Unit 3 单词用法表 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册
2026-01-03
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摘要:
该初中英语Unit 3核心单词用法清单系统梳理了健康、疾病、饮食及生活方式主题的核心词汇,涵盖疾病症状、饮食健康、生活习惯、形容词及动词等四大知识范畴,为学生搭建了从“基础搭配记忆”到“考点用法掌握”再到“语境应用”的递进式学习支架。
清单通过“主题分类+考点聚焦+语境例句”构建知识体系,如将cough, fever等归为疾病症状类并标注“have a...”固定搭配,temperature明确区分“温度”不可数、“体温”可数的用法,junk food与unhealthy关联培养思维品质。特别设计“考点提示”专栏,如medicine标注“不可数表药物、可数表一剂药”,帮助学生精准掌握词性,经典例句直观展示应用场景提升语言能力,教师可直接用于词汇教学,学生自主学习时能高效突破重难点。
内容正文:
Unit 3 核心单词用法
单词
常见搭配
考点提示
经典例句
cough /kɒf/(n. 咳嗽)
have a cough(咳嗽)、cough badly(咳得厉害)
可数名词,复数coughs;常与“have”搭配表“咳嗽”
She has a bad cough and can’t go to school.
fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/(n. 发烧)
have a fever(发烧)、high fever(高烧)
不可数名词;“have a fever”为固定搭配
He has a high fever and needs to see a doctor.
sore /sɔː(r)/(adj. 疼痛的;酸痛的)
sore throat(喉咙痛)、sore legs(腿酸痛)
形容词,常与身体部位搭配;“sore + 部位”表“某部位痛”
I have a sore throat after singing too much.
throat /θrəʊt/(n. 咽喉;喉咙)
sore throat(喉咙痛)、clear one’s throat(清嗓子)
可数名词,复数throats;与“sore”搭配高频
He clears his throat before speaking.
headache /ˈhedeɪk/(n. 头痛)
have a headache(头痛)、bad headache(剧烈头痛)
可数名词,复数headaches;“have a headache”为固定搭配
I have a headache because I stayed up late.
toothache /ˈtuːθeɪk/(n. 牙痛)
have a toothache(牙痛)、see a dentist for toothache(因牙痛看牙医)
可数名词,复数toothaches;与“dentist”关联
She has a toothache and goes to the dentist.
stomachache /ˈstʌməkeɪk/(n. 胃痛)
have a stomachache(胃痛)、stomachache from eating too much(吃太多导致胃痛)
可数名词,复数stomachaches;与饮食关联
He has a stomachache after eating cold food.
temperature /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/(n. 体温;温度)
take one’s temperature(量体温)、high temperature(高温)
不可数名词表“温度”,可数表“体温”;“take temperature”为固定搭配
The nurse takes my temperature.
medicine /ˈmedsn/(n. 药;药物)
take medicine(吃药)、a bottle of medicine(一瓶药)
不可数名词表“药物”,可数表“一剂药”;“take medicine”为固定搭配
You need to take this medicine three times a day.
junk food /ˈdʒʌŋk fuːd/(n. 垃圾食品)
eat junk food(吃垃圾食品)、too much junk food(太多垃圾食品)
不可数名词;与“unhealthy”关联
Eating too much junk food is bad for health.
slim /slɪm/(adj. 苗条的)
slim figure(苗条的身材)、keep slim(保持苗条)
形容词,可修饰人;比较级slimmer
She keeps slim by exercising every day.
diet /ˈdaɪət/(n. 日常饮食)
healthy diet(健康饮食)、go on a diet(节食)
可数名词,复数diets;“go on a diet”为固定短语
We should have a healthy diet with more vegetables.
screen /skriːn/(n. 屏幕;荧屏)
phone screen(手机屏幕)、watch the screen(看屏幕)
可数名词,复数screens;与电子设备关联
Don’t look at the screen for too long.
sugar /ˈʃʊɡə(r)/(n. 糖;食糖)
add sugar(加糖)、too much sugar(太多糖)
不可数名词;“a spoon of sugar”表“一勺糖”
I add two spoons of sugar to my coffee.
ache /eɪk/(n. 身体某部位的疼痛)
body ache(身体疼痛)、back ache(背痛)
可数名词,复数aches;可与身体部位组合(如headache)
She has an ache in her leg after running.
examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/(v. 检查,检验)
examine the patient(检查病人)、examine the paper(检查试卷)
动词,后接宾语;名词形式为examination(考试/检查)
The doctor examines my eyes carefully.
hamburger /ˈhæmbɜːɡə(r)/(n. 汉堡包)
eat a hamburger(吃汉堡)、hamburger with cheese(芝士汉堡)
可数名词,复数hamburgers;属于junk food
I eat a hamburger for lunch.
