Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment & Further study（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

本讲义围绕“环境污染与保护”主题，系统梳理基础词汇（resident, recycle等）、拓展词形（poison→poisonous）、重点短语（get rid of, in defence of）及核心语法（完全倒装句、现在完成进行时），通过“词汇-语法-阅读-应用”学习支架，串联词形转换、句型分析、阅读观点辨析及写作补全练习，构建递进式知识脉络。 资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，以TV访谈文本为语境，通过居民、工厂代表与政府官员的观点讨论，引导学生分析环境污染责任，提升批判思维。词汇“即学活用”结合词形转换与语境填空强化语言应用，分层练习题（语法填空、完成句子）助力课中教学互动与课后查漏补缺，有效发展学习能力。

Section Ⅲ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment & Further study [对应学生用书P16] Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．resident n.居民，住户 2．committee n.委员会 3．protest vi. 反对，抗议vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 4．profit n.利润，收益，好处 vi.&vt. 获益，得到；好处 5．process vt. 加工，处理 n.过程，进程；步骤，流程 6．policy n.政策，方针；原则 7．branch n.机构；部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支 8．strategy n.策略，行动计划；策划，部署 9．recycle vt. 回收利用，再利用 10．former adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的 11．poverty n.贫穷，贫困；贫乏 12．consequence n.结果，后果；重要性 拓展单词 13．entire adj.完全的，全部的，完整的→entirely→完全地，全部地，完整地 14．defence n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend v. 防御，保护 15．economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→economy n.经济 16．official adj.官方的，公务的，正式的n.官员，要员→ office n.办公室，重要官职 17．poison n.毒物，毒药vt.污染；毒死，害死→poisonous adj.有毒的，有害的，恶意的 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．get rid of 摆脱，丢掉，扔掉 2．in defence of 以保护，为……辩护 3．the amount of……的数量，……的总量 4．be concerned about 对……关心 5．take measures采取措施 6．draw one's attention to 引起某人对……的注意 7．hand in hand手拉手，密切合作，携手 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith，a local resident; Vincent Brown，... 今晚来到播音棚与我们一起讨论的有当地居民詹姆斯·史密斯先生，文森特·布朗先生…… 2．We've been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，... 我们一直采取各种措施，包括新技术的应用…… 3．However，fighting pollution isn't just a task for factories and the government. 但是，治理污染不仅仅是工厂以及政府的任务。 [对应学生用书P17] Ⅰ.What's the main idea of this passage? The passage is mainly about a TV show transcript about a polluted city． Ⅱ.Read the text and choose the best answers. 1．What is News that matters? A．A magazine. B．A newspaper. C．An organization.　 D．A TV program. 2．How was the environment more than twenty years ago? A．Terrible.　 B．The same. C．Excellent.　 D．Just so so. 3．What is the opinion of Vincent Brown? A．Heavy industry should be moved out of the city. B．The pollution is connected with factories. C．Factories have done enough to protect the environment. D．Fighting pollution is a task for all citizens. 4．What does the official think of the pollution? A．Factories is responsible for the pollution. B．The rapid development has raised the living levels. C．Fighting the pollution is the government's main task. D．Everyone can help to protect the environment. 答案　1.D　2.C　3.C　4.D Ⅲ.Complete the passage according to the text. Twenty years ago the environment of Norgate city had fresh air，clear water and green trees and grass. However，all that 1.entirely(entire) changed after factories 2.moved(move) here.The river is dirty and 3.smelly(smell)，4.which is a danger to health. However，Vincent Brown holds a different opinion.In 5.defence (defend) of the factories，he thinks that they have been taking 6.various (vary) measures to protect the environment.They have brought great economic benefits to the city. The government official hold 7.another opinion.8.Fighting(fight) pollution is a task for all citizens.The government has made environmental policies for businesses 9.to follow (follow).It is our duty to build a community with a 10.shared (share) future for mankind. [核心词汇·练透] [对应学生用书P18] 1．senior adj.级别高的n.较年长的人 be senior/junior to　比某人年长/幼 be one's senior　比某人年长 junior adj.　初级的；职位或地位低的 senior middle (high) school　高级中学 junior high school　初级中学 To enjoy the convenience of digital payment，many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 为了享受电子支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机。 She is senior to me，so I have to do whatever she tells me to. 她的职位比我高，所以我需要做她给我安排的任何事情。 We should respect the seniors. 我们应该尊敬年长的人。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①“Seniors(senior) are free to attend the class.” said a man who is senior to me. ②汤姆比我大三岁。 a．Tom is my senior by three years. b．Tom is three years senior to me. c．Tom is senior to me by three years. 2．effect n.结果，效力 have an effect on/upon　对……有影响 bring/carry/put...into effect　实施； 使生效 come/go into effect　开始生效； 开始　实施 take effect　生效；开始实施 cause and effect　因果关系 effective adj.　有效的 Nowadays，parents tend to offer considerate praise to their children，hoping to boost their confidence，but it may produce the opposite effect. 现在，父母倾向于适当地表扬孩子，希望他们树立自信。但是，这样也可能产生负面影响。 An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. 闲谈的一个主要的消极作用是它可能会伤害被谈论的人。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①This trend，which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side effects (effect) such as overweight and heart disease. ②It won't be easy to put the changes into effect，so we must spare every effort to do it. ③While running regularly can't make you live forever，the review says it is more effective(effect) at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming. ④(普通表达)Smoking is bad for your health，so you'd better give it up. →(高级表达)Smoking affects/has a bad effect on your health，so you'd better give it up. →(高级表达)You'd better give up smoking， which affects/has a bad effect on your health.(非限制性定语从句) 3．rid vt.摆脱，除去 rid sb/sth of...　使某人/某物摆脱…… rid oneself of debt　还清债务 get/be rid of　摆脱掉，除掉，处理掉 Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. 多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的斗争中有了更多的办法。 School uniforms are traditional in Britain，but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 在英国，校服非常传统，但是，一些学校准备取消。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。 ②After ten years of hard work，she eventually rid herself of debt． 经过十年的辛苦劳作，她终于还清了债务。 ③You must rid yourself of/get rid of/be rid of this bad habit. 你一定要摆脱这种不好的习惯。 4．defence n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守 defend v.　防御，保护 defend sb/sth from/against...　保护……免遭……；保卫……抵御…… in defence of　保卫……；为……辩护 All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks. 我们所有的警察都受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。 The wall was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea. 建这座防洪堤是为了保护这条路不被海水冲垮。 More and more women today have learnt to arise in defence of their legal rights. ＝More and more women today have learnt to arise defending their legal rights. 现在越来越多的女性学会站起来保护她们的合法权益。 [即学活用] 一句多译 有些人认为应该训练学生保护自己免遭某些攻击。 a．Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves against some attacks．(defend) b．Some think that students should be trained in defence of some attacks．(defence) 5．search for寻找；寻求；搜索；查找 in one's/the search for　寻找；寻求；在寻找……的过程中 search sb(for sth)　搜查某人(寻找某物) search somewhere (for sb/sth)　在某地搜寻(某人或某物) search for sb/sth　寻找某人/某物 search into　调查，追究 search through　把……仔细搜查一遍 Not long after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland，a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric's party. 埃里克红发登上格陵兰岛后不久，一个叫比阿尼的人也从冰岛起航来寻找埃里克一伙人。 The scientists are in search of a new element. 科学家们正在寻找一种新元素。 They searched the whole cave thoroughly but didn't find anything except an empty trunk. 他们彻底搜索了整个洞穴，但是，除了一只空的皮箱以外什么也没找到。 [即学活用] 用search短语填空 ①Michael went away in search of water to drink. ②I searched for the book everywhere. ③He searched through all the drawers for the key. ④The general manager promised to search into the matter. 6．recycle vt.回收利用，再利用，再循环 recycling n.　再循环；回收利用 recycled adj.　被回收的 recyclable adj.　可以回收利用的 The garbage is then taken away and，if possible，recycled. 然后垃圾被带走，如果可能的话会进行回收利用。 The recycled water is used to water plants. 回收的水用来浇灌植物。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①For example，we can buy things made from recycled (recycle) materials. ②These countries are now turning to recycling (recycle) in large numbers. ③This car is said to be 95 percent recyclable (recycle) or biodegradable(生物降解). ④Always get rid of your rubbish properly and recycle waste (e.g.，glass，paper) where possible． 一定要正确处理垃圾，并在有可能的地方再利用像玻璃、纸张等废品。 ⑤In addition，liquid wood can be recycled repeatedly． 另外，液体木材可以重复利用。 [重点句型·通关] [对应学生用书P20] 1．(教材P11) Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith，a local resident; Vincent Brown，senior manager of a local factory; and Julie Archer，chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee.今晚来我们演播室的有：当地居民詹姆斯·史密斯；当地一家工厂高管文森·特布朗和诺盖特环境保护委员会的领导朱莉·阿切尔。 [句式分析] 这是一个完全倒装句。主语较长：James Smith，a local resident; Vincent Brown，senior manager of a local factory; and Julie Archer，chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee.其中系动词是are；表语为joining us in the studio。 (1)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也构成全部倒装，即“形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。 (2)在以here，there，out，in，up，down，away等副词开头，谓语动词为 be，come，go，run，walk，rush，fall 或者以 then，now 开头，谓语动词为 come，follow，begin，end，be等，主语又是名词，主谓要用完全倒装。 (3)为强调表语或保持句子平衡，形容词短语/分词短语提至句首时，句子的主谓用完全倒装。 Into the complete silence of the waiting class came the teacher's sweet voice，“Good morning，children.” 在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜美的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好”。 Present at the meeting was Mr Green，our headmaster. 出席会议的有我校校长，格林先生。 There goes the bell! 铃响了！ Away walked the stranger. 陌生人走开了。 Gone are the days when she was young. 她年轻的日子一去不复返了。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①Once there lived an old man in a village. 从前在一个村子里住着一位老人。 ②Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。 ③South of the lake lies a big supermarket. 湖泊的南边是一个大超市。 ④At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River lies Chongqing，one of the ten largest cities in China. 中国十大城市之一的重庆位于长江和嘉陵江交汇处。 ⑤Talking and laughing on the playground are the students from Class 3 Grade 2. 在操场上有说有笑的是二年级三班的同学。 2．(教材P11)We've been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce pollution...我们一直采取包括利用新技术在内的各种措施来减少污染…… [句式分析] have/has been doing 是现在完成进行时，表示某动作从过去某时开始，一直持续到现在或刚刚完成，但不表示任何目的性结果；有时含有抱怨的情感。 He has been learning English for six years. 他学英语已经六年了。 It has been raining for three days. 雨已经下了三天了。 [名师点津]　 现在完成时(have/has done) 表示已经完成的动作，并且已经达到目的性结果。 In the past few years，great changes have taken place in my hometown. 在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 He has written 8 books so far. 到现在为止，他已经写了8 本书了。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The report has been missing in 2012 and nobody has seen(see) it since then. ②During the last three decades，the number of people participating in physical fitness programs has increased(increase) sharply. ③—Look! How dirty you are! —I have been cleaning(clean) the house for the Spring Festival all the afternoon. ④—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star War.We have been waiting(wait) here for more than two hours. [对应学生用书P21] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The British once fought against pollution(pollute) for more than fifty years and finally succeeded. 2．She is senior to me in age but junior in position. 3．The twin sisters are entirely (entire) different in character. 4．All the businessmen (businessman) are eager to make the biggest profits in their business. 5．Though this power plant has made great economic (economy) benefits to us，it has done great harm to the environment here. 6．Theories and practice are always inseparable (separate). 7．It is our duty to build a community with a shared (share) future for mankind. 8．You have got a cough，right? Ⅱ.完成句子 1．What is the effect of(……的影响) the bad weather on the crops after the heavy rain. 2．It is really difficult to get rid of smoking(戒烟) once you used to it. 3．Has anyone pointed out (指出) that this kind of problems must be taken into careful consideration? 4．When a dog came at me，I raised a stone in defence of (以保护) myself. 5．The problem has drawn his attention (已经引起他的注意) and soon it will be solved. 6．Saving our planet (拯救我们的星球) has become the subject of the whole world. 7．The police are trying their best to search for(搜寻) the lost child. 8．For the sake of a new baby，the woman can't keep the balance between (……之间的平衡)the job and the housework. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $