Unit 1 Art and artists 人与社会：艺术和艺术家（话题阅读精练）英语新教材沪教版五四制八年级下册

Unit1 Art and artists 人与社会：艺术和艺术家 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 151 介绍梵高《星夜》的创作背景、艺术特色及文化内涵 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 244 主要介绍了中国传统工艺品漆扇的历史、制作工艺及其在现代的受欢迎程度。 实战演练 Passage1 语法选择 记叙文 186 讲述舞台剧《苏堤春晓》的演出信息、内容及文化价值 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 212 介绍北宋王希孟《千里江山图》的创作、艺术特色、文化内涵及保存现状 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 198 介绍陈 Wenling 庆祝世界环境日的艺术展（时间、地点、展品、主题等） Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 205 介绍达・芬奇《蒙娜丽莎》的收藏地、创作时间、画面内容及艺术魅力 Passage5 完形填空 记叙文 173 讲述足球运动员里卡多接触并学习芭蕾，最终获得朋友支持的故事 时文阅读 The Magic of Van Gogh’s Starry Night 梵高《星夜》的魔力 In 1889, Vincent van Gogh, one of the world’s most beloved artists, painted The Starry Night during his stay at a mental asylum in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France. This masterpiece, now housed in the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, has captivated art lovers for over a century with its swirling brushstrokes and vivid colors. Van Gogh once wrote to his brother Theo that the night sky inspired him deeply—he described the stars as “like a great flower blooming in the sky.” Unlike many traditional landscape paintings of his time, The Starry Night is not a realistic depiction of a night scene. Instead, it reflects the artist’s inner emotions and unique perspective. The bright yellow crescent moon and swirling stars seem to dance across the dark blue sky, while the cypress tree in the foreground stretches upward like a flame, connecting the earth to the heavens. The small village below, with its quiet houses and church steeple, brings a sense of calm to the dynamic composition. Art historians believe that The Starry Night expresses van Gogh’s longing for peace and his unshakable love for nature. Despite his struggles with mental illness, the artist poured his passion and creativity into every brushstroke. Today, this painting continues to inspire not only artists but also anyone who appreciates the power of art to convey deep feelings and connect people across time and space. When you stand in front of The Starry Night, you don’t just see a painting—you feel the artist’s soul, soaring among the stars. 【中文翻译】 1889 年，世界上最受爱戴的艺术家之一文森特・梵高，在法国普罗旺斯地区圣雷米的一家精神病院住院期间，创作了《星夜》这幅作品。这幅现藏于纽约现代艺术博物馆的杰作，凭借其漩涡状的笔触和鲜明的色彩，一个多世纪以来一直吸引着艺术爱好者。梵高曾写信给他的弟弟西奥，称夜空给予了他深深的启发 —— 他将星星描述为 “像一朵在天空中绽放的巨大花朵”。 与他所处时代的许多传统风景画不同，《星夜》并非对夜景的写实描绘，而是反映了艺术家内心的情感和独特的视角。明亮的黄色月牙和旋转的星星仿佛在深蓝色的天空中舞动，而前景中的柏树像火焰一样向上伸展，将大地与天空相连。下方的小村庄里，坐落着宁静的房屋和教堂尖顶，为这幅充满动感的构图增添了一丝平静。 艺术史学家认为，《星夜》表达了梵高对和平的渴望以及他对自然坚定不移的热爱。尽管饱受精神疾病的困扰，这位艺术家仍将自己的热情和创造力倾注于每一笔笔触之中。如今，这幅画不仅继续启发着艺术家们，也激励着所有欣赏艺术传递深层情感、跨越时空连接人心之力的人们。当你站在《星夜》面前时，你看到的不仅仅是一幅画 —— 你能感受到艺术家的灵魂，在星空之中翱翔。 【长难句分析】 1.“This masterpiece, now housed in the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, has captivated art lovers for over a century with its swirling brushstrokes and vivid colors.” 翻译：这幅现藏于纽约现代艺术博物馆的杰作，凭借其漩涡状的笔触和鲜明的色彩，一个多世纪以来一直吸引着艺术爱好者。 重点：“now housed in...” 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “masterpiece”；“with its...” 表方式状语，点明吸引观众的原因。 2.“Unlike many traditional landscape paintings of his time, The Starry Night is not a realistic depiction of a night scene, but instead reflects the artist’s inner emotions and unique perspective.” 翻译：与他所处时代的许多传统风景画不同，《星夜》并非对夜景的写实描绘，而是反映了艺术家内心的情感和独特的视角。 重点：“unlike” 引导比较状语；“not...but instead...” 表转折关系，强调作品的核心特点是情感表达而非写实。 3.“Today, this painting continues to inspire not only artists but also anyone who appreciates the power of art to convey deep feelings and connect people across time and space.” 翻译：如今，这幅画不仅继续启发着艺术家们，也激励着所有欣赏艺术传递深层情感、跨越时空连接人心之力的人们。 重点：“not only...but also...” 连接并列宾语；“who” 引导定语从句修饰 “anyone”；“to convey...and connect...” 作后置定语，说明 “power of art” 的具体内容。 【重难词汇梳理】 词汇 词性 汉语翻译 masterpiece n. 杰作 captivate v. 迷住；吸引 swirling adj. 漩涡状的；旋转的 brushstroke n. 笔触；笔法 vivid adj. 鲜明的；生动的 depiction n. 描绘；描述 perspective n. 视角；观点 foreground n. 前景 crescent adj. 月牙形的 longing n. 渴望 unshakable adj. 坚定不移的 passion n. 热情；酷爱 convey v. 传递；表达 creativity n. 创造力 historian n. 历史学家 真题示例 实战演练 （2025·四川省达州市中考） For centuries, lacquer fans (漆扇) have been loved for their beauty. Today, we’ll take a look at the story behind lacquer fans. Lacquer fans are special fans from China, and their history dates back to the Han Dynasty. Later, lacquer fans became one of the top collections in the art world during the Tang Dynasty. Lacquer is a natural varnish (清漆) from the lacquer tree. It was first used for wooden objects to protect them from water and insects. Over time, workers began to use lacquer to make and decorate (装饰) fans. Lacquer fans are made with bamboo or wooden frames (框架). Traditionally, they are painted with different themes and patterns (图案), such as flowers and birds, and people, to make them more beautiful. Although the ways of making fans continue to improve, workers still use traditional techniques (技艺) to create lacquer fans, keeping this ancient art alive. Nowadays, lacquer fan painting is one of the most popular activities among young people. The process is quite simple. People first choose the colors they want to use, drop the coloured lacquer into the water, stir (搅拌) it, put the fans in the water for a while, and then take them out. And that’s it. Many people like lacquer fans. Every fan is unique (独一无二的), like each of us. 1．When did lacquer fans become one of the top collections in the art world? A．During the Han Dynasty. B．During the Tang Dynasty. C．During the Ming Dynasty. D．During the Qing Dynasty. 2．According to the passage, what are the frames of the lacquer fans made of? A．glass or plastic B．glass or wood C．bamboo or wood D．plastic or bamboo 3．What’s the correct order of painting lacquer fans? a. Take them on. b. Choose the colors they want to use. c. Drop the coloured lacquer into the water, stir it. d. Put the fans in the water for a while. A．b→c→d→a B．c→d→a→b C．c→b→a→d D．b→a→c→d 4．In which column (栏目) of the magazine can we find the text? A．Health. B．Sports. C．Art. D．Space. 5．What is the best structure of this passage? (①= Paragraph 1. ②= Paragraph 2.…) A． B． C． D． 【长难句分析】 1.Lacquer fans are special fans from China, and their history dates back to the Han Dynasty. 句意：漆扇是中国特有的扇子，其历史可追溯至汉朝。 分析：本句是并列句，由 and 连接两个主谓宾结构的分句。前一分句主系表结构（Lacquer fans 为主语，are 为系动词，special fans 为表语，from China 为后置定语）；后一分句主谓宾结构（their history 为主语，dates back to 为固定短语作谓语，the Han Dynasty 为宾语）。 2.Although the ways of making fans continue to improve, workers still use traditional techniques to create lacquer fans, keeping this ancient art alive. 句意：尽管制作扇子的方法在不断改进，但工匠们仍沿用传统技艺制作漆扇，使这一古老艺术得以传承。 分析：本句为主从复合句。Although 引导让步状语从句（the ways of making fans 为主语，continue to improve 为谓语）；主句为主谓宾结构（workers 为主语，use 为谓语，traditional techniques 为宾语，to create lacquer fans 为目的状语）；keeping this ancient art alive 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。 【重难词汇梳理】 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ①lacquer n. 漆；清漆 ②fan n. 扇子 ③history n. 历史 ④date back to 追溯到 ⑤Han Dynasty 汉朝 ⑥Tang Dynasty 唐朝 ⑦collection n. 收藏品 ⑧varnish n. 清漆 ⑨tree n. 树 ⑩wooden adj. 木制的 ⑪object n. 物品；物体 ⑫protect v. 保护 ⑬insect n. 昆虫 ⑭decorate v. 装饰 ⑮bamboo n. 竹子 ⑯frame n. 框架 ⑰theme n. 主题 ⑱pattern n. 图案 ⑲technique n. 技艺；技术 ⑳unique adj. 独一无二的 模拟演练 Passage1 语法选择 A stage play (舞台剧) called Sudi Chunxiao was shown from April 5, 2024 to April 14, 2024 in Beijing. Many people expected 1 it. The stage play told the story 2 Su Dongpo. The actor Xin Baiqing played the lead role as Su Dongpo. Sudi Chunxiao is 3 than some other places in Hangzhou. It is famous for its natural spring scenes (景色). Almost all the people 4 it if they go to the West Lake. Su Dongpo was born in Meishan in Sichuan Province. He was 5 excellent person. When he was young, he did very well in the imperial examinations (科举考试). 6 he faced many difficulties in his life, he never lost his hope. He wrote many poems (诗) by 7 and they are still very popular today. He never felt tired when he worked. 8 hard he worked! The stage play showed traditional Chinese 9 of the Song Dynasty (宋朝) and also used Su’s poems to show his popularity (知名度). Hangzhou first showed the stage play in November, 2023 during the 18th China Theater Festival. People liked it 10 . They thought it was wonderful. 1．A．watch B．to watch C．watching 2．A．of B．in C．for 3．A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．the most beautiful 4．A．visited B．visits C．will visit 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．But B．If C．Although 7．A．he B．his C．himself 8．A．How B．What a C．What an 9．A．painting B．paintings C．painting’s 10．A．stronger B．strong C．strongly Passage2 As one of the most celebrated landscape paintings in Chinese art history, A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains holds great cultural value for centuries. Created during the Northern Song Dynasty, this masterpiece was the work of Wang Ximeng, a talented young artist. The painting is a long scroll (卷轴). It is over 11 meters long and 51.5 centimeters tall. Scrolls are a traditional Chinese art form. What makes this painting special is the colors Wang used. He took natural materials from rocks and mixed them with animal glue (胶水). These colors are so good that they still look bright after almost 900 years, even though the painting is easy to break. In the painting, you can see the beauty from southern China. There are many mountains with sharp tops. Long rivers connect small villages, wooden bridges and fishing boats. You can also find people—some are farming, some are on boats, some are walking. They show how people lived happily with nature back then. This mix of natural beauty and daily life expresses the ancient Chinese idea of “unity (统一) between man and nature”. This means humans and nature are one and should help each other. Today, this painting is kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Museum workers keep it in a box in good temperature and humidity—too hot, too cold, or too wet would damage the old silk and colors. I think, because it is easy to break, the museum only shows it sometimes, but it still influences many modern artworks. 1．How old may Wang Ximeng be, when he created A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains? A．8 B．18 C．48 D．58 2．Why is the masterpiece so special? A．Wang drew many layers of mountains with sharp tops. B．Wang painted the beautiful views from southern China C．Wang used natural materials mixed with animal glues. D．Wang showed how people lived happily with nature. 3．What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 refer to? A．The museum. B．The idea. C．The painting. D．The unity. 4．Why is the painting only shown sometimes? A．It is too big to be shown often. B．It is very easy to be broken. C．It is too special to be enjoyed. D．It is very popular with the public. 5．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Wang Ximeng: a Talented Artist. B．A Masterpiece: Unity of Nature and Humans. C．Wang Ximeng: a Nature Master. D．A Masterpiece: Unity of the Art and Life Passage3 Art Show—Celebrating World Environment Day The Symbiosis of the Force Artist: Chen Wenling Time: June 5th, 2025—July 4th,2025 Place: Jinsha Academy, Haicang district, Xiamen Contents (内容): ★The public outdoor space shows Chen’s sculptures (雕塑). ★The indoor hall shows Chen’s oil paintings, calligraphy works and photography works. Theme (主题): ★It shows the idea of harmonious coexistence (和谐共存) between humans and nature. Others’ opinions: Du Xiyun says that Chen’s works are full of energy and his art forms are ▲ . They have painting, sculpture, calligraphy, photography, and garden design. An art teacher praises (赞 扬) the sculptures for perfectly balancing humans and nature, calling them a great example for students. 1．How long does the event last? A．About two days. B．About one week. C．About one month. D．About one year. 2．What can people see in the public outdoor space? A．Sculptures. B．Paintings. C．Calligraphy works. D．Photography works. 3．What is the theme of the event? A．People should study art. B．What Xiamen will be like. C．What role art plays in our lives. D．People should live in peace with nature. 4．Which of the following is best for ▲ ? A．famous B．different C．simple D．important 5．In which part of a newspaper can we read the text? A．Art. B．Animals. C．Travel. D．Science. Passage4 Which oil painting is the most famous and popular? I think it’s Mona Lisa. Each year, millions of people visit the Louvre (卢浮宫)，a famous art museum in Paris, France, to see Mona Lisa. It was painted by Leonardo da Vinci，a famous Italian artist. And I like him best. The painting is only 77 centimeters long and 53 centimeters wide. It was painted by Leonardo da Vinci between 1503 and 1505. In the painting, you can see a woman with long hair seated in a relaxed pose (姿势). She puts her right hand over her left hand. Behind her, there is a winding river, some mountains and many other things. The painting is famous for its smile. It’s amazing for you to find that the woman can look at you with a smile no matter where you stand. Most people are fascinated by her mysterious (神秘的) smile. What’s more, there are many mysteries in the painting. Who is the woman? Is she happy, sad, or just bored? We don’t know. 1．Where can we visit to enjoy Mona Lisa? A．Italy. B．China. C．America. D．France. 2．How long did it take Leonardo da Vinci to finish the picture? A．About 5 years. B．About 4 years. C．About 3 years. D．About 2 years. 3．What does the underlined word “fascinated” mean? A．Feeling unhappy. B．Very interested. C．Making you feel the need to sleep or rest. D．Costing a lot of money. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Leonardo da Vinci painted the work in the early 15th century. B．Mona Lisa is 53 centimeters long. C．Leonardo da Vinci is the writer’s favorite painter. D．Leonardo da Vinci painted the oil painting on paper. 5．What’s the text about? A．Art. B．Health. C．Geography. D．History. Passage5 When Mrs. Periwinkle happily announced a trip to the Opera House for a ballet performance, the classroom was full of excitement. But Ricardo sat quietly and 1 a smile, trying to fit in while hiding his true feelings. As the star player on the soccer team, he wasn’t that into ballet. However, the next morning, when the class entered the Opera House, Ricardo was amazed by how grand it was. The high ceilings and fancy decorations (装饰) made the place magical. As they sat down, he saw the ballet dancers on stage. Their smooth 2 and beautiful poses (姿势) caught his attention. He had never thought much about ballet before, but now he could see the skill and beauty in it. That night, lying in bed, he couldn’t stop thinking about the dancers, whose strength and grace(优雅) 3 his mind and created a lasting impression on him. Mrs. Periwinkle had been right—it was an amazing trip. With each thought, his curiosity (好奇) grew. For the first time, he thought about learning ballet, but he felt nervous. What would his friends think? Would they understand? Though worried, Ricardo decided to try ballet. He thought that if he told his friends, they might make fun of him, so he chose to keep it a 4 . He signed up for lessons without telling anyone. As months passed, he got really into dance, and his ballet teacher praised the athletic skills he had gained from soccer. His strength and flexibility helped him improve, and each new step brought a rush of excitement. One day at soccer practice, his teammates noticed he was missing. “I saw Ricardo’s name on a ballet poster!” one of them said. They couldn’t wait to uncover the truth, so they decided to attend the show. On performance night, Ricardo was 5 . But when he saw his friends in the audience, he took a deep breath and focused on the music. As he danced, he poured his heart into every move. After the curtain fell, his friends rushed backstage to congratulate him. Their cheer filled the room, and warmth spread through him. At that moment, he realized that 6 his passion didn’t have to be embarrassing. With his friends’ support, he felt ready to explore every part of who he was. 1．A．forced B．lost C．froze D．avoided 2．A．sounds B．operations C．movements D．communications 3．A．mixed B．filled C．lost D．clouded 4．A．secret B．goal C．promise D．habit 5．A．surprised B．tired C．bored D．nervous 6．A．finding B．following C．sharing D．missing $Unit1 Art and artists 人与社会：艺术和艺术家 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 151 介绍梵高《星夜》的创作背景、艺术特色及文化内涵 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 244 主要介绍了中国传统工艺品漆扇的历史、制作工艺及其在现代的受欢迎程度。 实战演练 Passage1 语法选择 记叙文 186 讲述舞台剧《苏堤春晓》的演出信息、内容及文化价值 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 212 介绍北宋王希孟《千里江山图》的创作、艺术特色、文化内涵及保存现状 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 198 介绍陈 Wenling 庆祝世界环境日的艺术展（时间、地点、展品、主题等） Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 205 介绍达・芬奇《蒙娜丽莎》的收藏地、创作时间、画面内容及艺术魅力 Passage5 完形填空 记叙文 173 讲述足球运动员里卡多接触并学习芭蕾，最终获得朋友支持的故事 时文阅读 The Magic of Van Gogh’s Starry Night 梵高《星夜》的魔力 In 1889, Vincent van Gogh, one of the world’s most beloved artists, painted The Starry Night during his stay at a mental asylum in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France. This masterpiece, now housed in the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, has captivated art lovers for over a century with its swirling brushstrokes and vivid colors. Van Gogh once wrote to his brother Theo that the night sky inspired him deeply—he described the stars as “like a great flower blooming in the sky.” Unlike many traditional landscape paintings of his time, The Starry Night is not a realistic depiction of a night scene. Instead, it reflects the artist’s inner emotions and unique perspective. The bright yellow crescent moon and swirling stars seem to dance across the dark blue sky, while the cypress tree in the foreground stretches upward like a flame, connecting the earth to the heavens. The small village below, with its quiet houses and church steeple, brings a sense of calm to the dynamic composition. Art historians believe that The Starry Night expresses van Gogh’s longing for peace and his unshakable love for nature. Despite his struggles with mental illness, the artist poured his passion and creativity into every brushstroke. Today, this painting continues to inspire not only artists but also anyone who appreciates the power of art to convey deep feelings and connect people across time and space. When you stand in front of The Starry Night, you don’t just see a painting—you feel the artist’s soul, soaring among the stars. 【中文翻译】 1889 年，世界上最受爱戴的艺术家之一文森特・梵高，在法国普罗旺斯地区圣雷米的一家精神病院住院期间，创作了《星夜》这幅作品。这幅现藏于纽约现代艺术博物馆的杰作，凭借其漩涡状的笔触和鲜明的色彩，一个多世纪以来一直吸引着艺术爱好者。梵高曾写信给他的弟弟西奥，称夜空给予了他深深的启发 —— 他将星星描述为 “像一朵在天空中绽放的巨大花朵”。 与他所处时代的许多传统风景画不同，《星夜》并非对夜景的写实描绘，而是反映了艺术家内心的情感和独特的视角。明亮的黄色月牙和旋转的星星仿佛在深蓝色的天空中舞动，而前景中的柏树像火焰一样向上伸展，将大地与天空相连。下方的小村庄里，坐落着宁静的房屋和教堂尖顶，为这幅充满动感的构图增添了一丝平静。 艺术史学家认为，《星夜》表达了梵高对和平的渴望以及他对自然坚定不移的热爱。尽管饱受精神疾病的困扰，这位艺术家仍将自己的热情和创造力倾注于每一笔笔触之中。如今，这幅画不仅继续启发着艺术家们，也激励着所有欣赏艺术传递深层情感、跨越时空连接人心之力的人们。当你站在《星夜》面前时，你看到的不仅仅是一幅画 —— 你能感受到艺术家的灵魂，在星空之中翱翔。 【长难句分析】 1.“This masterpiece, now housed in the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, has captivated art lovers for over a century with its swirling brushstrokes and vivid colors.” 翻译：这幅现藏于纽约现代艺术博物馆的杰作，凭借其漩涡状的笔触和鲜明的色彩，一个多世纪以来一直吸引着艺术爱好者。 重点：“now housed in...” 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “masterpiece”；“with its...” 表方式状语，点明吸引观众的原因。 2.“Unlike many traditional landscape paintings of his time, The Starry Night is not a realistic depiction of a night scene, but instead reflects the artist’s inner emotions and unique perspective.” 翻译：与他所处时代的许多传统风景画不同，《星夜》并非对夜景的写实描绘，而是反映了艺术家内心的情感和独特的视角。 重点：“unlike” 引导比较状语；“not...but instead...” 表转折关系，强调作品的核心特点是情感表达而非写实。 3.“Today, this painting continues to inspire not only artists but also anyone who appreciates the power of art to convey deep feelings and connect people across time and space.” 翻译：如今，这幅画不仅继续启发着艺术家们，也激励着所有欣赏艺术传递深层情感、跨越时空连接人心之力的人们。 重点：“not only...but also...” 连接并列宾语；“who” 引导定语从句修饰 “anyone”；“to convey...and connect...” 作后置定语，说明 “power of art” 的具体内容。 【重难词汇梳理】 词汇 词性 汉语翻译 masterpiece n. 杰作 captivate v. 迷住；吸引 swirling adj. 漩涡状的；旋转的 brushstroke n. 笔触；笔法 vivid adj. 鲜明的；生动的 depiction n. 描绘；描述 perspective n. 视角；观点 foreground n. 前景 crescent adj. 月牙形的 longing n. 渴望 unshakable adj. 坚定不移的 passion n. 热情；酷爱 convey v. 传递；表达 creativity n. 创造力 historian n. 历史学家 真题示例 实战演练 （2025·四川省达州市中考） For centuries, lacquer fans (漆扇) have been loved for their beauty. Today, we’ll take a look at the story behind lacquer fans. Lacquer fans are special fans from China, and their history dates back to the Han Dynasty. Later, lacquer fans became one of the top collections in the art world during the Tang Dynasty. Lacquer is a natural varnish (清漆) from the lacquer tree. It was first used for wooden objects to protect them from water and insects. Over time, workers began to use lacquer to make and decorate (装饰) fans. Lacquer fans are made with bamboo or wooden frames (框架). Traditionally, they are painted with different themes and patterns (图案), such as flowers and birds, and people, to make them more beautiful. Although the ways of making fans continue to improve, workers still use traditional techniques (技艺) to create lacquer fans, keeping this ancient art alive. Nowadays, lacquer fan painting is one of the most popular activities among young people. The process is quite simple. People first choose the colors they want to use, drop the coloured lacquer into the water, stir (搅拌) it, put the fans in the water for a while, and then take them out. And that’s it. Many people like lacquer fans. Every fan is unique (独一无二的), like each of us. 1．When did lacquer fans become one of the top collections in the art world? A．During the Han Dynasty. B．During the Tang Dynasty. C．During the Ming Dynasty. D．During the Qing Dynasty. 2．According to the passage, what are the frames of the lacquer fans made of? A．glass or plastic B．glass or wood C．bamboo or wood D．plastic or bamboo 3．What’s the correct order of painting lacquer fans? a. Take them on. b. Choose the colors they want to use. c. Drop the coloured lacquer into the water, stir it. d. Put the fans in the water for a while. A．b→c→d→a B．c→d→a→b C．c→b→a→d D．b→a→c→d 4．In which column (栏目) of the magazine can we find the text? A．Health. B．Sports. C．Art. D．Space. 5．What is the best structure of this passage? (①= Paragraph 1. ②= Paragraph 2.…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国传统工艺品漆扇的历史、制作工艺及其在现代的受欢迎程度。 1．细节理解题。根据“Later, lacquer fans became one of the top collections in the art world during the Tang Dynasty.”可知，漆扇在唐代成为艺术界顶级收藏品。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Lacquer fans are made with bamboo or wooden frames (框架).”可知，漆扇框架材质为竹子或木材。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“People first choose the colors they want to use, drop the coloured lacquer into the water, stir (搅拌) it, put the fans in the water for a while, and then take them out.”可知，做漆扇的步骤为：1.选择颜色（b）→ 2.将漆滴入水中搅拌（c）→ 3.放入扇子浸泡（d）→ 4.取出扇子（a），正确顺序为b→c→d→a。故选A。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文围绕漆扇的艺术价值、历史渊源和制作工艺展开，属于传统文化艺术范畴，故可推测出，最可能出现在“艺术”栏目。故选C。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总述漆扇的历史地位，引出主题。第二段介绍漆扇的起源（汉代）和唐代的发展。第三段说明制作材料（框架）和传统装饰图案。第四段描述现代漆扇绘画的流程及流行情况。第五段总结漆扇的独特性，呼应主题。故全文为“总—分—总”的结构，先引入主题，再从历史、工艺、现代应用等方面展开，最后升华意义。故选D。 【长难句分析】 1.Lacquer fans are special fans from China, and their history dates back to the Han Dynasty. 句意：漆扇是中国特有的扇子，其历史可追溯至汉朝。 分析：本句是并列句，由 and 连接两个主谓宾结构的分句。前一分句主系表结构（Lacquer fans 为主语，are 为系动词，special fans 为表语，from China 为后置定语）；后一分句主谓宾结构（their history 为主语，dates back to 为固定短语作谓语，the Han Dynasty 为宾语）。 2.Although the ways of making fans continue to improve, workers still use traditional techniques to create lacquer fans, keeping this ancient art alive. 句意：尽管制作扇子的方法在不断改进，但工匠们仍沿用传统技艺制作漆扇，使这一古老艺术得以传承。 分析：本句为主从复合句。Although 引导让步状语从句（the ways of making fans 为主语，continue to improve 为谓语）；主句为主谓宾结构（workers 为主语，use 为谓语，traditional techniques 为宾语，to create lacquer fans 为目的状语）；keeping this ancient art alive 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。 【重难词汇梳理】 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ①lacquer n. 漆；清漆 ②fan n. 扇子 ③history n. 历史 ④date back to 追溯到 ⑤Han Dynasty 汉朝 ⑥Tang Dynasty 唐朝 ⑦collection n. 收藏品 ⑧varnish n. 清漆 ⑨tree n. 树 ⑩wooden adj. 木制的 ⑪object n. 物品；物体 ⑫protect v. 保护 ⑬insect n. 昆虫 ⑭decorate v. 装饰 ⑮bamboo n. 竹子 ⑯frame n. 框架 ⑰theme n. 主题 ⑱pattern n. 图案 ⑲technique n. 技艺；技术 ⑳unique adj. 独一无二的 模拟演练 Passage1 语法选择 A stage play (舞台剧) called Sudi Chunxiao was shown from April 5, 2024 to April 14, 2024 in Beijing. Many people expected 1 it. The stage play told the story 2 Su Dongpo. The actor Xin Baiqing played the lead role as Su Dongpo. Sudi Chunxiao is 3 than some other places in Hangzhou. It is famous for its natural spring scenes (景色). Almost all the people 4 it if they go to the West Lake. Su Dongpo was born in Meishan in Sichuan Province. He was 5 excellent person. When he was young, he did very well in the imperial examinations (科举考试). 6 he faced many difficulties in his life, he never lost his hope. He wrote many poems (诗) by 7 and they are still very popular today. He never felt tired when he worked. 8 hard he worked! The stage play showed traditional Chinese 9 of the Song Dynasty (宋朝) and also used Su’s poems to show his popularity (知名度). Hangzhou first showed the stage play in November, 2023 during the 18th China Theater Festival. People liked it 10 . They thought it was wonderful. 1．A．watch B．to watch C．watching 2．A．of B．in C．for 3．A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．the most beautiful 4．A．visited B．visits C．will visit 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．But B．If C．Although 7．A．he B．his C．himself 8．A．How B．What a C．What an 9．A．painting B．paintings C．painting’s 10．A．stronger B．strong C．strongly 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了舞台剧《苏堤春晓》的演出时间、地点、内容、受欢迎程度以及它所展现的中国传统文化和苏轼的诗词。 1．句意：很多人都很期待看它。 watch观看，动词原形；to watch观看，动词不定式；watching观看，动名词。根据语境可知，此处表达“期待做某事”，英文表达是“expect to do sth”，所以此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故选B。 2．句意：这部舞台剧讲述了苏东坡的故事。 of关于；in在……里面；for为了。根据语境可知，此处表达“讲述……的故事”，英文表达是“tell the story of...”，所以此处应用介词of。故选A。 3．句意：《苏堤春晓》比杭州其他一些地方更美丽。 beautiful美丽的，形容词原级；more beautiful更美丽的，形容词比较级；the most beautiful最美丽的，形容词最高级。根据语境以及“than”可知，此处应用形容词比较级形式。故选B。 4．句意：如果他们去西湖，几乎所有的人都会参观它。 visited动词过去式；visits动词三单形式；will visit一般将来时。根据语境以及“if they go to the West Lake”可知，此处是条件状语从句，要遵循主将从现的原则，表达“如果他们去西湖，将会去参观它”，主句应用一般将来时，其结构为“will+动词原形”。故选C。 5．句意：他是一个优秀的人。 a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词，表特指。根据语境可知，此处表达“一个优秀的人”，表泛指，且“excellent”是以元音音素开头的单词，所以此处应用不定冠词an。故选B。 6．句意：尽管他在生活中面临许多困难，但他从未失去希望。 But但是；If如果；Although尽管。根据语境以及“he faced many difficulties in his life”和“he never lost his hope”可知，此处表达“尽管面临许多困难，但他从未失去希望”，所以此处应用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。 7．句意：他自己写了许多诗，至今仍然很受欢迎。 he他，人称代词主格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据语境可知，此处表达“他自己写了许多诗”，by oneself“独自地，单独”，固定搭配，所以此处应用反身代词himself。故选C。 8．句意：他工作多么努力啊！ How多么，引导感叹句，修饰形容词或副词；What a多么……一个，引导感叹句，修饰可数名词单数；What an多么……一个，引导感叹句，修饰可数名词单数。根据语境以及“hard he worked!”可知，此处表达“他工作多么努力啊！”，hard为副词，所以此处应用how引导感叹句，其结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。故选A。 9．句意：这部舞台剧展示了宋朝的中国传统绘画，还使用了苏轼的诗来展示他的知名度。 painting绘画，名词单数形式；paintings绘画，名词复数形式；painting’s绘画的，名词所有格。根据语境可知，此处表达“中国传统绘画”，应用名词“painting”表示，且此处不是指一幅绘画，所以应用名词复数形式paintings。故选B。 10．句意：人们非常喜欢它。 stronger更强的，形容词比较级；strong强的，形容词原级；strongly强烈地，副词原级。根据语境以及“liked”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词“liked”，表达“非常喜欢”，所以此处应用副词strongly。故选C。 Passage2 As one of the most celebrated landscape paintings in Chinese art history, A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains holds great cultural value for centuries. Created during the Northern Song Dynasty, this masterpiece was the work of Wang Ximeng, a talented young artist. The painting is a long scroll (卷轴). It is over 11 meters long and 51.5 centimeters tall. Scrolls are a traditional Chinese art form. What makes this painting special is the colors Wang used. He took natural materials from rocks and mixed them with animal glue (胶水). These colors are so good that they still look bright after almost 900 years, even though the painting is easy to break. In the painting, you can see the beauty from southern China. There are many mountains with sharp tops. Long rivers connect small villages, wooden bridges and fishing boats. You can also find people—some are farming, some are on boats, some are walking. They show how people lived happily with nature back then. This mix of natural beauty and daily life expresses the ancient Chinese idea of “unity (统一) between man and nature”. This means humans and nature are one and should help each other. Today, this painting is kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Museum workers keep it in a box in good temperature and humidity—too hot, too cold, or too wet would damage the old silk and colors. I think, because it is easy to break, the museum only shows it sometimes, but it still influences many modern artworks. 1．How old may Wang Ximeng be, when he created A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains? A．8 B．18 C．48 D．58 2．Why is the masterpiece so special? A．Wang drew many layers of mountains with sharp tops. B．Wang painted the beautiful views from southern China C．Wang used natural materials mixed with animal glues. D．Wang showed how people lived happily with nature. 3．What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 refer to? A．The museum. B．The idea. C．The painting. D．The unity. 4．Why is the painting only shown sometimes? A．It is too big to be shown often. B．It is very easy to be broken. C．It is too special to be enjoyed. D．It is very popular with the public. 5．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Wang Ximeng: a Talented Artist. B．A Masterpiece: Unity of Nature and Humans. C．Wang Ximeng: a Nature Master. D．A Masterpiece: Unity of the Art and Life 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国艺术史上的杰作《千里江山图》，包括其创作者、艺术特色、文化内涵以及保存现状。 1．推理判断题。根据“Created during the Northern Song Dynasty, this masterpiece was the work of Wang Ximeng, a talented young artist.”可知王希孟创作《千里江山图》时是一位年轻有才华的艺术家，结合选项推测最可能是18岁。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“What makes this painting special is the colors Wang used. He took natural materials from rocks and mixed these with animal glue.”可知，这幅画作的特别之处在于王希孟使用的颜色，他从岩石中提取天然材料，并与动物胶混合。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Today, this painting is kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Museum workers keep it in a box in good temperature and humidity”可知这幅画保存在北京故宫博物院，博物馆工作人员把它放在一个温度和湿度良好的盒子里，由此可推测，此处it指代的是前文提到的“the painting”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Museum workers keep it in a box in good temperature and humidity—too hot, too cold, or too wet would damage the old silk and colors. I think though it is easy to break that museum only show it sometimes...”可知，博物馆工作人员将画作保存在温度和湿度适宜的盒子里，因为过热、过冷或过湿都会损坏古老的丝绸和颜色，且画作很容易破损，所以博物馆只偶尔展示它。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国艺术史上最著名的山水画之一《千里江山图》，包括其创作背景、艺术特色、文化内涵以及保存现状。文章第三段提到“This mix of natural beauty and daily life expresses the ancient Chinese idea of ‘unity between man and nature’.”，即这幅画作融合了自然美景和日常生活，表达了中国古代“天人合一”的思想。因此，选项B“杰作：自然与人类的统一”最符合文章主旨。故选B。 Passage3 Art Show—Celebrating World Environment Day The Symbiosis of the Force Artist: Chen Wenling Time: June 5th, 2025—July 4th,2025 Place: Jinsha Academy, Haicang district, Xiamen Contents (内容): ★The public outdoor space shows Chen’s sculptures (雕塑). ★The indoor hall shows Chen’s oil paintings, calligraphy works and photography works. Theme (主题): ★It shows the idea of harmonious coexistence (和谐共存) between humans and nature. Others’ opinions: Du Xiyun says that Chen’s works are full of energy and his art forms are ▲ . They have painting, sculpture, calligraphy, photography, and garden design. An art teacher praises (赞 扬) the sculptures for perfectly balancing humans and nature, calling them a great example for students. 1．How long does the event last? A．About two days. B．About one week. C．About one month. D．About one year. 2．What can people see in the public outdoor space? A．Sculptures. B．Paintings. C．Calligraphy works. D．Photography works. 3．What is the theme of the event? A．People should study art. B．What Xiamen will be like. C．What role art plays in our lives. D．People should live in peace with nature. 4．Which of the following is best for ▲ ? A．famous B．different C．simple D．important 5．In which part of a newspaper can we read the text? A．Art. B．Animals. C．Travel. D．Science. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了艺术家Chen Wenling为庆祝世界环境日而举办的名为“The Symbiosis of the Force”的艺术展览。 1．细节理解题。根据“Time: June 5th, 2025—July 4th,2025”可知，该活动持续大约一个月。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The public outdoor space shows Chen’s sculptures (雕塑).”可知，在公共户外空间能看到雕塑。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“It shows the idea of harmonious coexistence (和谐共存) between humans and nature.”可知，体现了人与自然和谐共生的理念，故体现的主题是人们应该与自然和平相处。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“They have painting, sculpture, calligraphy, photography, and garden design.”可知，艺术形式涉及绘画、雕塑、书法、摄影、园林设计等，故各种形式不一。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“Art Show”及通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了艺术家、作品与艺术展讯息，最可能见于报纸的“艺术”版块。故选A。 Passage4 Which oil painting is the most famous and popular? I think it’s Mona Lisa. Each year, millions of people visit the Louvre (卢浮宫)，a famous art museum in Paris, France, to see Mona Lisa. It was painted by Leonardo da Vinci，a famous Italian artist. And I like him best. The painting is only 77 centimeters long and 53 centimeters wide. It was painted by Leonardo da Vinci between 1503 and 1505. In the painting, you can see a woman with long hair seated in a relaxed pose (姿势). She puts her right hand over her left hand. Behind her, there is a winding river, some mountains and many other things. The painting is famous for its smile. It’s amazing for you to find that the woman can look at you with a smile no matter where you stand. Most people are fascinated by her mysterious (神秘的) smile. What’s more, there are many mysteries in the painting. Who is the woman? Is she happy, sad, or just bored? We don’t know. 1．Where can we visit to enjoy Mona Lisa? A．Italy. B．China. C．America. D．France. 2．How long did it take Leonardo da Vinci to finish the picture? A．About 5 years. B．About 4 years. C．About 3 years. D．About 2 years. 3．What does the underlined word “fascinated” mean? A．Feeling unhappy. B．Very interested. C．Making you feel the need to sleep or rest. D．Costing a lot of money. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Leonardo da Vinci painted the work in the early 15th century. B．Mona Lisa is 53 centimeters long. C．Leonardo da Vinci is the writer’s favorite painter. D．Leonardo da Vinci painted the oil painting on paper. 5．What’s the text about? A．Art. B．Health. C．Geography. D．History. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 【解析】本文通过介绍《蒙娜丽莎》的背景、创作细节和艺术魅力，展现了其在全球文化中的独特地位，并表达了作者对达·芬奇及其作品的推崇。 1．细节理解题。根据“Each year, millions of people visit the Louvre (卢浮宫)，a famous art museum in Paris, France”可知，《蒙娜丽莎》在卢浮宫，位于法国巴黎。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“It was painted by Leonardo da Vinci between 1503 and 1505.”可知，达·芬奇在1503年至1505年间绘制了这幅画，持续约两年。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“by her mysterious (神秘的) smile. What’s more, there are many mysteries in the painting.”可知，人们对她神秘的微笑及这幅画中的很多奥秘很感兴趣。fascinated意为“非常感兴趣”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“It was painted by Leonardo da Vinci，a famous Italian artist. And I like him best.”可知，作者明确表示“我最喜欢他”，指达·芬奇。故选C。 5．推理判断题。文本主要介绍《蒙娜丽莎》这幅油画及其艺术价值，属于艺术主题。故选A。 Passage5 When Mrs. Periwinkle happily announced a trip to the Opera House for a ballet performance, the classroom was full of excitement. But Ricardo sat quietly and 1 a smile, trying to fit in while hiding his true feelings. As the star player on the soccer team, he wasn’t that into ballet. However, the next morning, when the class entered the Opera House, Ricardo was amazed by how grand it was. The high ceilings and fancy decorations (装饰) made the place magical. As they sat down, he saw the ballet dancers on stage. Their smooth 2 and beautiful poses (姿势) caught his attention. He had never thought much about ballet before, but now he could see the skill and beauty in it. That night, lying in bed, he couldn’t stop thinking about the dancers, whose strength and grace(优雅) 3 his mind and created a lasting impression on him. Mrs. Periwinkle had been right—it was an amazing trip. With each thought, his curiosity (好奇) grew. For the first time, he thought about learning ballet, but he felt nervous. What would his friends think? Would they understand? Though worried, Ricardo decided to try ballet. He thought that if he told his friends, they might make fun of him, so he chose to keep it a 4 . He signed up for lessons without telling anyone. As months passed, he got really into dance, and his ballet teacher praised the athletic skills he had gained from soccer. His strength and flexibility helped him improve, and each new step brought a rush of excitement. One day at soccer practice, his teammates noticed he was missing. “I saw Ricardo’s name on a ballet poster!” one of them said. They couldn’t wait to uncover the truth, so they decided to attend the show. On performance night, Ricardo was 5 . But when he saw his friends in the audience, he took a deep breath and focused on the music. As he danced, he poured his heart into every move. After the curtain fell, his friends rushed backstage to congratulate him. Their cheer filled the room, and warmth spread through him. At that moment, he realized that 6 his passion didn’t have to be embarrassing. With his friends’ support, he felt ready to explore every part of who he was. 1．A．forced B．lost C．froze D．avoided 2．A．sounds B．operations C．movements D．communications 3．A．mixed B．filled C．lost D．clouded 4．A．secret B．goal C．promise D．habit 5．A．surprised B．tired C．bored D．nervous 6．A．finding B．following C．sharing D．missing 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了里卡多是一名足球运动员，因一次偶然机会喜欢上了芭蕾，然后开始学芭蕾，得到朋友称赞的故事。 1．句意：但里卡多静静地坐着，强颜欢笑，试图融入其中，同时隐藏自己的真实感受。forced强迫；lost丢失；froze冻结；avoided避免。根据“trying to fit in while hiding his true feelings. As the star player on the soccer team, he wasn’t that into ballet”可知，他作为足球运动员不感兴趣，只能强迫自己微笑合群。故选A。 2．句意：他们流畅的动作和优美的姿势引起了他的注意。sounds声音；operations运营；movements动作；communications交流。根据“Their smooth … and beautiful poses (姿势) caught his attention.”可知，此处在描述舞台上的芭蕾舞演员的动作。故选C。 3．句意：那天晚上，当他躺在床上时，他无法停止想起那些舞者，他们的力量和优雅充满了他的脑海，给他留下了深刻的印象。mixed混合；filled填满；lost失去；clouded混淆。根据“he couldn’t stop thinking about the dancers”可知，他躺在床上，满脑子是芭蕾舞演员的身影。故选B。 4．句意：他觉得如果告诉他们，可能会被他们笑话，所以他选择了保密。secret秘密；goal目标；promise保证；habit习惯。根据“He thought that if he told his friends, they might make fun of him”可知，他怕朋友笑话他学芭蕾，所以他保守了这个秘密。故选A。 5．句意：演出之夜，里卡多很紧张。surprised惊讶的；tired疲惫的；bored无聊的；nervous紧张的。根据“But when he saw his friends in the audience, he took a deep breath and focused on the music.”可知，他很紧张。故选D。 6．句意：那一刻，他意识到追随自己的激情并不一定很尴尬。finding发现；following跟随；sharing分享；missing想念，错过。根据“After the curtain fell, his friends rushed backstage to congratulate him. Their cheer filled the room, and warmth spread through him.”可知，朋友们热情欢呼并祝贺他，此处指追随自己的激情。故选B。 $