Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（译林版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·译林版·Unit1 Honestyandresponsibility 一、重点单词详解 1:appointment 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.约定，约会；任命，委任；职务 二、必记搭配与例句 make an appointment with sb..(与某人预约)：I have an appointment with the doctor at3pm. keep an appointment(守约)：It's important to keep your appointments break an appointment ()He broke his appointment without informing me. have an appointment(有约会)：She has three appointments today. by appointment(预约)：Visits are by appointment only. 三、重点用法 动词：appoint/月'pont/（t.任命；约定) 表示”约会”时为可数名词，如：I have three appointments today. 表示”任命”时为不可数名词，如：His appointment as manager was popular: 2:suspect 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：t&i.疑有，觉得：n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象 二、必记搭配与例句 suspect sb.ofsth./doing sth.(怀疑某人做某事)：The police suspect him of stealing the money suspect that..（怀疑…)：I suspect that he is lying a murder suspect(谋杀嫌疑犯)：The police arrested a murder suspect yesterday. 三、重点辨析 suspect vs.doubt suspect指”猜想（某事属实或某人有某种行为)”，doubt指？怀疑（某事的真实性或可 能性)”。如：I suspect he is lying.(我怀疑他在撒谎。)I doubt if he will come..(我怀疑 他是否会来。) 3:arrest 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v.) 核心义：n.&t.逮捕，拘捕 二、 必记搭配与例句 arrest sb.for sth.(因某事逮捕某人)：The police arrested him for theft under arrest(被逮捕)：He is under arrest for robbery make an arrest（进行逮捕)：The police made three arrests yesterday. arrest one's attention(吸引某人的注意力)：The bright colors arrested my attention. 三、重点用法 形容词：arrested/a'restrd/(ad.被捕的；发育受阻的) arrest作及物动词，可直接接宾语，如：The police arrested the thief. 4:reliable 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.可信赖的，可靠的；真实可信的，可靠的 二、必记搭配与例句 be reliable for(对…可靠)：He is reliable for any important task a reliable source of information（可靠的信息来源)：This newspaper is a reliable source of information. rely on sb./sth.（依靠某人/某物)：You can rely on his promise. rely on doing sth.（依靠做某事)：We rely on getting there on time. 三、重点用法 动词：rely/'lar/(i.依靠；信赖) 名词：reliability红lare'brlati/(n.可靠性) 副词：reliably'larabli/(adv.可靠地；确实地) 5:principle 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.道德原则；法则；信条 二、必记搭配与例句 in principle（原则上；大体上)：n principle,I agree with your proposal. on principle(根据原则)：He refused on principle to accept the money. against one's principles(违背某人的原则)：Lying is against my principles 三、重点辨析 principle vs.principal principle仅作名词，意为”原则”；principal可作形容词”主要的和名词”校长；本金。 如：He has high moral principles.(他有高尚的道德原则。)The principal reason is..(主要 原因是…) 6:burden 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.(义务、责任等的)重担，负担 二、必记搭配与例句 bear/carry a burden(承担重担)：She bears the burden of caring for her sick mother. a burden on sb./sth.（某人/某物的负担)：The debt is a heavy burden on the family burden sb.with sth.(使某人背负…重担)：He was burdened with heavy debts. 三、重点用法 动词：burden/b3:d/(vt.加重压于；烦扰) 7:substantial “、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的 二、必记搭配与例句 a substantial amount of money(一大笔钱)：He inherited a substantial amount of money a substantial building（坚固的建筑物)：This is a substantial building that will last for years. substantial evidence(确凿的证据)：The police have substantial evidence against him, 三、重点辨析 substantial vs.considerable substantial强调”数量大、价值高或质地坚实”，considerable强调”程度或数量相当大”。 如：a substantial profit(巨额利润)，a considerable improvement(相当大的改进) 8:innocent 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)、名词(n.) 核心义：adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的：n.无辜者，单纯的人 必记搭配与例句 be innocent of sth.(无罪的；无辜的)：He was found innocent of all charges. an innocent child(天真的f孩子)：She has the smile of an innocent child. the innocents（无辜的人们)：We must protect the innocents in war: 三、 重点用法 名词：innocence/'nesns/(n.无辜；天真) 副词：innocently/nesntli/(adv.无辜地；天真地) 9:legal “、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.合法的；法律的 必记搭配与例句 legal advice(法律咨询)：You should seek legal advice before signing the contract legal rights（合法权利)：Every citizen has legal rights that must be protected legal system(法律体系)：We need to improve our legal system. 三、 重点辨析 legal vs.lawful legal指”符合法律的”，lawful指”与法律一致的，合法的”，两者常可互换，但legal更 正式。如：a legal/lawful act(合法行为) 10:worthwhile 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.值得花时间（或花钱、努力等），重要的，令人愉快的 二、必记搭配与例句 It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth.(做某事是值得的)：It is worthwhile to learn a foreign language. a worthwhile job(值得做的工作)：Teaching is a worthwhile job. 三、重点辨析 worthwhile vs.worth vs.worthy worthwhile可作定语和表语，woth仅作表语，常用be worth sth./doing sth.,worthy可作 定语和表语，常用be worthy of sth./to be done。如：It is worthwhile to read the book.The book is worth reading./The book is worthy of being read./The book is worthy to be read. 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The police have made threein connection with the robbery. A)appointments B)arrests C)suspects D)burdens 2.It is to spend time learning a second language at a young age. A)worthwhile B)worth C)worthy D)innocent 3.You should a doctor if you have a persistent cough A)make an appointment with B)arrest C)suspect D)rely on 4.She was_of the crime and released immediately. A)legal B)innocent C)reliable D)substantial 5.The new policy will have aimpact on the local economy. A)suspicious B)innocent C)substantial D)worthwhile 6.We need a_witness to confirm the details of the accident. A)reliable B)legal C)arrested D)innocent 7.The company's_as CEO was announced last week. A)appointment B)burden C)principle D)legality 8.He was for driving without a license. A)suspected B)arrested C)burdened D)appointed 9.Parents often their children with high expectations. A)suspect B)arrest C)burden D)legalize 10.The contract must be signed in the presence of aadvisor. A)legal B)lawful C)illegal D)reliably (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The judge declared her_(innocence,)after reviewing the evidence. 2.We need to find a more_(rely,形容词)way to solve this problem 3.The company has made a_(substance,.形容词)profit this year. 4.It is (legal,required to wear a seatbelt in this country. 5.The_(appoint,)of the new director will take effect next month 6.She(suspect,)that he was hiding something from her. 7.The project was_(woth,形"容词)all the effort we put into it. 8.His(innocent,)was proven beyond doubt in court (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.You must keep your awith the dentist tomorrow morning. 2.The police have arrested a s_in connection with the theft. 3.It is w_to spend time studying for the final exam. 4.The witness provided sevidence to support her claim. 5.He has a strong sense of pand always does the right thing 6.The company is legally rfor any damages caused by its products. 7.She was bwith the responsibility of caring for her sick mother. 8.The new law ensures that all citizens enjoy equal L rights 9.The suspect was found iand released from custody. 10.We need to find a rsource of information for our research. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BAA BCAAB CA 解析1（第1题）： 考查arrest的固定用法。make arrests表示”进行逮捕”，符合句意”警方已经逮捕了三名 与抢劫案有关的人；appointments表示”约会？，suspects表示”嫌疑犯”，burdens表示” 负担”，均不符合语境，故选B。 解析2（第2题）： 考查worthwhile的用法。It is worthwhile to do sth.表示”做某事是值得的”，符合句意” 年轻时花时间学习第二语言是值得的；woth和worthy的用法不同，innocent表示”无 辜的，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析3（第3题）： 考查appointment的固定搭配。make an appointment with sb.表示”与某人预约”，符合句 意”如果你持续咳嗽，应该预约看医生”；arrest表示”逮捕”，suspect表示”怀疑”，Iely on表示”依靠”，均不符合语境，故选A。 2.补全句子答案： 1.innocence 2.reliable 3.substantial 4.legally 5.appointment 6.suspected 7.worthwhile 8. innocence 3.首字母填空答案： 1.appointment 2.suspect 3.worthwhile 4.substantial 5.principle 6.responsible 7.burdened 8.legal 9.innocent 10.reliable 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility一