Unit 2 单词用法表 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

该初中英语Unit 2核心单词用法清单系统梳理了80余个核心词汇，涵盖词义、搭配、考点及例句，覆盖文化艺术（如literature、calligraphy）、语言工具（如express、communicate）、生活场景（如teahouse、stadium）等多领域，搭建从基础词义理解到搭配应用再到考点突破的递进式学习支架。 清单按词性与主题分类呈现知识体系，通过“考点提示”标注重难点，如“spirit”明确不可数表“精神”、可数表“情绪”并区分“soul”，“allow”强调“allow sb. to do”结构，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“经典例句”提供语境支撑，如“Chinese calligraphy”搭配“practice calligraphy”帮助理解应用，不同基础学生可针对性学习，教师能直接用于词汇教学与考点梳理，提升课堂效率。

Unit 2 核心单词用法 单词 常见搭配 考点提示 经典例句 literature / l tr t (r)/(n. 文学;文学作品) Chinese literature(中国文学)、love literature(热爱文学) 不可数名词,表“文学”整体;可指“文学作品”(可数) I like reading Chinese literature. calligraphy /k l r fi/(n. 书法;书法艺术) Chinese calligraphy(中国书法)、practice calligraphy(练书法) 不可数名词;与write(书写)区分(calligraphy是艺术) He practices calligraphy every day. swan /sw n/(n. 天鹅) a beautiful swan(美丽的天鹅)、swan on the lake(湖上的天鹅) 可数名词,复数swans;常与lake搭配 There are two swans swimming in the lake. west /west/(n. 西;adj. 西方的) in the west(在西方)、west wind(西风) 作名词表“方向”,前加the;作形容词修饰名词 The sun sets in the west. teahouse / ti ha s/(n. 茶馆) a traditional teahouse(传统茶馆)、go to the teahouse(去茶馆) 可数名词,复数teahouses;表“场所”前加the We drink tea in the old teahouse. ballet / b le /(n. 芭蕾舞剧;芭蕾舞) watch a ballet(看芭蕾舞)、ballet dancer(芭蕾舞者) 不可数名词表“舞蹈形式”,可数表“芭蕾舞剧” She learns ballet at the dance school. century / sent ri/(n. 百年;世纪) the 21st century(21世纪)、a century ago(一个世纪前) 可数名词,复数centuries;“世纪”表达为“the + 序数词 + century” We live in the 21st century. express / k spres/(v. 表达) express feelings(表达情感)、express oneself(表达自己) 动词,后接宾语;名词形式为expression(表达) I express my thanks with a gift. spirit / sp r t/(n. 精神;情绪) team spirit(团队精神)、in good spirit(情绪好) 不可数名词表“精神”,可数表“情绪”;与soul(灵魂)区分 We need team spirit to win the game. classic / kl s k/(adj. 优秀的;传统的) classic books(经典书籍)、classic music(古典音乐) 形容词,可修饰作品/艺术;名词形式为classic(经典作品) This is a classic movie everyone should watch. novel / n vl/(n. 小说) a story novel(故事小说)、read novels(读小说) 可数名词,复数novels;与book(书籍)区分(novel是小说类书籍) I like reading novels by Lu Xun. oil / l/(n. 油画;石油) oil painting(油画)、cook with oil(用油烹饪) 不可数名词;“oil painting”为固定短语 The artist creates beautiful oil paintings. calligrapher /k l r f (r)/(n. 书法家) a famous calligrapher(著名书法家)、write like a calligrapher(像书法家一样写) 可数名词,复数calligraphers;由calligraphy派生 He is a great calligrapher in China. ancient / e n nt/(adj. 古代的;古老的) ancient buildings(古建筑)、ancient times(古代) 形容词,修饰事物;反义词为modern(现代的) We visit ancient temples in Xi’an. photography /f t r fi/(n. 摄影;摄影艺术) learn photography(学摄影)、photography skills(摄影技巧) 不可数名词;由动词photograph(拍照)派生 Her hobby is photography—she takes many photos. wood /w d/(n. 木;木头) a piece of wood(一块木头)、wood table(木桌) 不可数名词表“木材”,可数表“树林”(woods) The chair is made of wood. sand /s nd/(n. 沙;沙子) play with sand(玩沙子)、sand on the beach(沙滩上的沙子) 不可数名词;“a grain of sand”表“一粒沙” We build castles with sand on the beach. correct /k rekt/(adj. 正确的) correct answer(正确答案)、be correct(是对的) 形容词,可作表语或定语;动词形式为correct(纠正) Your answer to the question is correct. wow /wa /(excl. 哇,呀) Wow! That’s amazing!(哇!太神奇了!) 感叹词,表惊讶/赞叹;用于口语 Wow! You win the game—congratulations! pity / p ti/(n. 遗憾,可惜) It’s a pity(很遗憾)、feel pity(感到可惜) 不可数名词;常用句式“It’s a pity that...” It’s a pity that we can’t go to the park. type /ta p/(n. 类型;v. 打字) different types(不同类型)、type a letter(打一封信) 作名词表“类型”,作动词表“打字”;名词形式为typewriter(打字机) What type of music do you like? musical / mju z kl/(adj. 音乐的) musical instrument(乐器)、musical show(音乐表演) 形容词,修饰事物;名词形式为musical(音乐剧) She can play many musical instruments. instrument / nstr m nt/(n. 乐器;工具) play an instrument(演奏乐器)、scientific instrument(科学工具) 可数名词,复数instruments;乐器前加the He plays the instrument very well. string /str /(n. 弦) guitar string(吉他弦)、break a string(断弦) 可数名词,复数strings;与乐器(如guitar/violin)搭配 The string of the violin is broken. beat /bi t/(n. 节拍;v. 击打) follow the beat(跟着节拍)、beat the drum(打鼓) 作名词表“节拍”,作动词时过去式为beat(不规则) We dance to the beat of the music. keyboard / ki b d/(n. 琴键;键盘) piano keyboard(钢琴键)、computer keyboard(电脑键盘) 可数名词,复数keyboards;与piano/computer搭配 She presses the keyboard to play the song. violin / va l n/(n. 小提琴) play the violin(拉小提琴)、violin player(小提琴手) 可数名词,复数violins;乐器前加the Her dream is to play the violin on stage. belong /b l /(v. 应在;适应) belong to(属于)、belong here(适应这里) 不及物动词,后接to+名词;不能用于被动语态 This book belongs to me. drum /dr m/(n. 鼓) play the drum(打鼓)、a set of drums(一套鼓) 可数名词,复数drums;乐器前加the He plays the drum in the school band. trumpet / tr mp t/(n. 小号;喇叭) play the trumpet(吹小号)、trumpet player(小号手) 可数名词,复数trumpets;乐器前加the My brother learns to play the trumpet. language / l w d /(n. 语言) speak a language(说一种语言)、English language(英语) 可数名词,复数languages;“language”也可表“语言文字” We learn a new language at school. allow / la /(v. 允许;使可能) allow sb. to do(允许某人做)、not allow(不允许) 动词,后接人+to do;否定形式为don’t allow My parents allow me to watch TV after homework. communicate /k mju n ke t/(v. 交流;沟通) communicate with sb.(与某人交流)、communicate ideas(交流想法) 动词,后接with+人;名词形式为communication We need to communicate more with each other. feeling / fi l /(n. 感觉;情感) happy feeling(开心的感觉)、share feelings(分享情感) 可数名词,复数feelings;与feel(动词)同源 I have a good feeling about this trip. relax /r l ks/(v. 放松) relax at home(在家放松)、relax after work(下班后放松) 动词,后接地点/时间;形容词形式为relaxed(放松的) I relax by listening to music. afraid / fre d/(adj. 害怕;担心) be afraid of(害怕)、be afraid to do(害怕做) 形容词,常与be搭配;“afraid”不能作定语 She is afraid of dogs. medium / mi di m/(n. 媒介;手段,复数media) communication medium(交流媒介)、social media(社交媒体) 复数为media(不规则变化);表“媒介”时常用复数 We use social media to communicate. eye /a /(n. 眼睛) a pair of eyes(一双眼睛)、big eyes(大眼睛) 可数名词,复数eyes;“eye”也可表“眼光” She has beautiful big eyes. pigeon / p d n/(n. 鸽子) a white pigeon(白鸽)、pigeon on the roof(屋顶上的鸽子) 可数名词,复数pigeons;常象征“和平” We see a pigeon flying in the sky. opera / pr /(n. 歌剧) watch an opera(看歌剧)、Chinese opera(中国戏曲) 不可数名词表“艺术形式”,可数表“歌剧剧目” My grandma likes watching Chinese opera. strict /str kt/(adj. 要求严格的) strict teacher(严格的老师)、be strict with sb.(对某人严格) 形容词,常与be搭配;“strict”后接with+人 My mother is strict with my study. perfect / p f kt/(adj. 完美的;极好的) perfect score(满分)、perfect day(完美的一天) 形容词,无比较级(本身表最高程度);动词形式为perfect(使完美) The weather today is perfect for a picnic. painter / pe nt (r)/(n. 画家;油漆匠) a famous painter(著名画家)、paint like a painter(像画家一样画) 可数名词,复数painters;由动词paint派生 Van Gogh is a great painter in history. popular / p pj l (r)/(adj. 受欢迎的) popular song(流行歌曲)、be popular with(受……欢迎) 形容词,常与be搭配;“popular”后接with+人群 This game is popular with students. sentence / sent ns/(n. 句子;判决) make a sentence(造句子)、long sentence(长句子) 可数名词,复数sentences;“sentence”也可表“判决” Can you make a sentence with this word? huge /hju d /(adj. 巨大的;极多的) huge house(大房子)、huge number(大量) 形容词,可修饰事物;反义词为small There is a huge tree in front of the house. gate / e t/(n. 大门;栅栏门) school gate(校门)、open the gate(开门) 可数名词,复数gates;与“door(门)”区分(gate是大门) We meet at the school gate after class. tower / ta (r)/(n. 塔;塔楼) TV tower(电视塔)、climb the tower(爬塔) 可数名词,复数towers;常与“climb”搭配 We climb the tower to see the city. value / v lju /(v. 重视;n. 价值) value time(重视时间)、have value(有价值) 作动词表“重视”,作名词表“价值”;形容词形式为valuable(有价值的) We should value our friendship. northern / n n/(adj. 北方的;北部的) northern China(中国北方)、northern city(北方城市) 形容词,修饰地点;与north(名词)同源 Harbin is a northern city in China. dynasty / d n sti/(n. 王朝;朝代) ancient dynasty(古代王朝)、Tang Dynasty(唐朝) 可数名词,复数dynasties;专有朝代名首字母大写 The Tang Dynasty is a great dynasty in China. amazing / me z /(adj. 令人惊奇的) amazing view(令人惊叹的景色)、amazing story(惊人的故事) 修饰事物,与amazed(修饰人)区分;由amaze(动词)派生 The view from the mountain is amazing. centimetre / sent mi t (r)/(n. 厘米) 10 centimetres(10厘米)、long centimetre(长厘米) 可数名词,复数centimetres;美式拼写为centimeter The pencil is 15 centimetres long. pull /p l/(v. 拉;拖) pull the door(拉门)、pull up(拉起) 动词,与push(推)对应;“pull up”表“拉起” Please pull the door to open it. shout / a t/(v. 大声说;叫) shout at sb.(对某人大喊)、shout loudly(大声喊) 动词,后接at+人(表生气);名词形式为shout(喊声) Don’t shout at your classmates. riverside / r v sa d/(n. 河畔;河岸) walk along the riverside(沿河畔散步)、riverside park(河畔公园) 可数名词,复数riversides;与river(河流)搭配 We have a picnic at the riverside. riverbank / r v b k/(n. 河堤;河岸) sit on the riverbank(坐在河堤上)、clean the riverbank(清理河岸) 可数名词,复数riverbanks;与riverside同义 We watch the river from the riverbank. mark /m k/(v. 标示;n. 记号) mark the map(在地图上做标记)、a red mark(红记号) 作动词表“标记”,作名词表“记号”;“mark”也可表“分数” Mark the important words with a pen. businessman / b zn sm n/(n. 商界人员;企业家,复数businessmen) successful businessman(成功的企业家)、work as a businessman(当商人) 复数为businessmen(不规则变化);对应businesswoman His father is a businessman who travels a lot. explore / k spl (r)/(v. 探索;考察) explore the forest(探索森林)、explore space(探索太空) 动词,后接地点;名词形式为explorer(探险者) Scientists explore the deep sea. crowd /kra d/(n. 人群;v. 挤满) a big crowd(一大群人)、crowd into the room(挤进屋) 作名词表“人群”,作动词表“挤满”;“crowded”是形容词(拥挤的) There is a crowd of people in the street. besides /b sa dz/(prep. 除……之外还) besides English(除了英语之外)、besides me(除了我之外) 后接名词/代词;与except(除了,不包含)区分 Besides math, we learn English and Chinese. nothing / n /(pron. 没有什么) have nothing(一无所有)、nothing to do(无事可做) 不定代词,表否定;“nothing”作主语时,谓语动词用单数 There is nothing in the box. anybody / enib di/(pron. 任何人) Is anybody here?(有人在吗?)、not know anybody(不认识任何人) 不定代词,用于否定/疑问句;与anyone同义 Does anybody want to join the game? nobody / n b di/(pron. 没有人) Nobody knows(没人知道)、nobody here(这里没人) 不定代词,表否定;作主语时,谓语动词用单数 Nobody is late for class today. anything / eni /(pron. 任何东西) eat anything(吃任何东西)、not anything(什么都没有) 不定代词,用于否定/疑问句;与something(肯定句)区分 Do you want anything to drink? harm /h m/(v./n. 损害;伤害) do harm to(对……有害)、no harm(无害) 作动词/名词均可;“do harm to”为固定搭配 Smoking does harm to your health. somewhere / s mwe (r)/(adv. 在某处) go somewhere(去某个地方)、somewhere nice(好地方) 副词,用于肯定句;与anywhere(否定/疑问句)区分 Let’s go somewhere to have lunch. someone / s mw n/(pron. 某人) someone is here(有人在这)、call someone(打电话给某人) 不定代词,用于肯定句;与somebody同义 Someone is knocking at the door. anywhere / eniwe (r)/(adv. 任何地方) go anywhere(去任何地方)、not go anywhere(不去任何地方) 副词,用于否定/疑问句;与somewhere(肯定句)区分 I don’t want to go anywhere today. create /kri e t/(v. 创造) create a story(创作故事)、create new things(创造新事物) 动词,后接宾语;名词形式为creation(创造物) Artists create beautiful works of art. magical / m d kl/(adj. 有魔力的;奇妙的) magical world(魔法世界)、magical moment(奇妙的时刻) 形容词,修饰事物;由magic(名词)派生 The movie shows a magical world. real / ri l/(adj. 真实的;实际存在的) real story(真实的故事)、real friend(真心朋友) 形容词,可修饰事物/人;反义词为fake(假的) Is this a real diamond? unknown / n n n/(adj. 未知的;无名的) unknown place(未知的地方)、unknown singer(无名歌手) 形容词,由known(已知的)加否定前缀un-构成 We explore the unknown parts of the world. anytime / eni-ta m/(adv. 在任何时候) call me anytime(随时打电话给我)、come anytime(随时来) 副词,用于口语;表“随时” You can ask me for help anytime. magic / m d k/(adj. 有魔力的;n. 魔法) magic trick(魔术)、magic power(魔力) 作形容词表“魔法的”,作名词表“魔术/魔法”;与magical(形容词)同义 The magician shows us a magic trick. impossible / m p s bl/(adj. 不可能的) impossible task(不可能的任务)、be impossible(不可能) 形容词,由possible(可能的)加否定前缀im-构成 It’s impossible to finish the work in one day. concert / k ns t/(n. 音乐会) go to a concert(去听音乐会)、music concert(音乐会) 可数名词,复数concerts;“concert”前常加a/the We go to a pop concert this weekend. sweet /swi t/(adj. 悦耳的;甜的) sweet music(悦耳的音乐)、sweet candy(甜糖果) 形容词,可修饰声音/味道;名词形式为sweet(糖果) The song has a sweet melody. fat /f t/(adj. 肥的;n. 脂肪) fat cat(肥猫)、too fat(太胖) 作形容词表“肥胖的”,作名词表“脂肪”;反义词为thin(瘦的) Eating too much junk food makes you fat. awful / fl/(adj. 很坏的;极讨厌的) awful weather(糟糕的天气)、awful smell(难闻的气味) 形容词,修饰事物;反义词为great(好的) The food has an awful taste. folk /f k/(adj. 传统民间的;民俗的) folk music(民间音乐)、folk dance(民间舞蹈) 形容词,修饰艺术形式;“folk”也可作名词(人们) We learn folk songs in music class. shape / e p/(n. 形状;外形) different shapes(不同形状)、square shape(方形) 可数名词,复数shapes;“shape”也可作动词(塑造) The cake is in the shape of a heart. character / k r kt (r)/(n. 文字;人物) Chinese character(汉字)、movie character(电影人物) 可数名词,复数characters;可指“文字/人物/性格” We learn Chinese characters every day. upside / psa d/(n. 正面) upside down(上下颠倒)、the upside of the paper(纸的正面) 可数名词,常与down搭配(upside down表“颠倒”) Don’t turn the book upside down. symbol / s mbl/(n. 象征;符号) national symbol(国家象征)、math symbol(数学符号) 可数名词,复数symbols;“symbol of”表“……的象征” The panda is a symbol of China. clay /kle /(n. 黏土;陶土) clay figure(泥人)、make with clay(用黏土制作) 不可数名词;“clay”常与“make”搭配 We make clay toys in art class. immediately / mi di tli/(adv. 立即;马上) come immediately(马上来)、do it immediately(立即做) 副词,放动词前/后;与right now同义 Please call me immediately if you need help. mask /m sk/(n. 面具;面罩) wear a mask(戴面具)、halloween mask(万圣节面具) 可数名词,复数masks;“mask”也可表“口罩” We wear masks at the costume party. role /r l/(n. 角色) play a role(扮演角色)、important role(重要角色) 可数名词,复数roles;“role in”表“在……中的角色” She plays the main role in the movie. style /sta l/(n. 方式;作风) different styles(不同风格)、personal style(个人风格) 可数名词,复数styles;可指“风格/方式” I like her dress style—it’s very cool. among / m /(prep. 在……中) among friends(在朋友中)、among the trees(在树中) 后接复数名词/代词(三者及以上);与between(两者之间)区分 He is the tallest among his classmates. fan /f n/(n. 粉丝;风扇) football fan(足球迷)、turn on the fan(开风扇) 可数名词,复数fans;可指“粉丝”或“风扇” I am a big fan of this singer. pleasant / pleznt/(adj. 愉快的;友好的) pleasant trip(愉快的旅行)、pleasant person(友好的人) 形容词,修饰事物/人;反义词为unpleasant(不愉快的) We have a pleasant time at the park. stadium / ste di m/(n. 体育场) sports stadium(体育场)、go to the stadium(去体育场) 可数名词,复数stadiums;与“sports”搭配 We watch the football game at the stadium. creative /kri e t v/(adj. 创造性的;创作的) creative idea(创意)、creative work(创作作品) 形容词,修饰事物/人;由create(动词)派生 She has many creative ideas for the project. musician /mju z n/(n. 音乐家) famous musician(著名音乐家)、play like a musician(像音乐家一样演奏) 可数名词,复数musicians;由music(音乐)派生 Beethoven is a great musician. relaxed /r l kst/(adj. 放松的;自在的) feel relaxed(感到放松)、relaxed mood(放松的心情) 修饰人,与relaxing(修饰事物)区分;由relax(动词)派生 I feel relaxed after taking a walk. operate / p re t/(v. 操作;动手术) operate the machine(操作机器)、operate on sb.(给某人动手术) 动词,“operate on”表“动手术”;名词形式为operation(手术) The doctor operates on the patient. control /k n tr l/(n./v. 控制) control the car(控制汽车)、take control(掌控) 作动词表“控制”,作名词表“控制权”;“out of control”表“失控” You need to control your temper. electronic / lek tr n k/(adj. 电子的) electronic device(电子设备)、electronic music(电子音乐) 形容词,修饰事物;与electric(电的)区分(electronic是电子的) We use many electronic devices in daily life. photographer /f t r f (r)/(n. 摄影师) professional photographer(专业摄影师)、take photos like a photographer(像摄影师一样拍照) 可数名词,复数photographers;由photography派生 My uncle is a photographer who takes beautiful photos. sportswoman / sp tsw m n/(n. 女运动员,复数sportswomen) great sportswoman(伟大的女运动员)、olympic sportswoman(奥运女运动员) 复数为sportswomen(不规则变化);对应sportsman(男运动员) She is a sportswoman who wins many medals. singer / s (r)/(n. 歌唱家;歌手) pop singer(流行歌手)、sing like a singer(像歌手一样唱) 可数名词,复数singers;由动词sing派生 She wants to be a singer when she grows up. 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