精品解析：广西桂林市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题

桂林市2024~2025学年度上学期期末质量检测 高二英语 (考试用时120分钟，满分150分) 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What is the woman going to do? A. Eat out. B. Buy a bike. C. Buy breakfast. 2. Why is the woman going to Hong Kong? A To see her grandparents. B. To visit some friends. C. To go on holiday. 3. When will the train leave? A. At 12: 15. B. At 12: 30. C. At 12: 45. 4. What does the man want to do? A. Meet the manager. B. Make a phone call. C. Read the advertisement. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The weather. B. The man’s family. C. The man’s garden. 第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife. 7. Where may the woman find her mobile phone? A. At home. B. In her car. C. In a convenience store. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What did the man do yesterday? A He stayed at home. B. He read the weather report. C. He met a friend at the bus station. 9. How is the weather now? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 10. What will the man do this weekend? A. Work on a farm. B. Volunteer at a zoo. C. Visit an art museum. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. Where are the two speakers? A. In a hospital. B. On the street. C. At the woman’s house. 12. What happened to the woman? A. She broke her glasses. B She hurt her leg. C. She hit a bike rider. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Rest at home. B. Return to work. C. Quit her job. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the man doing? A. Giving advice. B. Doing an interview. C. Examining a patient. 15. What happened to Susan? A. She went blind. B. She lost one arm. C. She caught a heart disease. 16. When did Susan take part in the competition? A. At the age of 5. B. At the age of 10. C. At the age of 14. 17. What does Susan think of music? A. Relaxing. B. Important. C. Difficult. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the speaker talking about? A. Human voice. B. Noise pollution. C. The importance of hearing. 19. What does “you can’t hear yourself think” mean? A. You are too stressed out. B. It’s very noisy around you. C. You have trouble with your head. 20. What is the second way of reducing the harm of noise? A. Reducing the noise. B. Introducing more laws. C. Protecting us from noise. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Here are several popular eco-friendly travel ways to explore the beauty of nature as well as protect the environment. Cycling Tours Cycling Tours have gained immense popularity among travelers who are aware of environmental issues. They provide a special chance to explore a place slowly, giving you enough time to have a close look at the beautiful scenery and connect with local people. You have a variety of routes to choose from, ranging from country lanes with lovely rural views to coastal trails with amazing ocean views. Some cycling tour firms offer top-notch bicycles and skilled guides who know a lot about the local history and culture. Additionally, cycling is a form of transportation that doesn’t produce any emissions, which helps lower your carbon footprint. Electric Car Rentals For those who want an easier way to travel while still caring for the environment, renting an electric car is a fantastic option. Numerous cities worldwide now offer electric car or scooter (滑板车) rental services. These vehicles are not only quiet and smooth-riding but also emit fewer pollutants compared to traditional gasoline vehicles. With an electric car, you can effortlessly visit various attractions in a city or even go on a road trip to nearby places. Some rental companies also provide helpful information and support regarding charging stations. Eco-Friendly Cruise Ships Eco-Friendly Cruise Ships are becoming a new trend. These ships are equipped with advanced waste management and energy-saving technologies. They use clean energy sources like solar and wind power to reduce their fuel usage. On board, passengers can enjoy a wide range of facilities and activities while knowing that the cruise line is dedicated (致力于) to minimizing its harm to the environment. Some eco-friendly cruise ships also offer educational programs about protecting the oceans and living sustainably. 1. What is the advantage of Cycling Tours? A. They are the fastest way to travel. B. They offer a close exploration of a place. C. They require no professional guides. D. They are only available in the countryside. 2. Why are Electric Car Rentals considered eco-friendly? A. They are cheaper. B. They are fully equipped. C They use less fuel. D. They release fewer pollutants. 3. How do Eco-Friendly Cruise Ships protect the environment? A. They do no harm to the oceans. B. They do not produce waste on board. C. They use clean energy and advanced technologies. D. They do not allow passengers to do any activities. B Florence Nightingale was born in 1820 into a rich family. From her early years, she exhibited an extraordinary tendency towards assisting others. In an era when society expected that a young woman of her status would marry into wealth and lead a comfortable and carefree life. Florence had a distinct vision. Nursing, during that period, was regarded as a lowly occupation, yet she was firmly convinced that her true calling lay in serving humanity through this very field. When the Crimean War broke out in 1854, the news reached Florence. Florence heard about the terrible situation of the wounded soldiers and decided to take action. She led a team of nurses to the front. As soon as they got there, they met many terrible challenges, but Florence was not afraid. There was a serious shortage of medical supplies and basic necessities were often in short supply. The hygienic (卫生的) conditions were extremely poor, posing a serious threat to the recovery of patients. Some officers were deeply influenced by traditional ideas that women had no ability to contribute in such a bad environment. Florence remained determined. She worked day and night to attend to the sick and wounded selflessly. Her efforts achieved a lot and the survival rate of soldiers was significantly improved. After the war, Florence’s work was far from finished. She was determined to revolutionize the nursing profession. She established some well-known nursing schools, where she could pass on her knowledge and values to future generations. She also wrote several influential books on nursing practices, which became essential resources in the field. Her remarkable achievements not only enhanced the status of nurses but also had a far-reaching and profound impact on the healthcare. Florence Nightingale passed away in 1910, but her memory as “the Lady with the Lamp” inspired countless nurses and healthcare workers to follow in her noble footsteps. 4. What can we learn about Florence Nightingale? A. She married into wealth. B. She was born into a poor family. C. She wanted to lead a relaxing life. D. She desired to serve humanity as a nurse. 5. How did Florence Nightingale face the challenges during the Crimean War? A. With her strong determination. B. With the help of some officers. C. With the support from her family. D. With the help of soldiers in war. 6. What was Florence’s main contribution after the Crimean War? A. She became a famous war hero. B. She was devoted to nursing innovation. C. She was invited to give lectures. D. She was engaged in medical research. 7. What is the passage mainly about? A. Nightingale’s education. B. Nightingale’s family. C. Nightingale’s achievements. D. Nightingale’s books. C Picture this: you are in a position where your phone runs out of battery, but you don’t have anywhere to charge it. Well, what if the clothing you were wearing could help you out? It’s an option that isn’t as strange as you might think. Now the latest fashion breakthrough is taking “activewear” in an entirely new direction: researchers at Nottingham Trent University have developed a new fabric that can keep small devices juiced. The prototype (样品) includes 1,200 tiny solar panels, each measuring just 5 by 1.5 millimeters. It can generate 400 milliwatts (毫瓦特) of electrical energy, enough to charge electronic devices. “Until now very few people have considered their clothing products could be used for charging electronic devices,” explains Theodore Hughes-Riley, an associate professor of Electronic Textiles. “The material which we have developed appears and behaves the same as any ordinary fabric, as it can be washed in a machine. Besides, because the tiny solar cells are made up of silicon, wearers aren’t able to even notice a discrepancy in the fabric’s composition when it is compared to standard clothing.” Potential products include items like outerwear, backpacks and other carrying bags using the material, all of which could allow wearers to keep their devices charged during the day. “Electronic fabrics really have the potential to change people’s relationship with technology, as this prototype shows how we could do away with charging many devices on the wall,” adds Theodore. Solar power innovations are key to transitioning (转变) human society from fossil fuel technologies, and are coming into a variety of fields. The European Space Agency, for example, plans to experiment with solar panel systems orbiting above Earth. Since there are no real “days” or “nights” in space, potential solar power generation could be as much as 8 or 9 times greater than what’s currently achievable here on Earth’s surface. As powerful as that may one day be for us, it’s encouraging to know even changes like the composition of our clothing can help facilitate the necessary renewable energy shift for our species. 8. What makes the new fabric special? A. It can produce electricity from sunlight. B. It can change color in the sun. C. It is much softer than standard clothing. D. It can adjust body temperature. 9. What does the underlined word “discrepancy” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Progress. B. Distinction. C. Similarity. D. Mismatch. 10. How does the innovation impact our relationship with technology according to Theodore? A. By making electronic devices cheaper and cheaper. B. By increasing our dependence on electronic devices. C. By making us more aware of our energy consumption. D. By reducing the demand for fixed charging equipment. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Solar energy will soon replace fossil fuels. B. Solar power is more useful in space than on Earth. C. Small changes can contribute to a renewable energy future. D. Space exploration is necessary for advancing solar technology. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to eat like the Spanish One of the best things about visiting Spain is the foodie culture. The fresh Mediterranean ingredients make dishes like paella so good that they’re copied around the world. And, while food is taken seriously, the attitude to actually eating is so laid-back. ____12____. ●Double breakfast Having not one, but two breakfasts is quite common across many parts of Spain. ____13____. And make time mid-morning for a more substantial breakfast, perhaps involving toasted bread with tomatoes and olive oil. ●____14____ Lunch, which starts at 2 pm, is the biggest meal of the day and can consist of several courses. This is when you’ll have the best opportunity to enjoy some of the classic Spanish dishes, like rice-based seafood paella, lentil soups and hearty meat stews. ●Afternoon snack Mid-afternoon is the best snacking time in Spain and the perfect excuse to try that great café you spotted the other day. ____15____. Coffee is a big part of the afternoon snack but is also enjoyed at breakfast and at the end of larger meals, served after dessert. ●Prepare to eat late ____16____. Locals will sit down for their evening meal around 9:30 pm. This is often a lighter meal, so you might see salads, potato omelets, fried potatoes or cured meats on the menu. Many restaurants will open their doors earlier for tourists, but making sure that you eat late at least once will allow you to fully experience eating like the Spanish. A. Fill up at lunch B. Enjoy special dishes C. People will often stay at their restaurant tables for hours D. Here’s a guide to eating your way through the day like the Spanish E. Dinner in Spain takes place later than in any other country in Europe F. Start with a coffee and something small like a cake when you first get up G. Often, some kind of cake or fruit tart is enjoyed with coffee and eaten with friends 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Patrick Mariakis, an officer, got a call to rescue a dog from a frozen lake. That’s exactly what happened on Monday. When he arrived on the ____17____, he attempted to carefully walk on the frozen ground. Unluckily, he only walked about 10 feet before the ice ____18____. Luckily, the people who called the police about the dog were able to ____19____ by providing the officer with their boat. Together, they fixed it with rope to his car. This way, they could pull both the officer and the dog back to the ____20____. Patrick slowly but ____21____ made his way to the dog named Honey. But when he reached her, it took some time to get her to ____22____ a stranger. Luckily, the two of them became ____23____ friends after a few interactions. Best of all, they ____24____ it back to shore. Here, the ____25____ people greeted Honey with towels and treats until they were able to ____26____ the owner with her dog. It turned out that Honey was recently ____27____. She had only been in her new home for a few days when she ____28____ to escape from the new house. Needless to say, her owner was ____29____ to have her back. As for people calling Patrick a ____30____, he believes his co-workers would have done the same thing. “We never hesitate to ____31____ on the spot, ‘Ah, it’s not worth it.’ We’ll do our best,” he explains. 17. A. field B. station C. stage D. spot 18. A. formed B. cracked C. floated D. froze 19. A. help B. insist C. judge D. swim 20. A. city B. lake C. land D. home 21. A. simply B. surely C. barely D. aimlessly 22. A. trust B. recognize C. remember D. refuse 23. A. secret B. false C. old D. fast 24. A. switched B. returned C. made D. shipped 25. A. helpful B. particular C. clever D. polite 26. A. reunite B. hunt C. play D. part 27. A. rescued B. trained C. located D. adopted 28. A. continued B. managed C. pretended D. failed 29. A. proud B. grateful C. afraid D. unwilling 30. A. liar B. loser C. pioneer D. hero 31. A. act out B. hang out C. show up D. show off 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the early 19th century, a group of Chinese tea farmers journeyed to Brazil, carrying tea seeds with the aim of cultivating tea and sharing their farming skills. They ____32____ (choose) a spot within the current Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden as their planting site. Their efforts soon became a symbol of the deep friendship between China and Brazil, ____33____ (deep) rooted in Brazilian soil. Today, Rio de Janeiro honors these immigrants through ____34____ (vary) monuments. One of the most representative ____35____ (example) is the Vista Chinesa in Tijuca National Park, a Chinese-style tower ____36____ (build) in the early 1900s. On August 15, 2018, a plaque (匾牌) was displayed in the Rio Botanical Garden in memory of ____37____ 200th anniversary of Chinese immigration. The plaque reads: “In 1812, the first Chinese immigrants to Brazil planted tea trees here, ____38____ (mark) a lasting proof of the friendship between China and Brazil.” This event was part of the celebrations for Brazil’s first Chinese Immigration Day, ____39____ also marked the anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties in 1974. In 2022, the city established September 28, widely known ____40____ Confucius’ birthday, to honor the growing cultural exchanges between the two countries. Additionally, the Spring Festival ____41____ (recognize) as an official holiday in Rio de Janeiro State. 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据汉语，结合语境拼写出单词的正确形式，每空一词。 42. __________(失败) is the mother of success. 43 He translated this article ________ (按照字面意思). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 44. Many green trees ________ (包围，环绕) our school. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 45. This machine is the ________ (祖先) of the modern computer. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 46. My mother’s voice on the phone was very ________ (温和的，温柔的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. I ________ (罕有地，少有地) eat fast food because I prefer healthy meals. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. We are going to hold a meeting to ________ (选举，推选) a new leader. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. Typhoon is a natural ________ (灾祸，灾难) that can cause significant damages. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. The painting is an ________ (抽象的) one because it doesn’t have a specific image. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. When Mr Zhang taught, he would ________ (分配，分派) a topic to us that we would write about. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 52. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter想了解你的校园生活，请给你给他写一封邮件，分享你最近参加的一次校园劳动。内容包括： 1.劳动过程; 2.劳动感受。 注意：词数80左右。 Dear Peter, I am writing to share a recent school labour with you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 53. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jack Thomas, a 65-year-old retired man, stood by the living room window, staring at the outside on a beautiful sunny day. He glanced around his yard and realized it had been a long time since he last cleaned it. Hoping to ease his boredom, he started cleaning but quickly got tired and sat down on the stairs. “This will take a while,” he thought sadly as he looked around. A few minutes later, Jack’s attention was drawn to the dustbin in their area, and he noticed that the trash bags were left outside instead of inside the bin. Jack stopped right in front of the bin and began clearing the trash, putting the bags inside the bin. When he was done, he noticed that nearly every house in the area had left its trash bags out in the open. Jack knew it would be difficult to clean up the trash in front of all the houses in the burning heat, but he couldn’t just see his neighborhood like that. He took a trolley (手推车) from his backyard and decided to move from one house to the next, clearing up the litter dropped in front. At first, he stopped outside the house across from his and put its garbage bags into his trolley. But he hadn’t even left when a middle-aged man came out with a garbage bag and simply dropped it on the road. To make matters worse, he didn’t even secure the bag properly, so the wind blew part of the trash onto the street. At that point, Jack lost his cool and said, “Pardon me, sir, but that is not the proper method of getting rid of garbage! You littered the street again after I just attempted to clean it, sir!” The man said that it was none of his business. Before Jack could say anything more, the man returned to his house and closed the door. Jack sighed and shook his head. He cleaned up the trash across the road, put it back into the trash bag, loaded it into his trolley, and moved on. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150词左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 He was busy cleaning the rest of the houses when he noticed a young boy. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking at him with great shame, the boy said in low voice, “I’m Stephen. I just want to say sorry for my dad.” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 桂林市2024~2025学年度上学期期末质量检测 高二英语 (考试用时120分钟，满分150分) 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What is the woman going to do? A. Eat out. B. Buy a bike. C. Buy breakfast. 2. Why is the woman going to Hong Kong? A. To see her grandparents. B. To visit some friends. C. To go on holiday. 3. When will the train leave? A. At 12: 15. B. At 12: 30. C. At 12: 45. 4. What does the man want to do? A. Meet the manager. B. Make a phone call. C. Read the advertisement. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The weather. B. The man’s family. C. The man’s garden. 第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife. 7. Where may the woman find her mobile phone? A. At home. B. In her car. C. In a convenience store. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What did the man do yesterday? A. He stayed at home. B. He read the weather report. C. He met a friend at the bus station. 9. How is the weather now? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 10. What will the man do this weekend? A. Work on a farm. B. Volunteer at a zoo. C. Visit an art museum. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. Where are the two speakers? A. In a hospital. B. On the street. C. At the woman’s house. 12. What happened to the woman? A. She broke her glasses. B. She hurt her leg. C. She hit a bike rider. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Rest at home. B. Return to work. C. Quit her job. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the man doing? A. Giving advice. B. Doing an interview. C. Examining a patient. 15. What happened to Susan? A. She went blind. B. She lost one arm. C. She caught a heart disease. 16. When did Susan take part in the competition? A. At the age of 5. B. At the age of 10. C. At the age of 14. 17. What does Susan think of music? A. Relaxing. B. Important. C. Difficult. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the speaker talking about? A. Human voice. B. Noise pollution. C. The importance of hearing. 19. What does “you can’t hear yourself think” mean? A. You are too stressed out. B. It’s very noisy around you. C. You have trouble with your head. 20. What is the second way of reducing the harm of noise? A. Reducing the noise. B. Introducing more laws. C. Protecting us from noise. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Here are several popular eco-friendly travel ways to explore the beauty of nature as well as protect the environment. Cycling Tours Cycling Tours have gained immense popularity among travelers who are aware of environmental issues. They provide a special chance to explore a place slowly, giving you enough time to have a close look at the beautiful scenery and connect with local people. You have a variety of routes to choose from, ranging from country lanes with lovely rural views to coastal trails with amazing ocean views. Some cycling tour firms offer top-notch bicycles and skilled guides who know a lot about the local history and culture. Additionally, cycling is a form of transportation that doesn’t produce any emissions, which helps lower your carbon footprint. Electric Car Rentals For those who want an easier way to travel while still caring for the environment, renting an electric car is a fantastic option. Numerous cities worldwide now offer electric car or scooter (滑板车) rental services. These vehicles are not only quiet and smooth-riding but also emit fewer pollutants compared to traditional gasoline vehicles. With an electric car, you can effortlessly visit various attractions in a city or even go on a road trip to nearby places. Some rental companies also provide helpful information and support regarding charging stations. Eco-Friendly Cruise Ships Eco-Friendly Cruise Ships are becoming a new trend. These ships are equipped with advanced waste management and energy-saving technologies. They use clean energy sources like solar and wind power to reduce their fuel usage. On board, passengers can enjoy a wide range of facilities and activities while knowing that the cruise line is dedicated (致力于) to minimizing its harm to the environment. Some eco-friendly cruise ships also offer educational programs about protecting the oceans and living sustainably. 1. What is the advantage of Cycling Tours? A. They are the fastest way to travel. B. They offer a close exploration of a place. C. They require no professional guides. D. They are only available in the countryside. 2. Why are Electric Car Rentals considered eco-friendly? A. They are cheaper. B. They are fully equipped. C. They use less fuel. D. They release fewer pollutants. 3. How do Eco-Friendly Cruise Ships protect the environment? A. They do no harm to the oceans. B. They do not produce waste on board. C. They use clean energy and advanced technologies. D. They do not allow passengers to do any activities. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍骑行旅行、电动汽车租赁和环保游轮三种环保旅行方式，讲述其特点与环保优势。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cycling Tours部分中的“They provide a special chance to explore a place slowly, giving you enough time to have a close look at the beautiful scenery and connect with local people.(它们提供了一个慢慢探索一个地方的特别机会，让你有足够的时间近距离欣赏美丽的风景并与当地人交流。)”可知，骑行旅行的优势是能让人近距离探索目的地。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Electric Car Rentals部分中的“These vehicles are not only quiet and smooth-riding but also emit fewer pollutants compared to traditional gasoline vehicles.(这些交通工具不仅行驶安静平稳，而且与传统汽油车相比排放的污染物更少。)”可知，电动汽车租赁被视为环保方式的原因是其排放的污染物更少。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Eco-Friendly Cruise Ships部分中的“These ships are equipped with advanced waste management and energy-saving technologies. They use clean energy sources like solar and wind power to reduce their fuel usage.(这些游轮配备了先进的废物处理和节能技术，它们使用太阳能和风能等清洁能源来减少燃料消耗。)”可知，环保游轮通过配备先进技术和使用清洁能源来保护环境。故选C项。 B Florence Nightingale was born in 1820 into a rich family. From her early years, she exhibited an extraordinary tendency towards assisting others. In an era when society expected that a young woman of her status would marry into wealth and lead a comfortable and carefree life. Florence had a distinct vision. Nursing, during that period, was regarded as a lowly occupation, yet she was firmly convinced that her true calling lay in serving humanity through this very field. When the Crimean War broke out in 1854, the news reached Florence. Florence heard about the terrible situation of the wounded soldiers and decided to take action. She led a team of nurses to the front. As soon as they got there, they met many terrible challenges, but Florence was not afraid. There was a serious shortage of medical supplies and basic necessities were often in short supply. The hygienic (卫生的) conditions were extremely poor, posing a serious threat to the recovery of patients. Some officers were deeply influenced by traditional ideas that women had no ability to contribute in such a bad environment. Florence remained determined. She worked day and night to attend to the sick and wounded selflessly. Her efforts achieved a lot and the survival rate of soldiers was significantly improved. After the war, Florence’s work was far from finished. She was determined to revolutionize the nursing profession. She established some well-known nursing schools, where she could pass on her knowledge and values to future generations. She also wrote several influential books on nursing practices, which became essential resources in the field. Her remarkable achievements not only enhanced the status of nurses but also had a far-reaching and profound impact on the healthcare. Florence Nightingale passed away in 1910, but her memory as “the Lady with the Lamp” inspired countless nurses and healthcare workers to follow in her noble footsteps. 4. What can we learn about Florence Nightingale? A. She married into wealth. B. She was born into a poor family. C. She wanted to lead a relaxing life. D. She desired to serve humanity as a nurse. 5. How did Florence Nightingale face the challenges during the Crimean War? A. With her strong determination. B. With the help of some officers. C. With the support from her family. D. With the help of soldiers in war. 6. What was Florence’s main contribution after the Crimean War? A. She became a famous war hero. B. She was devoted to nursing innovation. C. She was invited to give lectures. D. She was engaged in medical research. 7. What is the passage mainly about? A. Nightingale’s education. B. Nightingale’s family. C. Nightingale’s achievements. D. Nightingale’s books. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述南丁格尔冲破世俗偏见投身护理事业，在克里米亚战争中救死扶伤，战后革新护理行业的传奇一生。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Nursing, during that period, was regarded as a lowly occupation, yet she was firmly convinced that her true calling lay in serving humanity through this very field.(在那个时期，护理被视为一份卑微的职业，但她坚信自己真正的使命是通过这个领域为人类服务。)”可知，南丁格尔希望以护士的身份为人类服务，这与选项D表述一致。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some officers were deeply influenced by traditional ideas that women had no ability to contribute in such a bad environment. Florence remained determined. She worked day and night to attend to the sick and wounded selflessly.(一些军官深受传统观念影响，认为女性在如此恶劣的环境中无法做出贡献。南丁格尔依旧意志坚定，她夜以继日地无私照料伤病员。)”可知，面对克里米亚战争中的重重挑战，南丁格尔凭借坚定的意志应对。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After the war, Florence’s work was far from finished. She was determined to revolutionize the nursing profession. She established some well-known nursing schools, where she could pass on her knowledge and values to future generations. She also wrote several influential books on nursing practices, which became essential resources in the field. (战争结束后，南丁格尔的事业远未止步。她决心彻底改革护理行业，创办了多所知名的护理学校，将自己的知识与理念传承给后人。她还撰写了数本极具影响力的护理实操专著，这些著作也成为了该领域的必备参考资料。)”可知，战后她的主要贡献是致力于护理行业的革新。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“Her remarkable achievements not only enhanced the status of nurses but also had a far-reaching and profound impact on the healthcare.(她的卓越成就不仅提升了护士的社会地位，更对医疗保健领域产生了深远且重大的影响。)”可知，文章围绕南丁格尔在护理领域的诸多成就展开，概括了她的一生贡献。故选C项。 C Picture this: you are in a position where your phone runs out of battery, but you don’t have anywhere to charge it. Well, what if the clothing you were wearing could help you out? It’s an option that isn’t as strange as you might think. Now the latest fashion breakthrough is taking “activewear” in an entirely new direction: researchers at Nottingham Trent University have developed a new fabric that can keep small devices juiced. The prototype (样品) includes 1,200 tiny solar panels, each measuring just 5 by 1.5 millimeters. It can generate 400 milliwatts (毫瓦特) of electrical energy, enough to charge electronic devices. “Until now very few people have considered their clothing products could be used for charging electronic devices,” explains Theodore Hughes-Riley, an associate professor of Electronic Textiles. “The material which we have developed appears and behaves the same as any ordinary fabric, as it can be washed in a machine. Besides, because the tiny solar cells are made up of silicon, wearers aren’t able to even notice a discrepancy in the fabric’s composition when it is compared to standard clothing.” Potential products include items like outerwear, backpacks and other carrying bags using the material, all of which could allow wearers to keep their devices charged during the day. “Electronic fabrics really have the potential to change people’s relationship with technology, as this prototype shows how we could do away with charging many devices on the wall,” adds Theodore. Solar power innovations are key to transitioning (转变) human society from fossil fuel technologies, and are coming into a variety of fields. The European Space Agency, for example, plans to experiment with solar panel systems orbiting above Earth. Since there are no real “days” or “nights” in space, potential solar power generation could be as much as 8 or 9 times greater than what’s currently achievable here on Earth’s surface. As powerful as that may one day be for us, it’s encouraging to know even changes like the composition of our clothing can help facilitate the necessary renewable energy shift for our species. 8. What makes the new fabric special? A. It can produce electricity from sunlight. B. It can change color in the sun. C. It is much softer than standard clothing. D. It can adjust body temperature. 9. What does the underlined word “discrepancy” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Progress. B. Distinction. C. Similarity. D. Mismatch. 10. How does the innovation impact our relationship with technology according to Theodore? A. By making electronic devices cheaper and cheaper. B. By increasing our dependence on electronic devices. C. By making us more aware of our energy consumption. D. By reducing the demand for fixed charging equipment. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Solar energy will soon replace fossil fuels. B. Solar power is more useful in space than on Earth. C. Small changes can contribute to a renewable energy future. D. Space exploration is necessary for advancing solar technology. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍诺丁汉特伦特大学研发的新型太阳能面料，可给小型设备充电，兼具普通面料特性，助力可再生能源转型。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The prototype (样品) includes 1,200 tiny solar panels, each measuring just 5 by 1.5 millimeters. It can generate 400 milliwatts (毫瓦特) of electrical energy, enough to charge electronic devices. (该样品包含1200块微型太阳能电池板，每块尺寸仅为5毫米乘1.5毫米。它可以产生400毫瓦的电能，足以给电子设备充电。)”可知，这种新型面料的特别之处在于能利用阳光发电。故选A项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“The material which we have developed appears and behaves the same as any ordinary fabric, as it can be washed in a machine. Besides, because the tiny solar cells are made up of silicon, wearers aren’t able to even notice a discrepancy in the fabric’s composition when it is compared to standard clothing.(我们研发的这种材料外观和性能都与普通面料无异，还可以机洗。此外，由于这些微型太阳能电池由硅制成，与标准服装相比，穿着者甚至察觉不到面料成分的discrepancy。)”可知，这种面料和普通面料差别极小，穿着者无法察觉，因此“discrepancy”的意思是“差异、区别”。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的““Electronic fabrics really have the potential to change people’s relationship with technology, as this prototype shows how we could do away with charging many devices on the wall,” adds Theodore. (“正如这款原型所展示的，我们有望不再需要给许多设备插墙充电，电子织物确实拥有改变人类与科技之间关系的潜力。”西奥多补充道。)”可知，西奥多认为这项创新能减少人们对固定充电设备的需求。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As powerful as that may one day be for us, it’s encouraging to know even changes like the composition of our clothing can help facilitate the necessary renewable energy shift for our species.(尽管未来这可能会给我们带来巨大助力，但令人鼓舞的是，我们知道即使是像服装成分这样的微小变化，也能帮助推动人类社会必要的可再生能源转型。)”可知，微小的改变也能为可再生能源的未来做出贡献。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to eat like the Spanish One of the best things about visiting Spain is the foodie culture. The fresh Mediterranean ingredients make dishes like paella so good that they’re copied around the world. And, while food is taken seriously, the attitude to actually eating is so laid-back. ____12____. ●Double breakfast Having not one, but two breakfasts is quite common across many parts of Spain. ____13____. And make time mid-morning for a more substantial breakfast, perhaps involving toasted bread with tomatoes and olive oil. ●____14____ Lunch, which starts at 2 pm, is the biggest meal of the day and can consist of several courses. This is when you’ll have the best opportunity to enjoy some of the classic Spanish dishes, like rice-based seafood paella, lentil soups and hearty meat stews. ●Afternoon snack Mid-afternoon is the best snacking time in Spain and the perfect excuse to try that great café you spotted the other day. ____15____. Coffee is a big part of the afternoon snack but is also enjoyed at breakfast and at the end of larger meals, served after dessert. ●Prepare to eat late ____16____. Locals will sit down for their evening meal around 9:30 pm. This is often a lighter meal, so you might see salads, potato omelets, fried potatoes or cured meats on the menu. Many restaurants will open their doors earlier for tourists, but making sure that you eat late at least once will allow you to fully experience eating like the Spanish. A. Fill up at lunch B. Enjoy special dishes C. People will often stay at their restaurant tables for hours D. Here’s a guide to eating your way through the day like the Spanish E. Dinner in Spain takes place later than in any other country in Europe F. Start with a coffee and something small like a cake when you first get up G. Often, some kind of cake or fruit tart is enjoyed with coffee and eaten with friends 【答案】12. D 13. F 14. A 15. G 16. E 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章通过总分结构介绍了西班牙独特的日常饮食文化，依次描述了其“双早餐”、“丰盛午餐”、“午后小吃”及“晚餐时间晚”四大特点，旨在为读者提供一份体验西班牙式饮食的指南。 【12题详解】 该空位于第一段末尾，需承上启下。前文“One of the best things about visiting Spain is the foodie culture. The fresh Mediterranean ingredients make dishes like paella so good that they’re copied around the world. And, while food is taken seriously, the attitude to actually eating is so laid-back.(游览西班牙最棒的体验之一便是其地道的美食文化。新鲜的地中海食材使得像海鲜饭这样的菜肴美味无比，甚至风靡全球。尽管他们对食物本身十分讲究，但实际的用餐态度却格外慵懒随意。) ”总体赞扬了西班牙的美食文化和悠闲的用餐态度，后文则开始按时间顺序详细介绍一日饮食的具体安排。D项“这是一份像西班牙人一样度过一天饮食的指南”既能总结前文引入的主题，又能自然引出下文分时间段的详细介绍，起到总领全文的作用。故选D。 【13题详解】 该空位于“双早餐”部分。后句提到“And make time mid-morning for a more substantial breakfast, perhaps involving toasted bread with tomatoes and olive oil.(并在上午中段留出时间享用一顿更丰盛的早餐，比如来一份淋上番茄和橄榄油的烤面包。)”，可见前句应描述第一顿早餐。F项“起床后先喝点咖啡，吃点像蛋糕这样的小东西”准确地描述了西班牙常见的简便晨间早餐，与后文的“更丰盛的早餐”构成了“双早餐”的完整描述，逻辑连贯。故选F。 【14题详解】 该空是第三部分的小标题。该段“Lunch, which starts at 2 pm, is the biggest meal of the day and can consist of several courses. This is when you’ll have the best opportunity to enjoy some of the classic Spanish dishes, like rice-based seafood paella, lentil soups and hearty meat stews.(午餐在下午两点开始，这是一天中最丰盛的一餐，可能包含多道菜肴。此时您能品尝到最经典的西班牙美食，例如以米饭为底的海鲜饭、扁豆汤和丰盛的炖肉。)”主要内容是午餐在下午2点开始，是一天中最丰盛的一餐，包含多道菜肴。A项“午餐吃饱”简洁有力地概括了本段核心——午餐的丰盛及其作为主餐的地位。故选A。 【15题详解】 该空位于“Afternoon snack(午后小吃)”部分。前句“Mid-afternoon is the best snacking time in Spain and the perfect excuse to try that great café you spotted the other day.(在西班牙，午后三点左右是最佳的休闲小吃时光，也是你去那家早就留意到的绝妙咖啡馆坐坐的绝佳理由。)”提到午后是吃小吃的最佳时间，后句“Coffee is a big part of the afternoon snack but is also enjoyed at breakfast and at the end of larger meals, served after dessert.(咖啡是午后小吃的重要组成部分，也同样常见于早餐时段，或是在享用大餐、甜点之后饮用。)”则强调咖啡是午后小吃的重要部分。G项“通常，人们会与朋友一起享用某种蛋糕或水果馅饼，并搭配咖啡”具体描述了午后小吃的典型内容（蛋糕/馅饼）和社交属性，完美嵌入上下文，补充了“吃什么”的细节。故选G。 【16题详解】 该空位于“Prepare to eat late(准备晚吃)”部分的开头。后文“Locals will sit down for their evening meal around 9: 30 pm. This is often a lighter meal, so you might see salads, potato omelets, fried potatoes or cured meats on the menu. Many restaurants will open their doors earlier for tourists, but making sure that you eat late at least once will allow you to fully experience eating like the Spanish.(当地人通常在晚上9点半左右才坐下来用晚餐。这顿饭通常较为清淡，所以你可能会在菜单上看到沙拉、土豆煎蛋卷、炸土豆或腌肉等菜肴。许多餐馆会为游客提前开放，但确保至少体验一次晚用餐，才能让你完整感受像西班牙人一样用餐的滋味。)”详细说明当地人约晚上9:30才用晚餐，并描述了晚餐的食物。E项“西班牙的晚餐时间比欧洲任何其他国家都晚”直接点明了本段主旨，即西班牙晚餐时间之晚是一个突出特点，能够有效引出后文的详细解释。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Patrick Mariakis an officer, got a call to rescue a dog from a frozen lake. That’s exactly what happened on Monday. When he arrived on the ____17____, he attempted to carefully walk on the frozen ground. Unluckily, he only walked about 10 feet before the ice ____18____. Luckily, the people who called the police about the dog were able to ____19____ by providing the officer with their boat. Together, they fixed it with rope to his car. This way, they could pull both the officer and the dog back to the ____20____. Patrick slowly but ____21____ made his way to the dog named Honey. But when he reached her, it took some time to get her to ____22____ a stranger. Luckily, the two of them became ____23____ friends after a few interactions. Best of all, they ____24____ it back to shore. Here, the ____25____ people greeted Honey with towels and treats until they were able to ____26____ the owner with her dog. It turned out that Honey was recently ____27____. She had only been in her new home for a few days when she ____28____ to escape from the new house. Needless to say, her owner was ____29____ to have her back. As for people calling Patrick a ____30____, he believes his co-workers would have done the same thing. “We never hesitate to ____31____ on the spot, ‘Ah, it’s not worth it.’ We’ll do our best,” he explains. 17. A. field B. station C. stage D. spot 18. A. formed B. cracked C. floated D. froze 19. A. help B. insist C. judge D. swim 20. A. city B. lake C. land D. home 21. A. simply B. surely C. barely D. aimlessly 22. A. trust B. recognize C. remember D. refuse 23. A. secret B. false C. old D. fast 24. A. switched B. returned C. made D. shipped 25. A. helpful B. particular C. clever D. polite 26. A. reunite B. hunt C. play D. part 27 A. rescued B. trained C. located D. adopted 28. A. continued B. managed C. pretended D. failed 29. A. proud B. grateful C. afraid D. unwilling 30. A. liar B. loser C. pioneer D. hero 31. A. act out B. hang out C. show up D. show off 【答案】17. D 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名警官Patrick Mariakis在接到报警后，冒险踏上结冰的湖面，并在民众协助下成功救出一只名为Honey的小狗的故事。文章还补充了小狗刚被收养的背景以及狗主人失而复得的感激之情，并体现了警官谦逊尽责的职业精神。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他到达现场时，他试图小心地在冰面上行走。A. field田野；B. station车站；C. stage舞台；D. spot地点，现场。根据前文“got a call to rescue a dog from a frozen lake(接到从冰湖救狗的电话)”可知，他是到达了事发“现场”。故选D。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他只走了大约10英尺，冰就破裂了。A. formed形成；B. cracked破裂；C. floated漂浮；D. froze冻结。根据下文“they could pull both the officer and the dog back”可知，他试图在冰上走但失败了，冰面无法承重而“破裂”最符合逻辑。故选B。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，那些因狗而报警的人能够通过向警官提供他们的船来提供帮助。A. help帮助；B. insist坚持；C. judge判断；D. swim游泳。由上文“the people who called the police”可知，报警人提供了船，这是一种“帮助”救援的方式。故选A。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样，他们就能把警官和狗都拉回岸上。A. city城市；B. lake湖；C. land陆地，岸上；D. home家。根据上文“This way, they could pull both the officer and the dog back to the”可知，救援是从湖中央（冰面）回到安全“岸上”。故选C。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Patrick缓慢但坚定地走向那只名叫Honey的狗。A. simply简单地；B. surely确定地，稳步地；C. barely几乎不；D. aimlessly漫无目的地。根据下文“made his way to the dog named Honey”和语境可知，缓慢但稳健地走向那只狗，形容他虽慢但目标明确、坚定地前进。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他接近它时，花了些时间才让它信任一个陌生人。A. trust 信任；B. recognize认出；C. remember记住；D. refuse拒绝。根据后文“Luckily, the two of them became fast friends...(幸运的是，他们很快成了朋友)”可知，起初小狗对陌生人（警官）需要建立“信任”。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，经过几次互动后，他们俩很快成了十分要好的朋友。A. secret秘密的；B. false虚假的；C. old老的；D. fast迅速的。根据前文“it took some time to get her to trust a stranger”以及“Luckily”可知，小狗和帕特里克经过互动后“快速”成为了朋友。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最棒的是，他们成功回到了岸边。A. switched切换；B. returned返回；C. made做，达成（“make it”为固定短语，意为“成功做到”）；D. shipped运送。根据下文此处指他们“成功”返回岸边。“made it back to shore”是常见表达。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这里，热心的人们用毛巾和零食迎接Honey，直到他们能让它和主人重聚。A. helpful 乐于助人的；B. particular 特别的；C. clever 聪明的；D. polite 礼貌的。根据下文“people greeted Honey with towels and treats until they were able to ____10___ the owner with her dog.”这些人提供船、用毛巾和零食照顾小狗的行为，可知他们是“热心助人的”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这里，热心的人们用毛巾和零食迎接Honey，直到他们能让它和主人重聚。A. reunite使重聚；B. hunt狩猎；C. play玩耍；D. part分离。根据下文“the owner with her dog”可知，救援的最终目的是让小狗和它的主人“重聚”。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：原来Honey最近被收养了。A. rescued救援；B. trained训练；C. located定位；D. adopted收养。根据后文“She had only been in her new home for a few days...”可知，她是刚“被收养”。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只在新家待了几天，就设法从新房子里逃了出来。A. continued继续；B. managed 设法做到（“managed to do”）；C. pretended假装；D. failed失败。根据下文“to have her back”可知，小狗成功逃脱了，因此是“设法”逃了出来。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，她的主人很感激能找回她。A. proud 骄傲的；B. grateful 感激的；C. afraid 害怕的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据前文霍尼逃出新家后遇险，最终被成功营救并送回主人身边的情节可知，主人的心情是“感激的”。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于人们称Patrick为英雄，他认为他的同事们也会做同样的事。A. liar说谎者；B. loser失败者；C. pioneer先锋；D. hero英雄。根据他冒险救狗的行为，人们称赞他为“英雄”是合理的。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说：“我们绝不会犹豫不绝是否要出现在现场，认为‘啊，这不值得’的样子。反而我们会尽最大努力。” A. act out表演出来，表现出来；B. hang out闲逛；C. show up出现；D. show off炫耀。根据下文的“on the spot”可知，出现在现场。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the early 19th century, a group of Chinese tea farmers journeyed to Brazil, carrying tea seeds with the aim of cultivating tea and sharing their farming skills. They ____32____ (choose) a spot within the current Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden as their planting site. Their efforts soon became a symbol of the deep friendship between China and Brazil, ____33____ (deep) rooted in Brazilian soil. Today, Rio de Janeiro honors these immigrants through ____34____ (vary) monuments. One of the most representative ____35____ (example) is the Vista Chinesa in Tijuca National Park, a Chinese-style tower ____36____ (build) in the early 1900s. On August 15, 2018, a plaque (匾牌) was displayed in the Rio Botanical Garden in memory of ____37____ 200th anniversary of Chinese immigration. The plaque reads: “In 1812, the first Chinese immigrants to Brazil planted tea trees here, ____38____ (mark) a lasting proof of the friendship between China and Brazil.” This event was part of the celebrations for Brazil’s first Chinese Immigration Day, ____39____ also marked the anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties in 1974. In 2022, the city established September 28, widely known ____40____ Confucius’ birthday, to honor the growing cultural exchanges between the two countries. Additionally, the Spring Festival ____41____ (recognize) as an official holiday in Rio de Janeiro State. 【答案】32. chose 33. deeply 34. various 35. examples 36. built 37. the 38. marking 39. which 40. as 41. is recognized 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍19世纪初中国茶农赴巴西种茶的历史，及中巴两国以此为基础的文化交流与友谊传承。 【32题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他们选择了如今里约热内卢植物园内的一块地方作为种植地。根据时间状语In the early 19th century可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，choose的过去式为chose。故填chose。 33题详解】 考查副词。句意：他们的努力很快成为中巴深厚友谊的象征，深深扎根于巴西的土地。此处修饰过去分词rooted，用deep的副词形式deeply，意为“深深地”。故填deeply。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如今，里约热内卢通过各种各样的纪念碑来纪念这些移民。此处修饰名词monuments，用vary的形容词形式various，意为“各种各样的”。故填various。 【35题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：最具代表性的例子之一是蒂茹卡国家公园的中国观景台，这是一座建于20世纪初的中式塔楼。此处为固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，example为可数名词，所以用examples。故填examples。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最具代表性的例子之一是蒂茹卡国家公园的中国观景台，这是一座建于20世纪初的中式塔楼。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰a Chinese-style tower，tower与build为被动关系，用过去分词built。故填built。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：2018年8月15日，里约植物园内竖起一块牌匾，纪念华人移民巴西200周年。此处后接序数词200th，用定冠词the，表特指“第200个周年纪念日”。故填the。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：牌匾上写着：“1812年，首批华人移民在巴西种下茶树，成为中巴友谊的永恒见证。”此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，前面整件事与mark为主动关系，用现在分词marking。故填marking。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：此次活动是巴西首个“华人移民日”庆祝活动的一部分，同时也纪念了1974年中巴两国建交这一历史时刻。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为this event，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：2022年，这座城市将孔子诞辰日列为纪念日，以彰显两国日益密切的文化交流。此处为固定搭配regard...as...的被动形式，意为“把……看作/列为”，用介词as。故填as。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：此外，春节被列为里约热内卢州的法定节假日。此处描述客观事实，the Spring Festival与recognize为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为is recognized。故填is recognized。 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据汉语，结合语境拼写出单词的正确形式，每空一词。 42. __________(失败) is the mother of success. 【答案】Failure 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。名词failure(失败)，这是一个抽象名词，做主语的时候谓语动词用单数形式。句意：失败是成功之母。故填Failure。 43. He translated this article ________ (按照字面意思). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】literally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：他按照字面意思翻译了这篇文章。设空处修饰动词translated，需要用副词形式。根据汉语提示，表示“按照字面意思”用literally。故填literally。 44. Many green trees ________ (包围，环绕) our school. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】surround 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：许多绿树环绕着我们的学校。根据汉语提示“包围，环绕”可知，此处为动词surround，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Many green trees为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填surround。 45. This machine is the ________ (祖先) of the modern computer. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】ancestor 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这台机器是现代计算机的祖先。根据汉语提示可知，表示“祖先”应填名词ancestor，作表语，此处为特指“现代计算机的祖先”应用单数形式。故填ancestor。 46. My mother’s voice on the phone was very ________ (温和的，温柔的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】gentle 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：电话里我妈妈的声音非常温柔。根据汉语提示“温和的，温柔的”可知，此处为形容词gentle，在句中作表语，用来描述主语voice的特征。故填gentle。 47. I ________ (罕有地，少有地) eat fast food because I prefer healthy meals. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】rarely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我很少吃快餐，因为我更偏爱健康的饮食。“罕有地，少有地”为副词rarely作状语，修饰动词eat。故填rarely。 48. We are going to hold a meeting to ________ (选举，推选) a new leader. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】elect 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们将召开会议，选举新任领导。“选举，推选”为动词elect，由不定式符号to可知，应用动词原形。故填elect。 49. Typhoon is a natural ________ (灾祸，灾难) that can cause significant damages. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】disaster 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：台风是一种自然灾害，可能会造成严重的破坏。根据汉语提示可知用名词disaster，作表语，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处为名词单数。故填disaster。 50. The painting is an ________ (抽象的) one because it doesn’t have a specific image. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】abstract 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这幅画是一幅抽象画，因为它没有具体的形象。设空处需填入一个形容词来修饰名词painting，根据汉语提示“抽象的”可知应填abstract。故填abstract。 51. When Mr Zhang taught, he would ________ (分配，分派) a topic to us that we would write about. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】assign 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：张老师教书的时候，会给我们分配一个话题让我们写作。根据汉语提示“分配，分派”可知，此处为动词assign，情态动词would后接动词原形。故填assign。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 52. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter想了解你的校园生活，请给你给他写一封邮件，分享你最近参加的一次校园劳动。内容包括： 1.劳动过程; 2.劳动感受。 注意：词数80左右。 Dear Peter, I am writing to share a recent school labour with you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I am writing to share a recent school labour with you. Last Friday, our school organized us to go to library to do a thorough cleaning. As planned, we first put piles of books in order. Subsequently, we dusted the desks and chairs. Finally, worn-out though we were, we engaged ourselves in the most challenging job — mopping the floor. After two hours of tidying, we all got a sense of pleasure when we saw a tidy and clean library. I think experiencing the process of labour was rewarding and educational. Not only did I feel the satisfaction of labour, but sensed the invaluable joy brought by labor. I hope to hear from you soon! Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Peter写信分享一次学校劳动经历，并表达自己的感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 组织：organize→arrange 计划：plan→schedule 最终：finally→ultimately/eventually 乐趣：joy→delight 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last Friday, our school organized us to go to library to do a thorough cleaning.  拓展句：Last Friday, our school organized a cleaning activity，which was to clean the library thoroughly. 【点睛】【高分句型1】After two hours of tidying, we all got a sense of pleasure when we saw a tidy and clean library.（运用了when引导时间状语从句的结构） 【高分句型2】Not only did I feel the satisfaction of labour, but sensed the invaluable joy brought by labor.（运用了部分倒装的结构） 第二节(满分25分) 53. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jack Thomas, a 65-year-old retired man, stood by the living room window, staring at the outside on a beautiful sunny day. He glanced around his yard and realized it had been a long time since he last cleaned it. Hoping to ease his boredom, he started cleaning but quickly got tired and sat down on the stairs. “This will take a while,” he thought sadly as he looked around. A few minutes later, Jack’s attention was drawn to the dustbin in their area, and he noticed that the trash bags were left outside instead of inside the bin. Jack stopped right in front of the bin and began clearing the trash, putting the bags inside the bin. When he was done, he noticed that nearly every house in the area had left its trash bags out in the open. Jack knew it would be difficult to clean up the trash in front of all the houses in the burning heat, but he couldn’t just see his neighborhood like that. He took a trolley (手推车) from his backyard and decided to move from one house to the next, clearing up the litter dropped in front. At first, he stopped outside the house across from his and put its garbage bags into his trolley. But he hadn’t even left when a middle-aged man came out with a garbage bag and simply dropped it on the road. To make matters worse, he didn’t even secure the bag properly, so the wind blew part of the trash onto the street. At that point, Jack lost his cool and said, “Pardon me, sir, but that is not the proper method of getting rid of garbage! You littered the street again after I just attempted to clean it, sir!” The man said that it was none of his business. Before Jack could say anything more, the man returned to his house and closed the door. Jack sighed and shook his head. He cleaned up the trash across the road, put it back into the trash bag, loaded it into his trolley, and moved on. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150词左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 He was busy cleaning the rest of the houses when he noticed a young boy. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking at him with great shame, the boy said in low voice, “I’m Stephen. I just want to say sorry for my dad.” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: He was busy cleaning the rest of the houses when he noticed a young boy. He found that the boy was cleaning up the trash just like him. He pushed a trolley too. He picked up the trash on the ground and then put it into his trolley just like Jack. Curious, Jack approached him to find out why he was cleaning up the trash like him. “Hello, young man. Thank you for cleaning the streets. Why are you here in the such a hot day?” Looking at him with great shame, the boy said in low voice, “I’m Stephen. I just want to say sorry for my dad.” He continued to say he had seen what his dad had done. Jack told Stephen not to feel bad about it and expressed his gratitude to the boy. Together, they went to each house to clear up the garbage. Later, when Stephen’s father saw them working together, he realized how wrong he had been. He visited Jack that afternoon and apologized for his behavior. From that day on, Jack’s neighborhood became cleaner and cleaner. 【解析】 【导语】本文以杰克清理社区垃圾的经历为线索，讲述了65岁退休老人杰克为缓解无聊清理自家院子，发现社区垃圾桶外堆放着垃圾，便决定用手推车挨家挨户清理。过程中，一位中年男子随意丢弃垃圾还态度恶劣，杰克无奈清理后继续前行的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容 “他正忙着清理剩下住户的垃圾，这时注意到一个小男孩。” 可知，第一段可描写杰克发现小男孩也推着小手推车清理垃圾，心生好奇上前询问，感谢男孩的帮助并询问他大热天清理垃圾的原因。 ②由第二段首句内容 “男孩羞愧地看着他，低声说：‘我是斯蒂芬。我只是想为我爸爸道歉。’” 可知，第二段可描写斯蒂芬说明看到了父亲的不当行为，杰克安慰他并感谢他的帮助，两人一同清理垃圾，斯蒂芬的父亲看到后醒悟，主动向杰克道歉，之后小区变得越来越干净。 2. 续写线索：发现小男孩一同清理垃圾——上前询问缘由——男孩道歉说明是替父致歉——两人携手清理——男孩父亲醒悟道歉——社区环境改善 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①清理：clean up/clear up ②表达：express/convey ③发现：find/spot 情绪类 ①好奇：curious/inquisitive ②感激：gratitude/appreciation/thankfulness 【点睛】[高分句型1] He continued to say he had seen what his dad had done.（运用了省略that的宾语从句和what引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2] Later, when Stephen’s father saw them working together, he realized how wrong he had been.（运用了when引导时间状语从句和how引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $