Unit 4 Perseverance and Success-Reading Further-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第二册·重庆大学版·Unit4 PerseveranceandSuccess -ReadingFurther 一、重点单词详解 1:mechanical 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.机械的；力学的：呆板的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：mechan(机械) 名词：mechanic/na'kanrk(机械师；技工) 名词：mechanism/'mekenizom/(机制；机械装置) 副词：nechanically/ms'kaentkli/(机械地；呆板地) 三、用法与常见搭配 be mechanical in sth.(在某方面呆板的) mechanical engineering(机械工程) mechanical device(机械装置) 四、重点辨析 mechanical VS automatic:mechanical强调”机械原理的、需手动操作的”；automatic指 自动化的、无需人工干预的”。 2:irresistible 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.不可抗拒的；无法抵挡的 构词法（词性转换） 否定前缀：ir-（不，无)+resist(v.抵抗)+-ible(形容词后缀，表”可…的”) 动词：resist.红zIst（抵抗；忍住) 名词：resistance/I'zIstans/(抵抗；阻力) 副词：irresistibly/mr'ZIstabli/,(不可抗拒地) 三、用法与常见搭配 an irresistible attraction(无法抗拒的吸引力) be irresistible to sb.(对某人来说难以抗拒) can't1 esist doing sth.(忍不住做某事) 四、拓展 resist还可表示”忍住（诱惑、食欲等）”，如resist the temptation（抵制诱惑)。 3:undergo 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v,经历；经受 二、构词法（词性转换） mder-（前缀，表”在…之下；经历”)+g0(v.去) 过去式/过去分词：underwent/,nda'went/;ndergone/,Anda'gDn/ 名词：undergoing（经历，动名词) 三、用法与常见搭配 undergo changes（经历变化) undergo treatment/surgery(接受治疗/手术) undergo a test(经受测试) 四、重点辨析 ndergo VS experience:ndergo多用于经历艰难、痛苦或重大变化”；experience泛指” 经历（任何事情）”。 4:pessimistic core考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.悲观的；悲观主义的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：pessimism/'pesrmizom/(悲观主义) 名词：pessimist/pesrmIst/(悲观主义者) 副词：pessimistically/,pesr'mIstrkli/（悲观地) 反义词：optimistic/,Dpt'mistrk/(乐观的) 三、用法与常见搭配 be pessimistic about sth.(对某事悲观) a pessimistic view(悲观看法) 四、拓展 固定句型：take a pessimistic attitude towards..(对…持悲观态度)。 5:invisible 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.看不见的；无形的 二、构词法（词性转换） 否定前缀：in-(不，无)+visible(adj.可见的) 名词：invisibility /in viza'brlati/(不可见性) 反义词：visible/VIzabl/(看得见的) 三、用法与常见搭配 be invisible to the eye(肉眼看不见的) invisible hand(无形的手，经济学概念) 四、重点辨析 invisible VS hidden:invisible指”物理上看不见的；hidden强调”被隐藏的、不易发现 的”。 6:matchless 、 核心考点 词性：形容词（ad山j.) 核心义：adj.无比的；无双的 二、构词法（词性转换） match(v.匹配)+-less(形容词后缀，表”无…的) 副词：matchlessly/'maetflasli/（无比地) 三、用法与常见搭配 matchless beauty(绝世美貌) matchless courage(无比的勇气) 四、拓展 近义词：nmatched/'n'met/(不相上下的)；peerless/pralas//(无可匹敌的)。 7:overturn 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.推翻；倾覆；翻转 二、构词法（词性转换） over-（前缀，表”翻转；超过)+m(v.转动) 名词：overturn(倾覆，可数) 三、用法与常见搭配 overturn a decision(推翻决定) overturn a car（使汽车倾覆) be overturned by sth.(被某事推翻) 四、多义 overturn作及物动词时表”推翻（观点、判决等）”；作不及物动词时表”翻倒”，如The boat overturned.(船翻了。) 8:downward 核心考点 词性：形容词/副词(adj./adv.) 核心义：ad.ladv.向下的；向下地 二、构词法（词性转换） dowm(adv.向下)+-ward(后缀，表”方向) 反义词：pward/'△pwad/(向上的；向上地) 三、 用法与常见搭配 downward trend(下降趋势) point downward(指向下方) move downward（向下移动) 四、拓展 -ward可替换为-wards,如downwards//upwards,含义不变。 9:display 核心考点 词性：动词/名词(v.m.) 核心义：v..展示；陈列；展览 二、构词法（词性转换） dis-(前缀，表”分开；显露)+play(v.播放；表演) 形容词：displayed(陈列的，表被动) 三、用法与常见搭配 display sth.tosb.(向某人展示某物) on display(展出中) display courage/confidence(表现出勇气/自信) 「四、重点辨析 display VS show:display强调”公开展示、刻意表现”；show泛指”出示、展示”，更口 语化。 10:tightly 核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.紧紧地；牢固地 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：tight/tart/(紧的；牢固的)+-ly(副词后缀) 动词：ighten/'tatn/（使变紧；拧紧) 三、 用法与常见搭配 hold tightly(紧紧握住) be tightly closed(紧闭的) tighten one'sgip(握紧；加强控制) 四、拓展 tight还可表”（时间、资金）紧张的，如a tight schedule(紧张的日程)。 11:drill 一、 核心考点 词性：动词/名词(v.m.) 核心义：v.m钻孔；训练；钻头；操练 二、构词法（词性转换） 多词性：动词表”钻孔；训练；名词表”钻头；操练 三、用法与常见搭配 drill a hole(钻孔) drill students in sth.(训练学生某事) military drill(军事操练) 「四、重点辨析 drill VS practice:dill强调”反复练习以熟练技能；practice泛指”练习，可搭配in/on sth. 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The old machine made a loud noise when it worked. A)mechanic B)mechanical C)mechanism D)mechanically 2.The smell of fresh bread from the bakery was_,so I bought a loaf. A)resistible B)irresistible C)resistance D)resist 3.The patient hasthree operations in the past two years. A)undergone B)underwent C)undergo D)undergoing 4.Don't be too about the future;things will get better soon A)pessimist B)pessimism C)pessimistic D)optimistically 5.Microorganisms are to the naked eye and can only be seen with a microscope A)visible B)invisible C)invisibility D)vision 6.The team showed_courage in the face of strong opponents. A)matchless B)matched C)matching D)peer 7.The court decided to_the previous judgment due to new evidence. A)overtake B)overturn C)overcome D)overlook 8.Atrend in house prices has been observed in recent months. A)downward B)upward C)downwards D)upwards 9.The art gallery willpaintings by local artists next month A)display B)show C)exhibit D)perform 10.Shethe child's hands to keep him from getting lost in the crowd. A)tight B)tightly C)tightened D)tights (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The company has_()significant changes since the new manager took over.(un- dergo) 2.He has a_(attitude towards the success of the project.(pessimistic) 3.The magician made the rabbit_(看不见的)with a wave of his wand.(invisible) 4.The_(机械的)failure caused the factory to stop production.(mechanical) 5.She couldn't resist_(buy)the beautiful dress when she saw it.(提示：resist的用法) 6.The government plans to (the outdated law next year.(overturn) 7.Prices have been on a_()trend for six consecutive months.(downward) 8.The museum()many ancient artifacts from the Ming Dynasty.(display) 9.The (repaired the broken engine in less than an hour.(mechanic) 10.Her(talent in music won her the first prize in the competition.(matchless) (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The new robot has a highly developed m_arm that can perform precise movements. 2.The smell of chocolate cake was i_,so I had to have a slice. 3.Patients with this illness usually ua long period of treatment 4.Some people tend to be pwhen facing difficulties,while others stay positive. 5.Air is i,but we can feel it when the wind blows. 6.The athlete showed mstrength and broke the world record 7.The court's decision was later o_by a higher authority. 8.The graph shows a clear d trend in sales during the winter months 9.The store will d its new collection of clothes in the window next week. 10.She held the rope t to prevent herself from falling down the cliff. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BB AC B ABAA C 2.补全句子答案： 1.undergone 2.pessimistic 3.invisible 4.mechanical 5.buying 6.overturn 7.downward 8. displays 9.mechanic 10.matchless 3.首字母填空答案： 1.mechanical 2.irresistible 3.undergo 4.pessimistic 5.invisible 6.matchless 7.overturned 8.downward 9.display 10.tightly 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第二册·Unit4 Perseverance and Success-Reading Further