寒假作业05 定语从句（非限制性定语从句）（巩固培优）高一英语人教版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业05 定语从句（限制性定语从句） 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 一、形式、功能、含义不同 限制性定语从句的主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，从句对先行词的意义进行修饰和限定，如果把从句去掉，就会造成句意发生变化，甚至不能成立。 非限制性定语从句的主句和从句之间通常用逗号隔开，从句对先行词起补充说明的作用，如果把从句省略掉，对句意没有太大影响。 二、翻译不同 1. I’ve invited Mary who lives next door. 我邀请了隔壁的Mary。 2. I’ve invited Mary, who lives next door. 我邀请了Mary，她就住在隔壁。 限制性定语从句翻译为“……的”； 非限制性定语从句翻译为一个单独的句子。 三、先行词不同 1. He married someone that he met on a bus. 限制性定语从句的先行词为_名词/代词_。 2. He got married again a year later, which surprised everyone. 非限制性定语从句的先行词为_名词/代词/句子__。 特殊用法 1.“介词 + 关系代词” 介词选择依据：先行词的固定搭配、从句动词的固定搭配、句意逻辑。 注意：介词后只能用 which（指物）或 whom（指人），不可用 that/who。 2.部分 + of + 关系代词” 结构 常用 “部分词”：all/most/some/none/both/half/either/neither+of+which（指物）/whom（指人），表 “整体中的部分”。 例：①He has five books, three of which are English novels.（指物，整体 5 本，部分 3 本） ②There are 20 students, most of whom are from the south.（指人，整体 20 人，部分大多数） 3 .as 与 which 的核心区别 1.As引导的非限可置于主句前、句中和句后，用逗号隔开；表 “正如、正像”，含预设意味 固定句型 | as we know/as is reported/as often happens As was expected,he performed the task with success. 2.which引导的非限只能在主句后，用逗号隔开：The small workshop became a large factory,which employed 278 people. 4.as引导的非限制性定语从句 which/as作关系代词可引导非限制性定语从句，可代整个主句。 as的意思为“正如、就像……那样”，which翻译为“这，这一点”，相当于and this或and that。 as 引导的定语从句位置灵活，而which引导的定语从句只能后置。 As is known to all, smoking is harmful to our health. = Smoking is harmful to our health, as is known to all. = Smoking, as is known to all, is harmful to our health. 比较：Smoking is harmful to our health, which is known to all. as常与从句中的know/see/hear/expect等动词连用 _As is widely acknowledged_ (人们普遍认为), education plays a crucial role in societal development. He was absent, _as is often the case_.（常有的事） _As was expected,_ (正如我们所料) he succeeded at last. John, _as_ you expected, won the first prize. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _which_ came as a surprise. 众所周知，成都以大熊猫闻名。 _As_ is known to all, Chengdu is famous for pandas. _ It_ is known to all that Chengdu is famous for pandas. _What_ is known to all is that Chengdu is famous for pandas. 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择（每题1份，共15分） 1. Is this museum ________ you visited a few days ago? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 2. Is this the museum ________ the exhibition was held. A. where　 B. that C. on which D. the one 3. Is there any fruit shop nearby ________ we can buy some fruit? A. at that B. at where C. which D. at which 4. I can still remember the sitting-room ________ my mother used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. where D. that 5. I see no reason ________ this cannot be done right now. A. but B. why C. how D. which 6. a. It is such an interesting book ____ we all want to read twice. b. It is such an interesting book ____ we all want to read it twice. A. as, as B. that, that C. as, that D. that, as 7. I have never heard such stories ________ he tells. A. as B. that C. which D. what 8. This book is written in such easy English ________ beginners can understand. A. / B. that C. which D. as 9. This book is written in such easy English ________ beginners can understand it. A. what B. that C. which D. as 10. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ________ it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 11. Many young people in the West are expected to leave ________ could be life’s most important decision – marriage – almost entirely up to luck. A. as B. that C. which D. what 12. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ________ their parents speak at home. A. what B. that C. which D. one 13. ________ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. A. It B. What C. As D. Which 14. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of _______ you read． A. that B. what C. which D. whether 15. ________ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共10分） 1．I borrowed the book Jane Eyre from the library last week. My classmates recommended the book to me.(用非限制性定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 2．That evening I ended up working very late. I will tell you more about it later. (用定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 3．Xi’an is one of the few cities with city walls. Its walls remain as good as before. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 4．On an autumn afternoon, I went to a farm with my father. I learnt to plant potatoes there. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 5．The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room. My brother is talking to the old man. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 6．I wish to thank Professor Smith. Without Smith’s help I would never have got this opportunity. (用定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 7．John invited about 40 people to his wedding. Most of them are family members. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 8．金先生的双腿严重受伤，被迅速送往了医院。 Mr King,__ ______ , was quickly taken to hospital. 9．我有一个儿子，他现在在大学学习物理。 I have a son, in the university. 10．她要到澳门去度假，在那里她将游览几处名胜。 She is going to spend the holiday in Macao, . 一、阅读理解 A Are you looking for a unique gift for someone special? Look no further than our custom-made photo albums! With our albums, you can display your favorite memories in a beautiful and personalized way. Each album is carefully crafted with high-quality materials to ensure durability. You can choose from a variety of sizes, colors, and cover designs to match any style. Whether it’s a birthday, anniversary, or just a way to show someone you care, our photo albums are the perfect choice. Order now and create a lasting memory! 1．What is special about the photo albums? A．They are cheap. B．They are mass-produced. C．They can be personalized. D．They only come in one size. 2．For which occasion might someone buy these photo albums? A．A job interview. B．A wedding. C．A business meeting. D．A sports competition. 3．What can we know about the materials of the photo albums? A．They are of low quality. B．They are not very durable. C．They are carefully selected for good quality. D．They are all imported from abroad. B When I arrived at the Bulawayo Airport I remember feeling anxious and nervous! It was the first time I was leaving my country and I had no idea what to expect. I was met at the airport by Nikki Wilson and her son Ryan, who were part of the staff. They were so friendly and comforting; they immediately put me at ease. When we arrived at the African Wildlife Orphanage project Nikki gave me a quick tour of the center so I could explore it on my own. After unpacking and meeting the other volunteers, I was told I could help with feeding some of the baby animals. I was all for jumping right in and helping, after all it is what I was there for! After about a week we got enough volunteers to form four groups where each group worked in a different area of the orphanage. The different sections included working with carnivores, primates, and antelope. Also, two groups were in charge of the babies each day. It was nice because every day you were doing something different. The first day I was working with the carnivores, so we were in charge of cleaning one of the two big enclosures (围场) that housed five male lions. We also had to clean out the pond, which meant getting down and emptying it by hand. Once the pond was clean and filled with new water, we got all the bones and uneaten food out. We not only helped at the orphanage, but also in the community. I participated (参加) in a cancer walk, which was a great experience. We visited schools and gave the children pens, pencils, cardboard boxes, and tin cans so they could do arts and crafts. The children were so kind and polite and extremely thankful for the art supplies. We also visited schools and took animals to teach the children about the wildlife that lives around them. It was great getting into the local community and educating others on the importance of Zimbabwe’s natural environment. 4．How did the author feel when first told to feed baby animals? A．Anxious. B．Confused. C．Excited. D．Surprised. 5．Which words can best describe the author’s personality? A．Caring and adventurous. B．Outgoing and honest. C．Adaptable and forgetful. D．Helpful and quiet. 6．What did the author do in the local community? A．The author took part in a walk and gave away artworks. B．The author brought animals to schools and shared knowledge. C．The author organized events to raise money for students in need. D．The author helped sell supplies and host activities about wildlife protection. 7．What is the best title for the text? A．A View of Zimbabwe’s Wildlife. B．A Voluntary Experience in Africa. C．A Project to Save Endangered Animals. D．An Amazing Travel Experience Abroad. C When you encounter animals, do you wonder what they’re thinking? Seeing a newborn lamb or a cute puppy might arouse happy emotions in us, but what are they thinking? Does the look on their face and the way they behave indicate how they’re feeling — or are they feeling nothing at all? Humans have a range of emotions, but it’s hard to tell what’s going on inside the heads of animals, mainly because they can’t express their feelings. Perhaps it’s pets we think we understand most — as they are the animals we spend a lot of time with and therefore get to know best. Some of us own dogs because they are good companions, are loyal and seem to connect with us. We might even think they love us, although love could just be a human emotion. Professor Kim Bard, an expert from the University of Portsmouth, told the BBC: “We have a few studies now that actually show scientifically that some dogs will respond with concern when their owner — but not a stranger — pretends to cry.” Other wild animals might have feelings too. Giraffes and whales, for example, are known to experience grief when someone in their group dies. Farm animals we often eat, such as cows and chickens, are also believed to experience pain, joy and other emotions. It’s believed even tiny creatures like insects might have emotions as well. It does seem all creatures feel emotion, but what is not clear is do they feel the same way as us. If we understand the depths of emotions animals can feel, this should make us question the existence of zoos and slaughterhouses (屠宰场) around the world, and rethink those systems. 8．What’s the author’s purpose of writing Paragraph 1? A．To raise a question. B．To make a comparison. C．To bring in the topic. D．To present an argument. 9．Why does the author think the animals we understand most are our pets? A．Because they are the animals we love most. B．Because they are good companions and are loyal to us. C．Because they are the animals we usually stay with. D．Because they love us, although love could just be a human emotion. 10．What does the underlined word “grief” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Happiness. B．Sadness. C．Excitement. D．Panic. 11．What’s the author’s attitude towards the existence of zoos and slaughterhouses? A．Positive. B．Indifferent. C．Objective. D．Doubtful. 二、七选五 Tips for Staying Sharp It’s normal to feel out of it from time to time or perhaps you’re feeling a bit sluggish (迟钝的) when it comes to remembering things. 1 , try out these five tips to stay sharp. 2 . You’ve probably heard the term “you are what you eat.” If you decide to eat sugary foods that are heavy with fats, then expect to feel lazy and have no energy. But if you decide to eat fruits, vegetables and make other healthy eating decisions you’ll find that you’re full of energy. Never stop learning. 3 — whether it is puzzles, reading, cooking or other tasks that will keep your mind working. If your mind is always learning new things and active, you’ll realize that it’s much easier for you to learn new things. Remember you brain is a muscle and if you want to get the most out of it, you must use it. Stay fit. Being in good health is a big part of staying sharp. 4 , your body is not going to give you the energy that requires remembering things and completing tasks. However, if you put the effort into being healthy then your body will give the energy you need to achieve your goals. Ensure enough sleep. Be sure to get the necessary amount of sleep that your body needs to function on a daily basis. 5 . It also helps your body build up an energy reserve so you can improve your ability to focus and avoid distractions. A．Feed your brain B．Avoid eating too much C．If you choose to be lazy D．Lack of sleep leads to tiredness and slow reaction E．If you’re worried about your forgetfulness F．According to studies, sleep helps strengthen and recover your memories G．Challenge yourself constantly 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has countless 1 (attract). The Great Wall is probably one that is most familiar to the Western tourists. The Great Wall is like a giant stone dragon, 2 (run) across the country from the ocean on the east 3 the desert on the west. It is the longest wall that 4 (build) ever, 1,500 miles in length. Along the wall 5 (be) watch towers, where soldiers were on the watch for threats. The wall was initially built to prevent the neighbouring states from 6 (attack) our country, and the majority of the existing wall is from 7 Ming Dynasty. From the top of the Great Wall, people can enjoy an 8 (impress) view of continuous mountains, green trees and blooming wild flowers. If we were to build such a wall now, we would use modern machines. However, the ancient Chinese had to build the wall by hand. The Great Wall represents the highest wisdom of ancient China, 9 attracts tourists from all over the world every year. As the saying goes, “he who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.” 10 (doubt) a day tour or a long hike along the Great Wall allows you to travel back in time to feel the thousands of years’ups and downs of the ancient Kingdom of China. 二、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Emily was struggling to make ends meet, working two jobs just to afford a tiny apartment in the heart of the city. Despite her efforts, she often found herself feeling overwhelmed by the hardship of city life. One cold evening, as Emily got home from her second job, she noticed a homeless man on the street corner, shaking under a thin blanket (毯子). His eyes, filled with a mixture of hopelessness and tiredness, met hers briefly before he lowered his head. Without a second thought, Emily approached the man and offered him her scarf. “Here, you must be cold,” she said softly, putting the scarf around his shoulders. The man looked up at her, his eyes widening in surprise at this unexpected act of kindness. “Thank you,” he said. From that day on, Emily made it a habit to stop and chat with the homeless man, whose name she learned was Greg. She brought him hot meals, blankets, and sometimes even books to pass the time. In return, Greg shared stories of his past — a life once filled with love and laughter, now lost to the cold streets. As the days passed by, Emily found herself looking forward to their daily encounters (相遇). In Greg, she found a similar spirit—a gentle soul beat by life’s hardships but still resilient (坚韧的). And in Emily, Greg found a light of hope — a reminder that even in the darkest of times, there are still pockets of light to be found. One evening, as Emily sat beside Greg on the cold street, she noticed something unusual in his eyes. “What is it, Greg?” she asked, sensing his unspoken thoughts. Greg hesitated fora moment before speaking, his voice shaking with emotion. “I want to change my life, Emily,” he said. “I want to leave these streets behind and start anew.” 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I believe in you, Greg,” Emily smiled, with pride for her friend. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________      One sunny afternoon, Greg went to the same street corner. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业05 定语从句（限制性定语从句） 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 一、形式、功能、含义不同 限制性定语从句的主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，从句对先行词的意义进行修饰和限定，如果把从句去掉，就会造成句意发生变化，甚至不能成立。 非限制性定语从句的主句和从句之间通常用逗号隔开，从句对先行词起补充说明的作用，如果把从句省略掉，对句意没有太大影响。 二、翻译不同 1. I’ve invited Mary who lives next door. 我邀请了隔壁的Mary。 2. I’ve invited Mary, who lives next door. 我邀请了Mary，她就住在隔壁。 限制性定语从句翻译为“……的”； 非限制性定语从句翻译为一个单独的句子。 三、先行词不同 1. He married someone that he met on a bus. 限制性定语从句的先行词为_名词/代词_。 2. He got married again a year later, which surprised everyone. 非限制性定语从句的先行词为_名词/代词/句子__。 特殊用法 1.“介词 + 关系代词” 介词选择依据：先行词的固定搭配、从句动词的固定搭配、句意逻辑。 注意：介词后只能用 which（指物）或 whom（指人），不可用 that/who。 2.部分 + of + 关系代词” 结构 常用 “部分词”：all/most/some/none/both/half/either/neither+of+which（指物）/whom（指人），表 “整体中的部分”。 例：①He has five books, three of which are English novels.（指物，整体 5 本，部分 3 本） ②There are 20 students, most of whom are from the south.（指人，整体 20 人，部分大多数） 3 .as 与 which 的核心区别 1.As引导的非限可置于主句前、句中和句后，用逗号隔开；表 “正如、正像”，含预设意味 固定句型 | as we know/as is reported/as often happens As was expected,he performed the task with success. 2.which引导的非限只能在主句后，用逗号隔开：The small workshop became a large factory,which employed 278 people. 4.as引导的非限制性定语从句 which/as作关系代词可引导非限制性定语从句，可代整个主句。 as的意思为“正如、就像……那样”，which翻译为“这，这一点”，相当于and this或and that。 as 引导的定语从句位置灵活，而which引导的定语从句只能后置。 As is known to all, smoking is harmful to our health. = Smoking is harmful to our health, as is known to all. = Smoking, as is known to all, is harmful to our health. 比较：Smoking is harmful to our health, which is known to all. as常与从句中的know/see/hear/expect等动词连用 _As is widely acknowledged_ (人们普遍认为), education plays a crucial role in societal development. He was absent, _as is often the case_.（常有的事） _As was expected,_ (正如我们所料) he succeeded at last. John, _as_ you expected, won the first prize. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _which_ came as a surprise. 众所周知，成都以大熊猫闻名。 _As_ is known to all, Chengdu is famous for pandas. _ It_ is known to all that Chengdu is famous for pandas. _What_ is known to all is that Chengdu is famous for pandas. 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择（每题1份，共15分） 1. Is this museum ________ you visited a few days ago? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这是你几天前参观的那个博物馆吗？ 考查定语从句的先行词+关系词。把该句变为陈述句为This museum is ____ you visited a few days ago.，主句缺少表语the one，其后的定语从句省略了作宾语的关系词that/which，故选D。 2. Is this the museum ________ the exhibition was held. A. where　 B. that C. on which D. the one 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这是举办展览的那个博物馆吗？ 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是the museum，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导定语从句（where=in which），故选A。 3. Is there any fruit shop nearby ________ we can buy some fruit? A. at that B. at where C. which D. at which 【答案】D 【解析】句意：附近有我们能买到水果的水果店吗？ 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是fruit shop，指地点，从句中需用at the fruit shop，关系词用介词+which的结构，即at which，定语从句中无at where/at that的用法，故选D。 4. I can still remember the sitting-room ________ my mother used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. where D. that 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我依然记得母亲过去晚上常坐着的那个客厅。 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是the sitting-room，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，需用where引导定语从句，故选C。 5. I see no reason ________ this cannot be done right now. A. but B. why C. how D. which 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我看不出为什么这件事现在不能做。 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是the reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，定语从句需用why引导，故选B。 6. a. It is such an interesting book ____ we all want to read twice. b. It is such an interesting book ____ we all want to read it twice. A. as, as B. that, that C. as, that D. that, as 【答案】C 【解析】句意：a.这是一本如此有趣的书，我们都想读两遍。b.这本书太有趣了，以至于我们都想读两遍。 考查定语从句和结果状语从句。a句中先行词被such修饰，定语从句中缺宾语，用as引导定语从句；b句是such...that...（如此……以至于……）引导的结果状语从句，从句成分完整，用that，故选C。 7. I have never heard such stories ________ he tells. A. as B. that C. which D. what 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我从未听过他讲的这类故事。 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词被such修饰，定语从句中缺宾语，定语从句只能用as引导，故选A。 8. This book is written in such easy English ________ beginners can understand. A. / B. that C. which D. as 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这本书用初学者都能看懂的简单英语写成。 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词被such修饰，定语从句中缺understand的宾语，定语从句只能用as引导，故选D。 9. This book is written in such easy English ________ beginners can understand it. A. what B. that C. which D. as 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这本书的英语写得如此简单，以至于初学者都能看懂。 考查结果状语从句。such...that...（如此……以至于……）引导结果状语从句，从句成分完整，用that，故选B。 10. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ________ it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 【答案】C 【解析】句意：她对我们来说非常珍贵。我们已经准备好付出一切来挽救她的生命。 考查宾语从句的连接词。空处作do的宾语，同时在宾语从句中作takes的宾语，指“任何事物，一切”，用whatever，故选C。 11. Many young people in the West are expected to leave ________ could be life’s most important decision – marriage – almost entirely up to luck. A. as B. that C. which D. what 【答案】D 【解析】句意：西方的许多年轻人被认为把人生中最重要的决定——婚姻，几乎完全交由命运决定。 考查宾语从句的连接词。空处作leave的宾语，同时在宾语从句中作主语，指“……的事情”，用what，故选D。 12. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ________ their parents speak at home. A. what B. that C. which D. one 【答案】A 【解析】句意：一些孩子想通过学习一门和父母在家说的语言不同的语言来挑战自己。 考查宾语从句的连接词。空处作from的宾语，同时在宾语从句中作speak的宾语，指“……的语言”，用what，故选A。 13. ________ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. A. It B. What C. As D. Which 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们所有人都知道的是2008年奥运会将在北京举办。 考查主语从句的连接词。空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指“……的事情”，用what；若用It，句式为It is known to us all that...；As引导非限制性定语从句，需放句首且后接逗号，故选B。 14. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of _______ you read． A. that B. what C. which D. whether 【答案】B 【解析】句意：通过提升阅读技巧，你可以读得更快，也能更好地理解你所读的内容。 考查宾语从句的连接词。空处作of的宾语，同时在宾语从句中作read的宾语，指“……的内容”，用what，故选B。 15. ________ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who 【答案】C 【解析】句意：任何想要住酒店的人都必须自己付钱。 考查主语从句的连接词。whoever=anyone who，既引导主语从句，又在从句中作主语，表“无论谁，任何人”；who表特指“谁”，语气不符，故选C。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共10分） 1．I borrowed the book Jane Eyre from the library last week. My classmates recommended the book to me.(用非限制性定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】I borrowed the book Jane Eyre, which my classmates recommended to me, from the library last week. 【解析】句意：上周我从图书馆借了《简·爱》这本书，我的同学把这本书推荐给了我。 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是the book Jane Eyre，指物，非限制性定语从句用which引导，which在从句中作宾语。 2．That evening I ended up working very late. I will tell you more about it later. (用定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】I will tell you more about that evening when I ended up working very late later. 【解析】句意：稍后我会跟你多讲讲我那晚工作到很晚的这件事。 考查定语从句。先行词是that evening，指时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用when引导定语从句。 3．Xi’an is one of the few cities with city walls. Its walls remain as good as before. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】Xi'an, whose walls remain as good as before, is one of the few cities with city walls. 【解析】句意：西安是少数拥有城墙的城市之一，它的城墙依旧保存完好。 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是Xi'an，关系词在从句中作walls的定语，表所属关系，用whose引导非限制性定语从句。 4．On an autumn afternoon, I went to a farm with my father. I learnt to plant potatoes there. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】On an autumn afternoon, I went to a farm with my father, where I learnt to plant potatoes. 【解析】句意：在一个秋日的下午，我和爸爸去了一个农场，在那里我学会了种土豆。 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是a farm，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导非限制性定语从句。 5．The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room. My brother is talking to the old man. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】The old man, to whom my brother is talking, saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room. 【解析】句意：那位老人看到一些德国人拆解琥珀屋，我弟弟正在和这位老人交谈。 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是the old man，指人，从句中是talk to sb.的结构，介词to提前，用to whom引导非限制性定语从句。 6．I wish to thank Professor Smith. Without Smith’s help I would never have got this opportunity. (用定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this opportunity. 【解析】句意：我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我绝不会得到这个机会。 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是Professor Smith，关系词在从句中作help的定语，表所属关系，介词without可提前至whose前，用without whose引导从句。 7．John invited about 40 people to his wedding. Most of them are family members. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members. 【解析】句意：约翰邀请了大约四十个人参加他的婚礼，他们中的大多数都是家人。 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是about 40 people，指人，表“其中的大多数”，用most of whom引导非限制性定语从句。 8．金先生的双腿严重受伤，被迅速送往了医院。 Mr King,__ ______ , was quickly taken to hospital. 【答案】whose legs were badly hurt 【解析】句意：金先生的双腿严重受伤，他被迅速送往了医院。 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是Mr King，关系词在从句中作legs的定语，表所属关系，用whose引导从句。 9．我有一个儿子，他现在在大学学习物理。 I have a son, in the university. 【答案】who is studying physics 【解析】句意：我有一个儿子，他现在正在大学里学习物理。 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是a son，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导从句，结合句意用现在进行时。 10．她要到澳门去度假，在那里她将游览几处名胜。 She is going to spend the holiday in Macao, . 【答案】where she will visit several places of interest 【解析】句意：她打算去澳门度假，在那里她将游览几处名胜古迹。 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是Macao，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导从句。 一、阅读理解 A Are you looking for a unique gift for someone special? Look no further than our custom-made photo albums! With our albums, you can display your favorite memories in a beautiful and personalized way. Each album is carefully crafted with high-quality materials to ensure durability. You can choose from a variety of sizes, colors, and cover designs to match any style. Whether it’s a birthday, anniversary, or just a way to show someone you care, our photo albums are the perfect choice. Order now and create a lasting memory! 1．What is special about the photo albums? A．They are cheap. B．They are mass-produced. C．They can be personalized. D．They only come in one size. 2．For which occasion might someone buy these photo albums? A．A job interview. B．A wedding. C．A business meeting. D．A sports competition. 3．What can we know about the materials of the photo albums? A．They are of low quality. B．They are not very durable. C．They are carefully selected for good quality. D．They are all imported from abroad. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一款可定制的相册产品，强调其个性化设计、高质量材料及适用场景。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“Look no further than our custom-made photo albums!(看看我们的定制相册吧！)”以及“You can choose from a variety of sizes, colors, and cover designs to match any style.(您可以选择各种尺寸，颜色和封面设计，以匹配任何风格。)”可知，这些相册的特别之处在于它们可以个性化定制。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文中“Whether it’s a birthday, anniversary, or just a way to show someone you care, our photo albums are the perfect choice.(无论是生日、纪念日，还是只是表达你对某人的关心的一种方式，我们的相册都是完美的选择)”可知，在一些庆祝或表达关心的场合适合买这些相册，结合选项可推断，B选项“A wedding(婚礼)”这个场合人们可能买这些相册。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“Each album is carefully crafted with high-quality materials to ensure durability.(每本相册都精心制作，采用高质量材料以确保耐用性)”可知，相册的材料是精心挑选的高质量材料。故选C。 B When I arrived at the Bulawayo Airport I remember feeling anxious and nervous! It was the first time I was leaving my country and I had no idea what to expect. I was met at the airport by Nikki Wilson and her son Ryan, who were part of the staff. They were so friendly and comforting; they immediately put me at ease. When we arrived at the African Wildlife Orphanage project Nikki gave me a quick tour of the center so I could explore it on my own. After unpacking and meeting the other volunteers, I was told I could help with feeding some of the baby animals. I was all for jumping right in and helping, after all it is what I was there for! After about a week we got enough volunteers to form four groups where each group worked in a different area of the orphanage. The different sections included working with carnivores, primates, and antelope. Also, two groups were in charge of the babies each day. It was nice because every day you were doing something different. The first day I was working with the carnivores, so we were in charge of cleaning one of the two big enclosures (围场) that housed five male lions. We also had to clean out the pond, which meant getting down and emptying it by hand. Once the pond was clean and filled with new water, we got all the bones and uneaten food out. We not only helped at the orphanage, but also in the community. I participated (参加) in a cancer walk, which was a great experience. We visited schools and gave the children pens, pencils, cardboard boxes, and tin cans so they could do arts and crafts. The children were so kind and polite and extremely thankful for the art supplies. We also visited schools and took animals to teach the children about the wildlife that lives around them. It was great getting into the local community and educating others on the importance of Zimbabwe’s natural environment. 4．How did the author feel when first told to feed baby animals? A．Anxious. B．Confused. C．Excited. D．Surprised. 5．Which words can best describe the author’s personality? A．Caring and adventurous. B．Outgoing and honest. C．Adaptable and forgetful. D．Helpful and quiet. 6．What did the author do in the local community? A．The author took part in a walk and gave away artworks. B．The author brought animals to schools and shared knowledge. C．The author organized events to raise money for students in need. D．The author helped sell supplies and host activities about wildlife protection. 7．What is the best title for the text? A．A View of Zimbabwe’s Wildlife. B．A Voluntary Experience in Africa. C．A Project to Save Endangered Animals. D．An Amazing Travel Experience Abroad. 【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次出国参加非洲野生动物孤儿院项目的志愿者活动，并描述了这段经历以及自己在当地社区所做的事情。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I was all for jumping right in and helping, after all it is what I was there for! (我完全赞成立即跳进去帮忙，毕竟这就是我来这儿的目的！)”可知，当作者第一次被告知要喂小动物时，感到很激动，迫不及待地想要尝试。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It was the first time I was leaving my country and I had no idea what to expect (这是我第一次离开我的国家，我不知道该期待什么。)”可知，作者第一次出国，很期待接下来的经历，因此作者敢于尝试，富有冒险精神；根据文章最后一段“We visited schools and gave the children pens, pencils, cardboard boxes, and tin cans so they could do arts and crafts. The children were so kind and polite and extremely thankful for the art supplies (我们访问了学校，给孩子们带去了钢笔、铅笔、纸板箱和锡罐，这样他们就可以做手工艺品了。这些孩子们非常善良、有礼貌，对这些艺术用品感激不尽。)”可推测出作者一行人帮助当地儿童，乐于助人。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“We also visited schools and took animals to teach the children about the wildlife that lives around them (我们还访问了学校，带去了动物，以教育孩子们了解他们周围生活着的野生动物。)”可知，作者在当地社区把动物带到学校并分享知识。故选B。 7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“When we arrived at the African Wildlife Orphanage project Nikki gave me a quick tour of the center so I could explore it on my own. After unpacking and meeting the other volunteers, I was told I could help with feeding some of the baby animals. I was all for jumping right in and helping, after all it is what I was there for! (当我们到达非洲野生动物孤儿院项目时，Nikki带我快速参观了中心，这样我就可以自己探索了。在整理好行李并与其他志愿者见面后，我被告知可以帮忙喂养一些小动物。我完全赞成立即跳进去帮忙，毕竟这就是我来这儿的目的！)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者第一次出国参加非洲野生动物孤儿院项目的志愿者活动，并描述了这段经历以及自己在当地社区所做的事情，所以文章最好的标题是B项“在非洲的志愿者经历”。故选B。 C When you encounter animals, do you wonder what they’re thinking? Seeing a newborn lamb or a cute puppy might arouse happy emotions in us, but what are they thinking? Does the look on their face and the way they behave indicate how they’re feeling — or are they feeling nothing at all? Humans have a range of emotions, but it’s hard to tell what’s going on inside the heads of animals, mainly because they can’t express their feelings. Perhaps it’s pets we think we understand most — as they are the animals we spend a lot of time with and therefore get to know best. Some of us own dogs because they are good companions, are loyal and seem to connect with us. We might even think they love us, although love could just be a human emotion. Professor Kim Bard, an expert from the University of Portsmouth, told the BBC: “We have a few studies now that actually show scientifically that some dogs will respond with concern when their owner — but not a stranger — pretends to cry.” Other wild animals might have feelings too. Giraffes and whales, for example, are known to experience grief when someone in their group dies. Farm animals we often eat, such as cows and chickens, are also believed to experience pain, joy and other emotions. It’s believed even tiny creatures like insects might have emotions as well. It does seem all creatures feel emotion, but what is not clear is do they feel the same way as us. If we understand the depths of emotions animals can feel, this should make us question the existence of zoos and slaughterhouses (屠宰场) around the world, and rethink those systems. 8．What’s the author’s purpose of writing Paragraph 1? A．To raise a question. B．To make a comparison. C．To bring in the topic. D．To present an argument. 9．Why does the author think the animals we understand most are our pets? A．Because they are the animals we love most. B．Because they are good companions and are loyal to us. C．Because they are the animals we usually stay with. D．Because they love us, although love could just be a human emotion. 10．What does the underlined word “grief” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Happiness. B．Sadness. C．Excitement. D．Panic. 11．What’s the author’s attitude towards the existence of zoos and slaughterhouses? A．Positive. B．Indifferent. C．Objective. D．Doubtful. 【答案】8．C 9．C 10．B 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了动物是否有情感以及情感程度，指出宠物和野生动物可能都有情感，还引发了对动物园和屠宰场存在合理性的思考。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段中“When you encounter animals, do you wonder what they’re thinking? Seeing a newborn lamb or a cute puppy might arouse happy emotions in us, but what are they thinking? Does the look on their face and the way they behave indicate how they’re feeling — or are they feeling nothing at all?(当你遇到动物时，你是否想知道它们在想什么?看到一只新生的小羊或一只可爱的小狗可能会在我们心中激起快乐的情绪，但它们在想什么呢?它们脸上的表情和它们的行为方式是否表明了它们的感受——或者它们什么都没有感觉到？)”可推知，作者通过提出问题引发读者兴趣，从而引入动物是否有情感这一话题。故选C项。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Perhaps it’s pets we think we understand most — as they are the animals we spend a lot of time with and therefore get to know best.(也许我们认为最了解的是宠物——因为它们是我们花很多时间相处的动物，因此也最了解它们)”可知，作者认为我们最了解宠物是因为我们通常和它们待在一起。故选C项。 10．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Other wild animals might have feelings too. Giraffes and whales, for example, are known to experience grief when someone in their group dies.(其他野生动物可能也有感情。例如，众所周知，当长颈鹿和鲸鱼群体中的某一个死亡时，它们会经历grief)”可知，划线词所在句用举例的方式来说明其他野生动物可能也有感情，结合常识，群体中有成员死亡时，动物感受到的情感应该是“悲伤”。由此可知，划线词grief意思是“悲伤”，与B项“Sadness”同义。故选B项。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If we understand the depths of emotions animals can feel, this should make us question the existence of zoos and slaughterhouses (屠宰场) around the world, and rethink those systems.(如果我们了解动物能感受到的情感深度，这应该会让我们质疑世界各地动物园和屠宰场的存在，并重新思考这些体系)”可推知，作者对动物园和屠宰场的存在表示怀疑。故选D项。 二、七选五 Tips for Staying Sharp It’s normal to feel out of it from time to time or perhaps you’re feeling a bit sluggish (迟钝的) when it comes to remembering things. 1 , try out these five tips to stay sharp. 2 . You’ve probably heard the term “you are what you eat.” If you decide to eat sugary foods that are heavy with fats, then expect to feel lazy and have no energy. But if you decide to eat fruits, vegetables and make other healthy eating decisions you’ll find that you’re full of energy. Never stop learning. 3 — whether it is puzzles, reading, cooking or other tasks that will keep your mind working. If your mind is always learning new things and active, you’ll realize that it’s much easier for you to learn new things. Remember you brain is a muscle and if you want to get the most out of it, you must use it. Stay fit. Being in good health is a big part of staying sharp. 4 , your body is not going to give you the energy that requires remembering things and completing tasks. However, if you put the effort into being healthy then your body will give the energy you need to achieve your goals. Ensure enough sleep. Be sure to get the necessary amount of sleep that your body needs to function on a daily basis. 5 . It also helps your body build up an energy reserve so you can improve your ability to focus and avoid distractions. A．Feed your brain B．Avoid eating too much C．If you choose to be lazy D．Lack of sleep leads to tiredness and slow reaction E．If you’re worried about your forgetfulness F．According to studies, sleep helps strengthen and recover your memories G．Challenge yourself constantly 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保持思维敏锐的五个小贴士，包括健康饮食、不断学习、保持健康、保证充足睡眠等。 1．根据上文“It’s normal to feel out of it from time to time or perhaps you’re feeling a bit sluggish (迟钝的) when it comes to remembering things.(有时候，当你想起一些事情的时候，你会感到心不在焉，或者感觉有点迟钝，这是很正常的)”和下文“try out these five tips to stay sharp(试试这五个保持思维敏锐的小贴士)”说明，如果有记忆力方面的担忧可以尝试这些方法。E选项“If you’re worried about your forgetfulness(如果你担心自己健忘)”符合语境。故选E项。 2．下文“You’ve probably heard the term ‘you are what you eat.’ If you decide to eat sugary foods that are heavy with fats, then expect to feel lazy and have no energy. But if you decide to eat fruits, vegetables and make other healthy eating decisions you’ll find that you’re full of energy.(你可能听过“人如其食”这句话。如果你决定吃高糖高脂的食物，那么你会感到懒惰且没有精力。但如果你决定吃水果、蔬菜并做出其他健康的饮食选择，你会发现自己充满活力)”强调了饮食对大脑和身体状态的影响。A选项“Feed your brain(滋养你的大脑)”符合语境，因为健康饮食就是在滋养大脑，为大脑提供能量。故选A项。 3．下文“whether it is puzzles, reading, cooking or other tasks that will keep your mind working(无论是拼图、阅读、烹饪还是其他能让你的大脑运转的任务)”说明要不断做一些能让大脑活动的事情。G选项“Challenge yourself constantly(不断挑战自己)”与之呼应，不断挑战自己去做各种能让大脑工作的任务，才能让大脑保持活跃。故选G项。 4．下文“your body is not going to give you the energy that requires remembering things and completing tasks(你的身体将无法为你提供记忆事情和完成任务所需的能量)”描述了一种不好的身体状态下的结果。C选项“If you choose to be lazy(如果你选择偷懒)”能引出这种结果，因为偷懒不保持健康，身体就无法提供足够能量。故选C项。 5．上文“Be sure to get the necessary amount of sleep that your body needs to function on a daily basis(一定要保证身体日常运转所需的必要睡眠时间)”强调了睡眠的重要性。F选项“According to studies, sleep helps strengthen and recover your memories(根据研究，睡眠有助于强化和恢复你的记忆)”进一步说明了睡眠对记忆的好处，与上文强调睡眠重要性相呼应。故选F项。 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has countless 1 (attract). The Great Wall is probably one that is most familiar to the Western tourists. The Great Wall is like a giant stone dragon, 2 (run) across the country from the ocean on the east 3 the desert on the west. It is the longest wall that 4 (build) ever, 1,500 miles in length. Along the wall 5 (be) watch towers, where soldiers were on the watch for threats. The wall was initially built to prevent the neighbouring states from 6 (attack) our country, and the majority of the existing wall is from 7 Ming Dynasty. From the top of the Great Wall, people can enjoy an 8 (impress) view of continuous mountains, green trees and blooming wild flowers. If we were to build such a wall now, we would use modern machines. However, the ancient Chinese had to build the wall by hand. The Great Wall represents the highest wisdom of ancient China, 9 attracts tourists from all over the world every year. As the saying goes, “he who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.” 10 (doubt) a day tour or a long hike along the Great Wall allows you to travel back in time to feel the thousands of years’ups and downs of the ancient Kingdom of China. 【答案】 1．attractions 2．running 3．to 4．has been built 5．are 6．attacking 7．the 8．impressive 9．which 10．Undoubtedly 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国长城，它宛如巨龙横贯东西，为防邻国侵袭而建，现存多为明长城。长城代表古代中国最高智慧，每年吸引世界各地游客，是中国极具魅力的象征。 1．考查名词复数。句意：中国有无数的景点。countless(无数的)是形容词，修饰名词，attract的名词形式是attraction，且此处表示“无数的景点”，应用复数形式。故填attractions。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：长城就像一条巨大的石龙，从东边的大海一直延伸到西边的沙漠。这里考查非谓语，run和其逻辑主语The Great Wall 之间是主动关系，再由句意可知，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填running。 3．考查固定搭配。句意：长城就像一条巨大的石龙，从东边的大海一直延伸到西边的沙漠。这里考查from...to...，是固定搭配，意为“从…… 到……”。故填to。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：它是有史以来建造的最长的城墙，长度为1500英里。这里that引导定语从句，先行词是the longest wall，在从句中作主语，与build之间是被动关系，且根据ever(曾经，常用于现在完成时)可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been built。 5．考查主谓一致和倒装。句意：沿着城墙有瞭望塔，士兵们在那里监视着威胁。这是一个倒装句，主语是 watch towers，是复数形式，根据语境可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，所以be动词用are。故填are。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最初是为了防止邻国进攻我们的国家而建造的，现存的长城大部分来自明朝。prevent...from doing sth.，是固定短语，意为“阻止…… 做某事”，from是介词，后接动名词形式。故填attacking。 7．考查冠词。句意：长城最初是为了防止邻国进攻我们的国家而建造的，现存的长城大部分来自明朝。在朝代名称前要用定冠词the，the Ming Dynasty 意为“明朝”。故填 the。 8．考查形容词。句意：从长城的顶部，人们可以欣赏到连绵的山脉、绿树和盛开的野花的令人印象深刻的景色。view是名词，应用形容词修饰，impress的形容词形式是impressive，意为“令人印象深刻的”，符合语境。故填impressive。 9．考查定语从句。句意：长城代表了古代中国的最高智慧，每年都吸引着来自世界各地的游客。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Great Wall，在从句中作主语，指物，所以应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 10．考查副词。句意：毫无疑问，一日游或沿着长城的长途徒步旅行能让你回到过去，感受古代中国数千年的兴衰。此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，doubt的副词形式是undoubtedly，意为“毫无疑问地”，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Undoubtedly。 二、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Emily was struggling to make ends meet, working two jobs just to afford a tiny apartment in the heart of the city. Despite her efforts, she often found herself feeling overwhelmed by the hardship of city life. One cold evening, as Emily got home from her second job, she noticed a homeless man on the street corner, shaking under a thin blanket (毯子). His eyes, filled with a mixture of hopelessness and tiredness, met hers briefly before he lowered his head. Without a second thought, Emily approached the man and offered him her scarf. “Here, you must be cold,” she said softly, putting the scarf around his shoulders. The man looked up at her, his eyes widening in surprise at this unexpected act of kindness. “Thank you,” he said. From that day on, Emily made it a habit to stop and chat with the homeless man, whose name she learned was Greg. She brought him hot meals, blankets, and sometimes even books to pass the time. In return, Greg shared stories of his past — a life once filled with love and laughter, now lost to the cold streets. As the days passed by, Emily found herself looking forward to their daily encounters (相遇). In Greg, she found a similar spirit—a gentle soul beat by life’s hardships but still resilient (坚韧的). And in Emily, Greg found a light of hope — a reminder that even in the darkest of times, there are still pockets of light to be found. One evening, as Emily sat beside Greg on the cold street, she noticed something unusual in his eyes. “What is it, Greg?” she asked, sensing his unspoken thoughts. Greg hesitated fora moment before speaking, his voice shaking with emotion. “I want to change my life, Emily,” he said. “I want to leave these streets behind and start anew.” 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I believe in you, Greg,” Emily smiled, with pride for her friend. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________      One sunny afternoon, Greg went to the same street corner. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: “I believe in you, Greg,” Emily smiled, with pride for her friend. She placed a hand on his shoulder. “And I’ll be here to support you every step of the way.” With Emily’s support, Greg started a new journey. He worked in local shelters to rebuild his life from the ground up. Later, he found a job to support himself. Then he rented a small apartment, where he could enjoy good sleep and hot food. He bore in mind that through it all, Emily stood by his side, offering encouragement. One sunny afternoon, Greg went to the same street corner. He waited there until he noticed a familiar figure approaching — yes, it was Emily. Greg’s eyes were bright with joy. “Emily,” he called out, his voice filled with excitement. “Thank you for believing in me when no one else would. You’ve given me a second chance at life, and I’ll never forget it!” Tears welled up in Emily’s eyes as she saw a totally different Greg. “You did this all on your own, Greg,” she said, her heart overflowing with pride. 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾米莉在城市中艰难度日，但她仍然对无家可归的格雷格施以援手，帮助他重拾生活希望的故事。 【详解】由第一段首句内容“我相信你，格雷格，艾米莉微笑着，为她的朋友感到骄傲。”可知，第一段可描写艾米莉如何鼓励格雷格，并帮助他走出困境。 ②由第二段首句内容“一个阳光明媚的下午，格雷格去了同一个街角”可知，第二段可描写雷格如何感谢艾米莉，以及艾米莉的感受。 2. 续写线索：鼓励——求助——重拾信心——感谢——感受 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①鼓励：encourage / support / inspire ②感谢：thank / express gratitude / show appreciation ③放置：place/put ④重新建造：rebuild/reconstruct 情绪类 ①快乐：joy/pleasure ②兴奋：excitement/thrill 【点睛】[高分句型1] Then he rented a small apartment, where he could enjoy good sleep and hot food. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Tears welled up in Emily’s eyes as she saw a totally different Greg. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $