Unit 3 单词用法表 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

2026-01-03
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摘要:

该初中英语Unit 3核心单词用法清单系统梳理了健康、疾病、饮食及生活方式主题的核心词汇,涵盖疾病症状、饮食健康、生活习惯、形容词及动词等四大知识范畴,为学生搭建了从“基础搭配记忆”到“考点用法掌握”再到“语境应用”的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“主题分类+考点聚焦+语境例句”构建知识体系,如将cough, fever等归为疾病症状类并标注“have a...”固定搭配,temperature明确区分“温度”不可数、“体温”可数的用法,junk food与unhealthy关联培养思维品质。特别设计“考点提示”专栏,如medicine标注“不可数表药物、可数表一剂药”,帮助学生精准掌握词性,经典例句直观展示应用场景提升语言能力,教师可直接用于词汇教学,学生自主学习时能高效突破重难点。

内容正文:

Unit 3 核心单词用法 单词 常见搭配 考点提示 经典例句 cough /kɒf/(n. 咳嗽) have a cough(咳嗽)、cough badly(咳得厉害) 可数名词,复数coughs;常与“have”搭配表“咳嗽” She has a bad cough and can’t go to school. fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/(n. 发烧) have a fever(发烧)、high fever(高烧) 不可数名词;“have a fever”为固定搭配 He has a high fever and needs to see a doctor. sore /sɔː(r)/(adj. 疼痛的;酸痛的) sore throat(喉咙痛)、sore legs(腿酸痛) 形容词,常与身体部位搭配;“sore + 部位”表“某部位痛” I have a sore throat after singing too much. throat /θrəʊt/(n. 咽喉;喉咙) sore throat(喉咙痛)、clear one’s throat(清嗓子) 可数名词,复数throats;与“sore”搭配高频 He clears his throat before speaking. headache /ˈhedeɪk/(n. 头痛) have a headache(头痛)、bad headache(剧烈头痛) 可数名词,复数headaches;“have a headache”为固定搭配 I have a headache because I stayed up late. toothache /ˈtuːθeɪk/(n. 牙痛) have a toothache(牙痛)、see a dentist for toothache(因牙痛看牙医) 可数名词,复数toothaches;与“dentist”关联 She has a toothache and goes to the dentist. stomachache /ˈstʌməkeɪk/(n. 胃痛) have a stomachache(胃痛)、stomachache from eating too much(吃太多导致胃痛) 可数名词,复数stomachaches;与饮食关联 He has a stomachache after eating cold food. temperature /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/(n. 体温;温度) take one’s temperature(量体温)、high temperature(高温) 不可数名词表“温度”,可数表“体温”;“take temperature”为固定搭配 The nurse takes my temperature. medicine /ˈmedsn/(n. 药;药物) take medicine(吃药)、a bottle of medicine(一瓶药) 不可数名词表“药物”,可数表“一剂药”;“take medicine”为固定搭配 You need to take this medicine three times a day. junk food /ˈdʒʌŋk fuːd/(n. 垃圾食品) eat junk food(吃垃圾食品)、too much junk food(太多垃圾食品) 不可数名词;与“unhealthy”关联 Eating too much junk food is bad for health. slim /slɪm/(adj. 苗条的) slim figure(苗条的身材)、keep slim(保持苗条) 形容词,可修饰人;比较级slimmer She keeps slim by exercising every day. diet /ˈdaɪət/(n. 日常饮食) healthy diet(健康饮食)、go on a diet(节食) 可数名词,复数diets;“go on a diet”为固定短语 We should have a healthy diet with more vegetables. screen /skriːn/(n. 屏幕;荧屏) phone screen(手机屏幕)、watch the screen(看屏幕) 可数名词,复数screens;与电子设备关联 Don’t look at the screen for too long. sugar /ˈʃʊɡə(r)/(n. 糖;食糖) add sugar(加糖)、too much sugar(太多糖) 不可数名词;“a spoon of sugar”表“一勺糖” I add two spoons of sugar to my coffee. ache /eɪk/(n. 身体某部位的疼痛) body ache(身体疼痛)、back ache(背痛) 可数名词,复数aches;可与身体部位组合(如headache) She has an ache in her leg after running. examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/(v. 检查,检验) examine the patient(检查病人)、examine the paper(检查试卷) 动词,后接宾语;名词形式为examination(考试/检查) The doctor examines my eyes carefully. hamburger /ˈhæmbɜːɡə(r)/(n. 汉堡包) eat a hamburger(吃汉堡)、hamburger with cheese(芝士汉堡) 可数名词,复数hamburgers;属于junk food I eat a hamburger for lunch. chip /tʃɪp/(n. 炸薯条) potato chips(炸薯条)、eat chips(吃薯条) 可数名词,复数chips;常用复数形式 We eat potato chips while watching TV. fried /fraɪd/(adj. 油炸的) fried chicken(炸鸡)、fried potatoes(炸土豆) 形容词,由fry(动词,油炸)派生;与junk food关联 Fried food is not good for health. pork /pɔːk/(n. 猪肉) cooked pork(熟猪肉)、eat pork(吃猪肉) 不可数名词;与“beef(牛肉)”对应 We have pork and vegetables for dinner. pepper /ˈpepə(r)/(n. 胡椒粉) add pepper(加胡椒粉)、black pepper(黑胡椒) 不可数名词;表“辣椒”时为可数(a pepper) I add some pepper to the soup. iced /aɪst/(adj. 冰镇的;加冰块的) iced water(冰水)、iced coffee(冰咖啡) 形容词,由ice(冰)派生;修饰饮品 I like drinking iced tea in summer. Coke /kəʊk/(n. 可乐) drink Coke(喝可乐)、a can of Coke(一罐可乐) 不可数名词;首字母大写(品牌名);属于junk food He drinks a can of Coke every day. pill /pɪl/(n. 药丸;药片) take a pill(吃药丸)、sleeping pill(安眠药) 可数名词,复数pills;与medicine关联 Take one pill after each meal. outgoing /ˌaʊtˈɡəʊɪŋ/(adj. 外向的;爱交际的) outgoing person(外向的人)、be outgoing(外向) 形容词,修饰人;反义词为shy(害羞的) She is outgoing and has many friends. shy /ʃaɪ/(adj. 羞怯的;腼腆的) shy girl(害羞的女孩)、be shy to speak(害羞不敢说话) 形容词,修饰人;反义词为outgoing He is shy and doesn’t talk much. snack /snæk/(n. 点心;小吃) eat snacks(吃小吃)、healthy snacks(健康小吃) 可数名词,复数snacks;可指健康/垃圾食品 We eat fruits as healthy snacks. chocolate /ˈtʃɒklət/(n. 巧克力) eat chocolate(吃巧克力)、dark chocolate(黑巧克力) 不可数名词;“a bar of chocolate”表“一块巧克力” She likes eating chocolate very much. cookie /ˈkʊki/(n. 曲奇饼) chocolate cookie(巧克力曲奇)、eat cookies(吃曲奇) 可数名词,复数cookies;属于小吃 My mom makes delicious cookies at home. ice cream /ˈaɪs kriːm/(n. 冰激凌) eat ice cream(吃冰激凌)、vanilla ice cream(香草冰激凌) 不可数名词;“a scoop of ice cream”表“一勺冰激凌” We eat ice cream in the park. cream /kriːm/(n. 奶油) fresh cream(鲜奶油)、cream cake(奶油蛋糕) 不可数名词;与“ice cream”关联 The cake is covered with fresh cream. jogging /ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/(n. 慢跑锻炼) go jogging(去慢跑)、jogging in the morning(晨跑) 不可数名词;由jog(动词,慢跑)派生 I go jogging every morning to keep fit. lazy /ˈleɪzi/(adj. 懒惰的;懒散的) lazy boy(懒惰的男孩)、be lazy to do(懒得做) 形容词,修饰人;反义词为hard-working Don’t be lazy—finish your homework now. condition /kənˈdɪʃn/(n. 健康状况;状态) good condition(健康状况好)、in bad condition(状态差) 不可数名词表“状况”,可数表“条件”;“in...condition”为固定搭配 He is in good condition after exercising. uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌmftəbl/(adj. 使人不舒服的) feel uncomfortable(感到不舒服)、uncomfortable chair(不舒服的椅子) 形容词,由comfortable(舒服的)加否定前缀un-构成 I feel uncomfortable after sitting for too long. diary /ˈdaɪəri/(n. 日记;日记簿) keep a diary(写日记)、write in a diary(写进日记) 可数名词,复数diaries;“keep a diary”为固定短语 She keeps a diary every night. positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/(adj. 积极乐观的) positive attitude(积极的态度)、be positive(积极) 形容词,修饰人/事物;反义词为negative(消极的) We should have a positive attitude towards life. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/(n. 益处;优势) health benefit(健康益处)、the benefit of exercise(锻炼的益处) 可数名词,复数benefits;“benefit of”表“……的益处” There are many benefits of eating vegetables. mood /muːd/(n. 心情;情绪) good mood(好心情)、bad mood(坏心情) 可数名词,复数moods;“in a...mood”为固定搭配 Music can change my mood. volleyball /ˈvɒlibɔːl/(n. 排球运动) play volleyball(打排球)、volleyball game(排球比赛) 不可数名词;球类运动前不加the We play volleyball after class. energy /ˈenədʒi/(n. 精力;能量) full of energy(精力充沛)、save energy(节约能源) 不可数名词;“energy”可指“精力”或“能源” He is full of energy and plays sports every day. glad /ɡlæd/(adj. 高兴;愉快) be glad to do(很高兴做)、glad news(好消息) 形容词,常与be搭配;“glad”后接to do I am glad to meet you here. confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/(adj. 自信的;有把握的) confident student(自信的学生)、be confident in(对……有信心) 形容词,常与be搭配;“confident in”为固定搭配 She is confident in passing the exam. absent /ˈæbsənt/(adj. 缺席;不在) be absent from class(缺课)、absent student(缺席的学生) 形容词,常与be搭配;“absent from”为固定搭配 He is absent from school because of illness. moment /ˈməʊmənt/(n. 片刻;瞬间) at the moment(此刻)、a moment later(片刻后) 可数名词,复数moments;“at the moment”为固定短语 I am busy at the moment. oneself /wʌnˈself/(pron. 自己;亲自) by oneself(独自)、enjoy oneself(玩得开心) 反身代词,对应one;“by oneself”表“独自” She finishes the work by herself. seem /siːm/(v. 好像,似乎) seem happy(好像开心)、seem to do(似乎做) 系动词,后接形容词/不定式;无被动语态 He seems to know the answer. unhealthy /ʌnˈhelθi/(adj. 不健康的) unhealthy food(不健康的食物)、unhealthy habit(不健康的习惯) 形容词,由healthy(健康的)加否定前缀un-构成 Eating too much junk food is unhealthy. empty /ˈempti/(adj. 空的;无意义的) empty bottle(空瓶子)、empty room(空房间) 形容词,可修饰事物;反义词为full(满的) The box is empty—there is nothing in it. stomach /ˈstʌmək/(n. 胃) stomach ache(胃痛)、have a stomachache(胃痛) 可数名词,复数stomachs;与“ache”搭配高频 He holds his stomach because of the pain. living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/(n. 生活方式;adj. 生活的) living habit(生活习惯)、modern living(现代生活方式) 作名词表“生活方式”,作形容词表“生活的”;与“life”关联 We should have a healthy living habit. nonsense /ˈnɒnsns/(n. 胡扯;谬论) talk nonsense(胡说八道)、it’s nonsense(这是谬论) 不可数名词;表“无意义的话” Don’t talk nonsense—tell me the truth. improper /ɪmˈprɒpə(r)/(adj. 不正确的;不适当的) improper behavior(不当行为)、improper way(不正确的方式) 形容词,由proper(适当的)加否定前缀im-构成 His improper words make others angry. clearly /ˈklɪəli/(adv. 明显地;清楚地) speak clearly(清楚地说)、see clearly(清楚地看) 副词,由clear(清楚的)派生;修饰动词 Please speak clearly so we can hear you. sleepy /ˈsliːpi/(adj. 困倦的;瞌睡的) feel sleepy(感到困倦)、sleepy in class(课堂上犯困) 形容词,由sleep(睡觉)派生;反义词为awake(清醒的) I feel sleepy because I didn’t sleep well. worse /wɜːs/(adj. 更差的;更糟的) worse than(比……更糟)、get worse(变得更糟) bad/ill的比较级;最高级为worst The weather is worse today than yesterday. rid /rɪd/(v. 摆脱) get rid of(摆脱)、rid oneself of(使自己摆脱) 动词,常用“get rid of”固定短语;无被动语态 We need to get rid of bad habits. fridge /frɪdʒ/(n. 冰箱) put in the fridge(放进冰箱)、open the fridge(打开冰箱) 可数名词,复数fridges;全称为refrigerator I put the milk in the fridge to keep it fresh. weight /weɪt/(n. 重量) lose weight(减肥)、gain weight(增重) 不可数名词;“lose weight”为固定短语 She wants to lose weight by exercising. potato /pəˈteɪtəʊ/(n. 马铃薯;土豆) potato chips(炸薯条)、boiled potato(煮土豆) 可数名词,复数potatoes(o结尾有生命的名词加es) We have potatoes and meat for dinner. corn /kɔːn/(n. 玉米;谷物) eat corn(吃玉米)、corn soup(玉米汤) 不可数名词;表“玉米”时常用单数 We grow corn in the field. candy /ˈkændi/(n. 糖果;巧克力) eat candy(吃糖果)、a box of candy(一盒糖果) 可数名词,复数candies;属于junk food Children like eating candy very much. biscuit /ˈbɪskɪt/(n. 饼干) chocolate biscuit(巧克力饼干)、eat biscuits(吃饼干) 可数名词,复数biscuits;属于小吃 I have a biscuit with milk for breakfast. beef /biːf/(n. 牛肉) beef noodles(牛肉面)、eat beef(吃牛肉) 不可数名词;与“pork(猪肉)”对应 We eat beef and vegetables for lunch. cucumber /ˈkjuːkʌmbə(r)/(n. 黄瓜) fresh cucumber(新鲜黄瓜)、eat cucumber(吃黄瓜) 可数名词,复数cucumbers;属于健康蔬菜 I like eating cucumber in summer. lifestyle /ˈlaɪfstaɪl/(n. 生活方式) healthy lifestyle(健康的生活方式)、change lifestyle(改变生活方式) 可数名词,复数lifestyles;与“living”关联 We should have a healthy lifestyle. prefer /prɪˈfɜː(r)/(v. 较喜欢;喜欢……多于……) prefer tea to coffee(喜欢茶胜过咖啡)、prefer to do(更喜欢做) 动词,“prefer A to B”表“喜欢A胜过B”;后接不定式/动名词 I prefer to stay at home on weekends. bean /biːn/(n. 豆;豆荚) green beans(青豆)、eat beans(吃豆子) 可数名词,复数beans;属于健康食品 We have beans and rice for dinner. though /ðəʊ/(conj. 虽然;尽管) Though it rains, we go out(尽管下雨,我们还是出门) 连词,表转折;可放句首/句中,后不加but Though he is tired, he keeps working. method /ˈmeθəd/(n. 方法;办法) good method(好方法)、method of learning(学习方法) 可数名词,复数methods;“method of”表“……的方法” We need a good method to learn English. focus /ˈfəʊkəs/(v. 集中;n. 中心) focus on study(集中精力学习)、focus of attention(注意力中心) 作动词时“focus on”为固定短语;作名词表“中心” You need to focus on your homework. smell /smel/(n. 气味;嗅觉) good smell(好闻的气味)、sense of smell(嗅觉) 可数名词,复数smells;作动词表“闻起来” The flower has a nice smell. mostly /ˈməʊstli/(adv. 通常;主要地) mostly eat vegetables(主要吃蔬菜)、mostly in the morning(通常在早上) 副词,修饰动词/短语;与“most”区分(most是形容词/代词) We mostly stay at home on rainy days. sauce /sɔːs/(n. 调味汁;酱) tomato sauce(番茄酱)、add sauce(加调味汁) 不可数名词;“a bottle of sauce”表“一瓶酱” I add tomato sauce to the pasta. serve /sɜːv/(v. 端上;服务) serve food(端上食物)、serve customers(服务顾客) 动词,后接宾语;名词形式为service(服务) The waiter serves us hot tea. hobby /ˈhɒbi/(n. 业余爱好) have a hobby(有爱好)、hobby of reading(阅读的爱好) 可数名词,复数hobbies;与“interest”同义 My hobby is playing the guitar. hurry /ˈhʌri/(n. 匆忙;v. 匆忙) in a hurry(匆忙)、hurry to school(匆忙去学校) 作名词时“in a hurry”为固定短语;作动词表“匆忙做” He leaves the house in a hurry. mad /mæd/(adj. 很生气;气愤) be mad at sb.(生某人的气)、mad with anger(气得发疯) 形容词,常与be搭配;“mad at”为固定搭配 She is mad at me for being late. fit /fɪt/(adj. 健壮的;健康的) keep fit(保持健康)、fit body(健壮的身体) 形容词,可修饰人;与“healthy”同义 He keeps fit by running every day. physical /ˈfɪzɪkl/(adj. 身体的) physical exercise(体育锻炼)、physical health(身体健康) 形容词,修饰名词;与“mental(精神的)”对应 We need to do physical exercise every day. balanced /ˈbælənst/(adj. 保持平衡的) balanced diet(均衡饮食)、balanced life(平衡的生活) 形容词,由balance(动词/名词,平衡)派生;“balanced diet”为高频搭配 A balanced diet is good for health. runner /ˈrʌnə(r)/(n. 奔跑的人) long-distance runner(长跑运动员)、fast runner(跑得快的人) 可数名词,复数runners;由run(动词,跑)派生 He is a fast runner and wins the race. spread /spred/(v./n. 蔓延;扩散) spread quickly(快速蔓延)、spread of disease(疾病的扩散) 作动词时过去式为spread(不规则变化);作名词表“扩散” The news spreads quickly around the school. 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Unit 3 单词用法表 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册
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