UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ-(配套练习)【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册(人教版)
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内容正文:
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
Pre-reading
Look at the picture and the title, then answer the following question.
What does “the Earth didn’t sleep” mean?
While-reading
第一步:析架构理清脉络
1.Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para. 1 A.The revival of the city.
Para. 2 B.Warning signs before the earthquake.
Para. 3 C.The immediate effects of the earthquake.
Para. 4 D.The happening of the big earthquake.
Para. 5 E.The rescue work.
2.What’s the main idea of the passage?
第二步:知细节明察秋毫
1.What might be a sign of an earthquake?( )
A.Pigs get ill.
B.Dogs run after a rat.
C.Fish jumps out of water.
D.The rubbish smells terrible.
2.Why is Beijing mentioned in the text?( )
A.To show Tangshan’s location.
B.To show the care of Beijingers.
C.To show its important position.
D.To show the power of the earthquake.
3.What does the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.” mean?( )
A.The animals began to breathe.
B.The city returned to normal gradually.
C.People who were trapped came to life.
D.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.
4.What is the type of this text?( )
A.A brochure. B.A diary.
C.A novel. D.A literary journalism.
5.How did the people’s feelings change?( )
A.calm→shocked→hopeless→proud
B.proud→surprised→angry→anxious
C.surprised→annoyed→confident→curious
D.frightened→anxious→excited→confident
第三步:辨难句拆分解读
1.Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
句式分析
自主翻译
2.Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
句式分析
自主翻译
3.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
句式分析
自主翻译
Post-reading
第一步:抒己见提升思维
What should we do in the face of an earthquake?
第二步:课文语法填空
Several days before 28 July 1976, many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells rose and fell.Deep cracks appeared in the well walls, and even 1. (smell) gas was coming out of one well.Some animals also had some unusual behaviour.But people in the city, 2. were asleep as usual that night, didn’t think much of these.
At 3:42 a.m., one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century broke out.It destroyed the city and even caused damage in Beijing.In less than one minute, Tangshan 3. (lie) in ruins.The number of people who were killed or 4. (terrible) injured in the quake 5. (be) more than 400,000.Later that afternoon, another big quake struck Tangshan again.More buildings fell down.Water, food, and electricity were hard 6. (get).
But all the hope wasn’t lost.Soon after the quakes, teams were organised to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.Many more people, 7. (include) workers and doctors, came to provide help.Through all the efforts, the city began to breathe again.
Today, 8. new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins, which has proved 9. the entire world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the 10. (wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
Strange things were happening in the countryside① of northeastern Hebei.For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.There were deep cracks②[1] that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly gas③ [2]coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to④ eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of⑤ the fields [3]looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual⑥ that night.
[1]此处是由关系代词that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词cracks,that在从句中作主语,不能省略。
[2]此处是动词-ing短语作后置定语,修饰gas。
[3]此处是动词-ing短语作伴随状语。
At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake.It seemed as if⑦ the world were coming to an end⑧ ! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly⑨ earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage⑩ more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across⑪ houses, roads, and waterways⑫.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than⑬ one minute, a large city lay in ruins⑭.Two thirds of the people [4]who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of⑮ children were left⑯ without parents.The number of⑰ people [5]who were killed or badly⑱ injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
[4][5]两句都是由关系代词who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词people, who在从句中作主语。
[6]Everywhere survivors⑲ looked, there was nothing but⑳ ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent㉑ of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gon.Bricks㉓ covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them awa.Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway tracks㉕ were now useless pieces of metal㉖.Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were in shock㉗ — and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down.Water, food, and electricity㉘ were hard to get.People began to wonder [7]how long the disaster would last.
[6]此处是由从属连词Everywhere引导的地点状语从句。
[7]此处是由how long引导的宾语从句。
But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out㉙ those who were trappe and to bury㉛ the dea.More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical car.Workers built shelters for survivors [8]whose homes had been destroyed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane.Slowly, the city began to breathe㉞ again.
[8]此处是由关系代词whose引导的定语从句,修饰先行词survivors,whose在从句中作定语修饰homes。
Tangshan started to revive㉟ itself and get back up on its feet㊱.With strong support㊲ from the government and the tireless efforts㊳ of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of㊴ disaster, people must unify㊵ and show the wisdom㊶ to stay positive㊷ and rebuild for a brighter future.
①in the countryside 在农村
②crack n.裂纹;裂缝
vi.& vt.(使)破裂
③gas n.气体;燃气;汽油
④too ...to ...太……而不能……
⑤run out of 从……跑出来;用光
⑥as usual 像往常一样
than usual 比往常……
⑦as if 似乎;好像;仿佛
⑧come to an end 结束
put sth to an end 终止/结束某事
⑨deadly adj.致命的;死一般的
⑩cause damage 造成损失/损害
⑪cut across 横穿;抄近路穿过
⑫waterway n.水路;航道
⑬less than 少于
more than 多于;不仅仅是;非常
⑭ruin n.& vt.破坏;毁坏
in ruins严重受损;破败不堪
⑮thousands of 成千上万的
hundreds of thousands of 数十万的
⑯be left 使处于……状态
⑰the number of ……的数量
⑱badly adv.非常;严重地
⑲survivor n.幸存者;生还者
survival n.幸存
⑳nothing but 只有;只;仅仅
㉑percent n.百分之……
adj.& adv.每一百中
㉒gone adj.不复存在的;一去不复返的
㉓brick n.砖;砖块
㉔blow away 刮走;吹走
㉕track n.轨道;跑道
keep track of 了解;与……保持联系
lose track of失去联系
㉖metal n.金属
形近词:medal/mental
㉗shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊
in shock 震惊;吃惊
㉘electricity n.电;电能
㉙dig out 挖出;挖掘
㉚trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套
n.险境;陷阱
㉛bury vt.埋葬;安葬
㉜the dead 死者;逝者
the living 活着的人
㉝medical care 医疗护理
㉞breathe vi.& vt.呼吸
㉟revive vt.& vi.复活;(使)苏醒
㊱on one’s feet 恢复健康;站立着
㊲support n.支持
㊳effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
㊴in times of 在……时期
㊵unify vi.& vt.统一;(使)成一体
㊶wisdom n.智慧;才智
㊷positive adj.积极的;肯定的;乐观的
stay positive 保持乐观
地球的不眠之夜
河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连。一连几天,村里的井水升升降降,起起伏伏。井壁上出现深深的裂缝,至少有一口水井冒出臭气。鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,不愿进食;狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外,寻找藏身之所;鱼儿也跳出水面。1976年7月28日凌晨3:00左右,唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光,接着又传出巨大的声响。然而,那天晚上城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡在梦乡。
凌晨3:42,万物开始摇晃,仿佛世界末日即将来临!在城市正下方的11千米处,20世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震爆发了,远在150多千米以外的北京都受到这场地震的破坏,全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感!一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路;坚硬的石山变成了泥石流。在不到一分钟的时间里,一座大城市沦为废墟。城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤,数以千计的孩子失去了父母。在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。
幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟,万物尽毁。市内大约75%的工厂和大楼,90%的住所和所有的医院都倒塌了。砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面,但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁不是坍塌了,就是无法安全通行了;铁轨变成了废金属块;数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。沙子灌满水井,井水消失殆尽。人们惊恐万状,接着临近傍晚时分,又一场强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了,水、食物和电很难获得。人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。
然而,希望尚存。地震发生后不久,部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山,将受困群众从废墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。上万名医疗工作者赶到现场,救死扶伤。工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起避难所,数十万的群众获得了帮助,火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地,这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力,一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。这座新的城市已经成为700多万人的家园,交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大的改善。唐山向中国、向世界证明,在自然灾害中,人们必须勠力同心,保持积极乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。
Ⅰ.词块默写
1. 起起伏伏
2. 寻找藏身之所
3. 像往常一样
4. 最严重的地震之一
5. 三分之二的人
6. 在不到一分钟内
7. 提供医疗护理
8. 重新站起来
9. 在灾难发生时
10. 保持乐观
Ⅱ.课文原句默写
1.鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,不愿进食。
2.仿佛世界末日即将来临。
3.人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。
提示:完成课后作业 UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ (1)
核心词汇集释
1.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊
教材原句 People were in shock — and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.人们惊恐万状,接着临近傍晚时分,又一场强烈的地震撼动唐山。
【用法】
(1)a great shock to sb 对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊;吃惊
(much) to one’s shock
令某人(非常)震惊的是
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的;惊讶的
be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 对做某事感到震惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
【佳句】 Shocked at that frightening scene, I froze with fear, standing rooted to the spot.
看到这可怕的场面,我吓呆了,站在原地一动不动。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Jane was shocked (find) that she was feeling culture shock.
②When he came to himself, he looked at us shock, looking puzzled.
③ by my movement, she stepped back, which was really .(shock)
【写美】 完成句子
④Looking at his facial expression, I realized .
看着他的面部表情,我意识到这个消息让他震惊了。
2.trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套 n.险境;陷阱
教材原句 Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震发生后不久,部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山,将受困群众从废墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。
【用法】
(1)be trapped in 困在……中;陷在……中
trap sb into (doing) sth 诱使某人(做)某事
(2)set a trap for 给……设圈套
fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱
【佳句】 Robinson was trapped on a lonely island but with a strong will, he managed to survive.
鲁滨逊被困在孤岛上,但是靠着坚强的意志他成功地活了下来。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①In the end, the police trapped the thief telling the truth.
②The rescue team (trap) in the burning building.
【写美】
③ , he was so helpless that tears clouded his eyes. (情感描写)
被困在山洞里,他十分无助,泪水模糊了他的眼睛。
3.bury vt.埋葬;安葬;掩埋;使沉浸;使专心
【用法】
(1)be buried under/in ...被埋在……
bury one’s face/head in one’s hands 双手掩面/捂头
(2) 埋头于/专心于……
【佳句】 She buried her face in her hands and cried when she heard the bad news.
=She cried with her face buried in her hands when she heard the bad news. (动作描写)
当听到那个坏消息时,她掩面而泣。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It is said that listening to music can help unlock (bury) memories.
②Nowadays family members are often found (bury) in their own smartphones.
【写美】 一句多译
③玛丽埋头于她的毕业论文,没有时间进行锻炼。
→ her graduation paper, Mary has no time to work out.
→ her graduation paper, Mary has no time to work out.
4.effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
教材原句 With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力,一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。
【用法】
without/with effort 不费力地/费力地
make an/every effort to do sth 努力做某事
in an effort to do sth 试图要做某事
spare no effort(s) (to do sth) 不遗余力(做某事)
【佳句】 With our joint efforts, I firmly believe that we are sure to make the world a better place.
在我们共同的努力下,我坚信我们一定会让世界变得更美好。
【练透】 单句语法填空
① an effort to protect the environment, they plan to take immediate action.
【写美】 完成句子
②I will to help those students who are in trouble.
我将不遗余力地去帮助那些处在困境中的学生们。
③ to see friends regularly and check in with them between meet-ups. (建议信)
努力定期与朋友见面,并在见面间隙与他们联系。
5.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
教材原句 Some were found alive, though they were suffering from terrible injuries ...
一些人被发现还活着,尽管他们受了重伤……
【用法】
(1)suffer from ... 患……病;因……而受苦
(2)suffer losses/pains 遭受损失/痛苦
(3)suffering n. 苦难,痛苦
sufferer n. 受难者
【佳句】 It’s common knowledge that as we get older, we suffer from loss of memory.
众所周知,随着年龄的增长,我们会遭受记忆力减退的困扰。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①A lot of money has been collected to help those (suffer) from the floods.
②The survivor never talked about his (suffer) in the disaster.
【写美】 完成句子
③It is obvious that our Earth is .
很明显,我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。
重点句型解构
1.句型公式:as if引导表语从句
教材原句 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临!
【用法】
as if/though引导表语从句和方式状语从句或者后面接分词或动词不定式:
(1)从句用陈述语气表示真实的情况;
(2)从句用虚拟语气的三种情况:
①与现在事实相反用一般过去时,be动词用were;
②与过去事实相反用过去完成时;
③与将来事实相反用would/could/might+动词原形。
【品悟】 He opened his mouth as if he would say something/as if to say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
【写美】 完成句子
①He treats me as if I .
他待我就像他的亲生女儿一样。
②She was sitting there as if nothing .
她坐在那儿,好像什么也没发生。
③They talked as if they for years.
他们谈起话来就像多年的朋友。
④She waved goodbye, as if she again.
她挥手告别,仿佛再也见不到他似的。
⑤He was standing there as if .
他站在那儿仿佛在等人。
2.句型公式:主语+be+形容词+to do
教材原句 Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.水、食物和电很难获得。
【用法】
动词不定式用主动形式表被动含义,若动词不定式为不及物动词,应在其后面加上适当的介词。常用的形容词有hard、 difficult、 easy、 important、 interesting、 necessary、 pleasant、 comfortable等。
【品悟】 As far as I know, the boss is difficult to get along with. (人物描写)
据我所知,这个老板很难相处。
【写美】 完成句子
①Today’s homework , so Mike finished it quickly.
今天的作业容易做,因此迈克很快完成了。
②Though small, the house .
房子虽小,但住着很舒服。
③The pen you bought yesterday
.
你昨天买的那支笔写起来很流畅。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.After the landslide, the whole village lay in r .
2.Tom took a deep b before jumping into the water.
3.He sat quietly at a wooden table, (专心) in a novel.
4.She was (震惊的) to hear that the hurricane was coming.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.The brick is (对他来说太重了举不起来).
2.He looked at me as if he (从来没见过我).
3.Cars (买起来便宜) with prices going down.
提示:完成课后作业 UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ(2)
13 / 13
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Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
【文本透析·剖语篇】
Pre-reading
It means something happened on that night.The author uses personification to make the title interesting and attract readers’ eyes.
While-reading
第一步
1.Paras.1-5 BDCEA
2.The passage mainly talks about an earthquake that happened at 3:42 a.m.on 28 July 1976 in Tangshan.
第二步
1-5 CDBBA
第三步
1.在城市正下方的11千米处,20世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震爆发了,远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏。
2.地震发生后不久,部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山,将受困群众从废墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。
3.唐山向中国、向世界证明,在自然灾害中,人们必须勠力同心,保持积极乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。
Post-reading
第一步
If you are indoors, stay there! Get under a desk or table and hang on to it (Drop, Cover, and Hold on!) or move into a hallway or against an inside wall.Stay clear of windows, fireplaces, and heavy furniture or appliances.If you are outside, stay away from buildings, power lines, chimneys, and anything else that might fall on you.
第二步
1.smelly 2.who 3.lay 4.terribly 5.was
6.to get 7.including 8.a 9.to 10.wisdom
【随堂检测·要过关】
Ⅰ.1.rise and fall 2.look for places to hide
3.as usual 4.one of the most deadly earthquakes
5.two thirds of the people 6.in less than one minute
7.provide medical care 8.get back up on one’s feet
9.in times of disaster 10.stay positive
Ⅱ.1.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.
2.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
3.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①to find; a ②in ③Shocked; shocking
④the news shocked him
2.①into ②was/were trapped ③Trapped in the cave
3.①buried ②buried ③Buried in; Burying herself in
4.①In ②spare no effort(s) ③Make an/every effort
5.①suffering ②suffering(s) ③suffering serious damage
重点句型解构
1.①were his own daughter ②had happened
③had been friends ④would never see him
⑤waiting for someone
2.①was easy to do ②is comfortable to live in
③was/is very smooth to write with
【随堂检测·要过关】
Ⅰ.1.ruins 2.breath 3.buried 4.shocked
Ⅱ.1.too heavy for him to lift 2.had never met me
3.are cheap to buy
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