专题02 选择性必修第一册Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理（期末复习知识清单）高二英语上学期沪教版

该高中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了必修第一册Unit 2 "Making a difference"的核心内容，涵盖词类转换、核心词汇、高频短语、重点句型、单元写作及题型训练六大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从词汇积累到语言运用再到写作输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过模块化分类与关联对比呈现知识体系，如词类转换模块“变出精彩，举一反三”帮助学生掌握词汇变形规律，易混词对比表清晰辨析preserve/protect/conserve等近义词用法，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特别设计单元写作通用表达与范文，提供议论文结构模板和话题词汇，搭配单词拼写、语法填空等题型训练，助力学生高效巩固知识，教师可直接用于课堂教学与课后辅导，提升教学实效。

专题02 必修第一册Unit 2 Making a difference 单元词汇短语句型梳理 1.predict v. 预言；预告→_______ n. 预言 2.preserve v. 保护；保存→_______ n. 保护 3.donate v. 捐赠→_______ n. 捐赠物；捐款 4.differ v. 有区别→_______ n. 差异→_______ adj. 不同的 5.protect v. 保护→_______ n. 保护→_______ adj. 保护的 6.develop v. 发展；开发→_______ n. 发展→_______ adj. 发达的 7.argue v. 争论；论证→_______ n. 论点；争论 8.contribute v. 贡献；捐献→_______ n. 贡献 9.educate v. 教育→_______ n. 教育→_______ adj. 教育的 10.conserve v. 节省；保护→_______ n. 保护 11.propose v. 提议→_______ n. 提议；建议 12.responsible adj. 负责的→_______ n. 责任 13.independent adj. 独立的→_______ n. 独立 14.attract v. 吸引→_______ n. 吸引力→_______ adj. 吸引人的 15.equal adj. 平等的→_______ n. 平等→_______ adv. 平等地 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.semicircle n. ________ 2.malaria n. ________ 3.victim n. ________ 4.relocate v. ________ 5.identity n. ________ 6.frustration n. ________ 7.advocate v. & n. ________ 8.recycle v. ________ 9.conservation n. ________ 10.habitat n. ________ 11.endangered adj. ________ 12.exploitation n. ________ 13.marathon n. ________ 14.sponsor n. & v. ________ 15.enthusiasm n. ________ 16.prefix n. ________ 17.campaign n. ________ 18.charity n. ________ 19.hygiene n. ________ 20.volunteer v. & n. ________ ( 清单清清单 0301 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) 词词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) 1.fall victim to ________ 2.die out ________ 3.take shelter from ________ 4.wash away ________ 5.come to an end ________ 6.take a close look at ________ 7.overflow with ________ 8.threaten...with ________ 9.preserve...as ________ 10.make a difference ________ 11.in harmony with ________ 12.raise awareness ________ 13.sign up for ________ 14.in response to ________ 15.in conclusion ________ 16.argue for ________ 17.take action ________ 18.in favour of ________ 19.due to ________ 20.focus on ________ ( 清单 04 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) ) 1.将来进行时核心用法 结构：________ 例句：Li Ming ________ in June.（李明六月份将完成高中学业。） 语境：________ 2.建议表达句型 I suggest providing more sports facilities so that ________.（我建议增设运动设施，让学生锻炼更方便。） From my perspective, the school needs to improve library services to ________.（在我看来，学校需要改善图书馆服务以满足学生的多样化需求。） It would be beneficial to build more green spaces in the community, as ________.（在社区建造更多绿地会很有益，因为它们能改善空气质量。） 3.议论文核心句型（支持慈善） My first reason for choosing WaterAid is that ________.（我选择水援助组织的首要原因是全球数百万人缺乏安全饮用水。） By supporting this charity, we can help reduce childhood deaths caused by water-related diseases, which ________.（支持该慈善机构，我们能减少与水相关疾病导致的儿童死亡，这是一项崇高的目标。） Some may argue that WWF is more influential, but ________.（有人可能认为世界自然基金会更有影响力，但水援助组织关注人类最基本的需求，值得我们支持。） 4.描述变化与影响句型 The Carteret Islands are being threatened by rising sea levels, so ________.（卡特里特群岛正受到海平面上升的威胁，因此岛民将不得不迁移到更安全的地区。） The Run for Charity event not only provides material help to poor children but also ________.（“为爱奔跑” 活动不仅为贫困儿童提供物质帮助，还激励他们勇敢面对挑战。） ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) 一、单元写作任务：写一篇支持慈善机构的议论文 本单元话题围绕 “产生影响” 展开，写作任务为针对学校拟捐赠 5000 元给慈善机构的场景，写一篇议论文，选择一个慈善机构并阐述支持理由。文章需观点明确，论据充分，逻辑清晰，语言正式得体。 二、通用表达（补全短语 / 句型） 1.话题词汇 (1) 慈善相关：charity（）、donate（）、fundraising（）、relief（）、volunteer（） (2) 论点相关：argue（）、convince（）、evidence（）、benefit（）、deserve（） (3) 社会问题相关：poverty（）、pollution（）、endangered（）、shortage（）、suffering（） (4) 行动相关：support（）、contribute（）、take action（）、make an effort（________） 2.话题句式 (1) 段首句 ① After careful consideration, I firmly believe that our school should donate the 5,000 yuan to ________.（经过深思熟虑，我坚信我们学校应该把 5000 元捐赠给地球之友组织。） ② When it comes to choosing a charity to support, I strongly advocate for UNICEF, as ________.（当谈到选择支持的慈善机构时，我强烈主张联合国儿童基金会，因为它在保护儿童权利方面发挥着至关重要的作用。） (2) 主体段落 ① The primary reason for my choice is that environmental pollution has become a global crisis, and ________.（我选择的主要原因是环境污染已成为全球危机，而地球之友组织致力于寻找解决方案。） ② Another compelling argument is that the charity supports fair trade and campaigns against climate change, which ________.（另一个令人信服的论点是，该慈善机构支持公平贸易并发起反对气候变化的运动，这与我们的未来密切相关。） ③ Unlike some large charities, Friends of the Earth focuses on practical projects that ________, such as cleaning up rivers and promoting renewable energy.（与一些大型慈善机构不同，地球之友组织专注于有即时效果的实际项目，如清理河流和推广可再生能源。） (3) 段尾句 ① In conclusion, donating to Friends of the Earth is a wise decision that ________.（总之，捐赠给地球之友组织是一个明智的决定，有助于保护我们的星球并造福后代。） ② I sincerely hope the school will consider my suggestion and ________.（我真诚希望学校能考虑我的建议，支持这个有意义的慈善机构。） ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1.The Carteret Islands are ________ (受害者) of global warming and rising sea levels. 2.We need to ________ (保护) traditional culture before it disappears. 3.The documentary ________ (提名) for Oscar has raised public awareness of climate change. 4.The islanders have to ________ (重新安置) to other areas due to frequent floods. 5.Her ________ (热情) for charity work inspired many young people to join in. 6.The ________ (疟疾) spread by mosquitoes has affected the health of local residents. 7.We should take ________ (行动) to reduce carbon emissions for environmental protection. 8.The ________ (合作) between different countries helps solve global problems. 9.The ________ (接力) race organized by the school raised funds for poor children. 10.The ________ (栖息地) of many endangered species is being destroyed by human activities. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.The ________ (develop) area has made great progress in recent years. 2.The ________ (commercial) of festivals has both advantages and disadvantages. 3.She is a strong ________ (advocate) of environmental protection and low-carbon life. 4.The ________ (effect) measures taken by the government improved air quality. 5.The ________ (relocate) families are gradually adapting to their new life. 6.His ________ (persuade) speech convinced many people to support the charity project. 7.The ________ (tradition) culture of the island is well worth preserving. 8.The ________ (environment) problem has become a global concern. 9.She made a ________ (significance) contribution to the development of education. 10.The ________ (volunteer) work experience made her more responsible. ( 题型 03 2 完成句子 ( 精彩句型，活学即用 ) ). 1.卡特里特群岛的居民正面临失去家园和文化的风险。 The residents of the Carteret Islands are ________ losing their homes and culture. 2.我们应该采取措施保护濒危物种，维护生态平衡。 We should take measures to protect endangered species and ________. 3.他从十岁起就一直在练习网球，明年将参加全国锦标赛。 He ________ tennis since he was ten years old and will take part in the national tournament next year. 4.慈善马拉松活动不仅筹集了资金，还激励了更多人帮助他人。 The charity marathon ________ but also inspired more people to help others. 5.随着城市化进程加快，许多传统习俗正在逐渐消失。 With the acceleration of urbanization, many traditional customs ________. 6.到明年这个时候，我们将已经完成这个环保项目。 By this time next year, we ________ this environmental protection project. 7.他建议学校应该提供更多志愿服务机会，培养学生的社会责任感。 He suggested that the school ________ more voluntary service opportunities to cultivate students' social responsibility. 8.这个岛屿以其晶莹剔透的海水和美丽的沙滩而闻名。 This island ________ its crystal clear waters and beautiful beaches. 9.只有通过共同努力，我们才能为后代创造更美好的世界。 Only by working together ________ a better world for future generations. 10.她决定放弃网球生涯，因为她想追求更多人生可能性。 She decided to ________ her tennis career because she wanted to pursue more life possibilities. 易混词 用法及例句 保护；保存（强调维持原样，不被破坏）例：We need to preserve traditional culture. 保护（强调采取措施抵御伤害）例：Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun. 节约；保护（侧重合理利用资源，避免浪费）例：We should conserve water and electricity. 影响（动词，主语多为物）例：Climate change affects all living things. 影响（动词时侧重潜移默化的影响；名词常用 have an influence on）例：Her parents influenced her decision to study abroad. 捐赠（直接接捐赠物或金钱，常用 donate sth to sb）例：He donated 1,000 yuan to the charity. 贡献（可接时间、精力、金钱等，常用 contribute to sth）例：Everyone should contribute to environmental protection. $ 专题02 必修第一册Unit 2 Making a difference 单元词汇短语句型梳理 ( 清单 01 词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) 1.predict v. 预言；预告→prediction n. 预言 2.preserve v. 保护；保存→preservation n. 保护 3.donate v. 捐赠→donation n. 捐赠物；捐款 4.differ v. 有区别→difference n. 差异→different adj. 不同的 5.protect v. 保护→protection n. 保护→protective adj. 保护的 6.develop v. 发展；开发→development n. 发展→developed adj. 发达的 7.argue v. 争论；论证→argument n. 论点；争论 8.contribute v. 贡献；捐献→contribution n. 贡献 9.educate v. 教育→education n. 教育→educational adj. 教育的 10.conserve v. 节省；保护→conservation n. 保护 11.propose v. 提议→proposal n. 提议；建议 12.responsible adj. 负责的→responsibility n. 责任 13.independent adj. 独立的→independence n. 独立 14.attract v. 吸引→attraction n. 吸引力→attractive adj. 吸引人的 15.equal adj. 平等的→equality n. 平等→equally adv. 平等地 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) 1.semicircle n. 半圆形 2.malaria n. 疟疾 3.victim n. 受害者；牺牲品 4.relocate v. 重新安置；迁移 5.identity n. 身份；特性 6.frustration n. 懊恼；沮丧 7.advocate v. 拥护；支持 n. 支持者 8.recycle v. 回收利用 9.conservation n. 保护；保存 10.habitat n. 栖息地 11.endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的 12.exploitation n. 剥削 13.marathon n. 马拉松赛跑 14.sponsor n. 赞助者 v. 赞助 15.enthusiasm n. 热情；热心 16.prefix n. 前缀 17.campaign n. 运动；活动 18.charity n. 慈善机构；慈善事业 19.hygiene n. 卫生 20.volunteer v. 自愿做 n. 志愿者 ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) ) 1.fall victim to 成为…… 的受害者 2.die out 灭绝；消失 3.take shelter from 躲避 4.wash away 冲走；冲垮 5.come to an end 结束 6.take a close look at 仔细观察 7.overflow with 充满 8.threaten...with 以…… 威胁 9.preserve...as 把…… 保存为 10.make a difference 有影响；起作用 11.in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处 12.raise awareness 提高意识 13.sign up for 报名参加 14.in response to 响应；作为…… 的回应 15.in conclusion 总之 16.argue for 支持；为…… 辩护 17.take action 采取行动 18.in favour of 支持；赞成 19.due to 由于；因为 20.focus on 关注；聚焦于 ( 清单 04 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) ) 1.将来进行时核心用法 结构：主语 + will be + 现在分词 例句：Li Ming will be finishing high school in June.（李明六月份将完成高中学业。） 语境：表将来某一时刻或时间段内正在进行的动作，或已安排的未来活动，强调持续性和计划性。 2.建议表达句型 I suggest providing more sports facilities so that students can exercise conveniently.（我建议增设运动设施，让学生锻炼更方便。） From my perspective, the school needs to improve library services to meet students’ diverse needs.（在我看来，学校需要改善图书馆服务以满足学生的多样化需求。） It would be beneficial to build more green spaces in the community, as they can improve air quality.（在社区建造更多绿地会很有益，因为它们能改善空气质量。） 3.议论文核心句型（支持慈善） My first reason for choosing WaterAid is that millions of people around the world lack access to safe drinking water.（我选择水援助组织的首要原因是全球数百万人缺乏安全饮用水。） By supporting this charity, we can help reduce childhood deaths caused by water-related diseases, which is a noble goal.（支持该慈善机构，我们能减少与水相关疾病导致的儿童死亡，这是一项崇高的目标。） Some may argue that WWF is more influential, but WaterAid focuses on the most basic human need and deserves our support.（有人可能认为世界自然基金会更有影响力，但水援助组织关注人类最基本的需求，值得我们支持。） 4.描述变化与影响句型 The Carteret Islands are being threatened by rising sea levels, so islanders will have to relocate to safer areas.（卡特里特群岛正受到海平面上升的威胁，因此岛民将不得不迁移到更安全的地区。） The Run for Charity event not only provides material help to poor children but also inspires them to face challenges bravely.（“为爱奔跑” 活动不仅为贫困儿童提供物质帮助，还激励他们勇敢面对挑战。） ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) 一、单元写作任务：写一篇支持慈善机构的议论文 本单元话题围绕 “产生影响” 展开，写作任务为针对学校拟捐赠 5000 元给慈善机构的场景，写一篇议论文，选择一个慈善机构并阐述支持理由。文章需观点明确，论据充分，逻辑清晰，语言正式得体。 二、通用表达 1.话题词汇 (1) 慈善相关：charity（慈善机构）、donate（捐赠）、fundraising（筹款）、relief（救济）、volunteer（志愿者） (2) 论点相关：argue（主张）、convince（使信服）、evidence（证据）、benefit（益处）、deserve（值得） (3) 社会问题相关：poverty（贫困）、pollution（污染）、endangered（濒临灭绝的）、shortage（短缺）、suffering（苦难） (4) 行动相关：support（支持）、contribute（贡献）、take action（采取行动）、make an effort（努力） 2.话题句式 (1) 段首句 ① After careful consideration, I firmly believe that our school should donate the 5,000 yuan to Friends of the Earth.（经过深思熟虑，我坚信我们学校应该把 5000 元捐赠给地球之友组织。） ② When it comes to choosing a charity to support, I strongly advocate for UNICEF, as it plays a vital role in protecting children’s rights.（当谈到选择支持的慈善机构时，我强烈主张联合国儿童基金会，因为它在保护儿童权利方面发挥着至关重要的作用。） (2) 主体段落 ① The primary reason for my choice is that environmental pollution has become a global crisis, and Friends of the Earth is dedicated to finding solutions.（我选择的主要原因是环境污染已成为全球危机，而地球之友组织致力于寻找解决方案。） ② Another compelling argument is that the charity supports fair trade and campaigns against climate change, which are closely related to our future.（另一个令人信服的论点是，该慈善机构支持公平贸易并发起反对气候变化的运动，这与我们的未来密切相关。） ③ Unlike some large charities, Friends of the Earth focuses on practical projects that have immediate effects, such as cleaning up rivers and promoting renewable energy.（与一些大型慈善机构不同，地球之友组织专注于有即时效果的实际项目，如清理河流和推广可再生能源。） (3) 段尾句 ① In conclusion, donating to Friends of the Earth is a wise decision that will help protect our planet and benefit future generations.（总之，捐赠给地球之友组织是一个明智的决定，有助于保护我们的星球并造福后代。） ② I sincerely hope the school will consider my suggestion and support this meaningful charity.（我真诚希望学校能考虑我的建议，支持这个有意义的慈善机构。） 三、范文背诵 Should We Support WaterAid or WWF? Our school is going to donate 5,000 yuan to a charity this year, and we are asked to choose between WaterAid and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). After researching both organizations, I am convinced that WaterAid is the more worthy choice, as it addresses the most basic human need and has a direct impact on people’s lives. First and foremost, safe and clean drinking water is a fundamental right that millions of people around the world are deprived of. According to WaterAid’s data, 884 million people do not have access to safe water, and 5,000 children die each day from water-related diseases. This is a shocking reality that demands immediate action. By supporting WaterAid, our donation will help build wells, improve hygiene facilities, and provide clean water to poor communities. Unlike WWF, which focuses on environmental protection, WaterAid targets a problem that threatens human survival directly—without clean water, no other development is possible. Another reason to choose WaterAid is that it empowers local communities to become self-sufficient. The charity does not just provide temporary relief; it helps communities set up and maintain their own water projects. This means that our donation will have a long-term impact. For example, WaterAid teaches people how to keep their water sources clean and how to use water efficiently, ensuring that the benefits last for years. In contrast, WWF’s projects often require large-scale funding and long-term efforts to see results, which may not be as immediate as WaterAid’s work. Some may argue that WWF is a larger and more influential charity, so it can make a bigger difference. However, this is precisely why WaterAid needs our support more. WWF receives nearly ten times more donations than WaterAid each year, while WaterAid struggles to meet the growing demand for clean water in poor countries. Our 5,000 yuan may seem small to WWF, but it can go a long way in helping WaterAid provide life-saving water to a village in Africa or Asia. In conclusion, WaterAid’s work is essential, urgent, and impactful. By donating to WaterAid, our school will be helping the world’s most vulnerable people meet their basic needs and build better lives. I strongly urge my teachers and classmates to support WaterAid and make a real difference to those in need. ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1.The Carteret Islands are victims (受害者) of global warming and rising sea levels. 2.We need to preserve (保护) traditional culture before it disappears. 3.The documentary nominated (提名) for Oscar has raised public awareness of climate change. 4.The islanders have to relocate (重新安置) to other areas due to frequent floods. 5.Her enthusiasm (热情) for charity work inspired many young people to join in. 6.The malaria (疟疾) spread by mosquitoes has affected the health of local residents. 7.We should take action (行动) to reduce carbon emissions for environmental protection. 8.The collaboration (合作) between different countries helps solve global problems. 9.The relay (接力) race organized by the school raised funds for poor children. 10.The habitat (栖息地) of many endangered species is being destroyed by human activities. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 1.The underdeveloped (develop) area has made great progress in recent years. 2.The commercialized (commercial) of festivals has both advantages and disadvantages. 3.She is a strong advocate (advocate) of environmental protection and low-carbon life. 4.The effective (effect) measures taken by the government improved air quality. 5.The relocated (relocate) families are gradually adapting to their new life. 6.His persuasive (persuade) speech convinced many people to support the charity project. 7.The traditional (tradition) culture of the island is well worth preserving. 8.The environmental (environment) problem has become a global concern. 9.She made a significant (significance) contribution to the development of education. 10.The voluntary (volunteer) work experience made her more responsible. ( 题型 03 2 完成句子 ( 精彩句型，活学即用 ) ) 1.卡特里特群岛的居民正面临失去家园和文化的风险。 The residents of the Carteret Islands are facing the risk of losing their homes and culture. 2.我们应该采取措施保护濒危物种，维护生态平衡。 We should take measures to protect endangered species and maintain ecological balance. 3.他从十岁起就一直在练习网球，明年将参加全国锦标赛。 He has been practicing tennis since he was ten years old and will take part in the national tournament next year. 4.慈善马拉松活动不仅筹集了资金，还激励了更多人帮助他人。 The charity marathon not only raised funds but also inspired more people to help others. 5.随着城市化进程加快，许多传统习俗正在逐渐消失。 With the acceleration of urbanization, many traditional customs are dying out. 6.到明年这个时候，我们将已经完成这个环保项目。 By this time next year, we will have completed this environmental protection project. 7.他建议学校应该提供更多志愿服务机会，培养学生的社会责任感。 He suggested that the school should provide more voluntary service opportunities to cultivate students' social responsibility. 8.这个岛屿以其晶莹剔透的海水和美丽的沙滩而闻名。 This island is famous for its crystal clear waters and beautiful beaches. 9.只有通过共同努力，我们才能为后代创造更美好的世界。 Only by working together can we create a better world for future generations. 10.她决定放弃网球生涯，因为她想追求更多人生可能性。 She decided to give up her tennis career because she wanted to pursue more life possibilities. 易混词 用法及例句 preserve v. 保护；保存（强调维持原样，不被破坏）例：We need to preserve traditional culture. protect v. 保护（强调采取措施抵御伤害）例：Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun. conserve v. 节约；保护（侧重合理利用资源，避免浪费）例：We should conserve water and electricity. affect v. 影响（动词，主语多为物）例：Climate change affects all living things. influence v./n. 影响（动词时侧重潜移默化的影响；名词常用 have an influence on）例：Her parents influenced her decision to study abroad. donate v. 捐赠（直接接捐赠物或金钱，常用 donate sth to sb）例：He donated 1,000 yuan to the charity. contribute v. 贡献（可接时间、精力、金钱等，常用 contribute to sth）例：Everyone should contribute to environmental protection. 学科网（北京）股份有限公3 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $