摘要:
该高中英语导学案围绕必修一Unit 3“Getting along with others”主题,涵盖50余个核心词汇及派生词、固定搭配,如on the rocks、awkward、sight短语等。课堂导入结合人际交往情境,从高频互动词汇切入,通过词根词缀(origin-original)和同义辨析(on the rocks与with ice)搭建词汇网络,梳理前后知识关联。
资料亮点在于多维词汇拓展与情境化应用结合,提供词性转换(original-originate)、固定搭配(catch sight of)及对比辨析,辅以例句强化理解。通过学法指导培养学生语言能力,提升思维品质,助力自主构建词汇体系,高效掌握单元重点,适配新课标对语言运用与学习能力的要求。
内容正文:
必修一 Unit 3 Getting along with others 词汇讲义
1.on the rocks(关系)陷于困境,濒临崩溃=in trouble; (在酒吧)加冰块
E.g. The ship broke up on the rocks.
I'll have a whisky on the rocks.我要威士忌加冰。
on the rocks和with ice 两者都有加冰的意思,不同处在于,on the rocks 常用在喝洋酒(烈酒如威士忌、伏特加或特别调酒(cocktail)时,而with ice则是用于可乐、汽水等“软饮料”。
2.awkward adj. 局促不安的;令人尴尬的:难对付的;笨拙的
awkwardly adv.笨拙地;无技巧地
awkwardness n.尴尬;笨拙
3.sight n.视野;视力;看见,景色,景象
sighted adj.有视力的;不盲的
sightless adj.盲的;看不见的
out of one's sight 脱离某人的视线
out of sight 看不见;在视野之外;在看不见的地方
at first sight 乍一看;初看之下
in sight 在即,在望;看得见;被看到
in the sight of 在······看来;从······观点来看= from one’s point of =in one’s view/opinion
at the sight of 一看见···就
catch sight of 看到;瞥见
in sight of 在看得见...的位置
within sight of 能看见;在看得见···的地方;在即(等于in sight of)
come in sight of 看见
lose one's sight 失明;失去视力
lose sight of 忽略;不再看见,看不到
see the sights 参观名胜
catch one’s sight/ attention 吸引某人注意力
4.original adj.起初的;独创的;原作的 & n.原作,原稿,正本,原件
originate v.引起;创作;发源;发生;起航
origin n.起源;原点;出身;开端
originality n.创意;独创性,创造力;原始;新奇
originally adv.最初,起初;本来
originator C.n.创始者,发明者
original design 原设计;初始设计
5.medium n.(pl.media)传播信息的媒介,方法;手段,工具
& adj.中等的,中号的
medium sized 中等大小的
social media 社交媒体
6. make it 能够出席;准时到达;获得成功,幸免于难,渡过难关
E.g. I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he made it at last.
7.horrible adj.令人震惊的;可恶的,极坏的
horribly adv.可怕地;非常地
horror n.惊骇;惨状;极端厌恶;令人恐怖的事物
horrible disaster 惨祸严重的灾祸
8.chat v.&n.聊天,闲聊 (chatted)
chat with sb about sth 同···聊天,和···聊天 =have a chat with sb about sth
chat about 闲聊
chat up 搭讪
chat show (电视或广播电台的)访谈节目
9.recover vi.恢复健康;恢复常态 vt.全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,重新控制
recovery n.恢复,复原;痊愈;重获
recover from 恢复;恢复知觉
10. respond vi&v.回答,回应;作出反应,响应
response n. 反应,响应;回复,答复
responsible adj.负责的,可靠的;有责任的
responsive adj.响应的;应答的;回答的
responsibility n.责任,职责;义务
in response to sth··· 对···做出回应、响应 =respond to
make no response to··· 对……无回应
respond by 以...方式反应
11.loss n 失去,丧失;亏损;去世;损失
loser n.失败者;遗失者
lose v.失去---- lost --lost
at a loss 困惑,不知所措;亏本地
weight loss 失重;重量减轻
profit and loss 盈亏账目,损益
12.judge vt.&vi.评价,(尤指)批评;判断,认为 & n.法官;裁判员
judgement/judgment n.意见;判断力;[法]审判;评价
judge by 根据...作出判断
judging from/by 从...判断
chief judge 审判长
pass judgement (on sth.) (对...)发表批评意见
E. g. Judging by/from her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.
As far as I can judge.all of them are to blame.
13.in the wrong 有错,应承担责任
two wrongs don't make a right 怨怨相报何时了;以牙还牙行不通
14.apologize vi.道歉,谢罪
apology n. 道歉;谢罪;辩护;勉强的替代物
apologetic adj.道歉的;赔罪的
apologetically adv.道歉地,认错地;辩解地
apologize to sb for sth. 为……向某人道歉
=make an apology to sb. for sth.
=say sorry to sb. for sth.
15.behaviour n.行为,举止,态度
behavioral adj.行为的;动作的
behave v.行为,表现
good behaviour 品行良好;得体的行为
social behaviour 社会行为
behave oneself 守规矩,举止得体
16.case n.具体情况,事件;案件;容器
in any case 无论如何;不管怎样
in case 万一;假使
in case of 万一:如果发生;假设
in the case of 至于,在...的情况下
in this case 既然这样,假若这样
in that case 既然那样
in some case 在某种情况下
in no case 决不
17.frank adj.坦率的,直率的
frankly adv.真诚地,坦白地
frankness n.率直;坦白
to be frank =frankly speaking 说实话;老实说;坦率地说
be frank with sb. about sth. 对某人坦白某事
18.definitely adv.肯定,确实;确切地
definite adj.一定的;确切的
define v.定义:使明确;规定
definition n.定义
definitely not 决不,绝对不是
19.trick v.欺骗,欺诈 & n.诡计,花招;戏法
tricky adj.难对付的,棘手的;狡猾的,诡计多端的
trickily adv.狡猾地;欺诈地;用奸计
tricker n.恶作剧者,欺骗者
trickiness n.诡计多端;狡猾;棘手;
trick or treat 不招待就使坏
play a trick/tricks on 开······的玩笑;捉弄······
trick sb into sth/into doing sth 诱使/欺骗某人做某事
trick sb out of sth 从某人处骗走某物
cheat/fool sb.into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
cheat sb.(out)of sth. 骗取某人某物
20.let go of 放弃,摈弃;松手,放开 let--let letting
gone adj.离去的;死去的;用光的
let it go 放下,随它去吧
have a go 尝试
have a go at doing... 尝试做某事
E.g. It's time to let go of the past.
21. ignore v.忽视,对……不予理会
ignored adj.被忽视的;被忽略的
ignorance n无知,愚昧;不知,不懂
ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的
be ignorant of/about sth 对……一无所知 =be in ignorance ofsth.
22.suffer vi.受苦,受折磨;变差; 遭受,蒙受
suffering/sufferings n.受难;苦楚
sufferer n.患者;受害者
suffer from 忍受,遭受;患...病;受...之苦
suffer for 因...而遭受
E.g. He suffers from cancer.
23.misunderstand vi/vt. 误解,误会 ---misunderstood
misunderstood adj.被误解的
misunderstanding n.误解;误会;不和
have a misunderstanding of/about sth. 对……有误解
have a misunderstanding/an argument with sb. about sth 和某人因某事而产生误会/争执
24.contact v.&n.联系,联络 C.n.熟人,(尤指)社会关系
keep in contact/ touch with sb 与某人保持联系
lose contact with sb 与某人失去联系
make contact with sb 与某人取得联系 =get in contact with sb.
eye/physical contact 眼神/肢体接触
in contact with 接触;与...有联系
25 explode vi.(愤怒等情感)爆发,迸发;爆炸 v.使爆炸
explosion n. 爆炸;爆发;激增
explosive adj.爆炸的;爆炸性的;爆发性的 &n.炸药,爆炸物
explosively adv.爆发地,引起爆炸地
explode into 爆发
explode with anger 勃然大怒
the exploding world population 激增的人口
区分: explain v. 解释 explanation n. 解释
26.generous adj.宽宏大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的,大量的,丰富的,充足的
generosity n.慷慨,大万;宽宏大量
generously adv.慷慨地;宽大地;丰盛地
be generous with 在···上很大方
be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨
an act of generosity 慷慨之举,慷慨的行为
It's generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事很大方
27.count on/upon 依赖,依靠,指望 =depend on/rely on
countless adj.无数的;数不尽的
countable adj.可计算的;能算的
count v.数数,计算/清点总数,把···算入,包括 vi.重要,有价值=matter
看作,算作,认为
count in 把···计算在内
count up 共计;把···加起来
count...as... 把...看作...
count on (sb.) doing sth. 指望某人做某事
don't count your chickens (before they're hatched)不要高兴得太早
E.g. What counts is what they do with the money.
关键在于他们如何使用这笔资金。
28. eat away at腐蚀,侵蚀,逐渐破坏 =eat into 使某人担心、苦恼
eat---ate---eaten eating
eatable adj.可吃的
eating adj.侵蚀的;可生食的;进餐用的
eat out 上馆子吃饭;锈坏;使腐烂
eat at 困扰
eat in 在家吃改;侵蚀
eat up 吃光:耗尽 击垮
eat off 吃掉;腐蚀掉
eat like a horse 吃得多
29.shallow adj.肤浅的,浅薄的;浅的
shallowly adv.浅浅地;肤浅地
shallowness n.浅;肤浅
30.in person 亲自,亲身=personally
personal adj.个人的:身体的:亲自的
personality n. 个性
do sth in person 亲自做某事
I personally think... =Personally,I think... 我个人认为……
31.theme n.主题;主旋律 & v. 以……为主题
thematic adj. 主题的,主旋律的
thematically adv.主题上;主题方面
theme park (游乐园中的)主题乐园
theme music 主题音乐
theme party 主题派对;化装舞会
32.slave n.奴隶
slavery n.奴役;奴隶制度;奴隶身份
a slave of/to sth 完全受(某事物)控制的人;完全依赖(某事物)的人
33.raft n. 木排,筏
bamboo raft竹筏;竹排
34.high point 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分
point of view 观点;见地;立场
turning point 转折点
35.through thick and thin 不畏艰难险阻,同甘共苦
all through 一直;始终
live through 经受住,经受过
see through 看穿,识破
look through 浏览:详尽核查,仔细查看
break through 突破,突围,冲破,取得突破性成就
go through 通过;经受;完成
36.opinion C.n.意见,看法;(群体的)观点,信仰 an opinion
in one's opinion/view 在某人看来 = from one’s point of view
public opinion 民意;公众舆论
give/express one's opinions on/about... 就……发表意见
37.quality n.品德,素质;质量;特征 & adj.优质的,高质量的
区分: quantity n 数量
product quality 产品质量
38.basis n. (pl. bases)基础;原因;基准
basic adj.基础的,根本的 basically adv.
base n. 底座:基础,根据;基地 & v.以……为基础;把···总部设在···
on the basis of 根据;基于 = be based on
base A on/upon B → A be based on/upon B
at the base of... 在……的底部,在……的基础上
39.respect v. 尊重,尊敬 & n.尊敬,敬意;重视,方面
respectable adj.值得尊敬的;人格高尚的
respectful adj.恭敬的;有礼貌的
respective adj.分别的,各自的
respectfully adv.尊敬地
respect sb.for sth. 因……而尊重某人
have/show respect for 尊重某人
earn/win the respect of.. 赢得某人的尊敬
out of respect for 出于对……的尊重
treat sb. with respect 尊敬地对待某人
in this respect 在这个方面
in respect of/ with respect to 关于...就...而言
40.get over 克服;恢复常态 ---got---got getting
get through 通过,度过,完成,接通(电话)
get close to 接近.靠近
41.efficient adj.效率高的,有功效的
efficiency n效率;效能;功效
efficiently adv有效地;效率高地
inefficient adj.效率低的,无效率的
区分: effect n.影响,作用,效果
effective adj.有效的,生效的
have an effect on/upon... 对……有影响
side effects 副作用
42.extra adj. 额外的,分外的,附加的 & adv.额外,另外;特别,格外
extra work 加班;额外工作
43.bring out 使显现,使表现出,生产;出版---brought ---brought
bring about 引起
bring up 提出:教育;养育;呕吐
bring in 引进
bring back 拿同来;使...恢复;使...回忆起来
区分: buy 买 --bought ---bought
44.measure v.估量,判定;测量 & n.措施(pl: measures);衡量
measure with 用...测量;用...衡量
beyond measure 无可估量,极度
take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 = take actions to do sth.
be a measure of··· 是对...的评判标准
in full measure 最大程度地;最大限度地
for good measure 外加,额外
measure+具体数字 (用主动表被动) 此时非谓语measuring
E.g.The pond measures about 2 meters across.这个池塘宽约2米.
45.reflection n.沉思;反射;映像;反映
reflect v.反映;反射,照出;反省 reflect on 反思
reflective adj.能反光的
on reflection 再三考虑
46.seek (sought,sought)vi.试图;寻找;争取 vt.寻求;寻找
seek to do sth. =try/attempt to do sth. = manage to do sth. 试图做某事
seek for 寻找;追求;探索
seek out 找出;搜出;想获得
seek advice 征求意见;请教
seek after 追求;探索
hide and seek 捉迷藏
seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路,外出闯荡
47. escape vi.&v.逃脱,躲避;逃跑;避开,避免;被遗忘
& n.逃离,逃脱
escape from 逃脱
escape doing sth 逃避做某事
narrow escape 九死一生,幸免于难;千钧一发 = escape narrowly
escape one’s notice 未被某人注意到
E.g. Her name escapes me.我忘记了她的名字。
I had a narrow escape.我是死里逃生。
48. smooth out 消除(问题),克服(困难)
smooth v. 使平整;使平坦;使平滑;使光滑 & adj. 平整的;平滑的;光滑的
smoothen v.使平滑,使平和;使平息
smoothness n.平滑;柔滑;平坦
smoothly adv.平稳地,平滑地;流畅地,流利地
smooth over 消除;缓和;减轻
smooth away 消除:解决;克服
49.be meant to do sth 注定要做某事,应做某事
mean v.打算,意味着 & adj.吝啬的
mean to do sth. 打算做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
in the mean time 同时
be meant for 命中注定;打算作...用;注定要属于;为...而存在
50.benefit n.优势,益处,成效 & v.使受益vi.得益于
beneficial adj.有益的,有利的;可享利益的
beneficially adv.受益地;获利地;有使用权地
benefit from 得益于;得利于;因...而得到好处
for the benefit of 为...的利益
be of benefit to 对...有好处 = be beneficial to
51. comfort v.宽慰,抚慰
& U.n.舒服;安慰,&C.n令人感到安慰的人/事物
discomfort n.不舒适
comfortable adj.舒适的,舒服的
uncomfortable adj.不舒适的,不舒服的
comfortably adv.舒服地;安乐地;充裕地
comforting adj.令人宽慰的
comfort zone 舒适区,舒适地带,舒适区域
E.g.The children have been a great comfort to me through all of this.
孩子们一直是我的一个巨大安慰。
52.joy n高兴,愉快;令人高兴的人(或事),乐趣
joyful adj.令人高兴的;充满欢乐的
joyless adj.不高兴的,不快乐的
joyfully adv.高兴地,喜悦地
with joy 高兴地
tears of joy 高兴的泪水,喜极而泣
53.failure n.失败;(C.n)失败的人(或事);未履行;故障
fail v.失败,不及格;破产;缺乏;衰退;使失望
failed adj.已失败的,不成功的;出故障的
failure in ··的失败
fail to do sth. 不能够做某事
end in failure 以失败告终
Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
54. take on 呈现,具有:承担;雇佣 ---took--taken
take up 占据;拿起;开始从事
take effect 生效;起作用
take in 接受;理解;拘留;欺骗;让···进入;改短; 吸收
take...seriously 重视;认真对待···
take over 接管;接收
take...for granted 认为···理所当然
take charge of 接管,负责
take the lead 带头;为首
55.moment n.时光,时机;瞬间;某个时刻
at the moment 此刻;当时
for a moment 片刻,一会儿;暂时
for the moment 暂时,暂且;目前
in a moment 立刻
at any moment 随时
just a moment 等一会儿,稍等一下
at the last moment 在最后一刻;在最后关头
at the right moment 适时;在适当的时候
the moment/instant +从句 一……就= on/upon doing = immediately +从句
E.g The moment he saw her, he gave her a hug.
56.indeed adv.其实,实际上;的确;真正地
A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
57. well-meaning adj.出于好心的,善意的
well-meaning lie 善意的谎言
58. recognize v 承认,意识到;认出,辨别出
recognition n. 识别:承认,认出;重视;赞誉;公认
recognizable adj.可辨认的;可认识的;可承认的
recognized adj公认的;认可的;经过验证的
recognizably adv.可被认识地:可辨别地
recognize...as... 承认是,认为是
be recognized as 公认是
in recognition of.. 作为对···的认可/嘉奖
It is recognized that... 人们意识到……,人们公认……
59.thorough adj.彻底的,全面的;仔细的
thoroughly adv.彻底地,完全地
thoroughness n.十分,完全;彻底
60.death U.n.死,死亡;死亡状态 & C.n 死亡事件/人数 pl: deaths
die v.死亡;凋零;熄灭 ---died dying
deadly adj致命地;非常地;死一般地;& adv. 非常;如死一般地
dead adj.无生命的;呆板的;废弃了的
dying adj.临终的,垂死的
death rate 死亡率
starve to death = die of starvation 饿死
61. company U.n.陪伴,作伴;& C.n 公司
accompany v.陪伴,陪同;伴随,与······一起发生 accompanied
companion C.n.同伴;朋友;指南;手册
companionship n.友谊;陪伴;交谊
in company with 一起;当众
in the company of sb.=in one' s company 与某人一起
keep sb. company =accompany sb. 陪伴某人
62. crowd n.一伙人,一帮人;人群 & vt.挤满,使拥挤vi.聚集;挤,涌
crowded adj.拥挤的;塞满的
a crowd of 一大群;许多的
crowd out 挤出;推开
crowd into 消入:挤入
follow the crowd 随大流
crowd around 围拢,聚集在···周围
be crowded with... 挤满……
crowd in on sb. (问题或想法)涌入(某人)心头/脑海
63.poet C.n.诗人
poem C.n.诗
poetry U.n.诗集
64.admire v.钦佩;欣赏
admiration n.钦佩;赞赏;羡慕;赞美
admirer n.爱慕者;赞赏者;钦佩者
admirable adj.令人钦佩的;极好的;值得赞扬的
admired adj.受人钦佩的;感到羡慕的
admiring adj.赞赏的,羡慕的
admire sb for(doing)sth. 因……钦佩……
65.wine n.葡萄酒;果酒
winy adj.有(葡萄)酒味的;(葡萄)酒喝醉了的;(空气)清新的
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