加说明，不起限定制约作用；如果将非限制性定语从句省去，主句的意义仍然完整。 3.关系词不同 关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略。 4.关系代词指代不同 限制性定语从句的关系代词一般指代一个名词或代词；非限制性定语从句的关系代词则既可指代一个名词或代词，也可以指代整个主句。 【运用练】 （1）单句语法填空 ①The book 　which/that　 I borrowed from the library is about history. ②The day 　when　 we met for the first time is unforgettable. ③The Summer Palace， 　where　 the famous Kunming Lake is located， is a popular destination. （2）完成句子 ④The scientist 　who/that discovered the cure for the disease　 became an inspiration to millions of people. 发现治愈这种疾病的科学家激励了数百万人。 ⑤My grandmother， 　who always tells the most amazing stories　， has taught me so much about life. 我的祖母总是讲述最精彩的故事，她教会了我很多关于生活的知识。 二、关系词在非限制性定语从句中的使用 【先感悟】 ①There， he met a young girl called Mary， who wanted to find her family in Nepal. ②I have two foreign teachers， both of whom are from America. ③Above the trees are the mountains， whose magnificence fully reflects on the river’s surface. ④The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on August 15th of the Chinese lunar calendar， when people of a family get together and enjoy the dinner together. ⑤The library， where I spent most of my free time， was a quiet place filled with books. ⑥He has been busy with his work the whole holiday， which makes his wife unhappy. 【会发现】 ①②③④句中非限制性定语从句的关系词分别修饰先行词　a young girl　、　foreign teachers　、　mountains　、　August 15th　；④句中关系副词when等于　on which　；⑤句中关系副词where等于　in which　；⑥句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰　前面整个句子　。 【善归纳】 1.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有who、whom、whose、which、when、where等。 2.关系副词when、where可用“介词＋which”代替。 3.介词后用whom，不用who。 4.非限制性定语从句中，关系代词which指代前面整个主句。 【运用练】　完成句子 ①我画了一个小池塘，池塘里有一群鸭子在游泳。 （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）I painted a small pond， 　where a flock of ducks were swimming　. ②我的老师已经教书超过二十年了，她对每个学生都非常有耐心。 My teacher， 　who has been teaching for over twenty years　， is very patient with every student. ③那个学生的报告得到老师称赞，他是其他人的好榜样。 The student， 　whose report was praised by the teacher　， was a great example for others. ④这本书是我从图书馆借来的，非常有趣。 The book， 　which I borrowed from the library　， is really interesting. 三、as引导定语从句时的用法 【先感悟】 ①I want the same shirt as my friend’s. ②Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. ③As I expected， he got the first place again in this midterm examination. ④He made a long speech， as we expected. ⑤He made a long speech， which was unexpected. 【会发现】 ①②句中as引导　限制性定语从句　；③④句中as引导　非限制性定语从句　；⑤句中which引导　非限制性定语从句　。 【善归纳】 1.as引导限制性定语从句通常用于such ...as ...、 as ...as ...、 so ...as ...、 the same ...as ...结构中。 2.which与as引导非限制性定语从句时的区别： （1）位置上的区别 which只能置于先行词的后面，可修饰整个句子；as位置灵活，可置于句首、句中，也可置于主句后。 （2）搭配上的区别 which可作实义动词的主语；as多用于固定搭配中： as is often the case　　这是常有的事 as was expected　　正如我们所料 as often happens　　正如经常发生的那样 as is known to all　　众所周知 as has been said before　　如前所述 as is mentioned above　　正如上面所提到的 （3）意思上的区别 which意为“这一点、这件事”；as意为“正如……、正像……的那样”。 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①I don’t know whether he is such a great scholar 　as　 people say. ②Here is so big a stone 　as　 no man can lift. ③Dorothy was always showing off her clothes， 　which　 ， of course， made us a little annoyed. ④There is no simple answer， 　as　 is often the case in science. 1.conclusion n.结论；推论 教材原句　Did you come to any conclusions？你得出什么结论了吗？ 【用法】 （1）come to/reach/draw a conclusion　得出结论 in conclusion　　总之；最后 （2）conclude v.　　结束；终止；推断出 conclude from ...　　从……中推断出 conclude sth with sth/by doing sth　以某事/通过做某事结束某事 【佳句】　（2024·北京卷）In conclusion， China’s 75 years of progress have been remarkable.From the early years of reconstruction to the modern era of innovation， China has transformed into a global leader.　（现象介绍） 总的来说，中国75年的进步是显著的。从早期的重建年代到现代的创新时代，中国已经转变为一个全球领导者。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①After a long day of hiking， we concluded our trip by 　taking　 （take） a group photo at the top of the mountain. 【写美】　完成句子/一句多译 ②他以一句名言“有志者，事竟成”结束了他的演讲。 　He concluded his speech with a famous saying　 “Where there is a will， there is a way.”　（人物描写） ③我从我自己的经历中得出结论：用自己的双手劳动很重要。 →　I concluded from my own experiences that　 it is important to work with our own hands.（conclude） →　I came to/reached/drew the conclusion from my own experiences that　 it is important to work with our own hands.（conclusion） 2.circumstance n.[usually pl.] 条件；环境；状况 教材原句　Her circumstances are beyond our control.我们无法掌控她的状况。 【用法】 in/under no circumstances　决不（置于句首，需用倒装语序） in/under the circumstances　　在这种情况下 in/under any circumstances　　在任何情况下 if circumstances allow/permit　　如果条件允许的话 【佳句】　Given the unusual circumstance of heavy rain， the school decided to postpone the outdoor event until the weather improved.　（天气描写） 鉴于下大雨的特殊情况，学校决定将户外活动推迟到天气好转后再进行。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Even 　in/under　 the circumstances，he still spared no effort to improve himself. 【写美】　完成句子 ②情况允许的话，我会立即采取行动实现梦想。 　If circumstances allow/permit　，I will take immediate action to achieve my dream.　（动作描写） ③我提醒自己我决不会再犯这样的错误。 I reminded myself that 　in/under no circumstances would I　 allow such an error to happen again. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Then he worked as a technician on the Chengdu-Kunming Railway， 　where　 he gained valuable experience in railway engineering. 2.In the dark street， there wasn’t a single person 　whom/who/that　 she could turn to for help. 3.Tom’s colleagues were deeply appreciative of his help， without 　whose　 support they would not have succeeded. 4.We have found such materials 　as　 are used in their factory. 5.At present， a community of flesh-eating animals and a community of plant-eating animals make up a complete food chain in the national park， 　which　 is extremely rare to see in China. 6.Thanks to your generous help， without 　which　 I wouldn’t have made such great progress. 7.The sports meeting will be put off till next month， 　when　 we will have made all the preparations. 8.Today only some of the older generation of rafters still operate the traditional sheepskin rafts， 　who　 are struggling to make a living. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1.我写信是想分享我上周五的一次非凡经历，那时我们班在公园里上了一节美术课。 （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）I’m writing to share an extraordinary experience I had last Friday， 　when our class had an art lesson in the park　. 2.总之，我们都期待着上你的课，在课堂上我们可以借此机会提高我们的英语口语。 （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）In conclusion， we all look forward to attending your class， 　where we can take the chance to improve our oral English　. 3.因此，即将到来的访谈定于下周五举行，其主题将是我们日常生活中的环境保护。 （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Therefore， the topic of the coming show， 　which is scheduled to be held next Friday　， will be environmental protection in our daily lives. 4.我得知这所学校大约有50名外国学生在学习汉语， 其中大部分来自德国。 I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in this school， 　most of whom were from Germany　. 5.简尽管感到不舒服她也不愿意去看医生，这是孩子们常有的事。 Jane， 　as is often the case with children　， was unwilling to see a doctor though she felt sick. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Mr Smith， 　whose　 native language is English， can speak Chinese fluently. 2.You have a full preparation before this event， 　which　 is the most important reason why you show up here. 3.As you know， we have the summer and winter vacations， 　when　 we can do whatever we like， such as traveling， writing and so on. 4.There are many interesting clubs， 　where　 they can do what they want most. 5.We will always remember the moment 　when　 my classmate Li Chong crossed the finishing line. 6.Covering an area of 20，546 square meters， it allows visitors to take a pleasant walk in the quiet and green forest， 　which　 includes many different kinds of trees. 7.When the freezing cold night fell， the visitors sat around the stage 　where　 the fire show was performed. 8.Don’t forget to show up at 5 p.m.， 　when　 we gather to go back to school together at the entrance to the Cherry Blossom Garden. 9.Just 　as　 the old saying goes， “Each coin has two sides.” 10.There are two buildings， the larger of 　which　 stands nearly a hundred feet high. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1.我写信邀请你参加下周六在我们学校举办的音乐节。 I’m writing to invite you to take part in the music festival， 　which will be held in our school next Saturday　. 2.我精通英语，这使我与外国人自由交谈成为可能。 I have a good command of English， 　which makes it possible for me to communicate with foreigners freely　. 3.我写信申请我们学校英语协会所提供的职位。 I’m writing to apply for the position 　that/which the English Association of our school offers　. 4.任何想要观看电影的人要求在下午两点之前到达。 Those 　who want to watch the movie　 are required to arrive before two in the afternoon. 5.我建议你申请北京大学，它是中国最好的大学之一。 I suggest that you apply for Peking University， 　which is one of the best universities in China　. 6.我想向你推荐京剧俱乐部，我相信你可以从中学到很多。 I’d like to recommend Peking Opera Club to you， 　from which I believe you will learn a lot　. 7.我们学校里的老师大多数都是三十多岁，他们把一切都奉献给了我们。 The teachers of our school， 　most of whom are in their thirties　， have devoted themselves to us. 8.运动会将在9月份举行，那时候天气就没有这么热了。 The sports meeting will be held in September， 　when the weather won’t be so hot　. Ⅲ.句型转换 用定语从句改写下列句子。 1.The novelist got hurt in the accident and it made his wife so worried. →The novelist got hurt in the accident， 　which made his wife so worried　. 2.I have a friend and his son was admitted to Peking University last year. →I have a friend 　whose son was admitted to Peking University last year　. 3.It has been announced that we shall have our final exam next month. →　As has been announced　， we shall have our final exam next month. 4.We walked down the village street and people were having a market day there. →We walked down the village street， 　where people were having a market day　. 5.The little boys were cleaning the windows and most of them were dirty. →The little boys were cleaning the windows， 　most of which were dirty　. Ⅰ.完形填空 　　Li Hao is an inheritor of Luban lock-making techniques in Tengzhou， Shandong Province.While 　1　 how to disassemble and reassemble （拆卸和重组） a Luban lock， he 　2　 the history of this traditional Chinese folk educational puzzle and the ancient 　3　 in its structure. 　　The Luban lock is 　4　 to have been created by Lu Ban who is known as the “father of carpentry” in China. 　　After 　5　 10 years to developing the Luban lock by blending tradition with innovation， Li has transformed it into a 　6　 cultural product that has contributed to the local cultural and tourism industry. 　　His company has created over 100 variations of the toy and has 　7　 employment for more than 100 villagers in Jisuo town， with 　8　 coming in from overseas as well.　9　， they have transformed the puzzle into a trendy cultural product. 　　Li’s 　10　 to establish his company began in 2009， when he started working as a village official in Jisuo with a 　11　 to enhance the lives of the residents.The inspiration to develop the Luban lock as an educational toy 　12　 him in 2010 when he saw a large one at the Shanghai World Expo. 　　“Tengzhou is the birthplace of Lu Ban， so why don’t we 　13　 the Luban lock as a toy that will not only educate villagers， but also serve as a way to 　14　 the wisdom of our ancestors？” he thought at the time. His company 　15　 to be a great success.Last year the sales reached 30 million yuan. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。来自山东滕州的李浩，是我国非物质文化遗产鲁班锁制作技艺传承人。他通过创办制作鲁班锁的公司，不但传承了古老的智慧，而且推动了当地经济的发展。 1.A.proving　 B.exposing C.indicating　 D.showing 解析：D　根据how to disassemble and reassemble可知，这里李浩在向人们展示如何拆卸和重新组装鲁班锁。 2.A.shared　 B.understood　　 C.knew　 D.discovered 解析：A　李浩在演示如何拆卸和重新组装鲁班锁的同时，他还分享了这个中国传统民间益智游戏的历史和其结构中的古老智慧。 3.A.belief　 B.faith　　 C.wisdom　 D.concept 解析：C　参见上题解析。 4.A.believed　 B.suggested　　 C.assumed　 D.proposed 解析：A　这里The Luban lock is believed to ...相当于It is believed that ...。 5.A.spending　 B.devoting　　 C.costing　 D.extending 解析：B　李浩花费了10年时间研发鲁班锁。devote some time to doing sth是一个固定表达，表示“花费时间做某事”。 6.A.flexible　 B.abstract　　 C.practical　 D.creative 解析：D　李浩将鲁班锁变成了一种创造性的文化产品，为当地的文化和旅游业作出了贡献。 7.A.demanded　 B.affected　　 C.changed　 D.provided 解析：D　李浩的公司已经制作了100多种不同的玩具，为级索镇的100多名村民提供了就业机会。 8.A.orders　 B.invitations　　 C.presents　 D.greetings 解析：A　李浩的公司也有来自海外的订单。 9.A.Hopefully　 B.Eventually　　 C.Actually　 D.Basically 解析：C　事实上，他们已经把鲁班锁变成了一种时尚的文化产品。 10.A.project　 B.journey　　 C.dream　 D.adventure 解析：B　李浩创办公司的历程始于2009年。这里作者将李浩的创业经历比作一次旅程。 11.A.method　 B.mission　　 C.solution　 D.theme 解析：B　李浩当时在级索镇担任村官，肩负着改善村民生活的使命。 12.A.crossed　 B.impressed　　 C.struck　 D.influenced 解析：C　2010年，当他在上海世博会上看到一个大型的鲁班锁时，他产生了将鲁班锁开发为教育玩具的灵感。an inspiration struck sb表示某人产生灵感。 13.A.develop　 B.invent　　 C.design　 D.discover 解析：A　李浩当时的想法是：滕州是鲁班的诞生地，我们为什么不把鲁班锁开发成一种玩具呢？ 14.A.contain　 B.preserve　　 C.acquire　 D.reflect 解析：B　李浩认为鲁班锁是一种既能帮助村民益智，又能保存我们祖先智慧的玩具。 15.A.worked out　 B.made out　　 C.come out　 D.turned out 解析：D　李浩的公司结果取得了巨大的成功，去年的销售额达到了3，000万元。turn out结果是。 Ⅱ.语法填空 　　Seven villages in China 16.　　　　 （recognize） among the Best Tourism Villages 2024 by the United Nations World Tourism Organization at its 122nd session of the Executive Council on Friday in Cartagena， Colombia. 　　17.　　　　 （select） for their blend of cultural preservation and sustainable tourism， the seven villages represent a cross-section of China’s vast rural terrain and its deep cultural reservoir， stretching 18.　　　　 the highlands and the plains of central China to the coastal islands of the east.They encompass different 19.　　　　 （community） including the Hakka， Miao and Hani people， each 20.　　　　 （present） a distinct perspective of China’s multifaceted identity. 　　The UNWTO’s Best Tourism Villages （BTV） program honors destinations using tourism as 21.　　　　 vehicle to preserve landscapes， cultural practices， ecological and culinary diversity.With this year’s additions， China now has 15 villages on the list， reflecting the country’s 22.　　　　 （commit） to preserving rural heritage amid modernization. 　　The Best Tourism Villages by UN Tourism initiative was launched in 2021 23.　　　　 （advance） tourism’s role in rural areas， preserving landscapes， cultural diversity， local values， and culinary traditions. 　　Rural destinations consolidate （巩固） 24.　　　　 （they） position as key players in sustainable tourism and community development as UN Tourism announces its Best Tourism Villages 2024.In this fourth edition， 55 villages from all regions received the recognition， 25.　　　　 were chosen from over 260 applications from more than 60 UN Tourism Member States. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。在哥伦比亚卡塔赫纳举行的联合国旅游组织执行委员会第122次会议上，联合国旅游组织公布了2024年世界“最佳旅游乡村”名单，中国有7个乡村入选。 16.were recognized　考查时态和语态。本句时间状语为at its 122nd session of the Executive Council on Friday，且这里表示中国七个乡村被评为2024年世界“最佳旅游乡村”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。 17.Selected　考查非谓语动词。这里select一词与其逻辑主语the seven villages之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作状语。 18.from　考查介词。根据下文to the coastal islands of the east可知，这里应该填介词from，构成from ...to ...结构。 19.communities　考查名词复数。此处community为可数名词，且前面的different暗示这里应该用其复数形式。 20.presenting　考查非谓语动词。这里each与present之间是主动关系，因此用动词-ing形式，构成一个独立主格结构作伴随状语。 21.a　考查冠词。这里表示这些旅游目的地以旅游为“一种”手段来保护当地景观、文化习俗、生态和烹饪多样性。a vehicle一种手段；一种方式。 22.commitment　考查词形转换。本空前的the country’s暗示这里应该填入一个名词作其宾语。这里表示中国现在有15个村庄上榜，这反映了中国在现代化进程中保护农村遗产的承诺和付出。 23.to advance　考查非谓语动词。这里表示联合国发起的“最佳旅游乡村”这一活动旨在促进旅游业在农村地区的作用，同时保护景观、文化多样性、当地价值观以及烹饪传统。 24.their　考查代词。本空后面是名词position，因此这里填入一个形容词性物主代词作其定语。 25.which　考查定语从句。这里用关系代词which引导一个非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词55 villages。 3 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $