Unit8 Grammar～Integration 知识点+练习-2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册
（默写巩固）
Grammar-Integration
单词
- 大量地，猛烈地adv_______
- 猜测 v_________
- 清理 v_________
- 疼痛n________
- 邮递员（复）n_________
- 护照n_______
- 机场n_______
- 差一点儿 adj_______
- 报道v_______
- 紧紧的 adv _______
- 按压v________
- 避免v ______
- 包括 prep__________
- 标志牌 n _______
- 流血 v ________
- 警告v_______
- 伤口 n_______
- 警察（复）n________
- 帽子 n______
- 烟 n _______
词组
- 扑灭 ____________
- 山林大火____________
- 迄今为止 ____________
- 立刻，马上______________
- 海啸________________
- 唤醒了冬季仙境
_______________________
- 猛烈的吹______________
- 清除街道上的雪
____________________
- 此刻 ____________
- 持续报道发展态势
____________________
- 增加了山火的规模和威力
__________________
- 烧毁数百万平方米的土地
_______________________
- 靠近_______________
- 尽快___________
- 一块湿布
_____________________
- 贴低地面 _______________
- 放置紧急事件牌
____________________
- 在台风中 ______________
- 着火的大楼 ______________
- 保护某人免受...________________
- 受伤严重_______________
- 避免另一场事故 ______________
- 避免做某事____________
- 清理伤口 ____________
- 在伤口处绑一块布
_________________
- 紧紧的压住它 _______________
- 跑上小山 _______________
- 警告某人做某事 _______________
- 远离沙滩 _______________
- 朝我们驶来 _______________
- 回头看 _______________
- 引起了海啸 _______________
Grammar
【知识梳理】过去进行时
一、基本用法
我们可以用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如：
I was reading at 8 p.m. last night. 昨晚八点我正在读书。
What were you doing last month? 你上个月一直在做什么?
二、句型转换
1.否定句式==>主语+ was/were + not+动词的现在分词。 如: He was not playing football.
2.一般疑问句式 ==>把was/were提前至句首。 如:Was he playing football?
3.特殊疑问句式 对主语提问 疑问词+was/were+doing 如：Who was playing the football?
对非主语提问 疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的现在分词”
如:What was he doing?
三、搭配的时间状语
如果句子带有鲜明的时间状语,如at 9:00 A.M. yesterday/at that moment/from 9:00-10:00 yesterday/the whole morning或有表示过去的上下文语境,我们常用过去进行时
He was doing his homework for the whole morning.But he hasn’t finished it.
注意点：
有些动词通常不用于进行时，主要有：
1. 表示心理状态、情感的动词，如love、hate、like、know等。
2. 连系动词/感官动词，如seem、appear、see、hear、smell、sound、taste等。
3. 特殊动词，如have（有）、 decide、stop等。
【知识梳理】when、while和as表“当”的用法
when和as从句+短暂动词/延续动词
while从句+延续性动词
When/As he woke up, it was eight o'clock. (√)
While he woke up, it was eight o'clock. (×)
When/While/As I was waiting for a bus, I met her. (√)
注意点：
When/While/As谁是延续动词，谁用过去进行时，谁是短暂动词，谁用一般过去时
It began to rain heavily when/while/as we were having dinner.(have dinner为长动作)
When/while/As we were reading, a stranger came in.(read为长动作)
如果主从句都是过去进行时则只能用while, 如：
They were rowing boats while we were climbing the hill.
表“随着……”“—边……,一边……”只能用as，如：
As years go by, China is getting richer and stronger.
其他知识点：
1. I was walking my dog in the forest when I started to smell smoke. P(111)
smoke n.烟；v. 吸烟；冒烟; 如：
The smoke from chimney is spreading out in the sky.
It's against the rules of the school to smoke.
The stove is smoking badly.
2. Suddenly, there was a loud noise like thunder as a burning tree fell down in front of me---I was trapped. P(111)
burn vi. 着火; vt. & vi.(使)烧毁，烧伤；n. “烧伤；烫伤”；如：
The candle is burning brightly.
He burned all his old books.
Tom has three burns on his right arm.
thunder un.雷声
3. I looked at Harry, my dog. He was jumping up and down. P(111)
up and down adv. 来来回回地；上上下下；prep.沿…来来回回 如：
The little cat was jumping up and down.
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The tiger paced up and down the cage.
4. Just at that moment, I saw some people running through the trees. They were firemen! They finally put out the fire. P(111)
at that moment在那时，句子多用过去进行时
see/smell/hear sb doing sth 看见/闻见/听到某人正在做某事 句中有时间点
see/smell/hear sb do sth 看见/闻见/听到某人做某事... 经常看见或看见做某事全过程
I smelt something burning just now.
I often saw him (dance) in the park.
I saw him (dance) in the park when I passed by
put out 扑灭，熄灭；put in安装 put on穿上 put up 张贴，举起，搭建
5.When I got up on Saturday morning, it was snowing heavily. P(113)
I hope no one was badly hurt. P(112)
no one was badly hurt整个句子作动词hope的宾语，是宾语从句 要用陈述语序
I don’t know who is he.（×）
I don’t know who he is.（√）
be badly hurt受伤严重 rain/snow heavily 下大雨/雪 blow hard 猛吹
7.It was getting stronger while I was reading the newspaper.
get/become/grow等变化类系动词，可用于进行时，翻译成“正在变...”如：
It was getting dark.天正变黑
8.Harbin woke up to a winter wonderland last week.
wake up to 1.一觉醒来为.... 2.意识到 wake过去式:woke
The bank woke up to the customer’s needs.
9. It stopped snowing in the afternoon. Guess what I did? I built a snowman! P(113)
guess vt. &vi. 猜测，估计；n.猜测；猜想；如：
Can you guess the answer to this riddle?
My first guess was wrong.
10. Some people in the neighbourhood were clearing the snow from the streets. P(113)
clear vt.清除，清理；adj.清晰的；晴朗的；明确的；clearly adv. 清楚地；如：
He cleared a little space on his desk for a cup of coffee.
The water in the lake is so clear that you can see the fish swimming.
She explained it clearly.
Word power
1.That was close---I nearly started a fire! P(114)
close adj. 差一点儿，好悬；亲密的，近的；v.关闭；结束； get close to靠近
That was close---that car nearly hit us.
He couldn't get close enough to see.
She and Linda became very close.
What time does the bank close?
The meeting will close at 10.00 p.m.
Integration
1. We will keep reporting on this developing situation. P(115)
report vi., vt. & n. 报道; 汇报; 传闻；report (on) 对……进行报道；It is reported that 据报道……；reporter n. 记者；通讯员；如：
It is reported that the CEO will leave the company.
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Grammar-Integration
单词
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1. 大量地，猛烈地 adv. —— heavily
2. 猜测 v. —— guess
3. 清理 v. —— clear
4. 疼痛 n. —— ache
5. 邮递员（复）n. —— postmen
6. 护照 n. —— passport
7. 机场 n. —— airport
8. 差一点儿 adj. —— close
9. 报道 v. —— report
10. 紧紧的 adv. —— firmly
11. 按压 v. —— press
12. 避免 v. —— avoid
13. 包括 prep. —— including
14. 标志牌 n. —— sign
15. 流血 v. —— bleed
16. 警告 v. —— warn
17. 伤口 n. —— wound
18. 警察（复）n. —— policemen
19. 帽子 n. —— hat
20. 烟 n. —— smoke
词组
1. 扑灭 —— put out
2. 山林大火 —— bush fire
3. 迄今为止 —— so far
4. 立刻，马上 —— right now
5. 海啸 —— tidal wave
6. 唤醒了冬季仙境 —— wake up to a winter wonderland
7. 猛烈的吹 —— blow hard
8. 清除街道上的雪 —— clear the snow from the streets
9. 此刻 —— right now
10. 持续报道发展态势 —— keep reporting on this developing situation
11. 增加了山火的规模和威力 —— increase the size and power of the bush fires
12. 烧毁数百万平方米的土地 —— burn millions of square metres of land
13. 靠近 —— get close to
14. 尽快 —— as soon as possible
15. 一块湿布 —— a wet piece of cloth
16. 贴地地面 —— stay low to the ground
17. 放置紧急事件牌 —— put emergency signs
18. 在台风中 —— in the typhoon
19. 着火的大楼 —— the building on fire
20. 保护某人免受… —— protect sb from (doing) sth
21. 受伤严重 —— be badly hurt
22. 避免另一场事故 —— avoid another accident
23. 避免做某事 —— avoid doing sth
24. 清理伤口 —— clean the wound
25. 在伤口处绑一块布 —— tie a piece of cloth round the wound
26. 紧紧的压住它 —— press it firmly
27. 跑上小山 —— run up the hill
28. 警告某人做某事 —— warn sb to do sth
29. 远离沙滩 —— stay away from the beach
30. 朝我们驶来 —— come towards us
31. 回头看 —— look back
32. 引起了海啸 —— cause the tidal wave