内容正文:
参考答案:
1.(2025年全国二卷)Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.
答案:to discover。
解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:在我的成长过程中,我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物,这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used,此处应用非谓语动词, chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式,作定语。故填to discover。
2.(2022年全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
1.to journey
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。结合句意,分析句子结构可知,空处为非谓语作定语。非谓语作定语修饰名词时,若名词前有序数词修饰限定,则只能用不定式作后置定语。故填to journey。
1.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你是否曾经拼尽全力去画画,却发现颜料调错了?句中已有谓语动词have tried且无连词,故空处应用非谓语动词;结合语境和only可知,此处表示意料之外的结果,应用only to do,find和逻辑主语you为主动关系,用不定式的一般式。故填to find。
2.to be told
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们气喘吁吁地来到公司,却被告知被解雇了。根据句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作结果状语,表示没有预料到的不良结果,动词tell和主语之间是被动关系,故用不定式的被动式。故填to be told。
3.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:王博士开始质疑保护伞物种的说法,并进行了研究,结果发现保护熊猫并没有帮助中国的大型食肉动物。此处为only to do sth.,为不定式作结果状语,表示意想不到的结果。故填to find。
4.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:简匆匆赶回来,却发现母亲已经走了。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“only to do sth.”,意为“结果却……”,表示一种出乎意料的或令人失望的结果,空格处用不定式作结果状语,“find”意为“发现”,动词词性,故空格处应填“to find”。故填to find。
5.to be seen
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:恐龙在地球上已经完全灭绝,再也看不到了。分析句子结构,本句的谓语是have died out,所以空处应用非谓语动词。only和nerve后常跟不定式作结果状语,所以应用不定式,且see和逻辑主语Dinosaurs之间是动宾关系,所以应用不定式的被动式。故填to be seen。
6.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们走了好几里路去看他,却发现他刚下乡去了。分析句子可知,空处表示前一句的结果,且为意外的结果,放在only后,用不定式作结果状语。故填to find。
7.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:自豪地读着我的话,我环顾了一下教室,却发现我的同学们脸上挂着灿烂的笑容,都笑出了眼泪。根据上文“Proudly reading my words”可推知,“我”还在为自己行为感到自豪,但同学们却在大笑,“my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes”是出乎意料的结果,常用“(only) + to do”作结果状语。故填to find。
8.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她高高兴兴地回到家,却发现自己把手机忘在办公室了。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要动词不定式,作状语,表示出乎意料的结果。故填to find。
9.to find
【详解】考查to do不定式。句意:我们回到家,发现花园又干净又整洁。根据“our garden neat and tidy”可知,此处应用to do做结果状语。动词find意为“发现”。故填to find。
10.to find
【详解】考查不定式。句意:玛丽一听到这个消息就赶回家,却发现丈夫不见了。分析句子可知,这里考查only to do ,是一个常用的短语,表示某种情况或结果是出乎意料的、令人惋惜的,常常用在句子的开头,表示意外的结果。故填to find。
11.to power
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些工厂产生的能量足以为一个拥有6000人的小镇供电。本句谓语为generate,此处应用非谓语动词,故应用power“驱动,供应电力”的不定式形式,作结果状语。故填to power。
12.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我正准备写报告,却发现我的电脑坏了。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处是固定搭配only to do意思是“不料(却)……,结果(却)……”,表示一个没有料到的结果。故填to find。
13.to be informed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:小汤姆匆匆忙忙地去了体育场,结果却被告知比赛推迟了。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词went,空处需填非谓语动词作状语,此处表示“出乎意料的结果”,需用动词不定式,Little Tom和inform为逻辑上的动宾关系,需填动词不定式的被动式。故填to be informed。
14.to connect
【详解】考查不定式作结果状语。句意:一名学生不得不爬上一棵树学习,因为家里的网络信号不够强,无法连接到他的在线课程。“be (not)+形容词+enough to do sth”,固定短语,意为“(不)足够……做某事”,不定式作结果状语。故填to connect。
15.to get
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,携带足够的电池会使飞机太重而无法起飞。too...to...太……而不能……。根据句意,故填to get。
16.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她焦急地从包裹里拿出裙子试了一下,却发现不合身。only+不定式,表示意料之外的结果,所以此处用不定式作结果状语,find和she之间是主动关系,用不定式的一般式即可。故填to find。
17.to be told
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他匆匆赶往售票处,却被告知票已售罄。分析句子可知,设空处构成“only+不定式”表示意外的结果,此处表示“被告知”,应使用不定式的被动式,故填to be told。
18.to find
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:去年暑假,我回到家乡,却发现我曾经熟悉的邻居和房子都不见了。“only to do”作结果状语,表示意料之外的结果。故填to find。
19.to be told
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们匆匆忙忙地赶到酒店,结果却被告知我们不能订到房间,因为我们没有提前预定。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填非谓语动词,结合句意可知,此处表示出乎意料的结果,所以应填动词不定式,且tell与主句主语We之间的关系为被动,所以应填to be told。故填to be told。
20.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个人匆忙回到家,却发现有人闯进来过。only to+动词原形是习惯用法,表示出乎意料的结果,设空处应填入不定式作结果状语。故填to find。
21.to be trapped
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意:人们逃到邻国躲避洪水,却被困在一场可怕的战争中。分析句子可知,此处为only后接动词不定式to do作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果,结合trap和逻辑主语People为动宾关系,所以为不定式的被动语态结构。故填to be trapped。
22.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:几分钟后,伍德先生穿好衣服回来了,却发现晚会快结束了。only to do sth.为不定式作结果状语,表示意想不到的结果。根据句意,故填to find。
23.to know
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我匆忙赶到机场,却发现约翰已经走了。此处为only to do sth.,不定式作结果状语。故填to know。
24.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我走进去,兴奋地想告诉爷爷我做了什么,结果发现他正在睡觉。only to do表示出乎意料的结果,作状语,符合句意,故填to find。
25.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我冲回公园,却发现包被人拿走了。only to do结果却……,不定式作结果状语,表示意想不到的结果。根据句意,故填to find。
26.to leave
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:他们有极大的热情去探索每一个角落,并且会抓住每一个机会给别人留下好印象。分析句子结构可知,opportunity后面应跟动词不定式作后置定语。故填to leave。
27.to reduce
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:减少栖息地碎片化的努力对于维持健康的迁徙鸟类种群至关重要。空处需填非谓语动词,根据空前Efforts的固定搭配(efforts to do…),结合句意“减少栖息地碎片化的努力”,可知此处填to reduce作定语。故填to reduce。
28.to do
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:最后,决定尽你最大的努力,你将会得到最好的结果。determine后面接动词不定式作宾语,表示“决定做某事”。故填to do。
29.to use
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:使用一种语言的能力可以通过使用该语言的行为获得。空处修饰the ability,用不定式作后置定语。故填to use。
30.to take
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有人照顾孩子吗?空处修饰anyone,表示“照顾孩子的任何人”用不定式作后置定语,有将来含义。故填to take。
31.to read
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我想在即将到来的暑假里找点东西看。空处修饰something,用不定式作后置定语to read。故填to read。
32.to serve
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:当地志愿者有义务为社区服务。此处为非谓语动词作定语,修饰名词duty,have a duty to do sth.意为“有义务做某事”符合句意,所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to serve。
33.to see
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:几个人表达了想看这份报告的愿望。分析句子结构可知,句子已有谓语动词。空处需要非谓语动词作定语,修饰前面的抽象名词desire用不定式。故填to see。
34.to be completed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:明年完工的那座楼将台是我们的新图书馆。complete和The building为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用被动形式,且结合next year可知,应用动词不定式的被动形式作后置定语。故填to be completed。
35.to have been promoted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:据说Johnson是今年你们大学晋升教授的第一位年轻教师。teacher被the first修饰,一般用不定式作定语。且此处表示已经完成,意为“被晋升”,故用不定式的完成式的被动式。故填to have been promoted。
36.to settle
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这是他们找到的解决正在讨论的问题的最好方法。句中they have found是省略了关系词的定语从句,修饰the best way;the way to do sth. 意为“做某事的方法”,用不定式作后置定语,故填to settle。
37. to operate significantly appropriately
【详解】考查非谓语动词和副词。句意:在饮酒的情况下,驾驶员安全驾驶车辆的能力会受到显著影响。驾驶员可能会难以保持警觉、识别危险并作出适当的反应。第一空名词ability“能力”后常跟动词不定式作后置定语,表示“……的能力”,因此应填to operate;第二空修饰动词affect,用副词significantly意为“显著地”;第三空修饰动词respond,用副词appropriately意为“适当地”。故填①to operate②significantly③appropriately。
38.to grow
【详解】考查不定式。句意:更重要地是,我们承诺作为一个团队一起成长。由句意及空前的we made a commitment可知应填不定式形式to grow,make a commitment to do...“承诺做某事”,不定式作定语。故填to grow。
39.to smile
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:微笑的能力实际上是我们与生俱来的。空处修饰名词ability,smile需用动词不定式形式作后置定语。故填to smile。
40.to use
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:据说只有会员才有特权使用它。privilege意为“特权”,为抽象名词,此处应用to do不定式作后置定语。故填to use。
41.to circle
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:你知道谁是第一个乘宇宙飞船绕地球一周的中国人么?此处为非谓语动词作定语,当修饰的名词前有序数词修饰时用不定式作后置定语。故填to circle。
42.to be produced
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:下个月将被创作的电视剧目的就是要反映当地文化。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词play,根据时间状语next months可知,此处表示将要发生的动作,所以使用动词不定式作后置定语,且play与produce之间为被动关系,所以使用不定式的一般式的被动语态。故填to be produced。
43.to get
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:事实上,迈克总是第一个到达办公室的人。person前有序数词修饰,其后需跟不定式作后置定语。故填to get。
44.to choose
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个想法结合了选择的自由和选择建筑师的温和暗示,他们的目标是帮助人们活得更长寿、更健康、更快乐。此处修饰名词freedom,用不定式作后置定语。故填to choose。
45.to keep
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:阅读是我生活中的一个重要部分,阅读满足了我不断学习的愿望。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词desire,根据desire to do sth.可知,此处应为动词不定式作定语。故填to keep。
46.to add/to be added
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有充分文献证明定期锻炼的好处,但有一个新的好处可以添加到不断增长的列表中。在there be句型中作后置定语修饰bonus,应用动词不定式,表示将要发生的动作,可用to do也可用to be done形式。故填to add/to be added。
47.to do
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这座特殊的建筑是一个制作戏剧的地方,孩子们、艺术家、作家和其他任何人都有机会在这里做创造性的事情。空处作后置定语,修饰抽象名词opportunity,应用动词不定式。opportunity to do sth.意为“做某事的机会”。故填to do。
48.to feel
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:事实上,痛苦的经历对我们的发展以及我们如何面对未来不可避免的挑战至关重要,它们在帮助我们培养真正快乐的能力方面发挥着关键作用。“_________ (feel) truly happy”作后置定语修饰抽象名词ability,应用动词不定式。ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”。故填to feel。
49.to explore
【详解】考查不定式。句意:骑自行车是探索这座城市最经济、最可持续、最有趣的方式,这里有美丽的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。分析句子结构可知,空处应用动词不定式作后置定语,修饰抽象名词way, the way to do sth表“做某事的方法”,为固定搭配。故填to explore。
50.to cancel
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日。分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词是is,空处在句中作非谓语。由于day前面有The last修饰,所以空处需要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to cancel。
51.to receive
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:四年后,她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性。本句的谓语动词是was,空处在句中作非谓语。由于woman前面有序数词the first修饰,所以空处需要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to receive。
52.to be delivered
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们需要能在仓库工作的人,他们可以分拣和包装物品,将物品送到家庭,修理捐赠的家具等等。根据语境可知,空处表示还未发生的动作,故用动词不定式作后置定语,又deliver和名词items之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用不定式的被动式。故填to be delivered。
53.to sit
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:从你走进这学期的第一节课的那一刻起,保证要坐到教室前面,充分利用课堂时间。make a commitment to do sth.意为“承诺做某事”,不定式作后置定语。故填to sit。
54.to explore
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:显然,在新校区有很多事情等着我们去探索,这让我们非常兴奋。分析句子结构可知,there are a lot of things for us ____________ (explore) on the new campus是主句,which makes us so excited是非限制性定语从句,修饰主句内容, 在主句中,a lot of things是主语,are是系动词,for us是介词短语作定语,修饰things,表示“对我们来说”,由于for sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,表示“对某人来说做某事”,所以空格处应填动词不定式to explore,作后置定语,修饰things,表示“等着我们去探索的事情”。故填to explore。
55.to be held
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:从世界各地的收藏中挑选出来,这是他四十多年来第一次举办的大型展览。空格处用非谓语动词作定语,修饰前面的名词exhibition,exhibition前有序数词修饰,所以后面用不定式作定语,hold与exhibition之间是被动关系,所以用不定式的被动语态。故填to be held。
56.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她匆忙赶回来,却发现她的老友乔治在等她。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作状语,使用非谓语动词。根据上文“She hurried back(她匆忙赶回来)”以及下文“her old friend George waiting for her(她的老友乔治在等她)”可知下文引出的是出乎意料的结果,根据非谓语动词的用法,only等词后面常用动词不定式表示一个出乎意料的结果,所以空白处应填动词不定式,故填to find。
57.to lift
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:那块石头太重,你搬不动。分析句子结构,too…to为固定结构,含义为“太……以至于不能……”,符合句意,所以空白处应填动词不定式,故填to lift。
58.to host
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:到本世纪末,超过一半的前冬奥会主办城市将过于炎热,无法举办此类奥运会。根据too……to……“太……而不能……”,此处应使用动词不定式作结果状语,故填to host。
59.to find
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:简怒气冲冲地独自离开了,却发现自己迷失在陌生的森林里。分析句子结构,根据only to do作结果状语,表示一种意料之外的结果,故填to find。
60.to say
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:听到这个消息,她激动得一句话也说不出来了。分析句子成分可知,应为固定搭配too...to...“太……而不能……”,其中不定式为结果状语。故填to say。
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Unit 3 On the move
动词不定式做定语和结果状语
高考真题练习
1.(2025年全国二卷)Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.
2.(2022年全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
习题综合练习
1.Have you ever tried your best to paint, only (find) the paints were wrongly mixed.
2.They reached the company breathlessly, only (tell) they were fired.
3. Dr. Wang began to question the umbrella species narrative and carried out research, only (find) that panda conservation had not helped large carnivores in China.
4.Jane hurried back only (find) that her mother had left.
5.Dinosaurs have completely died out on the Earth, never (see) again.
6.We walked miles to see him, only (find) that he had just left for the countryside.
7.Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only (find) my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.
8.She got back home happily, only (find) she had left her mobile phone in her office.
9.We came home (find) our garden neat and tidy.
10.Mary rushed home immediately she heard the news,only (find) that her husband was gone.
11.The plants generate enough energy (power) a town of 6,000 people.
12.I was to write my report, only (find) my computer was out of order.
13.Little Tom went to the stadium in a hurry, only (inform) the game had been put off.
14.A student has to climb a tree to study because the network signal in his home is not strong enough (connect) to his online classes.
15.Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy (get) off the ground.
16.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only (find) it didn’t fit.
17.He hurried to the booking office, only ( tell) that the tickets had been sold out.
18.Last summer holiday, I went back to my hometown, only (find) the neighbors and the houses that I used to be familiar with were gone.
19.We hurriedly went to the hotel, only (tell) that we were not able to get a room because we hadn’t booked one in advance.
20.The man returned home, only (find) the door broken by someone.
21.People fled into the neighboring country to escape the floods, only (trap) in a terrible war.
22.Minutes later, Mr Wood returned, properly dressed, only (find) that the party was nearly over.
23.I rushed to the airport, only (know) that John had gone.
24.I went inside, excited to tell grandpa about what I’d done, only (find) he was sleeping.
25.I rushed back to the park, only (find) the bag had been taken away.
26.They have great eagerness to explore every corner and will grasp every opportunity (leave) a good impression on others.
27.Efforts (reduce) habitat fragmentation are important for maintaining healthy populations of migratory birds.
28.In the end, determine (do) your best, and you will receive the best.
29.The ability (use) a language can be acquired by the act of using the language.
30.Is there anyone (take) care of the children?
31.I want to get something (read) in the coming summer holidays.
32.Local volunteers have a duty (serve) the community.
33.Several people have expressed a desire (see) the report.
34.The building (complete) next year will be our new library.
35.Johnson is said to be the first young teacher (promote)to professor in your university this year.
36.This is the best way they have found (settle) the problem being discussed at present.
37.With alcohol, the driver’s abilities (operate) a vehicle safely are (significant) affected. The driver would struggle to stay alert, recognize dangers and respond (appropriate).
38.More importantly, we made a commitment (grow) together as a team.
39.The ability (smile) is actually something we are born with.
40.It is said that only members have the privilege (use) it.
41.Do you know who is the first Chinese (circle) the earth in a spaceship?
42.The play (produce) next months aims to mainly reflect the local culture.
43.It is a fact that Mike is always the first person (get) to the office.
44.This idea combines freedom (choose) with gentle hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.
45.Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire (keep) learning.
46.The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus (add) to the ever-growing list.
47.This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会) (do) creative things.
48.Painful experiences are in fact vital (极其重要的) for our development and how we face the unavoidable challenges ahead, and they play a key role in helping us develop our ability (feel) truly happy.
49.Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way (explore) the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights.
50.The last day (cancel) registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15.
51.Four years later, she was the first African American woman (receive) a medical degree.
52.We need people who can work at our warehouse (仓库) sorting and packing items (deliver) to families, repair donated furniture and more.
53.From the moment you walk into your very first class this semester, make a commitment (sit) in the front of the class and make full use of the time in the class.
54.Obviously, there are a lot of things for us (explore) on the new campus, which makes us so excited.
55.Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work (hold) in over forty years.
56.She hurried back only (find)her old friend George waiting for her.
57.The stone is too heavy for you (lift).
58.More than half of former host cities for the Winter Olympics will be too hot (host) such games by the end of this century.
59.Jane left alone with extreme anger,only (find) that she was lost in the unfamiliar forest.
60.She was too excited (say) a word when she heard the news.
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