期末Unit 5语法：后缀 -y（讲解+专项练习）2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

后缀 -y 讲解+专项练习 一、后缀 -y 的核心用法 （一）构词规则 后缀-y主要加在名词后转化为形容词，分两种情况： 1. 直接加 -y：多数名词无需变形，直接加*-y*。 例：rain（雨）→ rainy（下雨的）、sun（太阳）→ sunny（晴朗的）、luck（运气）→ lucky（幸运的） 2. 特殊拼写变化： · 以e结尾的名词，去e加*-y*：smoke（烟）→ smoky（烟雾弥漫的）、ice（冰）→ icy（冰冷的） · 重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的名词，双写辅音字母加*-y*：fog（雾）→ foggy（有雾的） · 以sh/ch/wood等结尾的名词，直接加*-y*：wood（木头）→ woody（木质的） （二）语义特征 加-y的形容词语义主要有三种倾向： 1. 充满……的、覆盖着……的：wind（风）→ windy（有风的）、salt（盐）→ salty（咸的） 2. 具有……性质的、似……的：health（健康）→ healthy（健康的）、sleep（睡眠）→ sleepy（困倦的） 3. 有点……的、略带……的：fun（乐趣）→ funny（有趣的）、dream（梦想）→ dreamy（梦幻的） （三）常见例词与例句 名词 形容词（-y） 例句 rain rainy It’s a rainy day today. sun sunny We visited the West Lake on a sunny day. luck lucky It’s my lucky day to get a new job. wind windy It’s very windy near the sea. salt salty The dish is too salty for children. （四）核心注意事项 1. 部分加-y的词可作形容词或副词，需结合语境判断，如daily（形容词：日常的；副词：每天）。 2. -y与-ful/-less语义不同，如windy（有风的）≠windful（无此词）、lucky（幸运的）/luckless（不幸的）。 专项练习题 （一）基础题：用所给名词的*-y*形式填空 1. It will be a _______ (wind) day tomorrow. We can fly kites in the park. 2. My grandma cooked a bowl of _______ (salt) soup for me. It tastes good. 3. Don’t go out without a coat. It’s _______ (ice) outside and you may fall down. 4. We had a great time on that _______ (sun) morning. We played games on the beach. 5. He is so _______ (luck) to get the last ticket to the concert. 6. After the heavy rain, the room became _______ (smoke) because of the wet firewood. 7. A _______ (health) eating habit can help us keep fit. 8. She feels _______ (sleep) in class because she stayed up late last night. 9. The old man lives in a _______ (wood) house in the mountains. 10. The Leaning Tower of Pisa looks _______ (dream) in the photos. （二）提升题：按要求完成句子 1. The weather is full of fog today. (改为同义句，用-y形容词) 2. The food has a lot of sugar. (改为同义句，用-y形容词) 3. It often snows in this city in winter. (用-y形容词改写句子) 4. The boy has a lot of fun. (改为同义句，用-y形容词) 5. The road is covered with mud. (改为同义句，用-y形容词) （三）拓展题：选词填空（用方框内单词的-y形式） 方框词：honey, noise, snow, cloud, mud 1. The classroom was very _______ because the students were talking loudly. 2. We can’t see the sun clearly today. It’s a _______ day. 3. After the rain, the path is too _______ to walk on. 4. The cake is made of milk and _______. It tastes sweet. 5. The children are excited because it’s a _______ day and they can make a snowman. （四）造句题：用所给单词的-y形式各造一个句子 1. sun → sunny 2. rain → rainy 3. luck → lucky 4. health → healthy 5. wind → windy 三、练习题参考答案 （一）基础题 1. windy 2. salty 3. icy 4. sunny 5. lucky 6. smoky 7. healthy 8. sleepy 9. woody 10. dreamy （二）提升题 1. It is a foggy day today. 2. The food is sugary. 3. This city has many snowy days in winter. 4. The boy is funny. 5. The road is muddy. （三）拓展题 1. noisy 2. cloudy 3. muddy 4. honeyed 5. snowy （四）造句题（示例） 1. We often go for a walk on sunny days. 2. Take an umbrella with you. It’s a rainy day. 3. I am lucky to pass the English test. 4. We should eat more healthy food every day. 5. It’s windy outside. Don’t open the window. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $