Unit 3 Same or Different 知识点讲练合集（词汇语法课文+课后练习） 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义围绕“Same or Different”主题，通过表格系统梳理重点词汇（含中英文对照及变形）、短语归纳，结合课文原文知识点整理，构建“词汇-短语-语法-语用”的递进知识体系，用对比表格呈现比较级规则与不规则变化，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，即时练聚焦词汇变形（如“similar→similarity”）和比较级应用（如“taller than”），课后加练分五天梯度训练，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。基础题巩固语法规则，拓展题提升语用能力，助力教师实施分层教学，学生自主复习时可精准突破薄弱点。

Unit 3 Same or Different ? 知识点讲练合集 1、 重点词汇 英文 中文 英文 中文 1. 像...一样 11. compare (v.) 2. 空闲时间 12. outgoing(adj.) 3. 有共同之处 13. hard-working (adj.) 4. 归功于；由于 14. perform (v.) 5. 偶然；意外地 15. solve(v.) 6. 一线光明 16. prize(n.) 7. 关心；担心 17. attend(v.) 8. 伸手触摸 18. spare(adj./v.) 9. 帮助（某人） 19. pleasure (n.) 10. 对....有影响 20. appearance(n.) 重点词汇变形： 1. shy (adj.) 害羞的 → (n.) 害羞 2. lazy (adj.)懒惰的→ (n.) 懒惰 3. kind (adj.)友善的 → (n.) 友善；善良；善意 4. loud (adv./adj.)响亮地；大声的 → (adv.) 吵闹地；大声地 5. perform (v.)表演；执行 → (n.) 表演 → (n.) 表演者 6. solve (v.)解决→ (n.) 解决方案 7. congratulate (v.)庆祝→ (n.) 庆祝；祝贺(常为复数+s) 8. please (v.)使快乐 → (n.) 乐事；愉快；荣幸 → (adj.) 人-感到快乐的 → (adj.) 物-令人愉快的；宜人的；友好的 9. appear (v.)出现；露面 → (n.) 外表；露面 → (v.) 消失 10. person (n.)人-单数 → (复数n.) → (n.) 性格；品质 11. strong(adj.)强壮的→ (n.) 优势；力量；优点 12. different（adj.)不同的 → (n.) 差异；不同(可数+s) 13. humour (n.)幽默 →(adj.) 幽默的 14. honest (adj.) 坦诚的；诚实的 → (n.) 诚实 → (adj.) 不诚实的 15. direct (adj.)直接的；率直的（v.)指导 → (adv.) 直接地 → (adj.) 间接的 → (n.) 方向 16. similar (adj.)相似的 → (n.) 相似之处 17. friend (n.)朋友 → (n.) 友谊；友情 18. touch (v.)触动；触碰 → (adj.) 人-感动的 → (adj.) 物-令人感动的 19. interest (n.)兴趣 → (adj.) 人-感兴趣的 → (adj.) 物-有趣的 20. serious (adj.)严肃的；严重的→ (adv.) 严肃地；严重地；认真地 21. accident (n.) 意外；（交通）事故 → (adj.) 偶然的；意外的 22. high (adj.)高的 → (n.) 高度 23. expect (v.)期待 → (n.) 期待 → (n.) 出乎意料的 24. say (v.)说 → (n.) 谚语/格言 *即时练* 1．The between the two cats is their white fur. (similar) 2．I have a great in science, and I am very interested in learning about space. (interesting) 3．People around the world become more (interest) in traditional Chinese culture. 4． on winning the basketball game! (congratulate) 5．Her at the party surprised all her friends. (appear) 6．Tom has a kind and outgoing (person), and is always ready to help others and make new friends. 7．Both Jack and Michael have kind . (person) 8．Andy is so that everyone likes him. (please) 9．These sports add fun and (please) to our school life. 10．Let’s drink to the between us. (friend) 11．There is no between the two books. (different) 12．Lucy’s junior middle school teacher made a big (different) to her life. She wants to express her thanks to the teacher at the graduation ceremony. 13．The woman has the amazing (strong) to take care of the whole family. 14．The girl takes her homework (serious) all the time. 15．Mum didn’t answer my question (direct). Instead, she asked me another question. 16．Tea is one of the most important drinks in the world. It is an (accident) invention. 17．Elsie usually asks her friend for a (solve) when she can’t figure out the puzzle. 18．I love Emma’s (perform) best. 19．The (high) of the building is over 200 metres. 20．The news may be (expect), but it is true. 21．She is an (honesty) girl, so we all trust her. 22．Don’t talk (loud) in the classroom! 23．I’m able to have a dog helper because of your (kind). 2、 课文原文 Section B-1b课文 Some people think that friends should be alike, but some other people think that friends should be different. What do you think? Should friends be similar or different? 知识点整理： 一些人....另一些人.... 相像的 和....相似 和....不同 I think a good friend is like a mirror. You can understand people by knowing their friends. My friend, Stephen, is a great example. We often hang out together because we have similar hobbies and interests. For example, we both love sports. He plays badminton better than I do, so he always wins our matches. Because of that, I try harder when I practise, and now I'm getting better at badminton. Stephen and I are similar in other ways. He is as serious as me. When we aren't playing sports, we enjoy reading together. I read more history books than he does, and he reads a lot of novels. We often share interesting books with each other. 知识点整理： 好友如镜 一起闲逛 和....相似 和....不同 例如 打羽毛球 赢得比赛 因为（短语） 变得更擅长.... 在其他方面 和.....一样认真/严肃 喜欢做某事(enjoy) 读小说 和某人分享某物 I don't agree. For me, friends who are different make me better. I think we should respect each other's differences and learn from each other. For example, I am kind of shy, but my best friend, Yuan Lei, is outgoing. She has a great sense of humour too. Thanks to her, I am becoming more outgoing. Now I think meeting new people is really fun! I have another friend, Zhang Yong. He is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks I am making a mistake. I am less straightforward than he is, but I am glad to have an honest friend. 知识点整理： 同意做某事 同意某人 在某事上达成共识 尊重对方的差异 向对方学习 有点儿 一种幽默感 多亏 害怕做某事 害怕某事 提出自己的想法/观点 在某人看来 犯错 很开心做某事 一个诚实的朋友 SectionB-3a I don't really care if my friends are similar to or different from me. I have two amazing friends. Lily is funnier than anyone else I know.When I feel sad or have a problem, she makes me laugh and feel better. She helps me see the silver lining in difficult situations. My other friend, Lucy, is not as funny as Lily. Lucy is quieter, but she listens better than others. Lucy and I talk about everything. I know she cares about me because she's always there to listen. My favourite saying is, "A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. " Both Lily and Lucy are true friends. We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand. 知识点整理： 任何其他人 让某人大笑 一线光明 在困境中 不如 other others another 谈论某事 和某人谈话/交谈 关心（care相关短语） 照顾（care相关短语） 最喜欢的谚语/格言 伸出援手 触及心灵 准备做某事 准备某事 提供帮助 借给某人某物 从....借入某物 三、短语归纳(反复读） Section A 知识点 1. compare A with B 把A和B做比较 compare A to B 把A比作B（比喻） 2. the same as ... 和....一样 3. be different from ... 和....不同 be different in... 在...(方面）不同 4. encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事 5. at the music festival 在音乐节 6. be afraid of (doing) sth 害怕某物 be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 7. solve the problem 解决问题 8. win/won the first prize 获得一等奖 9. take/took part in 参加 10. attend the music festival 参加音乐节 11. spare time空闲时间 12. our pleasure!我们的荣幸（回答感谢） my pleasure ! 我的荣幸 （回答感谢） 13. the twins 双胞胎 14. in many ways 在很多方面 15. thanks for + doing sth 因做.....而感谢你 16. talk with/to sb 和某人交谈 talk about sth 谈论某事 17. have .... in common （在....方面）有共同之处 18. learn from sb 向某人学习 learn from each other 互相学习 19. I don’t think so. 我不这样认为 20. average rainfall 平均降雨量 21. the population of .... .....的人口 22. a pleasant temperature 一个宜人的/温和的温度 Section B 知识点 1. some people.....some other people.... 一些人....另一些人...... 2. be alike 相像的 look alike 看起来像 3. a good friend is like a mirror 好友如镜 4. hang out 闲逛 5. for example 例如 6. play badminton 打羽毛球 7. win match(es)赢得比赛 8. practise doing sth 练习做某事 9. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 = like doing sth 10. in other ways 在其他方面 in some ways 在某些方面 11. read novels 读小说 12. share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 13. agree with sb 同意某人 agree on sth 在某事上达成共识 agree to do sth 同意做某事 14. respect each other’s differences 尊重对方的差异/不同 15. learn from each other 向对方学习 16. kind of 有点儿 17. a (great) sense of humor 一种幽默感 18. thanks to sb 多亏了某人 thanks for .... 因....而感谢 19. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of (doing) sth 害怕某事 20. give one’s opinion说出自己的想法 give direct opinions 直接说出想法 in one’s opinion 在某人看来 （in my opinion 在我看来） opinion (n.)观点；看法 21. make mistakes / make a mistake 犯错 22. be glad to do sth 很开心做某事 = be happy to do sth 23. an honest friend 一个诚实的朋友 24. be similar to 和.....相似 be similar in... 在....方面相似 25. in a straightforward way 以一种直接了当的方式 26. put....into...把....投入... 27. the average height of sb is... 某人的平均身高是... 28. exchange one’s lives 交换人生 29. by accident 偶然地；意外地 30. learn to do sth 学会做某事 31. make a big difference to sb 对....有影响 32. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 be busy with sth忙于某事 33. expect (sb) to do sth 期待（某人）做某事 34. decide to do sth 决定做某事 35. try to do sth 尽力做某事 try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 try doing sth尝试做某事 36. make sb do sth让某人做某事 make me laugh 让我大笑 37. the silver lining 一线光明 38. in difficult situations 在困境中 39. care about 关心；在意 40. a true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.一个真正的朋友，向你伸出援手，触动你的内心。 41. lend/give a hand (to sb ) 帮助某人 = help sb 42. be ready to do sth 准备好做某事 be ready for sth 准备某事 43. I don’t mind. 我不介意 （don’t) mind doing sth (不)介意做某事 Would you mind doing sth ?你介意做某事吗？ 44. can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 45. can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事 46. can do nothing but do sth 只能做某事 47. take sth seriously = be serious about sth 认真对待..... 3、 语法：比较级最高级 （1） 同级比较 肯定： .....和.....一样 否定： 不如/没有 e.g. Lucy, is as funny as Lily. e.g. Lucy, is not as funny as Lily. （二）非同级比较：....than.... / A or B e.g. Lily is funnier than anyone else I know. e.g. He plays badminton better than I do. e.g. Who dances better, Ella or Emma? 1. 规则变化 adj./adv.原型 比较级（更...) 最高级（最...) 直接加 tall 以不发音-e结尾，加 nice 重读/辅元辅结尾， fat “辅音+y”结尾， funny 多音节词，加 important 2. 不规则变化 adj./adv.原型 比较级（更...) 最高级（最...) good/well little bad/badly /ill many/much far old （三）比较级的修饰词 : +比较级 e.g. I’m a little quieter than Ella. e.g. I’m much taller than you. (四）常考易错句型 1. “比较级and 比较级”或“more and more +adj./adv.原型”,意为： 2. “the比较级..., the比较级....”,意为： 3. 倍数比较级： e.g. The weather is getting colder and colder. e.g. I’m getting more and more outgoing than before. e.g. The harder you study, the luckier you will be. e.g. My room is twice bigger than yours. e.g. My room is twice as big as yours. *即时练* 1．There are than ten students in the classroom now. (few) 2．My brother is than me. (tall) 3．The story is (funny) than that one. 4．Jenny will get up (early) than usual in order to catch the first bus. 5．Mike had a cold last week. But he feels much (well) now. 6．The government took a step (far) to prevent fires from spreading. 7．This mountain is (high) than the one we climbed last year. 8．I think English is (important) than Maths for me. 9．He is getting (fat) because he eats too much junk food. 10．It’s becoming (dry) and hotter these days. I don’t feel like staying here. 11．You should spend (little) time on video games and more on your studies. 12．Tom jumps very far. Jim can jump even (far). 13．We all think that playing games with friends is (funny) than playing alone. 14．He could get such a great grade in the test because he studied (hard) than others. 15．Do you think who sings (well), Lily or Lucy? 16．My sister is (lazy) than I am. She doesn’t like to clean her room. 17．Paul used to be really quiet, but now he is (outgoing) than before. 18．Many people think eating at home is (healthy) than eating in the restaurant. 19．It’s very hot today, but it’ll be even (hot) tomorrow. 20．Tony runs (fast) than any other student in his class. 21．Which do you think is (difficult), maths or English? 22．The fewer trees we save, the (little) clean air we will have. 23．The population of this city is (large) than that of that town. 24．Guangzhou is (hot) than Chicago in July. 25．My aunt looks (slim) than before. 五、课后加练 · Monday 推荐用时：10min 正确率： 1．Your actions now can ______ to the environment in the future. So please start recycling. A．make a decision B．make a mistake C．make a difference D．make a living 2．—How did you find this beautiful hidden beach? —Oh, we found it completely ______ while we were getting lost. A．by mistake B．by accident C．for chance D．for accident 3．The book on the top shelf is too high. I can’t ______ it. A．reach B．arrive C．got D．achieve 4．Although I didn’t win the race, I made a lot of new friends. So, you can always find ______. A．a silver screen B．a silver medal C．a silver lining D．a silver spoon 5．—The cake looks ________. —Yes, and it tastes even ________. A．nice; better B．well; good C．good; worse D．better; best 6．He knows only ________ about Russian and his sister knows even ________. A．a little; more B．a little; less C．little; little D．more; less 7．This moon cake is ________ that one. A．as twice big as B．as big twice as C．twice as big as D．as big as twice 8．My school bag is ________ yours. A．more beautiful as B．so beautiful as C．as beautiful as D．as beautiful than 9．My American friend is coming to China and I can’t wait ________ her. A．seeing B．to see C．saw D．see 10．—________ the heavy rain, we didn’t go camping last Sunday. —What a pity (遗憾)! A．Because B．Because of C．Thanks for D．Thanks to 11．Lucy looks ________ Lily. They are ________. A．like; like B．like; alike C．alike; like D．alike; alike 12．Kate and Linda have something ________ common. A．in B．at C．of D．with 13．—What’s the ________ of Guangdong? —It’s about 104,300,000. A．population B．temperature C．season D．people 14．Lou spent ________ money but bought ________ food than Lily. A．fewer; much B．less; more C．fewer; more D．less; much 15．Your suggestion is as ________ to us as we thought. A．helpful B．helpfully C．more helpful D．the most helpful · Tuesday 推荐用时：10min 正确率： 16．If we don’t do anything, the number of rare animals will become ________. A．more and more B．fewer and fewer C．bigger and bigger D．smaller and smaller 17．We should ________ our friends when they are in trouble. A．laugh at B．look at C．care about D．hear about 18．A true friend should be ________ and never tell lies. A．honest B．humorous C．cheerful D．caring 19．Nick really has a good ________ of humor. He is so funny. A．sense B．feeling C．ability D．idea 20．Some people want to have more farms and buildings. As a result, there will be ________ space for the wildlife. A．larger and larger B．fewer and fewer C．less and less D．worse and worse 21．Listening is just as ________ as speaking in language learning. A．important B．more important C．more difficult D．more interesting 22．The minute my friend Alan is in a difficult ________, he will ask his parents for help. A．situation B．competition C．decision D．spirit 23．I felt much ________ after I shared my feelings with my close friends. A．good B．well C．better D．best 24．—Can I get the job? I’m over 50 now. —I think your age shouldn’t make any ________ to whether you get the job or not. A．order B．difference C．use D．habit 25．—Dad, could you buy me a new car like that? —Certainly, we can buy ________ one than this, but ________ his. A．a better; as well as B．a more cheaper; better than C．a cheaper; as good as D．a worse; as good as 26．Whose hair is_________, Betty’s or________? A．longer; her B．longer; hers C．longest; her D．the longest; hers 27．—Is Sam as_______ as Jim? —No. Sam is _______ than Jim. A．older; young B．old; younger C．old; young D．older; younger 28．Jim doesn’t want to go to the zoo. He has a lot of things to do. ___, he isn’t feeling well today. A．Besides B．Almost C．Instead D．However 29．Our teacher is usually very _______ in class, but after class she is quite friendly. A．smart B．afraid C．serious D．happy 30．—Would you like to come to my birthday party this evening? —Yes, it will be a great _______. I’m looking forward to it. A．journey B．pleasure C．surprise D．festival · Wednesday 推荐用时：10min 正确率： 31．I had the (please) of talking to Mary, a girl from Hong Kong. 32．The between the two cats is their white fur. (similar) 33．They part in the school sports meeting last week. (take) 34． on winning the basketball game! (congratulate) 35．Her at the party surprised all her friends. (appear) 36．Both Jack and Michael have kind . (person) 37．Can you tell the (difference) between these two models? 38．She values the (friend) with her best friend. 39．Thanks for (listen) to me when I have a problem. 40．The woman has the amazing (strong) to take care of the whole family. 41．My parents encourage me (take) part in the interesting activity. 42．When I got to the top of the mountain. I could hardly walk any (far). 43．Gina is a nice girl and she is always ready (help) others. 44．The old park is (interesting) than the new one with more facilities (设备). 45．Cindy is too shy and she is afraid (speak) in front of people. · Thursday 推荐用时：10min 正确率： 46．Mike is an (honesty) boy. We can believe in him. 47．I think this book is (little) interesting than that one. This one is a little boring. 48．I read three (novel) in the winter holiday. 49．It was a (please) trip. We had a good time. 50．Bob answered the question (clearly) than Jim did in class. 51．The cat was ill yesterday, but it got even (bad). 52．Bob is at full (strong). He runs fast. 53．You should take your work (serious). 54．He always (compare) his test scores (成绩) with mine after class. 55．I was afraid of (perform) in front of people. 56．The coat is too small for me. Do you have a (big) one? 57．I think (attend) the meeting is really important. 58．My mother is outgoing. She likes talking in many (situation). 59．My sister is (thin) than me. 60．He sometimes makes (mistake), but he knows how to correct them. · Friday 推荐用时：10min 正确率： 61．As we all know, good friends should . (尊重彼此的差异) 62．They like to with friends on Sundays. (闲逛) 63．I play the guitar every day. (在我的空闲时间) 64．She the book on the high shelf quickly just now. (伸手触碰) 65．My parents always my study and health. (关心，担心) 66．I found the old photo while cleaning the room. (偶然) 67．He in the maths exam yesterday. (犯错误) 68． her help, I finished the work on time. (由于) 69． this city is about two million. (……的人口) 70．She won in the English competition (比赛). (一等奖) 71．He studies his sister every day. (和……一样努力) 72．We all like our history teacher, because he has humour. (……的感觉) 73． (事实上), happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. 74．They are the classroom after the party. (清扫) 75．He carefully during the science class yesterday. (做笔记) 76．Can you to the train station tomorrow? (开车顺便送我) 77．She with her mother every weekend. (去购物) 78． what happens, we never give up. (不论) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $