Unit 1 Back to school 一-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册期末词汇复习（译林版）

期末词汇复习 必修第一册·译林版·Unit1 Backtoschool- 一、 重点单词详解 1:potential 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、形容词(adj.) 核心义：n.潜力：可能性/adj.潜在的：可能的 二、必记搭配与例句 have potential(有潜力)：Everyone has the potential to succeed if they work hard enough potential danger(潜在危险)：We should be aware of potential dangers in the forest. the potential to do sth.(做某事的可能性)：She has the potential to become a great leader. 三、重点辨析 potential vs.possible:potential侧重”潜在的、有能力实现的”，如potential ability(潜在 能力)；possible侧重”客观上可能发生的，如possible solution(可能的解决方案)。 2:acquire 一、核心考点 词性：动词(t.) 核心义：t获得，得到（侧重通过努力/学习获得） 二、必记搭配与例句 acquire knowledge/skills(习得知识/技能)：Reading widely is one of the best ways to acquire knowledge. acquire a habit(养成习惯)：It takes time to acquire good study habits. acquire a reputation(获得声誉)：The company has acquired a good reputation for quality 三、重点辦析 acquire vs.gain vs.obtain:acquire强调”通过持续努力逐步获得，如acquire expertise (积累专业知识)；gain侧重”通过努力获得利益、优势”，如gain experience(获得经验)： obtain强调”通过努力或请求得到所需之物”，如obtain permission（获得许可)。 3:challenge 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(t.) 核心义：n.&t.挑战：质疑 二、必记搭配与例句 challenge sb.to do sth.(挑战某人做某事)：The teacher challenged us to solve the difficult problem face/meet a challenge（面对/迎接挑战)：Don't be afraid to face challenges,they can make you stronger. rise to the challenge(应对挑战)：We must rise to the challenge and overcome the difficulties. 三、重点用法 固定句型：It's a challenge(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说做某事是挑战) 形容词：challenging(adj.具有挑战性的) 4:advance 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(t.&i.) 核心义：n.进步，进展；vt.&vi.发展，进步 二、必记搭配与例句 make advances in(在…方面取得进步)：Scientists have made great advances in the treatment of cancer in advance(提前；预先)：Remember to book your tickets in advance to avoid last-minute disappointment advance in sth.(在某方面取得进展)：With the rapid advance in technology,.our lives have become more convenient. 三、重点辨析 advance vs.progress:advance侧重”具体的前进、进展”，可指军事、科技等领域，如 advance in technology(技术进步)；progress指”持续、稳定的进步”，多用于抽象意义， 如progress in study(学习进步)。 5:confidence 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.信心，信任；把握 必记搭配与例句 build/gain confidence(建立/获得信心)：Building self-confidence is important for students personal development have confidence in sb./sth.(对某人/某事有信心)：She has great confidence in her team's ability with confidence(自信地)：She spoke confidently about her future plans,.believing she could achieve her goals. 三、固定句型 be confident of(doing)sth.(确信做某事) be confident that.（确信…) 6:positive 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.积极乐观的；良好的；正面的 二、必记搭配与例句 positive attitude(积极态度)：A positive attitude can help you overcome difficulties more easily. positive effect(积极影响)：Keeping a positive mind helps reduce stress in daily life be positive about（对…乐观)：We should be positive about our future. 三、拓展含义 数学：positive number(正数) 医学：positive result(阳性结果) 7:effort 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.努力，费力的事：试图 二、必记搭配与例句 make an effort/efforts to do sth.（努力做某事)：All the team members have made great efforts to complete the project on time. spare no effort(不遗余力)：No matter how difficult it is,we should spare no effort to achieve our dreams. with effort(费力地)：He lifted the heavy box with great effort. 三、注意事项 efot作”努力”时为不可数名词，如need more effort;作”具体尝试”时为可数名词，如 a brave effort。 8:amazing 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山.) 核心义：adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 二、必记搭配与例句 amazing achievement(惊人成就)：The view from the top of the mountain was simply amazing. be amazed at/by(对…感到惊奇)：We were all amazed at his performance to one's amazement(令某人惊奇的是)：To my amazement,.the little boy solved the math problem in 2 minutes. 三、 重点辨析 amazing vs.amazed:amazing修饰”事物”，表示”令人惊奇的”，如amazing scenery(（令 人惊叹的风景)：amazed修饰”人”，表示”感到惊奇的”，如an amazed look（惊讶的表 情)。 9:make a difference 核心考点 词性：短语 核心义：短语：起作用，有影响 二、必记搭配与例句 make a big/difference(产生重大/微小影响)：Small acts can make a big difference, make a difference to sb.sth.（对某人/某事有影响)：Your kind words and support1 eally made a difference to me during that hard time. It makes no difference..(…设有区别/影响)：It makes no difference whether you come today or tomorrow. 10:make the most of 、核心考点 词性：短语 核心义：短语：充分利用，尽情享受 二、必记搭配与例句 make the most of sth./sb.(充分利用某物/人)：We should make the most of our time at school make the most of every opportunity(充分利用每一个机会)：We should make the most of every chance to practice English if we want to improve. 三、同义短语 make full use of(充分利用) take full advantage of(充分利用) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.We should try our best to_our full potential in the competition. A)reach B)make C)take D)do 2.It takes years to the skills needed to become a professional pianist. A)gain B)acquire C)obtain D)win 3.Learning a new language is a big_but it's also very rewarding. A)challenge B)problem C)question D)doubt 4.With the rapid in technology,our lives have become more convenient. A)progress B)advance C)development D)growth 5.She spoke_about her future plans,believing she could achieve her goals. A)confidently B)carefully C)slowly D)quietly 6.A attitude can help you overcome difficulties more easily. A)negative B)positive C)passive D)active 7.All the team members have made greatto complete the project on time. A)efforts B)works C)jobs D)tasks 8.The view from the top of the mountain was simply A)amazed B)amazing C)boring D)bored 9.Your kind words and support really to me during that hard time. A)make a difference B)take effect C)play a role D)have an impact 10.We should_every chance to practice English if we want to improve. A)make use of B)make the most of C)take care of D)pay attention to (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The company is looking for someone with great leadership_(potential/n.). 2.Her_(acquire/n.)of foreign languages helped her get the job. 3.Climbing Mount Qomolangma is a highly(challenge/adj.)task. 4.This new technology is more(advance /adj.)than the previous version. 5.He answered all the questions(confidence adv.)during the interview. 6.The teacher praised her for her-(positive/n.)and enthusiasm 7.After years of_(effort/adj.)practice,she finally won the championship. 8.To my(amaze/n.),the little boy solved the math problem in 2 minutes (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Everyone has the p_to succeed if they work hard enough 2.Reading widely is one of the best ways to a knowledge. 3.Don't be afraid to face c;they can make you stronger. 4.Scientists have made great a in the treatment of cancer. 5.Building self-c is important for students'personal development. 6.Keeping a p mind helps reduce stress in daily life 7.No matter how difficult it is,we should spare no eto achieve our dreams. 8.The _(amaze)news spread quickly across the whole school. 9.Small acts of kindness can m_a big difference to someone's day. 10.Remember to book your tickets in a to avoid last-minute disappointment. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A BA B A B ABA B 解析1（第1题）： 考查potential的固定搭配。reach one's potential表示发挥某人的潜力”，符合句意”我 们应该在比赛中尽力发挥我们的全部潜力”；其他选项与potential搭配不当，故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查acquire的用法。acquire强调”通过持续努力逐步获得技能”，符合句意”需要多年 时间才能获得成为专业钢琴家所需的技能；gain侧重获得利益，obtain强调得到所需 之物，均不如acquire贴切，故选B。 解析3（第3题）： 考查challenge的含义。challenge表示”挑战”，符合句意”学习一门新语言是一个很大 的挑战，但也很有回报；problem强调问题，question强调疑问，doubt强调怀疑，均不 符合语境，故选A。 2.补全句子答案： 1.potential 2.acquisition 3.challenging 4.advanced 5.confidently 6.positivity 7.effortless 8.amazement 3.首字母填空答案： 1.potential 2.acquire 3.challenges 4.advances 5.confidence 6.positive 7.effort 8.amaz- ing 9.make 10.advance 英语词汇复习手册·必修第一册·Unit1 Back to school一