Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读理解10篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元语法词汇题型知识点练习（译林版2024）

Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读理解练习 单元话题：过去和现在，今昔对比，社会发展 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 If your hometown were to be pulled down one day, would you miss it? And what could you do for it? Huang Yongfu gave his answer. Huang and his wife lived in a village. After he stopped working in the 1970s, Huang had a lot of free time. He started painting lovely animals on the walls of his house for fun. Later, his neighbors asked him to paint their houses, too. His paintbrush brought a second “life” to the boring houses. In 1998, the village was to be pulled down because many villagers left. To save it, Huang decided to paint every street in the village. The old man covered every street, wall and door in the village with lovely colors. In 2010, some university students happened to pass by the village. They were struck by Huang’s cute artwork. These students then started the “Save Rainbow Village” campaign (运动). It was a success and the area became an art park. Huang himself began to be famous as Grandpa Rainbow. Now, Rainbow Village has become a famous place for tourists. It welcomes more than a million people every year. Grandpa Rainbow finally made his dream come true. He saved his village. Although Grandpa Rainbow left us on January 23, 2024, people will remember him forever. 1．What is the purpose of the two questions at the beginning of the passage? A．To find the answers. B．To surprise the readers. C．To lead into the story. D．To show the writer’s idea. 2．What do we know about Huang after he stopped working? A．He lived a colorful life. B．He showed his singing talent. C．He helped neighbors build houses. D．He brought animals into the village. 3．What does the underlined word “struck” in Para. 4 may mean? A．Stopped. B．Moved. C．Known. D．Challenged. 4．What did Huang do to stop the village from being pulled down? A．He turned it into a rainbow village. B．He talked with the leader of the city. C．He asked the university students for help. D．He started the “Save Rainbow Village” campaign. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Successful Campaign B．A Story Behind a Rainbow C．Grandpa Rainbow is Famous D．When a Village Meets Art 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了黄永福通过绘画将濒临拆除的村庄变成彩虹艺术村并成功拯救家乡的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章开头两问“If your hometown were to be pulled down one day, would you miss it? And what could you do for it? Huang Yongfu gave his answer.”（如果你的家乡有一天被拆除，你会想念它吗？你能为它做些什么？黄永福给出了他的答案。因此，这些问题是为了引出黄永福的故事。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Huang had a lot of free time… He started painting lovely animals on the walls… His paintbrush brought a second ‘life’ to the boring houses”可知，黄有很多空闲时间，他开始在墙上画可爱的动物，他的画笔为枯燥的房子带来了第二次“生命”。因此，他退休后通过绘画让生活变得多彩。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“They were struck by Huang’s cute artwork. These students then started the ‘Save Rainbow Village’ campaign.”可知，学生发起“拯救彩虹村”运动可推知他们被黄的作品感动，“struck”意为“感动”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“To save it, Huang decided to paint every street in the village. The old man covered every street, wall and door in the village with lovely colors.”可知，为了拯救村庄，黄决定画遍村里的每条街道，用鲜艳的色彩覆盖街道、墙壁和门。因此，他将村庄变成了彩虹村。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。本文讲述了黄永福通过绘画将濒临拆除的村庄变成彩虹艺术村并成功拯救家乡的故事，选项D“当村庄遇见艺术”最能概括主题。故选D。 Over the past fifty years, my hometown has changed a lot. In the past, there were only muddy roads and very few cars. People mostly walked or rode bicycles to get around. Now the roads are much wider and far busier than before, filled with cars, buses, and motorcycles day and night. The buildings have also changed. Fifty years ago, most buildings were short, simple, and made of brick or wood. Today, they are much taller and more modern, with glass and steel structures everywhere. The environment (环境) has changed too. The air was fresher and cleaner before, but now it is more polluted because of the growing number of factories and cars. However, people are trying to plant more trees and build parks to make the city greener and healthier. There are also more fun and convenient places now. We have a huge new shopping mall which is larger, brighter, and more exciting than the old market. Young people think life is more interesting and convenient now because there are more activities and things to do. But some old people still remember the past and say life was simpler, quieter, and more peaceful back then. 1．How did people mainly travel in the past? A．By car and bus. B．By motorcycle. C．By walking or bicycle. D．By train. 2．In the third paragraph, the underlined word “polluted” means: A．Fresh and clean. B．Dirty and harmful. C．Modern and convenient. D．Simple and peaceful. 3．Why do some old people prefer life in the past? A．Because there were more shopping malls. B．Because the air was cleaner and life was quieter. C．Because there were more factories and cars. D．Because buildings were taller and more modern. 4．What are people doing to improve the environment now? A．Building more factories. B．Making roads wider. C．Planting more trees and building parks. D．Driving more cars. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The hometown has not changed at all. B．The changes have only brought problems. C．The hometown has changed with both good and bad sides. D．Only young people like the changes. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者家乡过去50年的变化，包括交通、建筑、环境等方面的对比。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“People mostly walked or rode bicycles to get around.”可知，过去人们的主要出行方式是步行或骑自行车。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“The air was fresher and cleaner before, but now it is more polluted because of the growing number of factories and cars.”可知，前后句是转折关系，结合选项可推知，此处应表示以前的空气更清新、更干净，但现在由于工厂和汽车的增加，空气变得污浊且有害。因此，polluted意为dirty and harmful“肮脏且有害的”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“The air was fresher and cleaner before”和最后一段“But some old people still remember the past and say life was simpler, quieter, and more peaceful back then.”可推知，老人更喜欢过去的生活是因为那时的空气更干净，生活更宁静。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, people are trying to plant more trees and build parks to make the city greener and healthier.”可知，人们现在通过植树和建公园来改善环境。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。全文通过对比过去和现在的交通、建筑、环境等方面，说明家乡的变化既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面。因此，选项C“家乡的变化有好有坏”符合主旨。故选C。 My hometown is a small but beautiful town. I left my hometown ten years ago. Now, when I come back, I find that it has changed a lot. When I left, there were only a few small shops in my hometown. Now, there is a big supermarket in the south of the town. And there are different kinds of things in it. There is also a new hotel. There was a great park there before, but people cut down all the trees. It is a pity. In the north of the town, there is a town library. It was old and small ten years ago, but it is big and beautiful now. And there are more books and magazines in it. People in my town like to go there to read. There is also a new post office just across from my old school. In the centre of the town, there is the biggest change: people can’t drive there, but can only walk or ride bikes. There are also more flowers and trees in the town centre, and they are so beautiful. Another change is the number of new restaurants. There are more restaurants in my hometown. There is a new Chinese restaurant in the town centre and a new Thai restaurant near my home. I like the two restaurants very much! 1．In the past, there was ________ in the south of my hometown. A．a small shop B．a big supermarket C．a new hotel D．a great park 2．What does the underlined word “pity” probably mean in Chinese? A．遗憾 B．乐趣 C．骄傲 D．幸运 3．Which is right about the town library? A．It is in the centre of the town. B．People like to go there to read. C．It is across from my old school. D．It was big and beautiful ten years ago. 4．What is the biggest change in the centre of the town? A．There are more flowers and trees in the town centre. B．There are more new restaurants in the town centre. C．People can only go to the town centre by bike or on foot. D．There is a new Chinese restaurant. 5．Which is the best title for this passage? A．My hometown was beautiful. B．My hometown has changed a lot. C．I love my hometown very much. D．I left my hometown ten years ago. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者离开家乡十年后回到家乡，发现家乡发生了很大的变化，包括商店、酒店、图书馆、邮局、餐馆等方面的变化，以及镇中心禁止开车只能步行或骑自行车的规定。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When I left, there were only a few small shops in my hometown. Now, there is a big supermarket in the south of the town. There was a great park there before...”可知，过去在作者家乡的南边有一个很棒的公园。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“There was a great park there before, but people cut down all the trees. It is a pity.”可知，以前那里有一个很棒的公园，但是人们砍掉了所有的树，这是一件不好的事情，因此“pity”意为“遗憾”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In the north of the town, there is a town library...People in my town like to go there to read.”可知，镇图书馆在镇的北边，人们喜欢去那里读书。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In the centre of the town, there is the biggest change: people can’t drive there, but can only walk or ride bikes.”可知，镇中心最大的变化是人们不能开车去那里，只能步行或骑自行车。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据文章第一段“Now, when I come back, I find that it has changed a lot.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者家乡发生的很大变化。因此，最佳标题为“My hometown has changed a lot”。故选B。 The other day Roy Price went “home” to his sister’s house. It’s her home now, but it’s also the house he was born in. Pat, his sister hugged him and said, “You haven’t changed much, Roy. Let me see, now—when did we meet last?” “Twenty-five years ago,” he answered. “I came here for a week, do you remember? And I was thirty then.” He added, “You haven’t changed much either.” It was polite for Roy to say so, but it wasn’t true. His sister seemed almost an old lady. The next morning Roy walked through the village alone. The place looked very different. There were lots of traffic signs on the roads and beside the roads. There was a new car park, a new post office and a new bus stop. The railway station was gone! The school was gone. A lot of farm machinery stood in the playground! But Roy’s biggest surprise was the people. He didn’t recognize anybody at all; perhaps because everyone seemed old. He went into the post office and bought some stamps. “Where are all the children and young people?” he asked the postmaster. The old man looked up from his book of stamps. “Children?” he said. “They’re in school, of course. The children have gone to school by bus—to Horham.” Horham was a town about twenty kilometres away. At lunch Pat said, “The village looks nice, doesn’t it?” “It’s all different, Pat. It used to be an exciting place, but now it’s full of old people. I don’t understand...” 1．Roy and his sister Pat hadn’t seen each other ________. A．for a week B．for 25 years C．since Roy was born D．since Pat was born 2．In fact Roy’s sister was ________ when they talked. A．as young as before B．still a little girl C．only 25 years old D．almost an old lady 3．Roy found the village was ________. A．the same as before B．quite different from before C．still very poor D．as exciting as before 4．Roy’s greatest surprise was ________. A．the people B．that the railway station was gone C．that the school was gone D．farm machinery stood in the playground 5．Roy didn’t recognize anybody at all perhaps because ________. A．the people of the village were all newcomers B．he only knew the old man in the post office C．they had become much older than before D．the people he knew had gone to school 6．From the passage, we know that ________. A．Horham was the name of the village B．there was no school in the village before C．the children whom Roy knew had gone to school by bus D．there were many old people in the village 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Roy回到他出生的村庄探望妹妹Pat，发现村庄和居民发生了巨大变化的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“when did we meet last?”以及“Twenty-five years ago”可知，Roy和妹妹Pat上次见面是25年前。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It was polite for Roy to say so, but it wasn’t true. His sister seemed almost an old lady.”可知，Pat实际上已经像一位老太太了。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“The place looked very different.”以及“It’s all different, Pat. It used to be an exciting place, but now it’s full of old people.”可知，村庄与以前完全不同。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“But Roy’s biggest surprise was the people.”可知，Roy最大的惊讶是村里的人。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“He didn’t recognize anybody at all; perhaps because everyone seemed old.”可知，Roy认不出村民是因为他们变老了。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据“He didn’t recognize anybody at all; perhaps because everyone seemed old.”以及“but now it’s full of old people.”可知，村里有许多老人。故选D。 Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2．Why do people say nothing face to face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy in looking at their phones. 3．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了怀特先生抱怨事物变化得快，他常说过去生活得更好。 1．细节理解题。根据“He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days.”可知，怀特先生认为现在的生活不如以前的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite to them during the meal.”可知，人们吃饭时面对面什么也不说是因为他们忙着看手机。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生是对他的孙子生气，不是对老师生气。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可推知，怀特先生很担心他的孙子。故选C。 Now students spend their summer vacation doing many kinds of things, but things were different twenty years ago. In the past, students usually spent their summer vacation helping their parents do housework. There was more than one child in one family, so the older brothers or sisters usually had to take care of the younger brothers or sisters because their parents had to go to work and had no time to look after them. Usually, students had a little homework, so they didn’t have much stress (压力). Some students in the countryside often went to climb the mountains, swam or went fishing with their friends during their summer vacation, but they hardly ever went far away. Things are different now. Students have better living conditions now, and they don’t have to do much housework. Most parents often take their children to visit some big cities or go sightseeing. Students can go to many places of great interest, They can also visit their relatives far from them. They can easily take a bus or a high-speed train or even a plane. Most families can afford (负担得起) it. I think students today can enjoy themselves and they are luckier. 1．What did students usually do during their summer vacation twenty years ago? A．They went traveling to big cities. B．They played computer games at home. C．They helped their parents do housework. D．They took part in all kinds of courses. 2．Why did older brothers or sisters take care of younger ones in the past? A．Because younger children liked staying with older ones. B．Because their parents were too busy with work. C．Because it was the rule in the family. D．Because schools asked them to do so. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．What students’ life was like in the past. B．How students spend summer vacations now. C．Why students have to do housework today. D．Why students have more stress now. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 【导语】本文对比了二十年前和现在学生的暑假生活：过去学生多帮父母做家务、照顾弟妹，作业少压力小，娱乐活动多在本地；现在学生生活条件改善，无需多做家务，父母常带他们去大城市旅游或探亲，出行方式便捷，能享受更多乐趣。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In the past, students usually spent their summer vacation helping their parents do housework”可知，二十年前学生暑假通常“帮父母做家务”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“because their parents had to go to work and had no time to look after them”可知，父母“忙于工作没时间照顾弟妹”，因此哥哥姐姐要承担照顾责任。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。第三段开篇点明“现在情况不同了”，随后围绕“学生无需多做家务、父母带他们旅游探亲、出行方式便捷”等内容，详细描述了“现在学生的暑假生活”。故选B。 Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2．Why do people say nothing face-to-face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy looking at their phones. 3．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了怀特先生对当下生活变化的感慨与看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days”可知，怀特先生认为过去的生活比现在好，即现在的生活比过去差。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal.”可知，人们在餐厅吃饭时不面对面交谈是因为他们忙着看手机。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生是对他的孙子生气，而不是对老师生气，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生的孙子又考试不及格，他非常生气，由此可推测出他很担心他的孙子。故选C。 2025 is the 47th year of China’s reform and opening-up (改革开放). People’s lives have greatly changed during these years. Now let’s see what the four people say about the changes. Xu Zhenhe, 57, BeijingI bought my first camera in 1998 in Beijing. It was made in Japan. At that time, you could only buy things from other countries in special stores. After taking photos, you had to develop the film (胶卷) to get photos. It cost 15 yuan to develop a roll of film. But I only made 500 yuan for a month Xu Zhaolin, 25, BeijingCamera weren’t common in my father’s time, but now we can buy all kinds of cameras online both from home and abroad. Actually, most of the time, the phone cameras are good enough for us to take photos. So expensive cameras are no longer necessary. Huang Kunrong, 72, SichuanWhen I was a kid, we had to use liangpiao to buy rice, oil, salt and so on. Each person could only get a set number of (定量) them each month. Sometimes people didn’t have enough rice to eat, so they could only eat the stored (存储的) food like sweet potatoes. Xiao Yao, 14, SichuanCompared with my grandma, we are leading a much better life now. We can enjoy different kinds of food every day. For us, liangpiao has become history. And we don’t even need paper money. Instead, we use our phones to pay. It’s quite convenient! 1．Xu Zhenhe bought his first camera ________. A．in an online store B．in a Japanese store C．in a store in Sichuan D．in a special store in Beijing 2．What can we infer (推断) from Xu Zhaolin’s words? A．Phone cameras are as good as expensive cameras. B．Expensive cameras will disappear from the market. C．The technology for making cameras has gotten worse. D．Phone cameras have reduced the need for expensive cameras. 3．What was life like when Huang Kunrong was a kid? A．People mainly ate sweet potatoes. B．People didn’t have stored food at home. C．People needed liangpiao to buy daily food. D．People could buy as much food as they wanted. 4．Why does Xiao Yao think life is better now? A．Because they can enjoy different food every day. B．Because they don’t have to use paper money. C．Because they can use phones to take photos. D．Because they can buy food easily in stores. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过四位不同年龄段的人讲述自己生活中的变化，展现中国改革开放47年来人们生活的巨大改变。 1．细节理解题。根据“Xu Zhenhe, 57, Beijing I bought my first camera in 1998 in Beijing. It was made in Japan. At that time, you could only buy things from other countries in special stores.”可知，徐振和在北京市的一家特殊商店买了他的第一台相机。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Xu Zhaolin, 25, Beijing … Actually, most of the time, the phone cameras are good enough for us to take photos. So expensive cameras are no longer necessary.”可知，手机相机降低了对昂贵相机的需求。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Huang Kunrong, 72, Sichuan When I was a kid, we had to use liangpiao to buy rice, oil, salt and so on.”可知，黄坤荣小时候人们需要用粮票买日常食物。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Xiao Yao, 14, Sichuan Compared with my grandma, we are leading a much better life now. We can enjoy different kinds of food every day.”可知，肖瑶认为现在生活更好是因为每天能享用不同种类的食物。故选A。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 While the dream of most university graduates is to start a successful career in a big city, more and more young people are choosing to stay in their own hometowns so they can stay with their family and friends. For some young people, it is also a matter of improving life quality for other people in their hometowns. Besides, they also have an idea to improve the natural and economic environments in their hometowns for future generations. Li Dan, born in a small village in Southwest China, found that returning home to work in agriculture (农业) could bring her both challenges and a good life. Unlike most of her classmates who chose to work in big cities after graduation, she returned to her village and started her own fruit - growing business. Working hard over the last several years, and taking advantage of new technology and the Internet, she even started agritourism (农业旅游). Now her company makes 6 million yuan yearly and has created more than 50 new jobs. Her success has helped reduce poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village. The Chinese government knows agriculture remains important and young graduates can help come up with better ways to grow crops and develop new creative farming methods by using modern technology. To support these young people, the government offers bank loans (银行贷款) and helpful policies, which are having a positive effect. “Life in big cities is not all it’s cracked up to be”, said Zhang Tao, from Binchuan county in Yunnan Province, “The air is not so fresh, the traffic is terrible, and it is not easy to make a proper living”, he explained. However, what life in one’s hometown offers is a strong supporting network. More importantly, this network is also a good helper for starting new agricultural businesses. Thus, it is no surprise that more new graduates are now attracted to live in the countryside, where they can both achieve their personal dreams and build better hometowns. 1．What is the main change among young university graduates according to the passage? A．Most of them still prefer to work in big cities. B．An increasing number of them are choosing to stay in their hometowns. C．They are generally dissatisfied with the living conditions in big cities. D．They believe that agricultural work is the best career choice. 2．Why does the passage mention Li Dan’s story? A．To show that agriculture is a business to make lots of money. B．To prove that university graduates cannot succeed in big cities. C．To provide an example of how personal efforts can help local development. D．To show that agritourism is the future of agriculture. 3．Why does Zhang Tao believe more graduates are attracted to live in the countryside? A．The countryside offers better career opportunities than cities. B．The strong support network in hometowns helps new businesses succeed easily. C．Graduates prefer the natural environment of the countryside over the pollution in cities. D．The jobs offered in big cities are becoming less popular. 4．According to the passage, what advantage can returning university graduates bring to their hometowns? A．It can lead to a big increase in city populations. B．It can help reduce poverty and improve the local economy. C．It can reduce the need for modern technology in farming. D．It can ensure that all graduates become successful business men. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文探讨大学毕业生就业选择的变化趋势——越来越多年轻人选择返乡而非留在大城市。通过李丹的成功案例和政府政策支持，说明返乡创业既能实现个人价值，又能带动家乡经济发展、改善民生。最后引用张涛的观点，强调家乡的人际网络支持对创业的重要作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“While the dream of most university graduates is to start a successful career in a big city, more and more young people are choosing to stay in their own hometowns”可知，年轻大学生主要的改变在于越来越多的他们正选择回到家乡工作。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Li Dan, born in a small village in Southwest China, found... helped reduce poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village.”可知，李丹的案例中，她通过个人努力 (创业、运用技术) 带动家乡经济 (创造就业、减少贫困)，故推测出文中提及李丹的案例，是为了提供一个靠个人力量如何帮助当地发展的例子。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, what life in one’s hometown offers is a strong supporting network. More importantly, this network is also a good helper for starting new agricultural businesses.”可知，张涛认为更多毕业生被吸引到农村工作是因为家乡提供强大的支持网络，助力创业。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Her success has helped reduce poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village.”以及第三段“The Chinese government knows agriculture remains important and young graduates can help come up with better ways to grow crops and develop new creative farming methods by using modern technology.”可知，大学生返乡就业的优势是推动农业和经济发展。故选B。 In China, group-buying is becoming more and more popular. Pinduoduo was built on group-buying. The company offered low prices to “team” of online buyers, encouraging customers to invite friends and families to buy together. Now, another form has come: community group-buying. Community group-buying allow a group of people in the same community to get low prices by buying together. In March 2020, the company started its own community group-buying platform (平台) Kuaituantuan. On July 7th, another Chinese company Meituan set up a community group-buying platform called Youxuan, which means “best pick”. The platform sells fresh food, including fruits and vegetables. As of July 27th, the service had begun in several cities around the country. The community group-buying focuses on a group of people living in the same community. Meituan’s Youxuan chooses a leader from these communities. Then he creates a WeChat group and starts posting product links (链接) for people of his or her community. The links guide customers to Youxuan’s WeChat Mini Program to place their orders. The community group-buying not only ends up being cheaper for buyers but the platforms. It can allow people who live close to one another to order together. This leads to higher efficiency (效率) and lower costs for the platforms. It also allows buyer to order in large number and take products home by themselves instead of employing (雇佣) many men to send products. Actually, this way can build trust among shoppers who are looking for healthy products. Community group-buying also allows customers to show their care about products they have bought more easily. 1．When did the platform Kuaituantuan set up? A．In March 2020. B．On July 7th, 2020. C．On July 27th, 2020. D．In March 2021. 2．What can we know from the second paragraph? A．Community group-buying is becoming more and more popular. B．Community group-buying has already taken place of the stores. C．Community group-buying offers the best products to customers. D．Community group-buying touches every corner of communities. 3．How does the community group-buying work? Choose the right order. A．Create a WeChat group→Choose a leader→Post·product links→Place orders B．Post product links→Choose a leader→Create a WeChat group→Place orders C．Choose a leader→Create a WeChat group→Post product links→Place orders D．Create a WeChat group→Post product links→Place orders→Choose a leader 4．Which of the following is TRUE about the community group-buying? A．It ends up being expensive for buyers and the platforms. B．It allows buyers to order in small number all the time. C．It can build trust among shoppers looking for healthy goods. D．It allows people who live far away from one another to order together. 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．The influence of the community group-buying. B．The suggestions to the community group-buying. C．The advantages of the community group-buying. D．The development of the community group-buying. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国社区团购的兴起、运作方式及其优势。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“In March 2020, the company started its own community group-buying platform (平台) Kuaituantuan.”可知，快团团成立于2020年3月。故选A。 2．推理判断题。通读本段可知，多家公司创立团购平台，结合“As of July 27th, the service had begun in several cities around the country.”可推知，社区团购正变得越来越流行。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Meituan’s Youxuan chooses a leader...place their orders.”可知，团购的流程为美团优选从社区中选出一名团长，团长创建微信群并发布商品链接，引导用户下单。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Actually, this way can build trust among shoppers who are looking for healthy products.”可知，实际上这种方式可以建立寻求健康产品的消费者之间的信任。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕社区团购的兴起、运作模式及优势展开，重点描述其发展过程。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读理解练习 单元话题：过去和现在，今昔对比，社会发展 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 If your hometown were to be pulled down one day, would you miss it? And what could you do for it? Huang Yongfu gave his answer. Huang and his wife lived in a village. After he stopped working in the 1970s, Huang had a lot of free time. He started painting lovely animals on the walls of his house for fun. Later, his neighbors asked him to paint their houses, too. His paintbrush brought a second “life” to the boring houses. In 1998, the village was to be pulled down because many villagers left. To save it, Huang decided to paint every street in the village. The old man covered every street, wall and door in the village with lovely colors. In 2010, some university students happened to pass by the village. They were struck by Huang’s cute artwork. These students then started the “Save Rainbow Village” campaign (运动). It was a success and the area became an art park. Huang himself began to be famous as Grandpa Rainbow. Now, Rainbow Village has become a famous place for tourists. It welcomes more than a million people every year. Grandpa Rainbow finally made his dream come true. He saved his village. Although Grandpa Rainbow left us on January 23, 2024, people will remember him forever. 1．What is the purpose of the two questions at the beginning of the passage? A．To find the answers. B．To surprise the readers. C．To lead into the story. D．To show the writer’s idea. 2．What do we know about Huang after he stopped working? A．He lived a colorful life. B．He showed his singing talent. C．He helped neighbors build houses. D．He brought animals into the village. 3．What does the underlined word “struck” in Para. 4 may mean? A．Stopped. B．Moved. C．Known. D．Challenged. 4．What did Huang do to stop the village from being pulled down? A．He turned it into a rainbow village. B．He talked with the leader of the city. C．He asked the university students for help. D．He started the “Save Rainbow Village” campaign. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Successful Campaign B．A Story Behind a Rainbow C．Grandpa Rainbow is Famous D．When a Village Meets Art Over the past fifty years, my hometown has changed a lot. In the past, there were only muddy roads and very few cars. People mostly walked or rode bicycles to get around. Now the roads are much wider and far busier than before, filled with cars, buses, and motorcycles day and night. The buildings have also changed. Fifty years ago, most buildings were short, simple, and made of brick or wood. Today, they are much taller and more modern, with glass and steel structures everywhere. The environment (环境) has changed too. The air was fresher and cleaner before, but now it is more polluted because of the growing number of factories and cars. However, people are trying to plant more trees and build parks to make the city greener and healthier. There are also more fun and convenient places now. We have a huge new shopping mall which is larger, brighter, and more exciting than the old market. Young people think life is more interesting and convenient now because there are more activities and things to do. But some old people still remember the past and say life was simpler, quieter, and more peaceful back then. 1．How did people mainly travel in the past? A．By car and bus. B．By motorcycle. C．By walking or bicycle. D．By train. 2．In the third paragraph, the underlined word “polluted” means: A．Fresh and clean. B．Dirty and harmful. C．Modern and convenient. D．Simple and peaceful. 3．Why do some old people prefer life in the past? A．Because there were more shopping malls. B．Because the air was cleaner and life was quieter. C．Because there were more factories and cars. D．Because buildings were taller and more modern. 4．What are people doing to improve the environment now? A．Building more factories. B．Making roads wider. C．Planting more trees and building parks. D．Driving more cars. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The hometown has not changed at all. B．The changes have only brought problems. C．The hometown has changed with both good and bad sides. D．Only young people like the changes. My hometown is a small but beautiful town. I left my hometown ten years ago. Now, when I come back, I find that it has changed a lot. When I left, there were only a few small shops in my hometown. Now, there is a big supermarket in the south of the town. And there are different kinds of things in it. There is also a new hotel. There was a great park there before, but people cut down all the trees. It is a pity. In the north of the town, there is a town library. It was old and small ten years ago, but it is big and beautiful now. And there are more books and magazines in it. People in my town like to go there to read. There is also a new post office just across from my old school. In the centre of the town, there is the biggest change: people can’t drive there, but can only walk or ride bikes. There are also more flowers and trees in the town centre, and they are so beautiful. Another change is the number of new restaurants. There are more restaurants in my hometown. There is a new Chinese restaurant in the town centre and a new Thai restaurant near my home. I like the two restaurants very much! 1．In the past, there was ________ in the south of my hometown. A．a small shop B．a big supermarket C．a new hotel D．a great park 2．What does the underlined word “pity” probably mean in Chinese? A．遗憾 B．乐趣 C．骄傲 D．幸运 3．Which is right about the town library? A．It is in the centre of the town. B．People like to go there to read. C．It is across from my old school. D．It was big and beautiful ten years ago. 4．What is the biggest change in the centre of the town? A．There are more flowers and trees in the town centre. B．There are more new restaurants in the town centre. C．People can only go to the town centre by bike or on foot. D．There is a new Chinese restaurant. 5．Which is the best title for this passage? A．My hometown was beautiful. B．My hometown has changed a lot. C．I love my hometown very much. D．I left my hometown ten years ago. The other day Roy Price went “home” to his sister’s house. It’s her home now, but it’s also the house he was born in. Pat, his sister hugged him and said, “You haven’t changed much, Roy. Let me see, now—when did we meet last?” “Twenty-five years ago,” he answered. “I came here for a week, do you remember? And I was thirty then.” He added, “You haven’t changed much either.” It was polite for Roy to say so, but it wasn’t true. His sister seemed almost an old lady. The next morning Roy walked through the village alone. The place looked very different. There were lots of traffic signs on the roads and beside the roads. There was a new car park, a new post office and a new bus stop. The railway station was gone! The school was gone. A lot of farm machinery stood in the playground! But Roy’s biggest surprise was the people. He didn’t recognize anybody at all; perhaps because everyone seemed old. He went into the post office and bought some stamps. “Where are all the children and young people?” he asked the postmaster. The old man looked up from his book of stamps. “Children?” he said. “They’re in school, of course. The children have gone to school by bus—to Horham.” Horham was a town about twenty kilometres away. At lunch Pat said, “The village looks nice, doesn’t it?” “It’s all different, Pat. It used to be an exciting place, but now it’s full of old people. I don’t understand...” 1．Roy and his sister Pat hadn’t seen each other ________. A．for a week B．for 25 years C．since Roy was born D．since Pat was born 2．In fact Roy’s sister was ________ when they talked. A．as young as before B．still a little girl C．only 25 years old D．almost an old lady 3．Roy found the village was ________. A．the same as before B．quite different from before C．still very poor D．as exciting as before 4．Roy’s greatest surprise was ________. A．the people B．that the railway station was gone C．that the school was gone D．farm machinery stood in the playground 5．Roy didn’t recognize anybody at all perhaps because ________. A．the people of the village were all newcomers B．he only knew the old man in the post office C．they had become much older than before D．the people he knew had gone to school 6．From the passage, we know that ________. A．Horham was the name of the village B．there was no school in the village before C．the children whom Roy knew had gone to school by bus D．there were many old people in the village Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2．Why do people say nothing face to face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy in looking at their phones. 3．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. Now students spend their summer vacation doing many kinds of things, but things were different twenty years ago. In the past, students usually spent their summer vacation helping their parents do housework. There was more than one child in one family, so the older brothers or sisters usually had to take care of the younger brothers or sisters because their parents had to go to work and had no time to look after them. Usually, students had a little homework, so they didn’t have much stress (压力). Some students in the countryside often went to climb the mountains, swam or went fishing with their friends during their summer vacation, but they hardly ever went far away. Things are different now. Students have better living conditions now, and they don’t have to do much housework. Most parents often take their children to visit some big cities or go sightseeing. Students can go to many places of great interest, They can also visit their relatives far from them. They can easily take a bus or a high-speed train or even a plane. Most families can afford (负担得起) it. I think students today can enjoy themselves and they are luckier. 1．What did students usually do during their summer vacation twenty years ago? A．They went traveling to big cities. B．They played computer games at home. C．They helped their parents do housework. D．They took part in all kinds of courses. 2．Why did older brothers or sisters take care of younger ones in the past? A．Because younger children liked staying with older ones. B．Because their parents were too busy with work. C．Because it was the rule in the family. D．Because schools asked them to do so. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．What students’ life was like in the past. B．How students spend summer vacations now. C．Why students have to do housework today. D．Why students have more stress now. Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2．Why do people say nothing face-to-face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy looking at their phones. 3．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. 2025 is the 47th year of China’s reform and opening-up (改革开放). People’s lives have greatly changed during these years. Now let’s see what the four people say about the changes. Xu Zhenhe, 57, BeijingI bought my first camera in 1998 in Beijing. It was made in Japan. At that time, you could only buy things from other countries in special stores. After taking photos, you had to develop the film (胶卷) to get photos. It cost 15 yuan to develop a roll of film. But I only made 500 yuan for a month Xu Zhaolin, 25, BeijingCamera weren’t common in my father’s time, but now we can buy all kinds of cameras online both from home and abroad. Actually, most of the time, the phone cameras are good enough for us to take photos. So expensive cameras are no longer necessary. Huang Kunrong, 72, SichuanWhen I was a kid, we had to use liangpiao to buy rice, oil, salt and so on. Each person could only get a set number of (定量) them each month. Sometimes people didn’t have enough rice to eat, so they could only eat the stored (存储的) food like sweet potatoes. Xiao Yao, 14, SichuanCompared with my grandma, we are leading a much better life now. We can enjoy different kinds of food every day. For us, liangpiao has become history. And we don’t even need paper money. Instead, we use our phones to pay. It’s quite convenient! 1．Xu Zhenhe bought his first camera ________. A．in an online store B．in a Japanese store C．in a store in Sichuan D．in a special store in Beijing 2．What can we infer (推断) from Xu Zhaolin’s words? A．Phone cameras are as good as expensive cameras. B．Expensive cameras will disappear from the market. C．The technology for making cameras has gotten worse. D．Phone cameras have reduced the need for expensive cameras. 3．What was life like when Huang Kunrong was a kid? A．People mainly ate sweet potatoes. B．People didn’t have stored food at home. C．People needed liangpiao to buy daily food. D．People could buy as much food as they wanted. 4．Why does Xiao Yao think life is better now? A．Because they can enjoy different food every day. B．Because they don’t have to use paper money. C．Because they can use phones to take photos. D．Because they can buy food easily in stores. ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 While the dream of most university graduates is to start a successful career in a big city, more and more young people are choosing to stay in their own hometowns so they can stay with their family and friends. For some young people, it is also a matter of improving life quality for other people in their hometowns. Besides, they also have an idea to improve the natural and economic environments in their hometowns for future generations. Li Dan, born in a small village in Southwest China, found that returning home to work in agriculture (农业) could bring her both challenges and a good life. Unlike most of her classmates who chose to work in big cities after graduation, she returned to her village and started her own fruit - growing business. Working hard over the last several years, and taking advantage of new technology and the Internet, she even started agritourism (农业旅游). Now her company makes 6 million yuan yearly and has created more than 50 new jobs. Her success has helped reduce poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village. The Chinese government knows agriculture remains important and young graduates can help come up with better ways to grow crops and develop new creative farming methods by using modern technology. To support these young people, the government offers bank loans (银行贷款) and helpful policies, which are having a positive effect. “Life in big cities is not all it’s cracked up to be”, said Zhang Tao, from Binchuan county in Yunnan Province, “The air is not so fresh, the traffic is terrible, and it is not easy to make a proper living”, he explained. However, what life in one’s hometown offers is a strong supporting network. More importantly, this network is also a good helper for starting new agricultural businesses. Thus, it is no surprise that more new graduates are now attracted to live in the countryside, where they can both achieve their personal dreams and build better hometowns. 1．What is the main change among young university graduates according to the passage? A．Most of them still prefer to work in big cities. B．An increasing number of them are choosing to stay in their hometowns. C．They are generally dissatisfied with the living conditions in big cities. D．They believe that agricultural work is the best career choice. 2．Why does the passage mention Li Dan’s story? A．To show that agriculture is a business to make lots of money. B．To prove that university graduates cannot succeed in big cities. C．To provide an example of how personal efforts can help local development. D．To show that agritourism is the future of agriculture. 3．Why does Zhang Tao believe more graduates are attracted to live in the countryside? A．The countryside offers better career opportunities than cities. B．The strong support network in hometowns helps new businesses succeed easily. C．Graduates prefer the natural environment of the countryside over the pollution in cities. D．The jobs offered in big cities are becoming less popular. 4．According to the passage, what advantage can returning university graduates bring to their hometowns? A．It can lead to a big increase in city populations. B．It can help reduce poverty and improve the local economy. C．It can reduce the need for modern technology in farming. D．It can ensure that all graduates become successful business men. In China, group-buying is becoming more and more popular. Pinduoduo was built on group-buying. The company offered low prices to “team” of online buyers, encouraging customers to invite friends and families to buy together. Now, another form has come: community group-buying. Community group-buying allow a group of people in the same community to get low prices by buying together. In March 2020, the company started its own community group-buying platform (平台) Kuaituantuan. On July 7th, another Chinese company Meituan set up a community group-buying platform called Youxuan, which means “best pick”. The platform sells fresh food, including fruits and vegetables. As of July 27th, the service had begun in several cities around the country. The community group-buying focuses on a group of people living in the same community. Meituan’s Youxuan chooses a leader from these communities. Then he creates a WeChat group and starts posting product links (链接) for people of his or her community. The links guide customers to Youxuan’s WeChat Mini Program to place their orders. The community group-buying not only ends up being cheaper for buyers but the platforms. It can allow people who live close to one another to order together. This leads to higher efficiency (效率) and lower costs for the platforms. It also allows buyer to order in large number and take products home by themselves instead of employing (雇佣) many men to send products. Actually, this way can build trust among shoppers who are looking for healthy products. Community group-buying also allows customers to show their care about products they have bought more easily. 1．When did the platform Kuaituantuan set up? A．In March 2020. B．On July 7th, 2020. C．On July 27th, 2020. D．In March 2021. 2．What can we know from the second paragraph? A．Community group-buying is becoming more and more popular. B．Community group-buying has already taken place of the stores. C．Community group-buying offers the best products to customers. D．Community group-buying touches every corner of communities. 3．How does the community group-buying work? Choose the right order. A．Create a WeChat group→Choose a leader→Post·product links→Place orders B．Post product links→Choose a leader→Create a WeChat group→Place orders C．Choose a leader→Create a WeChat group→Post product links→Place orders D．Create a WeChat group→Post product links→Place orders→Choose a leader 4．Which of the following is TRUE about the community group-buying? A．It ends up being expensive for buyers and the platforms. B．It allows buyers to order in small number all the time. C．It can build trust among shoppers looking for healthy goods. D．It allows people who live far away from one another to order together. 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．The influence of the community group-buying. B．The suggestions to the community group-buying. C．The advantages of the community group-buying. D．The development of the community group-buying. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $