单元知识回扣4 Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

该高中英语单元复习讲义通过分层梳理词汇、短语、句式及语法知识构建系统复习框架，基础词汇按词性分类呈现，派生词通过词根词缀关联（如intend→intention、electricity→electric），高频短语列表与中西医学案例翻译结合，语法填空聚焦非谓语动词等重难点，清晰呈现知识内在逻辑。 练习设计聚焦语言能力与思维品质的融合，单句语法填空专项训练非谓语动词用法（如“with his hands tied behind his back”），句子翻译融入屠呦呦发现青蒿素等案例，培养文化意识。通过词根词缀法梳理派生词帮助学生构建词汇网络，基础薄弱学生可夯实词汇短语基础，优秀学生能提升语境语法运用能力，教师据此可实施分层精准教学。

[对应学生用书P106] 1．deadly adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的 2．experiment n.实验，试验；尝试，实践 vi.做实验，进行实验；尝试 3．household adj.家庭的，家用的，家务的 n.一家人，家庭 4．postpone vt.延迟，延期 5．sufficient adj.足够的，充足的 6．wisdom n.智慧，才智；明智；知识，学问 7．conduct vt.&vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止 8．accident n.意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇 9．theory n.学说，论；原理；看法，意见 10．charge vt.&vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n.收费；控告；谴责；掌管 11．standout adj.突出的 n.突出的人(或物) 12．bomb n.炸弹；核武器 vt.轰炸 13．involve vt.牵涉，影响；包含；(使)参加 14．credit n.赞扬，认可；信用vt.存入金额；把……归于 15．authority n.权威；权力；官方 16．declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报 17．publish vt.出版，发行；发表；公布 1．broad adj.广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的→broadly adv.广泛地 2．intend vi.&vt.想要，计划；意指→intention n.打算 3．trial n.试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi.&vt.测试，试验→try v．尝试 4．limited adj.有限的→limit n.& vt.限制 5．container n.容器；集装箱，货柜→contain vt.包含 6．beneficial adj.有益的，有用的→benefit n.益处 vt.对……有益处 7．illustrate vt.说明，解释；加插图于→illustration n.图解，图示 8．surround vt.围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.周围的事物 9．indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出→indication n.表明；暗示 10．intelligent adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n.才智 11．favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒→favorable adj.赞成的；讨人喜欢的 12．politician n.政治家，从政者；投机钻营者→politics n.政治→political adj.政治的 13．electricity n.电，电能→electric adj.电的，发电的，电动的 14．scientific adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家 15．moral adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n.品行，道德；寓意→immoral adj.不道德的 16．apply vt.&vi.应用；申请；涂；有关→application n.申请；应用→applicant n.申请人 17．ignorance n.无知→ignorant adj.不了解的，无知的；无礼的→ignore vt.忽视；不理睬 18．freedom n.自由→free adj.自由的；免费的→freely adv.自由地 19．permit vt.&vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能→permission n.允许，许可 20．responsibility n.责任，负责；职责，义务→responsible adj.负责任的 21．nationality n.国籍；民族→national adj.国家的；民族的→nation n.国家；民族 22．marriage n.结婚，婚姻；已婚状态→marry v．结婚 1．make a difference有影响，起作用 2．thanks to 因为，多亏了 3．refer to查阅，参考；提到，谈及 4．give up放弃 5．speed up(使)加速 6．pay off成功，奏效，达到目的 7．through trial and error反复试验 8．draw on凭借，利用 9．make good use of 充分利用 10．by accident偶然；意外地 11．with a bang 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响 12．show off显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 13．let sb down使某人失望 14．as to 关于，至于 15．take it for granted想当然认为，认为……是理所当然 16．put forward提出，提议，建议 17．far from the truth根本不是事实 18．work out计算出；理解 19．go through穿过；经历 20．come up即将发生(或出现、到来) 21．get a taste of体验；尝到 22．put another way换句话说 23．turn over翻转 1．她完成了传统中医的进修课程，对传统中西医学有了广泛的了解。 She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine，acquiring a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. 2．因为他们没有充足的安全性数据，在病人身上进行实验有可能推迟。 The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. 3．也许后世的科学家借鉴传统中医药的智慧，将发现更多有益于全球医疗保健的药物。 Perhaps the next generation of scientists，drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine，will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care. 4．然而，直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦才在多次实验失败之后发现了青蒿素。 However，it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu，after many failed experiments. 5．科学是有价值的，第一个方面大家都很熟悉：科技知识能使我们做各种事情。 The first way in which science is of value is familiar to everyone：scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. 6．作为科学家，我们明白巨大进步源于思想自由，因此，我们有责任宣扬这种自由的价值，有责任教育人们不必害怕疑问，而应对此持欢迎态度并展开讨论，有责任确保我们的后代都享有这种自由。 It is our responsibility as scientists，knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought，to declare the value of this freedom，to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed，and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations. 单句语法填空 1．The murderer was brought in，with his hands tied (tie) behind his back. 2．The old man lay on the beach at ease，exposed (expose) to the sun. 3．When taken (take) according to the directions，the drug has no side effect. 4．Don't leave that man over there waiting (wait) outside and show him in now. 5．I'd like you to look at a study conducted (conduct) in Australia in 2020. 6．The surprised (surprise) look showed that she hadn't known the experiment. 7．John Snow told the story about the astonished (astonish) people in Broad Street. 8．While exploring the old house，he decided to have the whole house painted (paint) soon. 9．When she found her mobile devices thrown (throw) away，she was very angry. 10．We went to the cinema with the friendly household，filled (fill) with excitement. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $