寒假作业04 现在进行时、现在完成时的被动语态（巩固培优）高一英语译林版

限时练习：45min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业04 现在进行时、现在完成时的被动语态 知识点01 现在进行时的被动语态 结构 肯定式 主语＋am/is/are＋being done 否定式 主语＋am/is/are＋not being done 一般疑问式 Am/Is/Are (not)＋主语＋being done？ 特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词＋am/is/are (not)＋主语＋being done？ 用法 1．表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用now，at the moment等时间状语。 What do you know is being done in your neighbourhood to protect animals and plants? 你知道你的社区里正在做什么来保护动植物吗？ 2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。 His son is being trained to take control of the family business. 他的儿子正在被培养接管家族企业。 3．表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always，constantly，often等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩。 I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken.我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。 知识点02 现在完成时的被动语态 结构 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done？ 用法 1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。 He has been given the appointment as director of the project. 他已被任命为该项目的主管。 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...？”句式中。 Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours. 公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。 How long has this film been shown? 这部电影已经放映多长时间了？ 3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished. 在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 1、 单句填空 1．Now we are not allowed to touch it. It (repair) by a friend of my father’s. 2．A new library (build) in our community now, and it is expected to be completed next year. 3．A new bridge (be) being built over the river. 4．A new subway line (construct) at this moment downtown, which is expected to ease the severe traffic congestion. 5．Now many species of wildlife (threaten) by climate change, leading to a loss of biodiversity. 6．I (treat) at the hospital now, so I cannot go to the cinema at present. 7．Much progress (make) in science and technology in China. 8．The sports meeting (hold) in our school at present. 9．Some animals (protect) well enough now. 10．These large animals (kill) illegally for their body parts that are considered valuable. 二、单项选择 1．The new policy ______ carefully by the management team at the moment, and its final version will be shared next week. A．is being discussed B．is discussing C．is discussed D．is being discuss 2．— When will the new product go on the market? —In two months. It ________ in the laboratory right now. A．is being developed B．will be developed C．is developing D．has developed 3．Helen has been taken to the headmaster’s and she ________ about what happened in their dormitory last night. A．questioned B．was being questioned C．had questioned D．is being questioned 4．With the development of science, more new technology ______ to the fields of IT. A．has introduced B．is being introduced C．was introduced D．had been introduced 5．Currently, almost 50 percent of jobs, including journalism, ______ with technology that can operate automatically. A．has been replacing B．is being replaced C．have been replacing D．are being replaced 6．It is the first time that a brand-new recycling system ________ in our community to promote environmental protection. A．has been put into use B．have been put into use C．are put into use D．is put into use 7．The new e-learning platform, which ________ in early 2020 to enhance students’ learning experience, ________ by a great many users in the past few years. A．was developed; had been adopted B．had been developed; has been adopted C．was developed; has been adopted D．had been developed; had been adopted 8．Over the past ten years, more than one high-rise building ______ in our town, making it look more modern. A．has built B．has been built C．Have built D．have been built 9．______trees ______in the past few years. A．A good many of; were planted B．good many; were planted C．A number of; have planted D．A number of; have been planted 10．The winners of the competition ______ so far, and we’re excited to congratulate them! A．are being announced B．will be announced C．have been announced D．had been announced 一、完形填空 When I was a young man just starting college, I began to write my first articles for a local county newspaper. I hadn’t been doing this for long when I ____1____ a letter from a young woman who got the paper out of state. She had been in grade school with me many years ago. ____2____ problems had affected her growth and changed her appearance. She was often made fun of. And she felt ____3____, sad and alone. Then one day the ____4____ took us all on a field trip to the local Post Office. They had us line up two by two and hold hands to keep anyone from ____5____. No one was wanting to hold her hand or walk with her but suddenly I ____6____. I think something deep inside me had opened my eyes to see her ____7____. I held her hand and talked to her all the way to the Post Office and back. She wrote me that the ____8____ I showed her that day made school feel ____9____again. We would sometimes talk after that but I didn’t know the ____10____ I had made on her life. Her family ____11____ during the summer that year and I never saw her again. But after getting her ____12____ that year in college we started to write each other and remained friends for several years until her life-long health problems finally ____13____ her life. It is said that “A single act of kindness can change a person’s life.” After getting that first letter from my friend I knew that was ____14____. Every act of kindness is ____15____. I am just happy to have the chance that day so many years ago to be kind to a sad, little girl and to bring a moment of love and joy into her life. 1. A. received B. wrote C. ignored D. lost 2. A. Mental B. Health C. Family D. Financial 3. A. angry B. amazed C. calm D. scared 4. A. parents B. friends C. teachers D. neighbors 5. A. wandering off B. making noise C. getting upset D. fighting back 6. A. hesitated B. volunteered C. complained D. refused 7. A. beauty B. anger C. fear D. sadness 8. A. patience B. courage C. kindness D. wisdom 9. A. bearable B. enjoyable C. boring D. terrible 10. A. decision B. impact C. mistake D. plan 11. A. moved B. returned C. argued D. gathered 12. A. gift B. news C. letter D. email 13. A. saved B. changed C. improved D. took 14. A. doubtful B. true C. confusing D. faithful 15 A. common B. worthless C. priceless D. simple 二、阅读理解 Ed Jackson’s team were trying to climb to the top of a Himalayan Mountain. However, weeks after they set off, they were stranded (滞留) there overnight without water, food or tents at a temperature of about -30 ℃. They took turns to keep each other awake in case they fell asleep and did not wake up again. Actually, that night on the mountain top was not the first time that Jackson had been close to death. Five years ago, while still a professional rugby player, Jackson broke his neck in a challenge, which nearly killed him. Jackson was told by doctors that he was likely to face life in a wheelchair. He was forced to retire from playing rugby. Luckily, Jackson managed to discard his wheelchair six months after the accident. To mark the first anniversary of his accident, Jackson set himself the goal of climbing Mount Snowdon, the highest mountain in Wales, even though he was still using two crutches (拐杖) then. He tried to climb many higher mountains after that. Four years later, he found himself in the Himalayas. The challenges that Jackson faced in the mountains have had a great impact on his recovery both physically and mentally. Jackson realized that others might benefit, too. So he started the charity Millimeters to Mountains (M2M) with his wife Lois and his friend OilyBarkley. It takes beneficiaries (受益人) who have suffered physical or psychological injuries in challenges around the world, allowing them to access the healing power of nature. Jackson says, “I once lost hope in life because of my bad condition, thinking there was nothing I could do. But hopefully what I’m doing, what we’re doing with the charity and what our beneficiaries are proving can give anyone the hope that they can turn their life around, no matter how discouraging it might seem at that moment.” 1. What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about? A. Jackson was tired of ball games. B. Jackson was respected for his will. C. Jackson was no stranger to suffering in life. D. Jackson was advised to do exercise by his doctors. 2. What does the underlined word “discard” probably mean in the third paragraph? A. Carry through. B. Rely on. C. Tear apart. D. Give up. 3. Why did Jackson start M2M? A. To educate sports lovers. B. To encourage safe mountain climbing. C. To help people with similar experiences. D. To raise money for the physically challenged. 4. What of the following can best describe Jackson? A. Creative and aggressive. B. Adventurous and inspiring. C. Responsible and humorous. D. Enthusiastic and independent. 三、语法填空 Your teen years are a time to learn about yourself and start thinking about your future. Doing well in school and leading a healthy social and personal life will make you happier and more likely to succeed. But don’t get too carried away with success and the far-future right now. ____1____ Become an eager reader. Go to your school library or the public library and check out books that interest you. It can be anything from poetry to graphic novels and comics. ____2____ If you don’t know where to start, ask the librarian for suggestions based on your interests. ____3____ Do your homework, show up for class on time, keep your schoolwork organized, and have a planner of important dates to help you turn in assignments on time and with less stress. During class, pay attention and ask questions to further your understanding of the material. Take extracurricular activities you enjoy. Make your extracurriculars a chance for you to relax a little and express yourself. ____4____ You can always find classes at school or beyond. Also, you can use the activities to make your voice heard. Set realistic academic and personal goals. Set realistic goals for yourself to feel a sense of accomplishment regarding your school and personal life. ____5____ Or you can gain extra credits at least once per term. As for personal goals, you might set an intention to get really good at shooting 3-point shots or learn how to bake bread. A. Just get reading! B. Be an excellent student. C. It doesn’t matter what you like. D. You can turn to your advisers for help. E. Take the chance for you to express yourself. F. Here are some tips for you to enjoy your teenage life. G. For example, you might set a goal to achieve all A’s. 一、任务型阅读 On his seventh birthday, Olly wished he could become invisible whenever he wanted. He thought it would be amazing because he could avoid his parents’ watch. A week later, his sister Lily was born, and Olly’s wish came true — he became invisible. Olly was excited at first, but soon realized that being invisible meant he was often ignored. His parents were always busy with Lily, and Olly felt so lonely and abandoned. One day, Olly asked his mom to teach him to swim because his class would be doing swimming at school after the holidays. He wanted to be the best. His mom, busy with Lily, told him to ask his dad. His dad, involved in work, also refused. Feeling frustrated, Olly decided to go to school to see what the teachers were doing. He missed the attention he got there and thought the teachers might have time for him. He sneaked out of the house and wandered down the street. He saw Mrs. Cooper, the school secretary, and her dog Teddy. Mrs. Cooper noticed Olly and called him over, worried that he was alone. Olly explained that his parents were too busy with Lily. Mrs. Cooper took Olly into her garden and showed him her incubator (恒温箱), a yellow box filled with eggs. Olly’s eyes widened with curiosity as he peered inside. Mrs. Cooper explained that she had to spend time with the eggs to make sure they hatched safely, just like his parents had to take care of Lily. She said, “I spend quite a lot of time with them when I could be playing with Teddy. But it doesn’t mean I don’t love him. Once I’ve finished in here, I can give all my attention to Teddy.” This helped Olly understand that his parents’ attention to Lily didn’t mean they care less about him. When Olly’s dad came to pick him up, he promised to take Olly to swim the next day. Olly felt happy and valued again, knowing that his parents’ love for him was still there. 阅读下面短文，根据文本内容从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，有两词为多余选项。 relief love invisible worry excited curiosity realize happy angry lonely upset refuse Olly wished to become ①______ on his seventh birthday. → When his sister was born, his dream came true, he was ②______ at first. His parents were always busy with Lily. → Olly felt ③______. Olly asked his parents to teach him to swim but was ④______. → Feeling ⑤______, Olly sneaked out of the house and met Mrs. Cooper and Teddy. Mrs. Cooper ⑥______ about Olly’s safety and invited him into her garden to show him her incubator. → Olly was ⑦______ about the eggs. Mrs. Cooper explained she couldn’t play with Teddy as much but her ⑧______ didn’t change. → Olly ⑨______ that people sometimes have to focus on one thing but still care about others. Olly’s dad picked him up and promised to take him to swim. → With ⑩______, Olly became happy again. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：45min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业04 现在进行时、现在完成时的被动语态 知识点01 现在进行时的被动语态 结构 肯定式 主语＋am/is/are＋being done 否定式 主语＋am/is/are＋not being done 一般疑问式 Am/Is/Are (not)＋主语＋being done？ 特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词＋am/is/are (not)＋主语＋being done？ 用法 1．表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用now，at the moment等时间状语。 What do you know is being done in your neighbourhood to protect animals and plants? 你知道你的社区里正在做什么来保护动植物吗？ 2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。 His son is being trained to take control of the family business. 他的儿子正在被培养接管家族企业。 3．表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always，constantly，often等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩。 I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken.我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。 知识点02 现在完成时的被动语态 结构 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done？ 用法 1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。 He has been given the appointment as director of the project. 他已被任命为该项目的主管。 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...？”句式中。 Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours. 公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。 How long has this film been shown? 这部电影已经放映多长时间了？ 3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished. 在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 1、 单句填空 1．Now we are not allowed to touch it. It (repair) by a friend of my father’s. 【答案】is being repaired 【详解】考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：现在我们不被允许触碰它。它正在被我父亲的一个朋友修理。根据上文now可知，此处应用现在进行时，主语it与repair是被动关系，所以应用现在进行时的被动语态，其基本结构为“am/ is/ are + being + done”，且主语it表示单数，所以需填is being repaired。故填is being repaired。 2．A new library (build) in our community now, and it is expected to be completed next year. 【答案】is being built 【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：我们社区正在建一座新图书馆，预计明年完工。“now”表示动作正在进行，“library”与“build”是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态，主语library是第三人称单数，助动词用is。故填：is being built。 3．A new bridge (be) being built over the river. 【答案】is 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：河上正在建一座新桥。分析句子可知，句中“being built”是现在分词的被动形式，结合 “正在修建” 的语义，需用现在进行时被动语态，结构为 “am/is/are + being + 过去分词”，主语bridge是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式，故填is。 4．A new subway line (construct) at this moment downtown, which is expected to ease the severe traffic congestion. 【答案】is being constructed 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：市中心正在修建一条新的地铁线路，预计将缓解严重的交通拥堵。根据时间状语at this moment可知，此处表示动作正在进行，应用现在进行时。动词construct与主语A new subway line之间存在被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主谓一致，故填is being constructed。 5．Now many species of wildlife (threaten) by climate change, leading to a loss of biodiversity. 【答案】are being threatened 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：如今，许多野生动植物正受到气候变化的威胁，这导致了生物多样性的丧失。主语many species of wildlife与谓语构成被动关系，结合Now可知为现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are being threatened。 6．I (treat) at the hospital now, so I cannot go to the cinema at present. 【答案】am being treated 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我现在正在医院接受治疗，所以暂时不能去看电影。主语I与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文now可知为现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填am being treated。 7．Much progress (make) in science and technology in China. 【答案】is being made 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：中国在科技方面正在取得巨大的进步。主语progress与动词make之间是被动关系，因此使用被动语态。描述现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时的被动语态，其构成式为be being done。主语progress为不可数名词，be动词用is，动词make的过去分词是made。故填is being made。 8．The sports meeting (hold) in our school at present. 【答案】is being held 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：运动会目前正在我校举行。结合句意和时间状语at present可知，动词应使用现在进行时态，表示正在进行的动作，因为主语the sports meeting与hold之间是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态，构成式为be being + 过去分词。主语the sports meeting是单数，因此be动词用is，hold的过去分词是held。故应填is being held。 9．Some animals (protect) well enough now. 【答案】are being protected 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：有些动物现在被保护得很好。结合句意和时间状语now可知，这里表示“动物正在被保护中”，且主语Some animals与protect之间是被动关系，需要使用现在进行时的被动语态，构成为be being done。主语Some animals为复数，因此be动词用are，protect的过去分词是protected。故填are being protected。 10．These large animals (kill) illegally for their body parts that are considered valuable. 【答案】are being killed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这些大型动物正在被非法猎杀，因为它们的身体部位被认为是有价值的。此处作谓语动词，主语为These large animals，为复数，与kill之间为被动关系，且此处陈述正在发生的事情，故应用正在进行时，故填are being killed。 二、单项选择 1．The new policy ______ carefully by the management team at the moment, and its final version will be shared next week. A．is being discussed B．is discussing C．is discussed D．is being discuss 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：目前，管理团队正在仔细讨论新政策，最终版本将于下周公布。根据“at the moment”可知此处是描述正在发生的事情，且主语policy和动词discuss之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态，故选A。 2．— When will the new product go on the market? —In two months. It ________ in the laboratory right now. A．is being developed B．will be developed C．is developing D．has developed 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：——新产品什么时候上市？——两个月后。它现在正在实验室里研发。根据时间状语right now可知，用现在进行时；代词It代指the new product，与develop之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选A。 3．Helen has been taken to the headmaster’s and she ________ about what happened in their dormitory last night. A．questioned B．was being questioned C．had questioned D．is being questioned 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：海伦已经被带到校长那里，她正在被询问昨晚在她们宿舍发生的事情。空格处是谓语动词，根据上文的Helen has been taken to the headmaster’s(海伦被带到校长那里去了)可知，海伦肯定是正在被询问昨晚在她们宿舍发生的事情，所以应该用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D项。 4．With the development of science, more new technology ______ to the fields of IT. A．has introduced B．is being introduced C．was introduced D．had been introduced 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态语态。句意，随着科学的发展，越来越多的新技术被引入信息技术领域。表示现阶段正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。且主语new technology与动作introduce之间是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态，故选B。 5．Currently, almost 50 percent of jobs, including journalism, ______ with technology that can operate automatically. A．has been replacing B．is being replaced C．have been replacing D．are being replaced 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：目前，包括新闻业在内的近50%的工作岗位正在被可以自动操作的技术所取代。根据句中Currently可知，句子陈述的是现在正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时，且句子主语almost 50 percent of jobs与replace之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，almost 50 percent of jobs是复数，be动词用are。故选D。 6．It is the first time that a brand-new recycling system ________ in our community to promote environmental protection. A．has been put into use B．have been put into use C．are put into use D．is put into use 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这是我们社区首次使用全新的回收系统来促进环境保护。固定句型“It is the first time that…”中，从句需用现在完成时（has/have done），主语a brand-new recycling system和谓语动词短语put into use (投入使用)是被动关系，主语是单数，谓语需用单数形式。故选A项。 7．The new e-learning platform, which ________ in early 2020 to enhance students’ learning experience, ________ by a great many users in the past few years. A．was developed; had been adopted B．had been developed; has been adopted C．was developed; has been adopted D．had been developed; had been adopted 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：这个新的电子学习平台是在2020年初开发的，旨在增强学生的学习体验，在过去的几年里已经被很多用户采用。第一空在which引导的非限制性定语从句中作谓语，which指代先行词The new e-learning platform，在从句中作主语，与动词develop之间为被动关系，根据“in early 2020”可知，第一个空为一般现在时的被动语态；第二空作主句谓语，主语The new e-learning platform与动词adopt之间为被动关系，根据“in the past few years.”可知，第二个空为现在完成时的被动语态，故选C。 8．Over the past ten years, more than one high-rise building ______ in our town, making it look more modern. A．has built B．has been built C．Have built D．have been built 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态语态。 句意：过去十年间，我们镇上已建成多座高楼，使其看起来更加现代化。根据“Over the past ten years”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语与谓语为被动关系。“more than one + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选B。 9．______trees ______in the past few years. A．A good many of; were planted B．good many; were planted C．A number of; have planted D．A number of; have been planted 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定短语和被动语态。句意：在过去的几年里，已经种了很多树。根据句意可知，空格一处涉及固定短语“a number of…”，意为“很多……”，句中指很多树，句首单词首字母大写，空格一处应用“A number of”；根据句中“in the past few years”可知，句子为现在完成时，“trees”和“plant”为被动关系，故句子为现在完成时的被动语态，空格二处应用“have been planted”。故选D项。 10．The winners of the competition ______ so far, and we’re excited to congratulate them! A．are being announced B．will be announced C．have been announced D．had been announced 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：比赛的获胜者到目前为止已经公布了，我们很高兴向他们表示祝贺！A. are being announced现在进行时的被动语态，表示“正在被宣布”；B. will be announced一般将来时的被动语态，表示“将要被宣布；C. have been announced现在完成时的被动语态，表示“已经被宣布”；D. had been announced过去完成时的被动语态，表示“过去的过去已经被宣布”。so far是现在完成时的标志词，意思是“到目前为止”，说明“宣布获胜者”这个动作从过去某个时间开始，一直持续到现在，并且对现在有影响，应用一般完成时，主语The winners of the competition与动词announce之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态have been announced。故选C。 一、完形填空 When I was a young man just starting college, I began to write my first articles for a local county newspaper. I hadn’t been doing this for long when I ____1____ a letter from a young woman who got the paper out of state. She had been in grade school with me many years ago. ____2____ problems had affected her growth and changed her appearance. She was often made fun of. And she felt ____3____, sad and alone. Then one day the ____4____ took us all on a field trip to the local Post Office. They had us line up two by two and hold hands to keep anyone from ____5____. No one was wanting to hold her hand or walk with her but suddenly I ____6____. I think something deep inside me had opened my eyes to see her ____7____. I held her hand and talked to her all the way to the Post Office and back. She wrote me that the ____8____ I showed her that day made school feel ____9____again. We would sometimes talk after that but I didn’t know the ____10____ I had made on her life. Her family ____11____ during the summer that year and I never saw her again. But after getting her ____12____ that year in college we started to write each other and remained friends for several years until her life-long health problems finally ____13____ her life. It is said that “A single act of kindness can change a person’s life.” After getting that first letter from my friend I knew that was ____14____. Every act of kindness is ____15____. I am just happy to have the chance that day so many years ago to be kind to a sad, little girl and to bring a moment of love and joy into her life. 1. A. received B. wrote C. ignored D. lost 2. A. Mental B. Health C. Family D. Financial 3. A. angry B. amazed C. calm D. scared 4. A. parents B. friends C. teachers D. neighbors 5. A. wandering off B. making noise C. getting upset D. fighting back 6. A. hesitated B. volunteered C. complained D. refused 7. A. beauty B. anger C. fear D. sadness 8. A. patience B. courage C. kindness D. wisdom 9. A. bearable B. enjoyable C. boring D. terrible 10. A. decision B. impact C. mistake D. plan 11. A. moved B. returned C. argued D. gathered 12. A. gift B. news C. letter D. email 13. A. saved B. changed C. improved D. took 14. A. doubtful B. true C. confusing D. faithful 15 A. common B. worthless C. priceless D. simple 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者年轻时因一次善举（主动牵起被孤立女孩的手）对她人生产生深远影响的故事，印证了“善意能改变人生”的道理。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚开始做这件事没多久，就收到了一封来自州外的年轻女士的来信，她也是这份报纸的读者。A. received收到；B. wrote写；C. ignored忽视；D. lost丢失。根据下文“She wrote me that”及“getting that first letter from my friend”可知，作者是收到了她一位女士的来信。故选A。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：健康问题影响了她的成长，还改变了她的容貌。A. Mental精神的；B. Health健康；C. Family家庭的；D. Financial财务的。根据下文“her life-long health problems”可知，她是因为健康问题而改变了容貌。故选B。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她感到恐惧、悲伤又孤独。A. angry生气的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. calm平静的；D. scared害怕的。根据上文“She was often made fun of”及下文“sad and alone”可知，她经常被人嘲笑，内心感到恐惧、悲伤又孤独。故选D。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来有一天，老师们带我们所有人去当地的邮局参加实地考察活动。A. parents父母；B. friends朋友；C. teachers老师；D. neighbors邻居。根据下文“took us all on a field trip to the local Post Office”可知，这是学校组织的活动，因此是老师带作者和同学们去。故选C。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们让我们两两排队、手牵着手，防止有人走散。A. wandering off走失；B. making noise制造噪音；C. getting upset心烦意乱；D. fighting back反击。根据上文“in grade school”及“They had us line up two by two and hold hands to keep anyone from”可知，当时作者和同学们还是小学生，老师们为了防止有人走散，让他们两两排队、手牵着手。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没人愿意牵她的手，也没人愿意和她同行，但我突然主动站了出来。A. hesitated犹豫；B. volunteered自愿；C. complained抱怨；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“I held her hand and talked to her all the way to the Post Office and back.”可知，是作者自愿与她牵手同行。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，是我内心深处的某种东西，让我得以看见她的悲伤。A. beauty美丽；B. anger愤怒；C. fear恐惧；D. sadness悲伤。根据上文“sad and alone”及下文“a sad, little girl”并结合前文可知，女孩由于被人嘲笑，长期感受到悲伤与孤独，因此作者是看到了她的悲伤。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在信中写道，那天我给予她的善意，让校园生活重新变得可以忍受。A. patience耐心；B. courage勇气；C. kindness善良；D. wisdom智慧。根据上文“No one was wanting to hold her hand or walk with her but suddenly I”及“I held her hand and talked to her all the way to the Post Office and back.”可知，当没人愿意与她同行时，作者主动站了出来，给予了她善意。故选C。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她在信中写道，那天我给予她的善意，让校园生活重新变得可以忍受。A. bearable可忍受的；B. enjoyable令人愉快的；C. boring无聊的；D. terrible糟糕的。根据上文“She was often made fun of. And she felt  3 , sad and alone.”可知，女孩由于被人嘲笑，长期感受到悲伤与孤独，因此在学校的日子是痛苦的、难以忍受的，但作者的善意让校园生活重新变得可以忍受。故选A。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自那以后我们偶尔会聊聊天，但我当时并不知道自己给她的人生带来了怎样的影响。A. decision决定；B. impact影响；C. mistake错误；D. plan计划。根据上文“She wrote me that the  8  I showed her that day made school feel  9 again.”及下文“A single act of kindness can change a person’s life.”可知，作者当时主动牵女孩的手、陪她聊天，这个善举让女孩觉得校园生活重新变得可以忍受，这对女孩的人生带来了影响，但作者当时并不知道，且make an impact on为固定搭配，表示 “对……产生影响”。故选B。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那年夏天，她家搬走了，我便再也没有见过她。A. moved搬家；B. returned返回；C. argued争论；D. gathered聚集。根据下文“I never saw her again”可知，女孩家是搬走了。故选A。 【12题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但上大学那年收到她的信后，我们开始互通书信，维持了好几年的友谊，直到长期的健康问题最终夺走了她的生命。A. gift礼物；B. news新闻；C. letter信；D. email电子邮件。根据上文“a letter from a young woman”及下文“getting that first letter from my friend”可知，作者自从收到她的信后，双方就开始互通书信。故选C。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但上大学那年收到她的信后，我们开始互通书信，维持了好几年的友谊，直到长期的健康问题最终夺走了她的生命。A. saved拯救；B. changed改变；C. improved改善；D. took拿走。根据上文“we started to write each other and remained friends for several years until her life-long health problems finally”可知，他们维持了几年的友谊，直到长期的健康问题最终夺走了她的生命，take one’s life为固定搭配，表示“夺走某人的生命”。故选D。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：收到这位朋友的第一封信后，我便深知这句话千真万确。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. true真实的，符合事实的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. faithful忠诚的。根据上文“It is said that ‘A single act of kindness can change a person’s life.’”并结合全文可知，前文提到“一次善举足以改变一个人的人生”，作者通过女孩的信印证了这句话的正确性。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一份善意都是无价的。A. common普通的；B. worthless无价值的，没用的；C. priceless无价的，极珍贵的；D. simple简单的。根据上文“A single act of kindness can change a person’s life”及下文“I am just happy to have the chance that day so many years ago to be kind to a sad, little girl and to bring a moment of love and joy into her life.”可知，作者通过这次经历感悟到一次善举足以改变一个人的人生，每一次善举都是无价的。故选C。 二、阅读理解 Ed Jackson’s team were trying to climb to the top of a Himalayan Mountain. However, weeks after they set off, they were stranded (滞留) there overnight without water, food or tents at a temperature of about -30 ℃. They took turns to keep each other awake in case they fell asleep and did not wake up again. Actually, that night on the mountain top was not the first time that Jackson had been close to death. Five years ago, while still a professional rugby player, Jackson broke his neck in a challenge, which nearly killed him. Jackson was told by doctors that he was likely to face life in a wheelchair. He was forced to retire from playing rugby. Luckily, Jackson managed to discard his wheelchair six months after the accident. To mark the first anniversary of his accident, Jackson set himself the goal of climbing Mount Snowdon, the highest mountain in Wales, even though he was still using two crutches (拐杖) then. He tried to climb many higher mountains after that. Four years later, he found himself in the Himalayas. The challenges that Jackson faced in the mountains have had a great impact on his recovery both physically and mentally. Jackson realized that others might benefit, too. So he started the charity Millimeters to Mountains (M2M) with his wife Lois and his friend OilyBarkley. It takes beneficiaries (受益人) who have suffered physical or psychological injuries in challenges around the world, allowing them to access the healing power of nature. Jackson says, “I once lost hope in life because of my bad condition, thinking there was nothing I could do. But hopefully what I’m doing, what we’re doing with the charity and what our beneficiaries are proving can give anyone the hope that they can turn their life around, no matter how discouraging it might seem at that moment.” 1. What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about? A. Jackson was tired of ball games. B. Jackson was respected for his will. C. Jackson was no stranger to suffering in life. D. Jackson was advised to do exercise by his doctors. 2. What does the underlined word “discard” probably mean in the third paragraph? A. Carry through. B. Rely on. C. Tear apart. D. Give up. 3. Why did Jackson start M2M? A. To educate sports lovers. B. To encourage safe mountain climbing. C. To help people with similar experiences. D. To raise money for the physically challenged. 4. What of the following can best describe Jackson? A. Creative and aggressive. B. Adventurous and inspiring. C. Responsible and humorous. D. Enthusiastic and independent. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Ed Jackson两次遇险后康复并创办慈善组织帮助他人的故事。 【1题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“However, weeks after they set off, they were stranded (滞留) there overnight without water, food or tents at a temperature of about -30 ℃(然而，在他们出发几周后，他们在零下30摄氏度左右的环境中，没有水、食物和帐篷，在那里滞留了一夜)”以及第二段中的“Five years ago, while still a professional rugby player, Jackson broke his neck in a challenge, which nearly killed him.(五年前，当时还是职业橄榄球运动员的杰克逊在一次比赛中摔断了脖子，差点丧命)”可知，杰克逊曾遭遇登山滞留险境和运动重伤濒死这两次磨难，说明他对生活中的苦难并不陌生。故选C项。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。画线词前所在的下一句“To mark the first anniversary of his accident, Jackson set himself the goal of climbing Mount Snowdon, the highest mountain in Wales, even though he was still using two crutches (拐杖) then. (为了纪念他的事故一周年，Jackson给自己定下了攀登威尔士最高的山峰斯诺登山的目标，尽管当时他还拄着两根拐杖)”可知，Jackson不需再使用轮椅了，故划线词所在句意思是“幸运的是，Jackson在事故发生六个月后设法丢弃了他的轮椅。”所以划线词discard意为“抛弃”，与动词短语give up同义。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Jackson realized that others might benefit, too. So he started the charity Millimeters to Mountains (M2M) with his wife Lois and his friend OilyBarkley. It takes beneficiaries (受益人) who have suffered physical or psychological injuries in challenges around the world (杰克逊意识到其他人也可能从中受益。于是，他与妻子洛伊丝和朋友奥利・巴克利共同创办了慈善组织 “毫米登山”。该组织的帮扶对象是那些在全球各地的挑战中遭受过身体或心理创伤的人) 可知，杰克逊创办这个慈善组织是为了帮助和他有相似受伤经历的人。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He tried to climb many higher mountains after that. Four years later, he found himself in the Himalayas.(从那以后，他尝试攀登更多更高的山峰。四年后，他登上了喜马拉雅山脉)”可知，杰克逊热爱冒险；及最后一段“ Jackson says, “I once lost hope in life because of my bad condition, thinking there was nothing I could do. But hopefully what I’m doing, what we’re doing with the charity and what our beneficiaries are proving can give anyone the hope that they can turn their life around, no matter how discouraging it might seem at that moment.”(杰克逊说：“我曾经因为身体状况不好而对生活失去希望，觉得自己无能为力。但希望我所做的，我们与慈善机构所做的，以及我们的受益者所证明的，可以给任何人带来希望，让他们能够改变自己的生活，不管那一刻看起来多么令人沮丧。”)”可知，他是一个鼓舞人心的人。故选B项。 三、语法填空 Your teen years are a time to learn about yourself and start thinking about your future. Doing well in school and leading a healthy social and personal life will make you happier and more likely to succeed. But don’t get too carried away with success and the far-future right now. ____1____ Become an eager reader. Go to your school library or the public library and check out books that interest you. It can be anything from poetry to graphic novels and comics. ____2____ If you don’t know where to start, ask the librarian for suggestions based on your interests. ____3____ Do your homework, show up for class on time, keep your schoolwork organized, and have a planner of important dates to help you turn in assignments on time and with less stress. During class, pay attention and ask questions to further your understanding of the material. Take extracurricular activities you enjoy. Make your extracurriculars a chance for you to relax a little and express yourself. ____4____ You can always find classes at school or beyond. Also, you can use the activities to make your voice heard. Set realistic academic and personal goals. Set realistic goals for yourself to feel a sense of accomplishment regarding your school and personal life. ____5____ Or you can gain extra credits at least once per term. As for personal goals, you might set an intention to get really good at shooting 3-point shots or learn how to bake bread. A. Just get reading! B. Be an excellent student. C. It doesn’t matter what you like. D. You can turn to your advisers for help. E. Take the chance for you to express yourself. F. Here are some tips for you to enjoy your teenage life. G. For example, you might set a goal to achieve all A’s. 【答案】1. F 2. A 3. B 4. E 5. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者为青少年读者提供建议，如何更好的享受青少年生活。 【1题详解】 上文“But don’t get too carried away with success and the far-future right now.（但是，现在不要太着迷于成功和遥远的未来。）”指出作者建议青少年要适当享受青少年时期的生活；下文各段开头的主旨句，如第二段“Become an eager reader.（成为一个热切的读者。）”可知下文各段是在给读者提供建议。故空格处的句子为承上启下的作用。选项F“Here are some tips for you to enjoy your teenage life.（以下是一些让你享受青少年生活的小贴士。）”符合语境。故选F项。 【2题详解】 上文“It can be anything from poetry to graphic novels and comics.（它可以是任何读物，从诗歌到平面小说和漫画。）”指出作者建议大家阅读，重要的是去读起来，而不是读什么样的书籍。选项A“Just get reading!（开始阅读吧！）”符合语境。故选A项。 【3题详解】 下文“Do your homework, show up for class on time, keep your schoolwork organized, and have a planner of important dates to help you turn in assignments on time and with less stress.（做家庭作业，准时到场上课，安排好作业，安排好重要日期，以帮助你按时完成作业，减轻压力。）”指出这一段作者建议读者要要认真完成学生该完成事情，做一个优秀的学生。选项B“Be an excellent student.（做一个优秀的学生）”恰好符合语境，是对下文的具体行为的总的描述。可用作这一段的主旨句。故选B项。 【4题详解】 上文“Make your extracurriculars a chance for you to relax a little and express yourself.（让你的课外活动给你一个放松和表达自己的机会。）”指出作者建议读者要利用好课外活动休息和表达自己。选项E“Take the chance for you to express yourself.（抓住这个机会表达自己。）”与上文自然过渡，且句子的chance“机会”前使用定冠词the，表示上文表达的同一个“机会”，符合语境。故选E项。 【5题详解】 上文本段主旨句“Set realistic academic and personal goals.（设定现实的学业和个人目标。）”指出这一段是关于如何制定目标的。而选项G“For example, you might set a goal to achieve all A’s.（例如，你可以设定一个目标，所有科目都拿A。）”符合“设定目标”这一段落大意。故选G项。 一、任务型阅读 On his seventh birthday, Olly wished he could become invisible whenever he wanted. He thought it would be amazing because he could avoid his parents’ watch. A week later, his sister Lily was born, and Olly’s wish came true — he became invisible. Olly was excited at first, but soon realized that being invisible meant he was often ignored. His parents were always busy with Lily, and Olly felt so lonely and abandoned. One day, Olly asked his mom to teach him to swim because his class would be doing swimming at school after the holidays. He wanted to be the best. His mom, busy with Lily, told him to ask his dad. His dad, involved in work, also refused. Feeling frustrated, Olly decided to go to school to see what the teachers were doing. He missed the attention he got there and thought the teachers might have time for him. He sneaked out of the house and wandered down the street. He saw Mrs. Cooper, the school secretary, and her dog Teddy. Mrs. Cooper noticed Olly and called him over, worried that he was alone. Olly explained that his parents were too busy with Lily. Mrs. Cooper took Olly into her garden and showed him her incubator (恒温箱), a yellow box filled with eggs. Olly’s eyes widened with curiosity as he peered inside. Mrs. Cooper explained that she had to spend time with the eggs to make sure they hatched safely, just like his parents had to take care of Lily. She said, “I spend quite a lot of time with them when I could be playing with Teddy. But it doesn’t mean I don’t love him. Once I’ve finished in here, I can give all my attention to Teddy.” This helped Olly understand that his parents’ attention to Lily didn’t mean they care less about him. When Olly’s dad came to pick him up, he promised to take Olly to swim the next day. Olly felt happy and valued again, knowing that his parents’ love for him was still there. 阅读下面短文，根据文本内容从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，有两词为多余选项。 relief love invisible worry excited curiosity realize happy angry lonely upset refuse Olly wished to become ①______ on his seventh birthday. → When his sister was born, his dream came true, he was ②______ at first. His parents were always busy with Lily. → Olly felt ③______. Olly asked his parents to teach him to swim but was ④______. → Feeling ⑤______, Olly sneaked out of the house and met Mrs. Cooper and Teddy. Mrs. Cooper ⑥______ about Olly’s safety and invited him into her garden to show him her incubator. → Olly was ⑦______ about the eggs. Mrs. Cooper explained she couldn’t play with Teddy as much but her ⑧______ didn’t change. → Olly ⑨______ that people sometimes have to focus on one thing but still care about others. Olly’s dad picked him up and promised to take him to swim. → With ⑩______, Olly became happy again. 【答案】 ①. invisible ②. excited ③. lonely ④. refused ⑤. upset ⑥. worried ⑦. curious ⑧. love ⑨. realized ⑩. relief 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $