Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

本讲义围绕自然灾害主题构建语言学习支架，系统梳理相关核心词汇（如disaster, injury, occur）、短语（hold on to, safe and sound）及重点句型（be doing...when..., the moment...），形成从基础词汇短语积累，到阅读文本理解应用（段落匹配、事件分析），再到词汇句型深度讲解与巩固练习的完整脉络。 该资料以情境化主题教学为特色，通过地震逃生、海啸预警等真实案例，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。例如分析Alice Brown课堂地震应对时，引导学生用过去进行时描述事件发展，讨论逃生措施提升批判性思维。课中助力教师高效开展任务型阅读教学，课后学生可依托词汇句型详解及语法填空练习，巩固知识并弥补应用盲点。

[对应学生用书P27] 1．语言能力 能够掌握与自然灾害相关的词汇和短语，如“earthquake(地震)”“flood(洪水)”“typhoon(台风)”“volcanic eruption(火山喷发)”等，学会运用正确的时态和语态描述自然灾害及其影响，能够准确使用情态动词“should”和“ought to”表达建议和警告；提升学生的英语听说读写能力，使其能够听懂关于自然灾害的新闻报道和对话，提取关键信息，流畅地表达自己对自然灾害的看法，并能围绕该话题进行写作，如撰写灾害报告、新闻报道等。 2．文化意识 了解不同国家和地区面对自然灾害时的文化差异和应对方式，认识到自然灾害是全球性问题，增强跨文化交际意识；培养学生对自然的敬畏之心和保护环境的责任感，理解人类活动与自然灾害之间的联系。 3．思维品质 通过分析自然灾害的成因、影响和应对措施，培养自己的批判性思维和逻辑思维能力，使其能够从不同角度思考问题；鼓励学生在小组讨论和活动中积极创新，提出独特见解和解决方案，提高创新思维和团队合作能力。 4．学习能力 学会运用多种学习策略，如利用网络资源、查阅书籍等方式自主获取关于自然灾害的英语知识；培养自己的合作学习能力，使其在小组活动中学会倾听他人意见，共同完成学习任务提高自主学习和解决问题的能力。 Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading [对应学生用书P27] Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．county n.郡，县 2．disaster n.灾难，灾害；彻底失败 3．crash n.碰撞声，破裂声；崩溃 v. 碰撞，撞击；崩溃 4．exit v. 出去，离去，退场，退出 n.出口，通道；离开 5．stair n.楼梯；阶梯 6．confirm v. 证实，确认；批准 7．procedure n.程序，步骤，手续 8．tsunami n.海啸 9．occur v..发生，出现；存在于(过去式及过去分词 occurred) 拓展单词 10．injury n.损伤，受伤处→injure v. 受伤，损害，使受伤→injured adj.受伤的 11．react v. 反应，回应，抗拒→reaction n.反应，回应；化学反应 12．relieve v. 解除，缓解→relief n.宽慰，安心，减轻，救济 13．safe adj.安全的→safely adv.安全地→safety n.安全 14．frighten vt. 吓唬，恐吓→frightened adj.害怕的，受惊的→frightening adj.吓人的，恐怖的 15．destruction n.破坏，毁灭，灭亡，摧毁→destructive adj.破坏性的，毁灭性的，有害的 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．at large全部，整个 2．hold on to抓住不放，坚持 3．safe and sound安然无恙 4．the basic knowledge of……的基础知识 5．occur to sb 发生在某人身上，想起…… 6．keep one's head保持冷静 7．warn sb of 警示某人…… 8．to one's relief让某人欣慰的是 9．clear...of．..清理……上的…… 10．in the face of在……面前，面对……，面临…… Ⅲ.重点句型 1．Alice Brown，...，was teaching when the floor began to shake. 爱丽丝·布朗正在上课，这时地板开始摇晃。 2．The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. 晃动停止的那一刻，布朗女士意识到这是全班同学逃离的最佳时机。 [对应学生用书P28] Ⅰ.Scan the texts and match the main idea with each paragraph. Text 1 A．The students exited the classroom properly. B．Safety procedures practice made a difference. C．Students and teachers succeeded in the quake escape. D．Proper reaction to the earthquake. 1．Para.1 C　2.Para.2 D　3.Para.3 A 4．Para.4 B Text 2 A．People rushed to the safe place before the tsunami. B．A 10-year-old girl helped people escape danger. C．Signs of an approaching tsunami. 5．Para.1 B　6.Para.2 C　7.Para.3 A Ⅱ.Read the texts carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Which one can describe Alice Brown's students' reaction to the earthquake? A．Frightened. B．Panicked. C．Quick and proper.　 D．Mistaken. 2．Why did Alice Brown open the classroom door? A．Because she wanted to call for help. B．Because she wanted to protect the door. C．Because the door may hurt students. D．Because the door may be damaged and couldn't open. 3．When was the best time for the class to make their escape? A．As soon as the shaking began. B．As soon as the shaking stopped. C．As soon as rescuers came. D．During the earthquake. 4．What made pupils manage to escape the earthquake? A．The strong buildings. B．The slight earthquake. C．The timely first aid. D．Practising earthquake safety procedures regularly. 5．What did Sabrina notice about the sea? A．Some signs of an approaching tsunami. B．Some signs of undersea earthquake. C．The surface of the sea was calm. D．The boats on the sea. 6．What was Sabrina's parents' first reaction to her warning? A．Approving.　 B．Unbelievable. C．Frightened.　 D．Shocking. 7．What can be learned about Sabrina from the passage? A．She was frightened during the whole course. B．She talked to a safety officer in person. C．She mastered some knowledge of tsunami. D．She cleared of the people on the beach by herself. 答案　1—7　CDBDABC Ⅲ.Complete the passage according to the texts. Text 1 In Falmont，Alice Brown was giving a lesson to students 1.when an earthquake shook the town.The students reacted 2.properly(proper): they moved under the desks and held on to the legs and 3.remained(remain) still and waited calmly and quietly. When the shaking stopped，the teacher signaled them 4.to exit(exit) the playground with hands on the heads.Luckily，only 5.5/five students were slightly injured. 6．It was the practice of earthquake safety procedures 7.twice(two) a year that helped the students during the quake. Text 2 On 20 December，the day began as usual，8.warm with soft wind and with people 9.walking (walk)，running or simply sitting on the sandy beach.10.However，a 10-year-old girl noticed something odd.The water was frothy and coming in and in and in，11.which were signs of an approaching tsunami.She told the safety officer about the signs.Thanks to the girl，around 100 people 12.were saved(save). [核心词汇·练透] [对应学生用书P30] 1．injure vt.损害；伤害；损坏(名誉)；伤害(感情) be/get injured　受伤 injure one's pride　伤害某人的自尊心 injured adj.　受伤的；受委屈的 the injured　伤者 injury n.　伤，伤口，伤害 Don't do that.You will do yourself an injury. 别这样做，你会把自己弄伤的。 The injured were sent to hospital in Beijing during the earthquake. 他们当中伤者被送到北京一家医院。 Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 他们当中2/3的人在地震中死去或受伤。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She got injured (injure) while skating. ②Many common injuries(injure) happen every day at home. ③Your remark may have injured her pride． 你的话也许伤了她的自尊心。 2．hold on to抓紧，不放手；坚持 hold back　阻挡；隐瞒；抑制，控制(感情等) hold off　不开始，延迟；推迟 hold out　维持，坚持；抵抗，幸存 hold together　(使)保持团结；合乎逻辑，连贯 hold up　 支持住；搀扶；举起；抬起；延迟；阻碍；举出(例子) If an overweight person is having a large portion，I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. 如果一个超重的人吃很大一份，我会忍住一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。 She smiled and could not hold back tears of joy. 她笑了起来，禁不住流下喜悦的眼泪。 The doctors hold out little hope of his recovery. 医生们对他的康复不抱多大希望。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①Could you hold off (推迟)making your decision for a few days? ②We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out (维持). ③She just managed to hold back her anger (压住了怒火). ④They were determined to hold on to the last (坚持到最后). 3．in case n.情况；病例；案例 in case　假使；如果，万一 in case of　假使；以防 in this/that case　如果是这样/那样的话 in any case　无论如何，总之 in no case　决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装) as is often the case　这是常有的事 It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人，一切皆有可能。 There are thousands of new cases of AIDS in Africa. 非洲每年都会出现数千个艾滋病新病例。 [名师点津]　case表示情况，若有定语从句修饰，并且case在从句中作状语，后面的定语从句多用where引导，类似的还有：situation，point，position，stage等。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day. ②We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice. ③He may win the competition.In this case he is likely to get into the national team. →He may win the competition，in which case he is likely to get into the national team．(非限制性定语从句) 4．confirm vt.(尤指通过提供证据)证实；证明；确定，确认；批准 confirm sb in sth　使某人确信某事 It has been confirmed that...　已经确定…… The family called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were original and worth as much as $50 million. 这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官方肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5 000万美元。 His new role could confirm him as one of our leading actors. 他的新角色会确保他跻身我们一流演员之列。 I looked at the X-ray again，and more tests confirmed it wasn't the cancer but tuberculosis. 我又看了看这张X光片，更多的检测证实这不是癌症而是肺结核。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The latest evidence confirmed me in his honesty. ②My younger brother will confirm what I have told you. ③It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week. 已经确定会议于下周召开。 5．occur vi.发生；出现 sth occurs to sb　某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that...　某人突然想起…… It occurs to sb to do sth　某人突然想起做某事 We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. 我们是进化的产物，而且不仅仅是数十亿年前的产物。 Now it occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 现在看来好像他的农场是非常有潜能的，奶牛的死也似乎给他带来了好运气。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to buy the products. 我从未想到过你能说服他购买这些产品。 ②It occurred to/struck/hit her that she should adopt the homeless child. 她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。 ③There were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work. 过去，在上下班的路上经常发生各种各样的悲剧。 6．relief n.减轻；宽慰 with relief　欣慰地；释然 in relief　欣慰地 feel a sense of relief　如释重负 find relief from　从……中摆脱出来 give a sign of relief　轻舒一口气 It is a relief to...　……是让人欣慰/轻松的事 To one's relief...　令某人欣慰的是…… I felt a great relief when I heard I had passed the examination. 听说已经通过了考试，我感到轻松多了。 To our great relief，the children all arrived home safely. 孩子们都安全到家，使我们长舒了一口气。 Behind me I could hear other girls sigh in relief. 我能听到身后其他几个女孩都如释重负地松了口气。 He watched with relief as the girl nodded. 他欣慰地看着女孩点头。 It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it. 能和别人谈谈这件事是一种解脱。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①—Don't worry，Mum.The doctor said it was only the flu. —What a relief！I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious. ——妈妈，不要担心。医生说这仅仅是流感。 ——真是松了口气！我要告诉爸爸没什么严重的。 ②Lala smiled with relief． 拉拉轻松地笑了。 ③To my great relief，I wasn't late. 我深感宽慰的是我没有迟到。 7．inform v.通知；告知 inform sb of sth　告知某人某事 inform sb that...　通知某人…… inform sb＋疑问词＋to do　告知某人…… inform on/upon/against sb　告发某人；供出某人 informed adj.　明智的；有知识的；了解情况的 keep sb informed (of sth)　告知某人(某事) Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well. 把你的目标告诉你的一位朋友，这样他们也会帮忙鼓励你。 The professor's letter informed us how and when he was expected to arrive in Beijing. 那位教授的来信告知我们他预定来北京的时间和所选择的交通工具。 We were informed that a big fire had broken out in the next town. 我们被告知邻镇发生了一场大火。 Have you informed the boss of your wish to leave? 你告诉老板你想离开了吗？ The headmistress informed us that the school would be closed for one day. 女校长通知我们学校将停课一天。 [名师点津]　“...sb of sth”结构知多少？ rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物 rid sb of sth使某人摆脱某物 inform sb of sth通知某人某事 warn sb of sth警告某人有某情况 remind sb of sth使某人想起某事 accuse sb of sth控告某人犯某罪 convince sb of sth让某人相信某事 cure sb of sth治好某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯 [即学活用] 句型转换/完成句子 ①I informed her mother of her safe arrival. →I informed her mother that she had safely arrived． ②I am happy to inform you that(告诉你) you have been promoted to captain. ③I would like you to inform him of (通知他)the meeting this afternoon. 8．face vt.面对；面临(困难等)；面向 n.脸；表情； (物体的) 表面，正面 be faced with　面临，面对 face up to　敢于面对 in the face of　面对……；在……面前 face to face　面对面 lose face　丢脸 Write a poem about how courage，determination，and strength have helped you face challenges in your life. 写一首诗，谈谈勇气、决心和意志是如何在生活中帮你面对困难的。 This is what my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 这就是父亲教我的——总是直面困难，并且抱最大的希望。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out. ②Today we have chatting rooms，text messaging and emailing，but we seem to be losing the art of communicating face to face. ③Faced(face) with danger，the man can always keep his head. ④We faced so much trouble，so we failed to complete the task on time. →Facing so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.(现在分词短语作状语) →Faced with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.(过去分词短语作状语) →In the face of so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.(介词短语作状语) [重点句型·通关] [对应学生用书P33] 1．(教材P16)Alice Brown，...，was teaching when the floor began to shake. 爱丽丝·布朗正在上课，这时地板开始摇晃。 [句式分析] 本句是be doing...when...句型。when在句中作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”，相当于 and then，and at that time。 when作并列连词时常用于以下句型中： (1)be on the point of doing...when...正在做……这时…… (2)be about to do...when...＝ be on the point of doing sth when...正要做……这时…… (3)had hardly done...when...刚做了……这时…… He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano. 他刚做完作业，这时母亲要求他弹钢琴。 The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。 He had just fallen asleep when the telephone rang. 他刚睡着电话就响了。 [名师点津]　when作从属连词可引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”；还可引导让步状语从句，意为“既然；考虑到”。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①I was driving(drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. ②在我正要放弃的时候，老师的表扬给了我回答问题的勇气。 a．I was about to give up when the teacher's praise gave me the courage to answer the question. b．I was on the point of giving up when the teacher's praise gave me the courage to answer the question. 2．(教材P16)The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.震动停止的那一刻，布朗女士意识到这是全班逃离的最佳时机。 [句式分析] 该句是主从复合句，名词短语the moment 引导状语从句。 (1)用作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有：the moment，the instant，the minute，the day，the week，the hour，any time，next time，the first time，the last time，the day等。 (2)副词immediately，instantly，directly等，也可以用作连词连接时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。 Every time I open my mouth，I put my foot in it. 每当我张开口，就会讲错话。 Our greatest glory consists not in never falling but in rising every time we fall. 我们最值得自豪的不在于从不跌倒，而在于每次跌倒之后都爬起来。 [名师点津]　the first time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……时”。for the first time是介词短语，只能用作状语，意为“第一次”。 [即学活用] 完成句子/词汇升级 ①I knew that Jane was a quiet but determined girl the first time I saw her in class(我第一次在班上看到她). ②The next time you feel(下一次你感到) the urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip. ③I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice as soon as I picked up the phone. →I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice the moment/the instant/immediately/directly I picked up the phone. [对应学生用书P34] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The injured(injury) was sent to the nearest hospital in no time. 2．It was a great relief(relieve) to see the child came back safe and sound. 3．Hardly had I got home when I was phoned to go back to the office. 4．The students came back to the classroom with sweat on the faces. 5．Every student is required to obey the school safety(safe) rules. 6．The student is old enough to join(join) the army. 7．Tom is said to have a good knowledge of French，for he lived in Paris for ten years. 8．The old man always sits in front of the wall，enjoying(enjoy) the warm sunshine. 9．It immediately occurred to me that I had left the keys in the office. 10．Thanks to the practice of the safty procedures，they did right to protect themselves(they) during the fire. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．The family will hold on to the old table passed down from their ancestor. 这家人是不会卖掉老祖宗传下来的古老桌子的。 2．In the big fire ten people were slightly injured at large. 在这次大火中总计有10人受到轻伤。 3．There was a great flood in our town but only the government was safe and sound． 我们镇发生了特大洪灾，但是只有政府大楼安然无恙。 4．The moment I saw my old friend，I recognized him and gave him a hug. 一看到老朋友我就认出他来了并拥抱了他。 5．Facing any emergency，doctors should keep their head． 在任何紧急情况下，医生都应该保持冷静。 6．I have informed him of the meeting this evening，but he hasn't turned up. 我已经通知他今晚的会议，但是他还没来到。 7．In the face of danger，one's mind works faster. 急中生智。 8．To my great relief，the boy was seen playing near the lake. 让我大为欣慰的是，男孩被发现在湖边玩耍。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $