内容正文:
期末词汇复习
必修第三册·译林版·Unit3 Theworldonline.二
、
重点单词详解
1:arrangement
、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.安排;布置;约定;排列
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词:arrange/A'rend3(v.安排;整理;筹备)
名词:arrangement(由arrange+-ment名词后缀构成)
三、用法与常见搭配
动词(arrange)
arrange sth.(安排/整理某物)
a1 range for sb.to do sth.(安排某人做某事)
arrange with sb.about sth.(与某人协商某事)
名词(arrangement)
make arrangements for(为…做安排)
come to an arrangement(达成协议)
the arrangement of sth.(某物的排列/布局)
四、拓展用法
可数名词:表示”具体的安排/约定”时可数(如detailed arrangements);表示”整体布
置”时不可数
固定搭配:special arrangements(特别安排);mutual arrangement(双方约定)
2:establish
一、核心考点
词性:动词(vt.)
核心义:吐建立(关系或联系);设立;确立;使得到认可;查实,确定
二、构词法(词性转换)
词根:stable(adj.稳定的)
形容词:stable/sterbl/(稳定的)
名词:establishment/I'staeblIfmant/(机构;建立)
过去分词:established(adj.已建立的;公认的)
三、用法与常见搭配
establish sth.(建立/设立某物〉
establish a business/company(创办企业/公司)
establish a relationship with(与…建立关系)
establish that.(查实/确定…)
四、辨析
establish vs.build:establish侧重”抽象事物的建立”(如制度、声誉),build侧重”具体
事物的建造”(如建筑、道路)
常见搭配:well-established(历史悠久的);establish oneself as(确立…的地位)
3:instant
“、
核心考点
词性:形容词(ad.)、名词(n.)
核心义:ad.即时的,立刻的;方便的;n.瞬间,片刻;某一时刻
二、构词法(词性转换)
副词:instantly/'nstantli/(立即;马上)
名词:instance/'nstens/(例子;实例)
形容词:instantaneous/insten'temnias/(瞬间的)
三、用法与常见搭配
形容词(instant)
instant coffee/noodles(速溶咖啡/方便面)
instant success(一举成功)
名词(instant)
at that instant(在那一刻)
for an instant(一瞬间)
in an instant(立刻)
四、辨析
instant vs..immediate:instant强调”时间极短,immediate强调”无延迟
固定句型:the instant(hat)..(一…就…,引导时间状语从句)
4:aware
、
核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.知道,意识到;察觉到,发觉;有…意识的
一、
构词法(词性转换)
名词:awareness /a'weanas/(意识;认识)
反义词:unaware/,n'wea(r)/(未意识到的)
副词:awarely'weali//(警觉地)
三、
用法与常见搭配
be aware of sth.(意识到某事)
be aware that..(意识到…)
become aware of(开始意识到)
self-aware(有自我意识的)
四、拓展用法
固定搭配:environmentally aware(有环境意识的):politically aware(有政治觉悟的)
注意:aware不能用于名词前作定语,需用awareness(如environmental awareness).
5:guideline
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.准则,指导方针;参考
构词法(词性转换)
动词:guide /gard/(v.指导:引导)
名词:gide(指南;导游)
合成词:由gide(指导)+line(线路/方针)构成
三、用法与常见搭配
follow the guidelines(遵循准则)
issue guidelines(发布指导方针)
general guidelines(一般准则)
四、辨析
guideline vs.nle:guideline侧重”指导性建议”(非强制),nle侧重”必须遵守的规则
常见搭配:safety guidelines(安全准则);ethical guidelines(道德规范)
6:request
一、
核心考点
词性:动词(t)、名词(n)
核心义:vt.要求,请求;n.要求,请求;要求的事
二、构词法(词性转换)
形容词:requested(被要求的)
名词:requisition/,rekwI'zn/(正式要求;征用)
三、用法与常见搭配
动词(1 equest)
request sth.(要求某物)
request sb.to do sth.(要求某人做某事)
request that..(要求…,从句用虚拟语气should-+动词原形)
名词(request)
make a request for(请求…)
atsb.'s request(应某人的要求)
四、辨析
request vs..demand:1 equest语气委婉(正式场合常用),demand语气强硬(强调'必须
满足)
固定搭配:special request(特殊要求);request permission(请求许可)
7:technical
一、核心考点
词性:形容词(adj)
核心义:adj.技术的,技能的;专门技术的;专业的
构词法(词性转换)
名词:technique/tek'ni:k/(技巧;工艺)
名词:technology /tek'nplad3i/(技术;科技)
副词:technically/teknrkli/(技术上;严格来说)
三、用法与常见搭配
technical support(技术支持)
technical skills(专业技能)
technical terms(专业术语)
四、辨析
technical vs..technological:technical侧重”具体技术/技能的”,technological侧重'科技
发展的”(如technological progress)
常见搭配:technical problem(技术难题);technical innovation(技术革新)
8:upload
核心考点
词性:动词(t.)
核心义:t上载,上传
二、构词法(词性转换)
反义词:download/.dan'lad/(下载)
合成词:由p(向上)+load(加载)构成
名词:upload(n.上传;上传文件)
三、用法与常见搭配
upload sth.to..(将某物上传到…)》
upload files/photos(上传文件/照片)
batch upload(批量上传)
四、拓展用法
及物动词:直接接宾语(如upload data)
常见搭配:upload speed(上传速度);automatic upload(自动上传)
9:download
一、核心考点
词性:动词(t.)
核心义:t下载
二、构词法(词性转换)
反义词:upload(上传)
合成词:由down(向下)+load(加载)构成
名词:download(n.下载;下载文件)
三、
用法与常见搭配
download sth.fiom..(从…下载某物)
download software/music(下载软件/音乐)
illegal download(非法下载)
四、辨析
download vs..nload:download专指”从网络下载数据”,nload指”从交通工具卸下货
物
常见搭配:download link(下载链接):download time(下载时间)
10:comment
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、动词(vi.&t.)
核心义:n.议论,评论;批评,指责;vi.&t.表达意见
、
构词法(词性转换)
形容词:commentary/'komantri/(评论;解说)
过去分词:commented(被评论的)
三、用法与常见搭配
动词(comment)
comment on/about sth.(对某事评论)
comment that..(评论说…)
no comment(无可奉告)
名词(comment)
make comments on(对…发表评论)
negative/positive comments(负面/正面评论)
四、辨析
comment vs..remark:comment侧重?正式评论”(如媒体评论),remark侧重”随口评论
(非正式)
固定搭配:editorial comment(社论评论);anonymous comment(匿名评论)
二、词汇巩固练习
(一)单项选择(10题)
1.We need to make detailed for the upcoming conference.
A)arrange
B)arrangement
C)arrangements
D)arranging
2.The company plans to_a new branch in Shanghai next year.
A)establish
B)build
C)set
D)found
3.You can enjoy noodles in just three minutes by adding hot water.
A)instant
B)immediate
C)quick
D)fast
4.Most students are_of the importance of environmental protection.
A)aware
B)awake
C)knowing
D)noticing
5.All staff must follow the safety while working in the lab
A)rules
B)guidelines
C)orders
D)instructions
6.The teacherthat all homework be submitted by Friday.
A)demanded
B)requested
C)asked
D)ordered
7.The IT department provides_support for all office equipment.
A)technological
B)technical
C)technique
D)technology
8.Please the report to the shared drive before the meeting.
A)download
B)unload
C)upload
D)load
9.You canthe software for free from the official website
A)download
B)upload
C)unload
D)reload
10.The film has received mixed from both critics and audiences.
A)remarks
B)comments
C)speeches
D)talks
(二)根据提示补全句子(8题)
1.The government has issued new_(guide)on public health
2.She has a strong_(aware)of the need for cultural preservation
3.The (establish)of the new hospital will improve local healthcare
4.Please submit your(request)in writing to the HR department.
5.The team made careful(arrange)for the field trip.
6.The new policy aims to raise public_(aware)of mental health.
7.He was praised for his excellent (technical)skills in engineering.
8.The manager's_(comment)on the project were helpful for improvement.
(三)首字母填空(10题)
1.It is important to follow the gwhen using the new equipment.
2.She pressed the button and the door opened i.
3.The company needs to ebetter communication with its customers
4.We should be aof the risks before starting the project.
5.Please ra meeting room for 30 people next Monday.
6.You can u the photos to your social media account directly.
7.The teacher asked students to dthe reading materials from the course website.
8.The boss made a positive con our team's performance.
9.The hotel made special a for guests with disabilities.
10.The manual provides t support for troubleshooting common issues
(四)答案与解析
1.单项选择答案:CAAA B BB CA B
解析1(第1题):
考查arrangement的固定用法。make detailed arrangements表示”做详细安排’,符合句
意”我们需要为即将到来的会议做详细安排;arrange是动词,arrangement是单数形式,
a1 anging是动名词,均不符合语境,故选C。
解析2(第2题):
考查establish的固定用法。establish a new branch表示”建立新分支机构”,符合句意”
公司计划明年在上海建立新分支机构”;buld侧重”具体建造”,set和found用法不完
整,均不符合语境,故选A。
解析3(第5题):
考查guideline的固定用法。follow the safety guidelines表示”遵循安全准则”,符合句意,
所有员工在实验室工作时必须遵循安全准则”;les强调”必须遵守的规则”,orders和
instructions强调”指令”,均不符合语境,故选B。
2.补全句子答案:
1.guidelines 2.awareness 3.establishment 4.request 5.arrangements 6.awareness 7.tech-
nical 8.comments
3.首字母填空答案:
1.guidelines 2.instantly 3.establish 4.aware 5.request 6.upload 7.download 8.comment
9.arrangements 10.technical
英语词汇复习手册·必修第三册·Unit3 The world online二