UNIT 4 Section Ⅲ-（配套练习）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 限制性定语从句（1） 　　The people of Tangshan suffered a lot from the Tangshan earthquake.But they are the people who① are full of courage and determination.Soon after the earthquake， they rebuilt the houses which② were completely destroyed and repaired the schools whose③ classrooms were greatly damaged.Soon， the students whom④ we once worried about were sitting in the new classrooms again.The roads that⑤ were damaged were also under repair.Now a new Tangshan witnessing the strength and unity of its people is standing on the earthquake ruins. ①who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，并在句中作主语； ②which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词houses，并在句中作主语； ③whose引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词schools，并在句中作定语； ④whom引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students，并在句中作宾语； ⑤that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词roads，并在句中作主语。 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观 1.限制性定语从句的关系代词 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句）There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. ②（教材典句）Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. ③（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）I will be adding more herbs which I can use in the kitchen. ④（教材典句）Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. ⑤（教材典句）Soon after the quakes， the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 【会发现】 以上定语从句由关系代词that、 who、 which、 whose引导，修饰　　　　　　，置于被修饰词的后面。 关系代词which、 that、 who在定语从句中可以作　　　　　　；关系代词whose在定语从句中作　　　　　　。 【善归纳】 ①that引导的定语从句，that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用who/whom替代，指物多用which替代。 ②who引导的定语从句，who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。whom引导的定语从句，whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。 ③which引导的定语从句，which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。 ④whose引导的定语从句，whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示所属关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。 【注意事项】 ①关系代词作宾语通常可以省略。 He will never forget the disaster （which/that） he experienced. 他永远不会忘记他所经历的那场灾难。 ②关系代词whom常可用who/that来代替，但如果在介词后则不能代替。 The survivor who/that/whom we rescued from the flood was very thankful. 我们从洪水中救出的幸存者非常感激。 The young man to whom you spoke just now is my brother. 刚才和你说话的那个年轻人是我哥哥。 【运用练】　用适当的关系代词填空 ①The rescue workers 　　　　　　　were burying the dead animals felt very shocked. ②The bricks 　　　　　　we dug out will be reused when we build a house. ③There are many people with 　　　　　you can share your feelings. ④The children 　　　　　　had been trapped in the house have been rescued. ⑤Any student 　　　　　　family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government. 2.关系代词只能用that而不能用which的情况 【先感悟】 ①The only thing that I could do is to study for my goal. ②This is the most delicious food that I have ever had. ③Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said？ ④All the efforts that I made to improve my English paid off. ⑤The first thing that should be done is to call the police at once. ⑥We often talk about the persons and things that we remember. 【会发现】 句①中先行词被　　　　　　　修饰，定语从句用that引导。 句②⑤中先行词被　　　　　　　和　　　　　　　修饰，定语从句用that引导。 句③④中先行词是　　　　　　　或者被不定代词修饰，定语从句用that引导。 句⑥中先行词　　　　　　　　　，定语从句用that引导。 【善归纳】 ①当先行词为all、everything、nothing、anything、little、much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。 ②当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 ③当先行词被the only、the very、the last修饰时。 ④当先行词既指人、又指物时。 ⑤当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。 ⑥当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 【注意事项】 ①当先行词是指人的one、 ones、 those、 anyone、 he、 they时，定语从句多用who引导。 He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。 Those who make every effort to succeed will be repaid. 那些为成功而努力的人将会得到回报。 ②关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。 Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 任何违法的人都应该受到惩罚。 The soldiers who are fighting for our country are worth our respect. 为祖国而战的士兵值得我们尊敬。 Those who keep a balanced diet are often in good health. 那些保持均衡饮食的人往往身体健康。 ③如果先行词是“one of＋复数名词”，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要用复数形式；如果先行词是“the only one of＋复数名词”，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 He is the only one of the survivors who was rescued from the tsunami. 他是唯一一个从海啸中获救的幸存者。 He is one of the survivors who were rescued from the tsunami. 他是从海啸中获救的幸存者之一。 ④关系代词在从句中作成分，因此从句中不能再出现成分重复现象。 [误]The film （that/which） we saw it last night was very frightening. [正]The film （that/which） we saw last night was very frightening. 【运用练】　 ①This is the most shocking news 　　　　I have heard of. ②This is the only shelter 　　　　　　I have found in the open air. ③All 　　　　　　he wanted was to rescue his daughter from the burning house. ④The hunter and his dog 　　　　　　got injured in the volcanic eruption suffered a lot. ⑤When a fire breaks out， the first thing 　　　　　　you should do is to cut off electricity. Ⅰ.用定语从句合并句子 1.I live next door to a couple.The couple’s children often make a lot of noise. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.The old temple is being rebuilt.The temple’s roof was damaged in a rainstorm. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3.The CCTV reporter is interviewing a lady.The lady survived the flood. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 4.The female volunteer will remember the soldier.The female volunteer worked with the soldier during the earthquake. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5.The woman was affected with a serious disease.The woman was breathing with difficulty. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅱ.语法与写作 1.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）I was the only winner 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　. 我是唯一一个母语不是英语的获奖者。 2.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）No editor is likely to tolerate a writer 　　　　　　　　　　to spell words correctly. 没有哪个编辑会容忍一个不愿花心思拼写正确单词的作家。 3.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）After a heated discussion 　　　　　　　　　　　， Gunter put his phone down and started the car. 激烈的讨论似乎持续了一个世纪，冈特放下手机，启动了汽车。 4.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Those 　　　　　　　　　　　will be refused permission to participate. 着装不得体者将被拒绝参加。 1.supply n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品 vt.供应；供给 教材原句　The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.向灾区提供的补给品是从全国各地收集来的。 【用法】 （1）a good/large supply of　大量的/充足的供应 in short supply 供应不足 把某物提供给某人/ 某物 【佳句】　It is believed that there is a good supply of fresh water. 人们一般认为淡水供应很充足。 【联想】　表示“为某人提供某物”的其他短语： provide sb with sth＝provide sth for sb offer sb sth＝offer sth to sb 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The natural resources， such as coal and oil， are 　　　　　short supply in this country. ②At the beginning of the term， students 　　　　　（supply） with all kinds of books to read. 【写美】　一句多译 ③在可怕的地震之后，我们给无家可归的人提供了食物和衣服。 →After the terrible earthquake， we 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. →After the terrible earthquake， we 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 教材原句　Go to an open space away from buildings， trees， or power lines. 走到远离建筑物、树木或电线的开阔地带。 【用法】 （1）have the power to do sth有能力做某事 come to power 上台；执政 be in power 执政；掌权 beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力 （2）powerful adj. 强有力的；有影响力的 powerless adj. 无力的，无权力的 【佳句】　Being a powerful person， he has the power to deal with all kinds of problems. 作为一个有影响力的人，他有能力处理各种各样的问题。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①He has been 　　　　　　power for two years since he came to this power plant. ②I’m sorry， I have no power 　　　　　　（deal） with your personal problems. 【写美】　完成句子 ③As your closest friend， I will do everything 　　　　　　　　　　　. 作为你最亲密的朋友，我会在权限范围内帮助你。 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 4　Section Ⅲ 5 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 【重难语法·要攻克】 1.会发现　名词或代词　主语或宾语　定语 运用练　①who/that　②that/which　③whom ④who/that　⑤whose 2.会发现　The only　形容词最高级　序数词 不定代词　既有人又有物 运用练　①that　②that　③that　④that　⑤that 【随堂检测·要过关】 Ⅰ.1.I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise. 2.The old temple whose roof was damaged in a rainstorm is being rebuilt. 3.The CCTV reporter is interviewing a lady who/that survived the flood. 4.The female volunteer will remember the soldier whom she worked with during the earthquake. 5.The woman who was breathing with difficulty was affected with a serious disease. Ⅱ.1.whose native language wasn’t English 2.who/that does not take the trouble 3.which/that lasted for what seemed like a century 4.who are dressed inappropriately 【知识要点·须拾遗】 1.①in　②are supplied　③supplied food and clothes to the homeless； supplied the homeless with food and clothes 2.①in　②to deal　③within my power to help you 5 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $