Unit 3 Careers and skills 一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（译林版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·译林版·Unit3 Careersandskills一 一、 重点单词详解 1:attain 一、核心考点 词性：动词(t) 核心义：t获得；达到 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：attainment/'ternment/(n.成就；获得) 形容词：attainable/a'ternabl/(adj.可达到的；可获得的) 三、用法与常见搭配 及物动词，直接接宾语 attain success/goal/independence（获得成功/达到目标/实现独立) attain the age of..(达到…年龄) 四、重点辨析 attain vs.achieve vs.obtain attain:强调通过努力、技能或漫长过程达到目标（正式）；achieve:侧重通过努力实现 成就或完成任务；obtain:指通过努力或请求获得具体事物（如物品、信息） 五、作文高级句型 Only by persistent endeavour can we attain our lifelong aspirations and realize our full poten- tial. 只有通过不懈努力，我们才能实现毕生追求并发挥全部潜力。 2:endeavour 、 核心考点 词性：动词(i.)、名词(n.) 核心义：i.努力，尽力；n.努力，尝试 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：endeavour(本身可作名词) 形容词：endeavouring /In'devar/(adj.努力的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词短语 endeavour to do sth.(努力做某事) make every endeavour(尽一切努力) 形容词搭配 joint endeavour（共同努力) successful endeavour（成功的尝试) 四、重点辨析 endeavour vs.attempt vs.strive endeavour::正式用词，强调认真努力达成目标；attempt:侧重尝试做某事，可能成功或 失败；strive:指持续努力克服困难（后接for/against) 五、作文高级句型 In the face of challenges,it is our collective endeavour that enables us to surmount obstacles and forge ahead 面对挑战时，正是我们的共同努力使我们能够克服障碍、奋勇前进。 3:anticipate 一、核心考点 词性：动词(t.) 核心义：t.预料；预计 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：nticipation/en.tsI'perfn/(n.预期；期待) 形容词：anticipatory/en,tsr'perteri/(adj.预期的) 三、用法与常见搭配 接名词动名词 anticipate difficulties/results(预料困难/结果) anticipate doing sth.(预计做某事) 固定搭配 in anticipation of(期待着；预计到) anticipate that从句（预料…） 四、易错点 不可用于anticipate sb.to do sth.,需用anticipate(sb.'s)doing sth.或that从句 五、作文高级句型 By anticipating potential problems and formulating solutions in advance,we can enhance the efficiency of project implementation 通过预见潜在问题并提前制定解决方案，我们能够提高项目执行效率。 4:respective 一 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：ad.分别的，各自的 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：respect/r'spekt/(vt.尊重；n.尊重) 副词：respectively/'spektrvli/(adv.分别地；各自地) 名词：respectiveness/'spektivnas/(n.各自；分别) 三、用法与常见搭配 修饰名词 respective roles/responsibilities(各自的角色/责任) respective parents(各自的父母) 副词搭配 A and B are.respectively..（A和B分别是…) 四、重点辨析 respective vs.respectively 1 espective:仅作定语，修饰名词；respectively:作状语，通常置于句尾 五、作文高级句型 Team members should fulfill their respective duties and communicate effectively to ensure the smooth progress of the task. 团队成员应履行各自职责并有效沟通，以确保任务顺利推进。 5:operate 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.、vi.) 核心义：t.经营，使运行；ⅵ.运转；工作；经营，营业 一、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：operation/,pp3're/(n.操作；手术；经营) 名词：operator/Dpererta((r)/（n.操作员；经营者) 形容词：operative/'Dperotv/(adj.运转的；有效的) 三、用法与常见搭配 及物动词 operate a business/machine(经营企业/操作机器) 不及物动词短语 operate on sb.(给某人做手术) operate in/within..(在…领域经营) 四、词义拓展 熟词僻义：operate可表示”起作用”（如：The medicine operates quickly.) 五、作文高级句型 Enterprises operating in the global market must adapt to cultural differences and local regula- tions to achieve sustainable development. 在全球市场经营的企业必须适应文化差异和当地法规，以实现可持续发展。 6:prejudice 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.偏见，成见 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：prejudice/'pred3udIs/(vt.使抱偏见；损害) 形容词：prejudiced/'pred3udst/（ad.有偏见的) 副词：prejudicially/,pred3'dli/(adv.带偏见地) 三、用法与常见搭配 介词搭配 have prejudice against sb./sth.(对…有偏见) overcome prejudice(克服偏见) 动词短语 prejudice sb.against sth.（使某人对某事产生偏见) 四、重点辨析 prejudice vs.bias prejudice:多指基于种族、宗教等的负面成见；bias:指偏好或倾向（中性或贬义） 五、作文高级句型 Eliminating prejudice and promoting inclusiveness is essential to building a harmonious and equitable society. 消除偏见、促进包容对于构建和谐公平的社会至关重要。 7:superior 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)、名词(n.) 核心义：adj.更好的，占优势的；n.级别更高的人 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：superiority/s:,pIai'Drti/(n.优越性；优势) 反义词：inferior /In'fai)/(adj.较差的；n.下级) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词搭配 superior to sth./sb.(比…更好/高级) superior quality(优质) 名词用法 report to one's superior(向上级汇报) 四、易错点 无比较级和最高级，本身含”更优”含义，不可说more superior 五、作文高级句型 In terms of technological innovation,this new product is superior to its competitors in both performance and user experience. 在技术创新方面，这款新产品在性能和用户体验上均优于竞争对手。 8:weigh up 一、核心考点 词性：短语动词（pr.) 核心义：pr.权衡，斟酌 构词法（短语构成） 动词：weigh/wer/(vt.称重；权衡) 副词搭配：weigh up carefully（仔细权衡) 三、用法与常见搭配 接名词/从句 weigh up the pros and cons(权衡利弊) weigh up whether to do sth.(斟酌是否做某事) 宾语位置 名词宾语可置于up前后：weigh the options up或weigh up the options 四、重点辨析 weigh up vs.evaluate vs.assess weigh up:强调对比分析后做决定；evaluate:侧重评估价值或质量；assess:指判断大 小、重要性等 五、作文高级句型 Before making important decisions,we should weigh up all relevant factors to avoid impul- sive choices. 做重要决定前，我们应权衡所有相关因素，避免冲动选择。 9:commercial 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.商业的，贸易的：盈利的；商业性的 、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：commerce/'kom3:s/(n.商业；贸易) 名词：commercial /ka'm3/(n.商业广告) 副词：commercially /ka'm3ali/(adv.商业上；盈利地) 三、用法与常见搭配 commercial development(商业开发) commercial production(商业生产) commercial value(商业价值) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.It takes years of hard work to_one's career goals. A)attain B)achieve C)obtain D)attempt 2.The team will_to complete the project ahead of schedule A)attempt B)endeavour C)strive D)operate 3.We didn't_such a high level of public interest in the exhibition A)anticipate B)prejudice C)weigh D)respect 4.The two sisters returned to their homes after the holiday. A)respective B)respectively C)respecting D)respectable 5.This new policy will on the lives of ordinary citizens. A)operate B)affect C)influence D)work 6.Many people still hold_against minority groups in society. A)bias B)prejudice C)difference D)similarity 7.This brand claims its products are to those of its competitors. A)more superior B)superior C)inferiormore D)inferior 8.You should the advantages and disadvantages before making a choice A)evaluate B)assess C)weigh up D)consider 9.The company focuses on_development rather than long-term research. A)commerce B)commercial C)commercially D)commercialize 10.The medicine_quickly and relieved his pain within minutes. A)operates B)works C)affects D)influences (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The scientist's(attain)in the field of physics earned him international recognition. 2.She made every(endeavour)to improve her language skills 3.The audience waited in(anticipate)for the concert to begin. 4.Team members must fulfill their(respective)roles to ensure success 5.The new policy will come into_(operate)next month. 6.Overcoming_(prejudice)requires education and open-mindedness. 7.The company's(superior)in technology gives it a competitive edge 8.After careful(weigh),they decided to invest in the new project. 9.The film was criticized for being too(commerce)and lacking artistic value 10.The team's(endeavour)efforts finally led to victory. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Only through persistent effort can we aour dreams. 2.The government is making every e to reduce unemployment rates 3.We a that the project will take at least six months to complete. 4.The two countries agreed to solve the dispute through their rchannels 5.The hospital will oon three patients with heart disease tomorrow. 6.His negative comments about the community showed deep-rooted p 7.This material is s to plastic in terms of durability and environmental friendliness 8.Before signing the contract,it's wise to wup all potential risks. 9.The company's new factory will focus on cproduction for export. 10.The success of the event was due to the c_endeavour of all volunteers. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A BA AA B BCB A 解析1（第1题）： 考查attain的固定用法。attain强调通过努力、技能或漫长过程达到日标，符合句意”需 要多年的努力工作才能达到职业日标”；achieve侧重通过努力实现成就，obtain指获得 具体事物，attempt表示尝试，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析2（第2题)： 考查endeavour的固定用法。endeavour to do sth.表示努力做某事”，符合句意”团队将 努力提前完成项目”；attempt侧重尝试，strive指持续努力，operate表示操作，均不符 合语境，故选B。 解析3（第7题）： 考查superior的固定用法。superior to表示”比…更好/高级，本身含比较含义，无比 较级形式，符合句意”这个品牌声称其产品优于竞争对手”；more superior为错误用法， inferior表示较差，故选B。 2.补全句子答案： 1.attainments 2.endeavour 3.anticipation 4.respective 5.operation 6.prejudice 7.superior- ity 8.weighing 9.commercial 10.endeavouring 3.首字母填空答案： 1.attain 2.endeavour 3.anticipate 4.respective 5.operate 6.prejudice 7.superior 8.weigh 9.commercial 10.collective 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit3 Careers and skills一