chip /tʃɪp/(n. 炸薯条)
potato chips(炸薯条)、eat chips(吃薯条)
可数名词,复数chips;常用复数形式
We eat potato chips while watching TV.
fried /fraɪd/(adj. 油炸的)
fried chicken(炸鸡)、fried potatoes(炸土豆)
形容词,由fry(动词,油炸)派生;与junk food关联
Fried food is not good for health.
pork /pɔːk/(n. 猪肉)
cooked pork(熟猪肉)、eat pork(吃猪肉)
不可数名词;与“beef(牛肉)”对应
We have pork and vegetables for dinner.
pepper /ˈpepə(r)/(n. 胡椒粉)
add pepper(加胡椒粉)、black pepper(黑胡椒)
不可数名词;表“辣椒”时为可数(a pepper)
I add some pepper to the soup.
iced /aɪst/(adj. 冰镇的;加冰块的)
iced water(冰水)、iced coffee(冰咖啡)
形容词,由ice(冰)派生;修饰饮品
I like drinking iced tea in summer.
Coke /kəʊk/(n. 可乐)
drink Coke(喝可乐)、a can of Coke(一罐可乐)
不可数名词;首字母大写(品牌名);属于junk food
He drinks a can of Coke every day.
pill /pɪl/(n. 药丸;药片)
take a pill(吃药丸)、sleeping pill(安眠药)
可数名词,复数pills;与medicine关联
Take one pill after each meal.
outgoing /ˌaʊtˈɡəʊɪŋ/(adj. 外向的;爱交际的)
outgoing person(外向的人)、be outgoing(外向)
形容词,修饰人;反义词为shy(害羞的)
She is outgoing and has many friends.
shy /ʃaɪ/(adj. 羞怯的;腼腆的)
shy girl(害羞的女孩)、be shy to speak(害羞不敢说话)
形容词,修饰人;反义词为outgoing
He is shy and doesn’t talk much.
snack /snæk/(n. 点心;小吃)
eat snacks(吃小吃)、healthy snacks(健康小吃)
可数名词,复数snacks;可指健康/垃圾食品
We eat fruits as healthy snacks.
chocolate /ˈtʃɒklət/(n. 巧克力)
eat chocolate(吃巧克力)、dark chocolate(黑巧克力)
不可数名词;“a bar of chocolate”表“一块巧克力”
She likes eating chocolate very much.
cookie /ˈkʊki/(n. 曲奇饼)
chocolate cookie(巧克力曲奇)、eat cookies(吃曲奇)
可数名词,复数cookies;属于小吃
My mom makes delicious cookies at home.
ice cream /ˈaɪs kriːm/(n. 冰激凌)
eat ice cream(吃冰激凌)、vanilla ice cream(香草冰激凌)
不可数名词;“a scoop of ice cream”表“一勺冰激凌”
We eat ice cream in the park.
cream /kriːm/(n. 奶油)
fresh cream(鲜奶油)、cream cake(奶油蛋糕)
不可数名词;与“ice cream”关联
The cake is covered with fresh cream.
jogging /ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/(n. 慢跑锻炼)
go jogging(去慢跑)、jogging in the morning(晨跑)
不可数名词;由jog(动词,慢跑)派生
I go jogging every morning to keep fit.
lazy /ˈleɪzi/(adj. 懒惰的;懒散的)
lazy boy(懒惰的男孩)、be lazy to do(懒得做)
形容词,修饰人;反义词为hard-working
Don’t be lazy—finish your homework now.
condition /kənˈdɪʃn/(n. 健康状况;状态)
good condition(健康状况好)、in bad condition(状态差)
不可数名词表“状况”,可数表“条件”;“in...condition”为固定搭配
He is in good condition after exercising.
uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌmftəbl/(adj. 使人不舒服的)
feel uncomfortable(感到不舒服)、uncomfortable chair(不舒服的椅子)
形容词,由comfortable(舒服的)加否定前缀un-构成
I feel uncomfortable after sitting for too long.
diary /ˈdaɪəri/(n. 日记;日记簿)
keep a diary(写日记)、write in a diary(写进日记)
可数名词,复数diaries;“keep a diary”为固定短语
She keeps a diary every night.
positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/(adj. 积极乐观的)
positive attitude(积极的态度)、be positive(积极)
形容词,修饰人/事物;反义词为negative(消极的)
We should have a positive attitude towards life.
benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/(n. 益处;优势)
health benefit(健康益处)、the benefit of exercise(锻炼的益处)
可数名词,复数benefits;“benefit of”表“……的益处”
There are many benefits of eating vegetables.
mood /muːd/(n. 心情;情绪)
good mood(好心情)、bad mood(坏心情)
可数名词,复数moods;“in a...mood”为固定搭配
Music can change my mood.
volleyball /ˈvɒlibɔːl/(n. 排球运动)
play volleyball(打排球)、volleyball game(排球比赛)
不可数名词;球类运动前不加the
We play volleyball after class.
energy /ˈenədʒi/(n. 精力;能量)
full of energy(精力充沛)、save energy(节约能源)
不可数名词;“energy”可指“精力”或“能源”
He is full of energy and plays sports every day.
glad /ɡlæd/(adj. 高兴;愉快)
be glad to do(很高兴做)、glad news(好消息)
形容词,常与be搭配;“glad”后接to do
I am glad to meet you here.
confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/(adj. 自信的;有把握的)
confident student(自信的学生)、be confident in(对……有信心)
形容词,常与be搭配;“confident in”为固定搭配
She is confident in passing the exam.
absent /ˈæbsənt/(adj. 缺席;不在)
be absent from class(缺课)、absent student(缺席的学生)
形容词,常与be搭配;“absent from”为固定搭配
He is absent from school because of illness.
moment /ˈməʊmənt/(n. 片刻;瞬间)
at the moment(此刻)、a moment later(片刻后)
可数名词,复数moments;“at the moment”为固定短语
I am busy at the moment.
oneself /wʌnˈself/(pron. 自己;亲自)
by oneself(独自)、enjoy oneself(玩得开心)
反身代词,对应one;“by oneself”表“独自”
She finishes the work by herself.
seem /siːm/(v. 好像,似乎)
seem happy(好像开心)、seem to do(似乎做)
系动词,后接形容词/不定式;无被动语态
He seems to know the answer.
unhealthy /ʌnˈhelθi/(adj. 不健康的)
unhealthy food(不健康的食物)、unhealthy habit(不健康的习惯)
形容词,由healthy(健康的)加否定前缀un-构成
Eating too much junk food is unhealthy.
empty /ˈempti/(adj. 空的;无意义的)
empty bottle(空瓶子)、empty room(空房间)
形容词,可修饰事物;反义词为full(满的)
The box is empty—there is nothing in it.
stomach /ˈstʌmək/(n. 胃)
stomach ache(胃痛)、have a stomachache(胃痛)
可数名词,复数stomachs;与“ache”搭配高频
He holds his stomach because of the pain.
living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/(n. 生活方式;adj. 生活的)
living habit(生活习惯)、modern living(现代生活方式)
作名词表“生活方式”,作形容词表“生活的”;与“life”关联
We should have a healthy living habit.
nonsense /ˈnɒnsns/(n. 胡扯;谬论)
talk nonsense(胡说八道)、it’s nonsense(这是谬论)
不可数名词;表“无意义的话”
Don’t talk nonsense—tell me the truth.
improper /ɪmˈprɒpə(r)/(adj. 不正确的;不适当的)
improper behavior(不当行为)、improper way(不正确的方式)
形容词,由proper(适当的)加否定前缀im-构成
His improper words make others angry.
clearly /ˈklɪəli/(adv. 明显地;清楚地)
speak clearly(清楚地说)、see clearly(清楚地看)
副词,由clear(清楚的)派生;修饰动词
Please speak clearly so we can hear you.
sleepy /ˈsliːpi/(adj. 困倦的;瞌睡的)
feel sleepy(感到困倦)、sleepy in class(课堂上犯困)
形容词,由sleep(睡觉)派生;反义词为awake(清醒的)
I feel sleepy because I didn’t sleep well.
worse /wɜːs/(adj. 更差的;更糟的)
worse than(比……更糟)、get worse(变得更糟)
bad/ill的比较级;最高级为worst
The weather is worse today than yesterday.
rid /rɪd/(v. 摆脱)
get rid of(摆脱)、rid oneself of(使自己摆脱)
动词,常用“get rid of”固定短语;无被动语态
We need to get rid of bad habits.
fridge /frɪdʒ/(n. 冰箱)
put in the fridge(放进冰箱)、open the fridge(打开冰箱)
可数名词,复数fridges;全称为refrigerator
I put the milk in the fridge to keep it fresh.
weight /weɪt/(n. 重量)
lose weight(减肥)、gain weight(增重)
不可数名词;“lose weight”为固定短语
She wants to lose weight by exercising.
potato /pəˈteɪtəʊ/(n. 马铃薯;土豆)
potato chips(炸薯条)、boiled potato(煮土豆)
可数名词,复数potatoes(o结尾有生命的名词加es)
We have potatoes and meat for dinner.
corn /kɔːn/(n. 玉米;谷物)
eat corn(吃玉米)、corn soup(玉米汤)
不可数名词;表“玉米”时常用单数
We grow corn in the field.
candy /ˈkændi/(n. 糖果;巧克力)
eat candy(吃糖果)、a box of candy(一盒糖果)
可数名词,复数candies;属于junk food
Children like eating candy very much.
biscuit /ˈbɪskɪt/(n. 饼干)
chocolate biscuit(巧克力饼干)、eat biscuits(吃饼干)
可数名词,复数biscuits;属于小吃
I have a biscuit with milk for breakfast.
beef /biːf/(n. 牛肉)
beef noodles(牛肉面)、eat beef(吃牛肉)
不可数名词;与“pork(猪肉)”对应
We eat beef and vegetables for lunch.
cucumber /ˈkjuːkʌmbə(r)/(n. 黄瓜)
fresh cucumber(新鲜黄瓜)、eat cucumber(吃黄瓜)
可数名词,复数cucumbers;属于健康蔬菜
I like eating cucumber in summer.
lifestyle /ˈlaɪfstaɪl/(n. 生活方式)
healthy lifestyle(健康的生活方式)、change lifestyle(改变生活方式)
可数名词,复数lifestyles;与“living”关联
We should have a healthy lifestyle.
prefer /prɪˈfɜː(r)/(v. 较喜欢;喜欢……多于……)
prefer tea to coffee(喜欢茶胜过咖啡)、prefer to do(更喜欢做)
动词,“prefer A to B”表“喜欢A胜过B”;后接不定式/动名词
I prefer to stay at home on weekends.
bean /biːn/(n. 豆;豆荚)
green beans(青豆)、eat beans(吃豆子)
可数名词,复数beans;属于健康食品
We have beans and rice for dinner.
though /ðəʊ/(conj. 虽然;尽管)
Though it rains, we go out(尽管下雨,我们还是出门)
连词,表转折;可放句首/句中,后不加but
Though he is tired, he keeps working.
method /ˈmeθəd/(n. 方法;办法)
good method(好方法)、method of learning(学习方法)
可数名词,复数methods;“method of”表“……的方法”
We need a good method to learn English.
focus /ˈfəʊkəs/(v. 集中;n. 中心)
focus on study(集中精力学习)、focus of attention(注意力中心)
作动词时“focus on”为固定短语;作名词表“中心”
You need to focus on your homework.
smell /smel/(n. 气味;嗅觉)
good smell(好闻的气味)、sense of smell(嗅觉)
可数名词,复数smells;作动词表“闻起来”
The flower has a nice smell.
mostly /ˈməʊstli/(adv. 通常;主要地)
mostly eat vegetables(主要吃蔬菜)、mostly in the morning(通常在早上)
副词,修饰动词/短语;与“most”区分(most是形容词/代词)
We mostly stay at home on rainy days.
sauce /sɔːs/(n. 调味汁;酱)
tomato sauce(番茄酱)、add sauce(加调味汁)
不可数名词;“a bottle of sauce”表“一瓶酱”
I add tomato sauce to the pasta.
serve /sɜːv/(v. 端上;服务)
serve food(端上食物)、serve customers(服务顾客)
动词,后接宾语;名词形式为service(服务)
The waiter serves us hot tea.
hobby /ˈhɒbi/(n. 业余爱好)
have a hobby(有爱好)、hobby of reading(阅读的爱好)
可数名词,复数hobbies;与“interest”同义
My hobby is playing the guitar.
hurry /ˈhʌri/(n. 匆忙;v. 匆忙)
in a hurry(匆忙)、hurry to school(匆忙去学校)
作名词时“in a hurry”为固定短语;作动词表“匆忙做”
He leaves the house in a hurry.
mad /mæd/(adj. 很生气;气愤)
be mad at sb.(生某人的气)、mad with anger(气得发疯)
形容词,常与be搭配;“mad at”为固定搭配
She is mad at me for being late.
fit /fɪt/(adj. 健壮的;健康的)
keep fit(保持健康)、fit body(健壮的身体)
形容词,可修饰人;与“healthy”同义
He keeps fit by running every day.
physical /ˈfɪzɪkl/(adj. 身体的)
physical exercise(体育锻炼)、physical health(身体健康)
形容词,修饰名词;与“mental(精神的)”对应
We need to do physical exercise every day.
balanced /ˈbælənst/(adj. 保持平衡的)
balanced diet(均衡饮食)、balanced life(平衡的生活)
形容词,由balance(动词/名词,平衡)派生;“balanced diet”为高频搭配
A balanced diet is good for health.
runner /ˈrʌnə(r)/(n. 奔跑的人)
long-distance runner(长跑运动员)、fast runner(跑得快的人)
可数名词,复数runners;由run(动词,跑)派生
He is a fast runner and wins the race.
spread /spred/(v./n. 蔓延;扩散)
spread quickly(快速蔓延)、spread of disease(疾病的扩散)
作动词时过去式为spread(不规则变化);作名词表“扩散”
The news spreads quickly around the school.
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