Unit 2 Out of this world 一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（译林版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第三册·译林版·Unit2 Outofthisworld一 一、 重点单词详解 1:absence 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.缺乏，不存在：缺席 二、必记搭配与例句 be absent from(缺席…，不在…)：Her absence from the meeting yesterday was due to a sudden illness in the absence of(缺乏…时；当…不在时)：In the absence of evidence,the case was dismissed. absence of mind(心不在焉)：His absence of mind during the lecture was noticeable. 三、重点辨析 反义词：presence./prezns/(n.在场；存在) 固定搭配：during one's absence(某人不在期间) 2:evaluate 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：vt评估，估计，评价 二、必记搭配与例句 evaluate sth.(评估某物)：Teachers need to evaluate students'performance regularly to provide feedback. evaluate sb.on sth.（根据某事评价某人)：The manager will evaluate employees on their work performance. evaluate the impact/.effect of(评估…的影响/效果)：We need to evaluate the impact of the new policy. 三、重点辨析 evaluate vs.assess: evaluate强调通过仔细考虑进行评价；assess侧重确定价值或性质 3:exposure 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.面临，遭受；揭露；报道 二、必记搭配与例句 exposure to(暴露于；接触…)：Long-term exposure to loud noise can cause hearing loss. exposure of sth.(揭露某事)：The report led to the exposure of corruption in the organization. risk of exposure(暴露的风险)：There is a high risk of exposure to radiation in this area. 三、拓展用法 固定搭配：sun exposure（日晒) radiation exposure(辐射暴露) 4:vital 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.必不可少的，对…极重要的：维持生命所必需的 必记搭配与例句 be vital to/for(对…至关重要)：Water is vital for the survival of all living things. vital organs（重要器官)：The heart and lungs are vital organs.. play a vital role in(在…中起重要作用)：Education plays a vital role in personal develop ment 三、重点辨析 vital vs.crucial:vital强调维持生命或核心功能的重要性；crucial侧重关键的转折点 5:discipline 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：vt.严格要求（自己）；惩罚；训练；n.训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力 三、 必记搭配与例句 动词：discipline oneself to do sth.(严格要求自己做某事)：He disciplines himself to exercise every morning. 名词：military discipline(军事纪律)：Military discipline requires strict obedience to orders academic discipline(学术科目)：Physics is an important academic discipline. 三、拓展用法 固定搭配：self-discipline(自律) discipline problems(纪律问题) 6:permanent 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.永久的，永恒的 二、必记搭配与例句 permanent residence(永久居留)：They applied for permanent residence in Canada permanent damage(永久性损伤)：The accident caused permanent damage to his eyesight, permanent solution(长久之计)：We need to find a permanent solution to this problem 三、重点辨析 permanent vs.eternal:permanent强调时间上的持续不变；eternal侧重超越时间的永恒 7:circumstance 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.条件，状况；(circumstances)境况，（尤指）经济状况 、 必记搭配与例句 in/under the circumstances(在这种情况下)：Under the circumstances,.we had no choice but to cancel the trip circumstances beyond one's control(无法控制的情况)：The delay was due to circumstances beyond our control. depending on circumstances(视情况而定)：We'll make a decision depending on circum- stances 三、拓展用法 固定搭配：in no circumstances(绝不) 复数形式：circumstances常指”经济状况 8:occupy 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：t占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于 二、必记搭配与例句 occupy oneself with sth.(忙于某事)：She occupied herself with volunteer work during her summer vacation. be occupied in doing sth.(忙于做某事)：He was occupied in preparing for the upcoming exam. occupy a positio/role(担任某职位/角色)：She occupies an important position in the company 三、拓展用法 固定搭配：occupied territory(被占领土) keep sb.occupied(使某人忙碌) 9:maintain 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：vt.维持，保持；维修，保养；坚持认为 二、必记搭配与例句 maintain sth.(维持某物)：It is important to maintain a positive attitude towards life, maintain that..（坚持认为…)：He maintains that he is innocent. maintain good relations with（与…保持良好关系)：We should maintain good relations with our neighbors. 三、拓展用法 固定搭配：maintain order(维持秩序) maintain a healthy lifestyle(保持健康的生活方式) 10:bother 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：t.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力（做某事）；打扰；ⅵ.花费时间精力（做某 事)：n.麻烦，困难 二、必记搭配与例句 bother to do sth.（费心做某事)：Don't bother to cook dinner-一I'll order takeout bother sb.about sth.(为某事打扰某人)：Don't bother your parents with trivial matters when they are busy. What's the bother?(有什么麻烦？)：What's the bother?You seem worried. 三、重点辨析 bother vs.disturb:bother侧重给人带来不便；disturb强调打断平静或专注 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.Her_from the meeting yesterday was due to a sudden illness. A)absent B)absence C)presence D)present 2.Teachers need to_students'performance regularly to provide feedback. A)evaluate B)assessment C)evaluate D)valuing 3.Long-term to loud noise can cause hearing loss A)expose B)exposure C)exposed D)exposing 4.Water is for the survival of all living things. A)vital B)vitality C)vitally D)virtual 5.Military requires strict obedience to orders. A)discipline B)disciplined C)disciplining D)disciple 6.The company offers_contracts to its full-time employees A)permanently B)permanent C)permanence D)permeate 7.Under no_should you leave the children alone at home. A)circumstance B)circumstances C)circumstantial D)circumstantially 8.She herself with volunteer work during her summer vacation. A)occupied B)occupation C)occupy D)occupying 9.It is important toa positive attitude towards life. A)maintain B)maintenance C)maintaining D)maintainable 10.Don'tyour parents with trivial matters when they are busy A)disturb B)bother C)interrupt D)annoy (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.His_(absent)from school has lasted for three days. 2.The-(evaluate)of the project will be completed next week. 3.The report led to the_(expose)of corruption in the organization. 4.Regular exercise is important for maintaining(vital) 5.The soldiers showed great(discipline)during the mission. 6.The accident caused(permanence)damage to his eyesight. 7.We need to consider all_(circumstance)before making a decision. 8.Her main_(occupy)is teaching English at a high school. 9.The building requires regular (maintain)to stay in good condition. 10.It's (bother)to have to wait for hours in the rain. （三)首字母填空(10题) 1.His a from the party made everyone worried. 2.The teacher asked us to ethe effectiveness of online learning. 3.Too much e to sunlight can increase the risk of skin cancer. 4.Fresh air is v for good health. 5.Self-d is key to achieving long-term goals. 6.They decided to settle down and find phomes. 7.Under the c we had no choice but to cancel the trip. 8.She was fully owith preparing for the upcoming exam. 9.The museum spends a lot on the mof ancient artifacts. 10.Don't bto cook dinnerI'll order takeout. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BA B AA BB AA B 解析1（第1题）： 考查absence的固定用法。be absent from表示缺席…，不在…”，符合句意”她昨 天缺席会议是因为突然生病；presence表示”在场”，present表示”现在的”，均不符合 语境，故选B。 解析2（第2题）： 考查evaluate的固定用法。evaluate sth.表示”评估某物，符合句意”教师需要定期评估 学生的表现以提供反馈”；assessment是名词，valuing强调”重视”，均不符合语境，故 选A。 解析3（第3题）： 考查exposure的固定用法。exposure to表示”暴露于”，符合句意？长期暴露在噪音中会 导致听力损失”；expose是动词，exposed是形容词，exposing是现在分词，均不符合语 境，故选B。 2.补全句子答案： 1.absence 2.evaluation 3.exposure 4.vitality 5.discipline 6.permanent 7.circumstances 8. occupation 9.maintenance 10.bothersome 3.首字母填空答案： 1.absence 2.evaluate 3.exposure 4.vital 5.discipline 6.permanent 7.circumstances 8.oc- cupied 9.maintenance 10.bother 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第三册·Unit2 Out of this world一