Unit1 Past and present Grammar 课件-2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

该初中英语课件围绕现在完成时展开，以深圳发展案例导入，从"深圳从渔村变为科技城"等真实句子切入，逐步讲解结构"sb.+have/has+done"、三大用法（延续到现在的动作、过去动作对现在的影响、动作发生次数），结合否定句、疑问句规则及过去分词变化，通过实例分析与分层练习搭建学习支架。 其亮点在于融合文化意识与思维品质，以深圳发展体现中国成就，引导学生通过例句自主总结"have/has"使用规则，培养逻辑思维；采用情境化练习（家庭生活、人物采访）提升语言运用能力。教师可借助系统的规则归纳与对比辨析（现在完成时vs一般过去时），帮助学生高效掌握语法，同时增强跨文化理解与自主学习能力。

Grammar 1.Shenzhen has developed from a fishing village to a top high-tech city. 2.Shenzhen has attracted workers from across the world. 4.Moreover, the city has won an award from UNESCO for being a role model in encouraging reading among the public. 5.Since the late 1970s, Shenzhen has developed at an amazing speed and has become a symbol of China's development. Revision 3.It has risen to become an important centre for technology industries in the world and is home to many tech giants. What do you know about Shenzhen? pay attention to the structure of the sentences. + done sb. + have/has Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时 Using the Present Perfect Tense 1. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present. She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born . She learnd English 5 years ago. simple past tense Using the Present Perfect Tense 2. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the present. Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) Using the Present Perfect Tense 3. We also use the present perfect tense to talk about how many times an action has happened till now. I have already visited Mr Chen’s neighbourhood several times. I have been to the Great Wall three times. 现在完成时经常与“since、already、just、yet、ever、recently、for+一段时间”连用 Work out the rule! He has just gone home. She has already had a holiday this year. It has broken! I have seen my new English teacher. They have bought a new car. You have finished the exercise. We have seen this film before. ◆We use “have + done” with pronouns like _____, _____, _____ and _____. ◆We use “has + done” with pronouns like _____, _____ and _____. I they you we he she it Work out the rule! I haven’t/have not done my homework yet. You haven’t/have not answered my question. We haven’t/have not worked on a farm. They haven’t/have not seen each other for ages. He hasn’t/has not been home for five years. She hasn’t/has not found a new job. It hasn’t/has not finished yet. ◆ Present perfect tense—Negative sentences haven’t/have not hasn’t/has not + done sb. + Practice 1.I have seen my new English teacher. 将下列句子变为否定句。 I have not seen my new English teacher. 2.They have bought a new car. They have not/haven`t bought a new car. 3.She has already had a holiday this year. She has not/hasn`t had a holiday this year yet. ◆ Present perfect tense—Yes/No questions Have/Has + done ... ? + sb. Have I ever done it before? Have you practised the piano recently? Have we done it right? Have they gone home yet? Has he worked here long? Has she already sent the fax? Has it worked properly? Work out the rule! Practice 1.I have seen my new English teacher. 将下列句子变为一般疑问句。 Have you seen your new English teacher? 2.They have bought a new car. Have they bought a new car? 3.She has already had a holiday this year. Has she had a holiday this year yet? We form the past particles of regular verbs by adding –ed, just as what we do to form the simple past tense of these verbs. Most verbs +ed finish--finished Verbs ending in -e +d change-changed Verbs ending in a consonant+y -y+ied carry—carried Short verbs ending in a vowel+ a consonant double the consonant+ed stop--stopped (1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked (2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 　 live---lived---lived (3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将“y” 变为 “i”，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先 双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 drop---dropped--dropped 过去分词的变化规则 规则变化 13 We form the past participles of irregular verbs differently. Here are some examples. No change come—come hurt--hurt Change the vowel hold—held win—won Change the consonant lend—lent build--built Change the vowel(s) and the consonant(s) catch—caught keep—kept forget-forgotten tell--told others be—been have—had fall—fallen fly—flown draw—drawn see--seen 1.borrow__________ 2.hope ________ 3.make_________ 4.get __________ 5. plan ________ 6.cry _________ 7. send __________ 8.say _________ 9. grow ________ 10.hit __________ 11.watch_________ 12. enjoy________ Practice Mr Wu wants the students to practise using the present perfect tense.Help them write the past participles of the verbs below. borrowed hoped made got planned cried sent said grown hit watched enjoyed ●Sunshine Town (1)___________(change) a lot over the years. ●The government (2)______just_________(turn) part of the town centre into a new park. ●Recently, the air in our town (3)___________(improve) a lot. ●Some people in the countryside (4)______already_______(move) to new buildings. ●Last year, the government (5)__________(build)an art museum. I(6)_______________(not visit)the museum yet. Milie is writing about the changes in Sunshine Town. Complete her notes with thecorrect forms ofthe verbs in brackets. Practice has changed has turned has improved have moved built haven`t visited Millie is writing about her family life. Complete her sentences with the correct formsthe verbs in the box. Practice buy visit find leave go return work ●My father (1)________a job as an engineer in a company after he finished college. He (2)__________at the company for over 17 years up to now. ●My mum (3)_____ her hometown at the age of 18, but she often returns to visit my grandparents. Last week she(4)_________ back to see them and (5)______not________yet. ●My family (6)________a car last year.Since then, we(7)__________ many beautiful places in this car. found has worked left went has returned bought have visited Reporter: Hello Andrew. You (1)___________(live)in Shenzhen for ten years. Do you like living here? Andrew: Yes, very much. I(2)________(be) to many cities around the world, but Shenzhen is my favourite. You could say I (3)________(fall) in love with Shenzhen-it feels like home. Reporter: In fact, there (4)________(be) lots of changes in the past few years. (5)________you________(notice) any of these while you've been here? Andrew: Well, transport has changed a lot. There (6)________(be)more underground lines now, I take the underground most days. It's very easy to get around the city. Reporter: Yes, it is. Thank you for speaking to me. I (7)________(enjoy)hearing your thoughts about our city. Millie is watching a reporter interviewing a foreigner who has lived in Shenzhen for a few years. Help her fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Practice have lived have been have fallen have been Have noticed are have enjoyed 现在完成时 一般现在时 ●定义不同。 现在完成时:1.表示过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并可能继续下去的动作或状态；2.表示在过去某一时间已经完成但对现在仍有影响的动作；3.表示过去发生的动作到现在发生的次数。 一般现在时：表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的动作或状态。 VS ●基本结构不同。 现在完成时: 主语+have/has+过去分词。 一般现在时：主语+动词原形（第三人称单数加-s/-es） 现在完成时 一般现在时 VS ●时间状语不同。 现在完成时表示过去的动作(或状态)对现在产生的影响和结果.常与ever， never，before ,twice, already ,just, yet, so farsince, for , up to now, in past years等，皆不确定或模糊的时间状语连用。 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与yesterday、yesterday afternoon、the day before yesterday 、 last year、just now、in 1965、a moment ago等表示过去的具体的时间状语连用 1. Review the present perfect tense. 2. Remember the past participles of the irregular verbs on P13. Homework $