Unit4 一般现在时和现在进行时对比讲解及练习-2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语七年级上册

一般现在时 & 现在进行时 语法对比详解 + 练习题 一、核心概念对比 时态 核心含义 关键词标志 一般现在时 1. 经常性、习惯性的动作或状态 2. 客观事实、科学真理 3. 现在的性格、特征 always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day/week, on Sundays 现在进行时 1.此时此刻正在进行的动作 2. 现阶段正在进行的动作（不一定此刻正在做） now, look, listen, at the moment, these days 二、结构对比详解 1. 一般现在时结构 （1）含 be 动词（am/is/are） 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 其他 例：I am a student. / He is tall. 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他 例：She is not at home. / They are not happy. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他？ 例：Is he your brother? → Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 其他？ 例：Where are you from? （2）含实义动词 主语为 I/We/You/They 或复数名词 肯定句：主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 → We play football every day. 否定句：主语 + don’t + 动词原形 + 其他 → We don’t play football on Monday. 一般疑问句：Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ → Do you like apples? Yes, I do. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ → What do they do after school? 主语为 He/She/It 或单数名词 肯定句：主语 + 动词第三人称单数（v.-s/-es） + 其他 → He plays football every day. 否定句：主语 + doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 → He doesn’t play football on Monday. 一般疑问句：Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ → Does she like apples? Yes, she does. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ → What does he do after school? 2. 现在进行时结构（只有一种，不分人称） 结构： 主语 + am/is/are + 动词 - ing 形式 + 其他动词 - ing 变化规则： 1. 一般情况直接加 -ing → play → playing; read → reading 2. 以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 -ing → make → making; write → writing 3. 重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅）结尾，双写尾字母加 -ing → run → running; swim → swimming 4. 以 ie 结尾，变 ie 为 y 加 -ing → lie → lying; die → dying 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + v.-ing + 其他 例：I am reading a book now. / He is playing football. 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + v.-ing + 其他 例：She is not watching TV. / They are not running. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + v.-ing + 其他？ 例：Are you reading a book? → Yes, I am. / No, I am not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + v.-ing + 其他？ 例：What is he doing now? 三、用法对比经典例句 1. 一般现在时（习惯性动作） He plays basketball every afternoon.（他每天下午打篮球 → 习惯） 现在进行时（此刻动作） He is playing basketball now.（他现在正在打篮球 → 此刻） 2. 一般现在时（客观真理） The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起 → 真理） 现在进行时（现阶段动作） She is learning English these days.（她这些天正在学英语 → 现阶段） 3. 一般现在时（现在特征） My mother cooks very well.（我妈妈做饭很好吃 → 能力特征） 现在进行时（此刻动作） My mother is cooking dinner now.（我妈妈现在正在做晚饭 → 此刻） 强化练习题 1、 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. He usually ______ (get) up at 7:00 a.m. But now he ______ (sleep). 2. Look! They ______ (play) football on the playground. They often ______ (play) there. 3. My sister ______ (like) music. She ______ (listen) to music now. 4. ______ your father ______ (read) newspapers every day? 5. What ______ you ______ (do) at the moment? 6. The earth ______ (go) around the sun. 7. Listen! The girl ______ (sing) a song in the next room. 8. We ______ (not watch) TV on school days. But we ______ (watch) TV now. 9. She ______ (do) her homework every evening. Now she ______ (do) it too. 10. ______ Tom ______ (run) on the road now? No, he ______ (ride) a bike. 二、选择填空 1. She ______ English every morning. Now she ______ English. A. reads; reads B. reads; is reading C. is reading; reads 2. Look! The bus ______ near the bus stop. A. stop B. stops C. is stopping 3. — What are you doing?— I ______ my homework. A. do B. doing C. am doing 4. He often ______ to school on foot. But today he ______ to school by bike. A. go; goes B. goes; is going C. goes; go 5. The students ______ an English class now. They usually ______ it on Monday. A. have; have B. are having; have C. have; are having 6. — ______ he ______ basketball every day?— Yes, he does. A. Do; play B. Does; play C. Does; plays 7. Listen! The birds ______ in the tree. A. sing B. sings C. are singing 8. My mother ______ dinner now. She often ______ dinner at 6:00 p.m. A. cooks; is cooking B. is cooking; cooks C. is cooking; is cooking 9. — Where is your brother?— He ______ in his room. A. reads B. read C. is reading 10. Water ______ at 100 degrees. It ______ now. A. boils; is boiling B. boil; boils C. is boiling; boils 三、按要求改写句子 1. They often play basketball after school.（改为现在进行时） _____________________________________________________________________ 2. She is singing a song now.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 3. My father reads newspapers every morning.（改为否定句） _____________________________________________________________________ 4. He is doing his homework at the moment.（对划线部分提问） _____________________________________________________________________ 5. Do you watch TV every night?（作肯定回答） _____________________________________________________________________ 6. The boy plays football every weekend.（对划线部分提问） _____________________________________________________________________ 7. We are cleaning the classroom now.（改为否定句） _____________________________________________________________________ 8. Does she like swimming?（作否定回答） _____________________________________________________________________ 9. I am reading a storybook now.（对划线部分提问） _____________________________________________________________________ 10. They usually go to the park on Sundays.（改为一般疑问句） _____________________________________________________________________ 4、 翻译句子 1. 他每天都做作业。他现在正在做作业。 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2. 看！他们正在操场上跑步。 _____________________________________________________________________ 3. 我妈妈通常在晚上做饭。 _____________________________________________________________________ 4. 你现在正在做什么？我正在看书。 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 5. 太阳从西方落下。（set 落下） _____________________________________________________________________ 6. 听！那个男孩正在唱歌。 _____________________________________________________________________ 7. 我们不喜欢在上学日看电视。 _____________________________________________________________________ 8. 她这些天正在学英语。 _____________________________________________________________________ 9. 你爸爸每天开车去上班吗？ _____________________________________________________________________ 10. 那些鸟现在正在树上唱歌。 _____________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、动词适当形式填空 1. gets; is sleeping 2. are playing; play 3. likes; is listening 4. Does; read 5. are; doing 6. goes 7. is singing 8. don’t watch; are watching 9. does; is doing 10. Is; running; is riding 二、选择填空 1.B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 6.B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 三、改写句子 1. They are playing basketball now. 2. Is she singing a song now? No, she isn’t. 3. My father doesn’t read newspapers every morning. 4. What is he doing at the moment? 5. Yes, I do. 6. What does the boy do every weekend? 7. We are not cleaning the classroom now. 8. No, she doesn’t. 9. What are you reading now? 10. Do you usually go to the park on Sundays? 四、翻译句子 1. He does his homework every day. He is doing his homework now. 2. Look! They are running on the playground. 3. My mother usually cooks dinner in the evening. 4. What are you doing now? I am reading a book. 5. The sun sets in the west. 6. Listen! That boy is singing a song. 7. We don’t like watching TV on school days. 8. She is learning English these days. 9. Does your father go to work by car every day? 10. 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