Unit 1 Time to relax Section B 知识点讲义 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 1 Time to relax Section B的核心知识点。从动词（如reduce, stress）、短语（on the one hand...on the other hand）到句型（find it + adj. + to do sth.），再到词形转换（如businessman, Indian），形成从基础词汇到综合应用的递进学习支架。 知识链路按“词性-搭配-例句-练习”逻辑呈现，每个知识点配易错提示（如prefer后接doing, advice不可数）和针对性练习。通过辨析（如late/later/latest）培养思维品质，借助固定搭配和转换规律提升学习能力，助力学生夯实语言基础，发展语言应用能力。

Unit 1 Time to relax Section B 知识点精讲精练 1. reduce (v.) 核心用法 词性 & 含义 及物动词，减轻；减少；降低 固定搭配 reduce stress 减轻压力 /reduce time 减少时间 /reduce the risk of... 降低…… 的风险 /reduce pollution 减少污染 例句 Listening to music can reduce our stress easily. 听轻音乐能轻松减轻我们的压力。 练习题 We should ______(reduce) the time we spend on mobile phones. Doing sports can help ______(reduce) weight quickly. This new way can ______(reduce) the cost of production. ✅ 答案：1. reduce 2. reduce 3. reduce 2. stress (n./v.) 核心用法 ✔ 词性 1：不可数名词（主考）→ 压力；紧张 固定搭配：lower stress 减轻压力 /reduce stress 缓解压力 /under stress 处于压力中 /too much stress 太多压力 例句：Too much stress is bad for our health. 太多压力对健康有害。 ✔ 词性 2：动词（考频低）→ 使紧张；施压 例句：Work doesn’t stress him out at all. 工作一点都不会让他感到紧张。 练习题 We need to find ways to lower our ______(stress). She is under too much ______(stress) before exams. Too much study ______(stress) her a lot. ✅ 答案：1. stress 2. stress 3. stresses 3. on the one hand ... on the other hand 核心短语 含义 一方面…… 另一方面…… （表对比、并列的观点） 用法要点 两个短语连用，可放句首（加逗号），后接完整句子；可单独用 on the other hand 表转折 例句 On the one hand, doing sports is good for health; on the other hand, it can help us relax. 一方面，运动有益健康；另一方面，它能帮我们放松。 练习题 ______ the one hand, we need to study hard; on the other hand, we should relax ourselves. On the one hand, traveling is interesting, ______ the other hand, it costs much money. ______(on) one hand, he is kind; on the other hand, he is strict. ✅ 答案：1. On 2. on 3. On 4. pass the time 短语 + pass 核心用法 ✔ 核心短语：pass the time → 消磨时间；打发时间 例句：She likes reading to pass the time on weekends. 她周末喜欢看书打发时间。 ✔ pass 动词 核心含义（中考 4 个必考义，不规则变形：pass→passed→passed） 度过；消磨 → pass the time /pass the holiday 度假 传递 → pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 通过（考试 / 关卡）→ pass the exam 及格 / 通过考试 经过 → pass the park 路过公园 练习题 He ______(pass) the time by listening to music yesterday. Please ______(pass) me the pen on the desk. She is happy to ______(pass) the English exam. ✅ 答案：1. passed 2. pass 3. pass 5. ✅ calm 词性：形容词 adj. + 动词 v. （双词性，中考双考点，全部必考） ✔ 一、calm 作【形容词 adj.】 核心用法 ▸ 含义：冷静的；平静的；镇定的 ▸ 修饰对象：① 修饰人 → 人冷静、不慌张 ② 修饰物 / 自然 → 天气 / 海面 / 湖水等平静的 ▸ 比较级 / 最高级：calmer 更冷静的 ； calmest 最冷静的 ▸ 固定搭配： keep calm 保持冷静（中考最必考短语，写作 / 单选高频） stay calm 保持镇定 a calm voice 平静的声音 /calm sea 平静的海面 ▸ 例句： You should keep calm when you are in danger. 身处险境时，你应该保持冷静。 The sea is calm today. 今天海面很平静。 She always has a calm mind. 她总是头脑冷静。 ✔ 二、calm 作【动词 v.】 核心用法 ▸ 含义：使平静；使镇定；平息 ▸ 常用搭配：calm sb. 使某人平静下来 ▸ 例句： She tried to calm the crying baby. 她试着让哭闹的宝宝平静下来。 A cup of tea can calm you after a busy day. 忙碌一天后，一杯茶能让你平复心情。 ✔核心短语：calm down 例：Calm down! Everything will be OK. 冷静点！一切都会好的。 calm sb. down 让某人冷静下来（代词放中间，名词放两边，中考易错点） 例：Calm him down, he is too angry now. 让他冷静下来，他现在太生气了。 例：Calm down the excited boy. 让那个激动的男孩平静下来。 calm down + 介词短语 → 平复某种情绪 例：She calms down from her sadness slowly. 她慢慢从悲伤中平复过来。 ▸ 拓展：反义词组 → get excited 变得激动 /get angry 变得生气 We should keep ______(calm) when we face difficulties. (词形填空) ______(calm) down! Don’t be so nervous. (补全单词，大写开头) She tried her best to calm ______(he) down just now. ✔ 练习题答案 calm Calm him 6. object (n./v.) 核心用法 ✔ 词性 1：名词（n.） /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/ → 物体；物品 例句：There are many small objects on the desk. 桌子上有很多小物件。 /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/ → 宾语（语法名词，中考语法题考） 例句：We need to find the object in this sentence. 我们要找出这个句子里的宾语。 ✔ 词性 2：动词（v.）/əbˈdʒekt/ → 反对；抗议 固定搭配：object to (doing) sth. 反对（做）某事（to 是介词，后接 doing） 例句：She objects to going out alone at night. 她反对晚上独自出门。 练习题 This small ______(object) is made of wood. He ______(object) to my plan for the trip. Can you find the direct ______(object) in this sentence? ✅ 答案：1. object 2. objects 3. object 7. find it + adj. + to do sth. 核心句型 主语 + find + it + 形容词 + to do sth. it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 to do sth.；形容词作宾语补足语，中考必考结构（和 make it + adj. + to do sth. 同类） 例句 I find it fun to play the guitar. 我发现弹吉他很有趣。/ She finds it easy to learn English well. 她发现学好英语很简单。 练习题 He finds it ______(difficult) to finish the work alone. We find it interesting ______(learn) painting. She ______(find) it relaxing to listen to soft music. ✅ 答案：1. difficult 2. to learn 3. finds 8. mobile phone 短语 + businessman 变形 ✔ mobile phone → 名词短语，手机（= cellphone，中考通用） 例句：We shouldn’t play mobile phone for too long. 我们不应该长时间玩手机。 ✔ businessman 词性 + 变形（中考词形转换必考） businessman (n.) 商人（单数，指男性） businesswoman (n.) 女商人（单数） businessmen (n.) 商人（复数） 词根：business (n.) 商业；生意 → do business 做生意 练习题 His father is a ______(businessman) in Beijing. Many ______(businessman) come to this city for work. Her mother is a successful ______(businesswoman). ✅ 答案：1. businessman 2. businessmen 3. businesswoman 9. start out 短语 + latest /late/later 变形辨析 ✔ 短语：start out → 出发；动身；起初是 例句：We start out for the park at 8 a.m. 我们早上 8 点出发去公园。/ She started out as a teacher. 她起初是一名老师。 ✔ late /later/latest 完整变形 + 辨析 late ：adj. 迟的；晚的 /adv. 迟到；晚 → be late for school 上学迟到 /get up late 起床晚 later ：adv. 稍后；后来 /adj. 更迟的（late 的比较级）→ see you later 回头见 /later on 后来 latest ：adj. 最新的；最近的（late 的最高级，中考最常考）→ the latest news 最新消息 /latest fashion 最新潮流 中考考点 late 的变形辨析是单选必考陷阱题，latest 表「最新的」是高频考点，start out 考「出发」的含义 配套练习题（3 道） Don’t be ______(late) for the meeting tomorrow. I will call you ______(later) this afternoon. We all want to know the ______(latest) news about the match. ✅ 答案：1. late 2. later 3. latest 10. allow 的核心用法 词性：动词（v.） 含义：允许；准许 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 My parents allow me to watch TV after homework. 父母允许我写完作业看电视。/ The school doesn’t allow smoking. 学校不允许吸烟。 Teachers don’t allow us ______(talk) in class. This park allows ______(take) photos here. She ______(not allow) to go out at night by her parents. ✅ 答案：1. to talk 2. taking 3. isn’t allowed 11. at the same time 短语 含义：同时；与此同时（副词短语） 用法要点 放句首（加逗号）或句末，表两个动作同时发生，可表转折「但同时」 例句 He can listen to music and do homework at the same time. 他能一边听音乐一边写作业。/ At the same time, we need to finish our work quickly. They arrived at the station ______ the same time. ______(at) the same time, we should keep quiet in the library. He can sing and dance ______ the same time. ✅ 答案：1. at 2. At 3. at 12. a sense of + n. 固定搭配 结构含义 a sense of + 名词 → 一种…… 的感觉 / 意识（中考写作万能加分搭配） ✅ 必考高频搭配（全部背会） a sense of happiness 幸福感 /a sense of humor 幽默感 /a sense of safety 安全感 /a sense of responsibility 责任感 /a sense of achievement 成就感 例句 Winning the game gives me a sense of pride. 赢得比赛给了我一种自豪感。 练习题 Helping others can give us a sense of ______(happy). She has a strong sense of ______(responsible) as a monitor. Traveling can bring us a sense of ______(free). ✅ 答案：1. happiness 2. responsibility 3. freedom 13. achieve (v.) + achievement (n.) 用法 & 区别 ✔ achieve 动词（v.）→ 实现；取得；达成 固定搭配：achieve one’s dream 实现梦想 /achieve success 取得成功 /achieve a goal 达成目标 例句：He achieved his dream of being a doctor. 他实现了当医生的梦想。 ✔ achievement 名词（n.）→ 成就；成绩（可数 / 不可数） 搭配：make great achievements 取得巨大成就 /a sense of achievement 成就感 例句：Her achievements in study are amazing. 她的学习成绩很出色。 练习题（3 道） He hopes to ______(achieve) his goal next year. She made great ______(achieve) in her career. Achieving ______(success) needs hard work. ✅ 答案：1. achieve 2. achievements 3. success 14. prefer 的核心用法 词性：动词（v.） 含义：更喜欢；宁愿（比 like 语气更强） ✅ 必考 3 个固定结构 prefer sth. 更喜欢某物 → I prefer coffee to tea. 比起茶，我更喜欢咖啡。 prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事 → She prefers to stay at home on weekends. prefer doing A to doing B 比起做 B，更喜欢做 A（to 是介词，后接 doing，易错点）→ I prefer reading to watching TV. 变形：preference (n.) 偏爱；喜好 中考考点 prefer doing A to doing B 是单选必考陷阱题，写作中替换 like 更高级 练习题 She prefers ______(read) books in the morning. I prefer ______(swim) to ______(run). His ______(prefer) is playing basketball. ✅ 答案：1. to read/reading 2. swimming; running 3. preference 15. collect (v.) 核心用法 词性：动词（v.） 含义：收集；搜集；收藏 固定搭配 collect stamps 集邮 /collect books 藏书 /collect information 收集信息 变形（词形转换必考） collection (n.) 收藏品；收集 → a stamp collection 邮票收藏 /collector (n.) 收藏家 例句 He likes collecting coins as a hobby. 他的爱好是收集硬币。 练习题 She ______(collect) more than 100 stamps so far. His coin ______(collect) is very valuable. My uncle is a famous art ______(collect). ✅ 答案：1. has collected 2. collection 3. collector 16. India (n.) + Indian (adj./n.) 用法 & 区别 ✔ India 名词（n.）→ 印度（国家名，专有名词，首字母大写） 例句：He traveled to India last year. 他去年去印度旅行了。 ✔ Indian 双词性（中考必考） 形容词（adj.）→ 印度的；印度人的 → Indian food 印度食物 / Indian culture 印度文化 名词（n.）→ 印度人（复数：Indians） 例句：She is an Indian girl. 她是一个印度女孩。 练习题 ______(India) is a beautiful country in Asia. We all like eating delicious ______(Indian) food. Many ______(Indian) come to China for work. ✅ 答案：1. India 2. Indian 3. Indians 17. teenager (n.) 核心用法 词性：可数名词（n.） 含义：青少年（13-19 岁） 变形 复数：teenagers / 形容词：teenage (adj.) 青少年的 → teenage life 青少年生活 搭配 a group of teenagers 一群青少年 /teenage hobbies 青少年爱好 例句 Teenagers should learn to look after themselves. 青少年应该学会照顾自己。 练习 Most ______(teenager) like listening to pop music. This book is for ______(teenage) students. A ______(teenager) should have good habits. ✅ 答案：1. teenagers 2. teenage 3. teenager 18. rather 的核心用法 词性：副词（adv.） 含义：相当；宁可；反而 rather than 而不是（连接并列成分，可接名词 /doing/to do）→ I like reading rather than watching TV. would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事 → I would rather stay at home than go out. rather + adj. 相当…… → This book is rather interesting. 这本书相当有趣。 练习 I would rather ______(go) hiking than stay at home. She likes singing ______(rather) than dancing. This movie is ______(rather) boring. ✅ 答案：1. go 2. rather 3. rather 19. old-fashioned (adj.) 核心用法 词性：复合形容词 含义：老式的；过时的；守旧的 反义词fashionable (adj.) 时髦的；流行的 搭配old-fashioned clothes 老式衣服 /old-fashioned ideas 守旧的想法 例句 Her grandmother likes wearing old-fashioned dresses. 她奶奶喜欢穿老式裙子。 练习题 This radio is ______(old-fashioned) and it doesn’t work well. His ideas are a little ______(old-fashioned). She doesn’t like ______(old-fashioned) shoes. ✅ 答案：1. old-fashioned 2. old-fashioned 3. old-fashioned 20. put up 多含义用法（ 词性：动词短语 张贴；粘贴 → put up a poster 贴海报 /put up notices 贴通知 举起；抬起 → put up one’s hand 举手（课堂高频） 搭建；建造 → put up a tent 搭帐篷 /put up a house 建房 留宿；收留 → put sb. up for the night 留某人过夜 例句 Please put up your hand if you have questions. 有问题请举手。/ We put up a tent by the lake. 练习题 They ______(put) up a new school last year. Please ______(put) up the map on the wall. He put ______(it) up on the desk carefully. ✅ 答案：1. put 2. put 3. it 21. so + adj./adv. + that 从句 核心句型 结构公式 so + 形容词 / 副词 + that + 结果状语从句 → 如此…… 以至于…… 用法要点 that 从句表结果，可与 too...to.../enough to do 转换；区别：such + 名词 + that 例句：She is so kind that everyone likes her. 她如此善良以至于所有人都喜欢她。/ He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him. 练习题 He is ______(so) tall that he can reach the top of the shelf. She studies ______(so) hard that she always gets good grades. It is ______(so) cold that we don’t want to go out. ✅ 答案：1. so 2. so 3. so 22. dream (n./v.) + 固定搭配 dream of ✔ 词性 1：名词（n.）→ 梦想；梦（可数：dreams） 搭配：have a dream 有梦想 /realize one’s dream 实现梦想 /a sweet dream 美梦 ✔ 词性 2：动词（v.）→ 做梦；梦想（过去式：dreamed/dreamt） ✅ 必考搭配：dream of (doing) sth. 梦想（做）某事（of 是介词，后接 doing，易错点） 例句：I dream of becoming a teacher in the future. 我梦想将来成为一名老师。 练习题 She has a big ______(dream) of traveling around the world. He ______(dream) of being a scientist when he was young. We all dream of ______(live) a happy life. ✅ 答案：1. dream 2. dreamed/dreamt 3. living 23. develop (v.) + development (n.) 用法 & 区别 ✔ develop 动词（v.）→ 发展；研发；培养；成长 搭配：develop a hobby 培养爱好 /develop new technology 研发新技术 /develop quickly 快速发展 例句：China is developing very fast these years. 中国近些年发展很快。 ✔ development 名词（n.）→ 发展；发育（不可数，可加形容词修饰） 搭配：the development of science 科学的发展 /healthy development 健康成长 例句：The development of our city is amazing. 我们城市的发展很惊人。 练习 We should ______(develop) good reading habits. The ______(develop) of AI technology is changing our life. This country ______(develop) into a strong one in ten years. ✅ 答案：1. develop 2. development 3. will develop 24. think about 核心用法 词性：动词短语 含义：思考；考虑；想起 ✅ 必考搭配 think about sth. 考虑某事 /think about doing sth. 考虑做某事（无 think about to do！） 辨析：think of 想起；认为 /think over 仔细考虑 例句：I am thinking about going to Beijing for vacation. 我在考虑去北京度假。 练习 She is thinking about ______(study) abroad next year. Please think about ______(my) suggestion carefully. I often think about ______(my) childhood. ✅ 答案：1. studying 2. my 3. my 25. suggest/suggestion/advise/advice 四词辨析 ✔ 第一组：suggest (v.) + suggestion (n.) suggest 动词 → 建议；提议 固定搭配：suggest doing sth. 建议做某事（无 suggest sb. to do！易错点）/suggest that 从句 例句：He suggests going to the park this weekend. suggestion 名词 → 建议（可数，复数：suggestions） 搭配：give a suggestion 提建议 /some suggestions 一些建议 ✔ 第二组：advise (v.) + advice (n.) advise 动词 → 建议；劝告 固定搭配：advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事（中考必考） 例句：She advises me to read more books. advice 名词 → 建议（不可数名词，无复数，中考易错点） 搭配：give advice 提建议 /some advice 一些建议 /a piece of advice 一条建议 中考考点 四个词的辨析是单选必考陷阱题，advice 不可数是高频考点 配套练习题（3 道） He ______(suggest) going hiking this Sunday. She gives me some good ______(advice) on study. My teacher ______(advise) me ______(practice) English every day. ✅ 答案：1. suggests 2. advice 3. advises; to practice 26. over time 短语 含义：随着时间的推移；久而久之（副词短语） 用法要点 放句首（加逗号）或句末，表时间变化，写作中万能衔接词 例句 Over time, he becomes more confident. 久而久之，他变得更自信了。 练习 ______(over) time, we will forget the sad things. His English improves a lot ______ time. Over time, the little boy ______(grow) into a man. ✅ 答案：1. Over 2. over 3. grows 27. as long as 核心用法 只要（引导条件状语从句，主句将来时，从句一般现在时） 例句：You can pass the exam as long as you study hard. 只要你努力，就能及格。 和…… 一样长（表比较） 例句：This ruler is as long as that one. 这把尺子和那把一样长。 练习 You can go out ______(as) long as you finish your homework. I will help you as long as you ______(ask) me. This river is as long ______(as) that one. ✅ 答案：1. as 2. ask 3. as 28. fail (v.)/failure (n.) + succeed/success/successful/successfully ✔ 第一组：失败类 fail (v.) 失败；不及格 → fail the exam 考试不及格 / fail to do sth. 未能做成某事（必考句型） 例句：He failed to finish the work on time. 他没能按时完成工作。 failure (n.) 失败；失败者（可数 / 不可数）→ a failure 一次失败 /failure is the mother of success 失败是成功之母 ✔ 第二组：成功类（完整变形链，必须背会） succeed (v.) 成功 → succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事（必考句型） 例句：She succeeded in passing the exam. success (n.) 成功（不可数）/ 成功的人 / 事（可数）→ a great success 巨大的成功 successful (adj.) 成功的 → a successful person 成功的人 successfully (adv.) 成功地 → do sth. successfully 成功做某事 练习题 He ______(fail) the math exam last week. She succeeded in ______(win) the competition. This is a ______(success) movie and it is very popular. ✅ 答案：1. failed 2. winning 3. successful 29. discover (v.) 核心用法 词性：动词（v.） 含义：发现；发觉（指发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物） 辨析：invent 发明（指创造新事物） 例句Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。 变形：discovery (n.) 发现 → a great discovery 重大发现 练习 Scientists ______(discover) a new kind of plant in the forest. This is an important scientific ______(discovery). He ______(discover) the truth by accident. ✅ 答案：1. discovered 2. discovery 3. discovered 30. inspire (v.) + inspiration (n.) 用法 & 区别 ✔ inspire 动词（v.）→ 激励；鼓舞；启发 固定搭配：inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事（中考必考） 例句：His story inspires me to work harder. 他的故事激励我更努力。 ✔ inspiration 名词（n.）→ 灵感；鼓舞；启发（不可数 / 可数） 搭配：get inspiration from 从…… 获得灵感 /a source of inspiration 灵感来源 练习题 Her courage ______(inspire) us to face difficulties bravely. I get ______(inspiration) from nature. The teacher inspired me ______(keep) on learning. ✅ 答案：1. inspires 2. inspiration 3. to keep 31. strict 的核心用法 词性：形容词（adj.） 含义：严格的；严厉的 ✅ 中考必考 2 个固定搭配 be strict with sb. 对某人严格（sb. 指人，最常考）→ My parents are strict with me. be strict in sth. 对某事严格（sth. 指事 / 学习 / 工作）→ He is strict in his work. 变形：strictly (adv.) 严格地 /strictness (n.) 严格 Teachers are strict ______(with) their students. My father is strict ______(in) his work. She is a ______(strict) teacher but we all like her. ✅ 答案：1. with 2. in 3. strict 32. surprise (n./v.) + surprising/surprised + surprisingly ✔ 1. surprise 双词性 名词（n.）：惊喜；惊讶 → a big surprise 一个大惊喜 /to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是（必考短语） 动词（v.）：使惊讶；使吃惊 → It surprises sb. that.../surprise sb. with sth. ✔ 2. 形容词辨析（ed/ing 必考） surprised (adj.) 修饰人 → 感到惊讶的 → be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 surprising (adj.) 修饰物 / 事 → 令人惊讶的 → a surprising result 令人惊讶的结果 ✔ 3. surprisingly (adv.) 副词 → 令人惊讶地；居然 例句：Surprisingly, he passed the exam easily. 居然，他轻松及格了。 中考考点 ed/ing 形容词辨析是必考陷阱题，to one’s surprise 是写作加分短语 配套练习题（3 道） To my ______(surprise), he won the game. I am ______(surprised) at the surprising news. ______(surprisingly), she finished the work in an hour. ✅ 答案：1. surprise 2. surprised 3. Surprisingly 33. so far ✅ 词性：副词短语（adv.） ✅ 核心含义：到目前为止；迄今为止；至今 这个短语的时态固定考点：主句必须用【现在完成时】(have/has + 动词过去分词)，这是中考最常考的语法点，百分百必考！ 位置灵活：可放句首（加逗号）、句中、句末，不影响时态。 同义替换：up to now /until now（完全通用，中考完形会互换） So far, I have learned English for three years. 到目前为止，我已经学英语三年了。（句首，最常用） We have finished half of the work so far. 到目前为止，我们已经完成了一半的工作。（句末） She has won many prizes so far. 迄今为止，她已经获得了很多奖项。 ✔ 中考易错点提醒 So far, they ______(build) three new schools in this town. I ______(not see) him so far this week. ______ far, we have planted more than 100 trees. (补全单词) ✔ 练习题答案 have built haven't seen So 34. hundreds of 核心用法 含义：成百上千的；数以百计的（表模糊数字，后接可数名词复数） ✅ 数词必考规则（一起记，不丢分） 具体数字 + hundred → 不加 s，不加 of → two hundred students 两百名学生 hundreds of → 加 s，加 of，无具体数字 → hundreds of students 成百上千的学生 拓展：thousands of 成千上万的 /millions of 数百万的（规则相同） 例句 Hundreds of people come to the park every day. 每天有数百人来公园。 中考考点 单选必考数词规则，是高频易错点，完形中高频出现 配套练习题（3 道） There are ______(hundred) of trees in this forest. We have about two ______(hundred) books in our classroom. ______(hundred) of birds fly south in winter. ✅ 答案：1. hundreds 2. hundred 3. Hundreds 35. stage (n.) 核心用法 词性：可数名词（n.） 舞台→ on the stage 在舞台上 /a music stage 音乐舞台 例句：She sang a song on the stage. 她在舞台上唱了一首歌。 阶段；时期 → a stage of life 人生阶段 /in the early stage 在早期 例句：Teenagers are in an important stage of growth. 青少年处于成长的重要阶段。 练习 She danced beautifully on the ______(stage). We are in a new ______(stage) of development. He wants to perform ______(on) the stage one day. ✅ 答案：1. stage 2. stage 3. on 36. hope 的核心用法 ✔ 词性 1：动词（v.） 希望 → 中考必考 2 个结构 hope to do sth. 希望做某事（✅正确） hope that 从句 希望……（✅正确） 易错点：没有 hope sb. to do sth.！ ✔ 词性 2：名词（n.） 希望 → a hope 一个希望 /hope for sth. 希望得到某物 I hope to visit Paris one day. 我希望有一天能去巴黎。/ I hope that you can pass the exam. 练习 She hopes ______(go) to college next year. I hope that ______(he) can come to my party. We have a ______(hope) of winning the game. ✅ 答案：1. to go 2. he 3. hope 37. such 的核心用法 ✔ such 词性 + 结构 形容词（adj.）→ 如此的；这样的 → such + (a/an) + adj. + 名词 + that 从句 ✅ 必考搭配：such a beautiful girl 如此漂亮的女孩 /such interesting books 如此有趣的书 ✔ 与 so 的核心区别 so 修饰形容词 / 副词；such 修饰名词 → so beautiful a girl = such a beautiful girl 例句 It is such an amazing experience that I will never forget it. 这是一次如此美妙的经历，我永远不会忘记。 中考考点 such 和 so 的辨析是单选必考陷阱题，such + 名词的结构是重点 配套练习题（3 道） It is ______(such) a good movie that everyone likes it. She has ______(such) interesting hobbies that we all admire her. This is ______(such) an important lesson. ✅ 答案：1. such 2. such 3. such 38. nature (n.) + natural (adj.) 用法 & 区别 ✔ nature 名词（n.）→ 自然；大自然；本性（不可数） 搭配：in nature 在大自然中 /love nature 热爱自然 /human nature 人性 ✔ natural 形容词（adj.）→ 自然的；天生的 搭配：natural beauty 自然之美 /natural talent 天赋 /natural food 天然食物 例句 We should protect nature and enjoy natural beauty. 我们应该保护自然，欣赏自然之美。 练习题（ ______(nature) is our best friend. This flower has a ______(natural) beauty. She has a ______(natural) gift for music. ✅ 答案：1. Nature 2. natural 3. natural 39. spend time with sb. 核心短语 结构含义 spend time with sb. 与某人共度时光（spend 的固定搭配，中考必考） 拓展 spend time with family 与家人共度时光 /spend time with friends 和朋友在一起 例句 I like to spend time with my grandparents on weekends. 我周末喜欢和祖父母共度时光。 练习 We should spend more time ______(with) our parents. She spends an hour ______(with) her sister every day. He likes ______(spend) time with his friends. ✅ 答案：1. with 2. with 3. to spend/spending 40. especially 核心用法 词性：副词（adv.） 含义：尤其；特别；格外 用法要点 放句中 / 句末，修饰形容词 / 副词 / 句子，表强调；辨析：specially 专门地 例句 I like all kinds of fruits, especially apples. 我喜欢所有水果，尤其是苹果。 练习 I love sports, ______(especially) swimming. This book is ______(especially) interesting for kids. She likes reading, ______(especially) in the morning. ✅ 答案：1. especially 2. especially 3. especially 41. luck /lucky/unlucky /luckily luck (n.) 运气（不可数）→ good luck 好运 /bad luck 坏运气 /good luck to sb. 祝某人好运 lucky (adj.) 幸运的 → be lucky to do sth. 幸运做某事 /a lucky day 幸运的一天 unlucky (adj.) 不幸的（反义词，前缀 un-）→ an unlucky boy 不幸的男孩 luckily (adv.) 幸运地 /unluckily (adv.) 不幸地（放句首，加逗号，必考） 例句 Luckily, he caught the last bus. 幸运的是，他赶上了末班车。 练习题（3 道） Good ______(luck) to you in the exam! She is a ______(lucky) girl and she won the prize. ______(luckily), we found the lost key. ✅ 答案：1. luck 2. lucky 3. Luckily 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $