精品解析：天津市南开区天津中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

2025～2026学年第一学期天津中学 高三年级第二次质量检测英语试卷 听力部分 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the woman buy for her husband? A. A phone. B. A watch. C. A camera. 2. What does the woman tell the man to do? A. Wait a short time. B. Come back at four. C. Change the appointment. 3. What does the woman say about the report? A. She hasn’t finished it yet. B. She will type it next week. C. She spent a week typing it. 4. What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Policeman and driver. B. Boss and employee. C. Officer and soldier. 5. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At a bus stop. B. In a shop. C. In a car, 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. What is the man’s father? A. A lawyer. B. A doctor. C. A dentist. 7. What did the man major in at college? A. Engineering. B. Mathematics. C. Computer technology. 8. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a classroom. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. When was the man`s flight scheduled to take off? A. At 7:00 am. B. At 9:00 am. C. At 11:30 pm. 10. What did the man do after he missed the bus? A. He got to the airport by taxi. B. He stayed in a café for the night. C. He went back to the city by subway. 11. What do we know about the man? A. He missed his flight. B. He changed his flight. C. He was too early for his flight. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. When was the Union founded? A. In 1906. B. In 1916. C. In 1960. 13. What does the Union organize at special times? A. Short trips. B. Food parties. C. Summer camps. 14. How can a student join the Union? A. By sending an email. B. By making a phone call. C. By signing up in the office. 15. What do we know about the weekend events? A. Some have a number limit. B. Some require a high fee. C. Some are long trips. 笔试部分 一、单选题：本大题共15小题，共15分。 1. Hate and anger are felt only for those ________ we care deeply. A. for which B. with which C. for whom D. with whom 2. The company hired a new CEO ______ innovative ideas have led to significant growth. A. that B. whose C. which D. who 3. With life ________ ups and downs, it is not always easy to maintain a good and enthusiastic attitude. A. being made up B. making up of C. being consisted of D. consisting of 4. This accident is a good example of how a company a public scandal can be turned into an opportunity to win customers’ trust. A. to involve B. involving C. involved in D. being involved in 5. It is the first time that more than one ancient painting ______ to the public outside the museum. A. are displayed B. has been displayed C. have been displayed D. is displayed 6. Seeing John rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him_______. A. what is happened B. what happening C. what will happen D. what had happened 7. The archaeologists ______ in the ruins for months believe the artifacts they discovered last month ______ to the lost dynasty. A. worked; belong B. working; belong C. worked; belonged D. working; belonged 8. Those who are full of _______ always come up with fresh ideas. A. introduction B. innovation C. interaction D. intention 9. *After seeing an electrical outlet sparking, Deysi tried to ________ devices from nearby outlets, but then saw that a fire had already begun and spread to the furniture close by. A. unplug B. undo C. uncover D. unwind 10. This ________ weight loss was not just a number on the scale; it was a testament to his dedication and hard work. A. substantial B. prospective C. organic D. literal 11. — Why haven’t they agree with each other after a difficult discussion? — Because ______ side has plenty of reasons to stick to its thought. A. both B. any C. either D. none 12. It might be years ________ we made possible the creation of artificial intelligence systems capable of true human-like cognition. A. since B. before C. that D. when 13. When we talk about banning mobile phones in school, we should also look at the good side. In a word, we should not ________. A. kill two birds with one stone B. throw the baby out with the bathwater C. brave the elements D. have butterflies in our stomach 14. — May I use your laptop to send an urgent email? — ______. Go ahead, It’s on the desk. A. Don’t mention it B. By all means C. How come D. Never say never 15. At first, we wouldn’t let Jenny go surfing, but eventually we _______ as she was quite confident about it. A. turned in B. turned down C. gave away D. gave in 二、完形填空：本大题共20小题，共30分。 I’ve had the good fortune of spending a lot of time working in London over the years. I’m a typical American, ____16____ to making eye contact and smiling when speaking to others. But until I spent time abroad, I was never quite ____17____ of what my facial expressions could convey. In the UK, I ____18____ not everyone made as much eye contact on the street as I did. And it was ____19____ to hold eye contact during a business meeting. My ____20____ smile could be considered as flirtatious (轻浮的). But my British colleagues ____21____: I was American. This forward attitude was not ____22____, but it was just my culture. ____23____, being expressively cheerful among those who keep ____24____ closer to their vest (背心 ) was accepted in the UK. ______25______, in other countries a cultural misunderstanding of smiling can have serious results. While it’s unlikely that a mistimed smile will ______26______ you a contract (合同),______27______ interactions can make it much more difficult to build effective business relationships. Different cultures ______28______ smiling in different ways. In Russia, people do not smile because it ______29______ that you are at best foolish or at worst, sneaky (卑劣的). Even in family photos, adults ______30______ with stony faces. In Japan, smiling is a way to ______31______ your feeling that you don’t want others to know. Australians have smiling cultures. While they might not have the same ______32______ for giant white smiles as Americans, they smile more than our peers in Russia, Japan, Switzerland, and the UK. If Americans have to work abroad, my ______33______ is to make sure you do some research. It is ______34______ to be yourself, but you should also learn about the culture you are going to visit. This will help you communicate ______35______ and effectively with your peers. 16. A. limited B. devoted C. addicted D. accustomed 17. A. ashamed B. aware C. fond D. proud 18. A. admitted B. imagined C. discovered D. declared 19. A. special B. rare C. funny D. necessary 20. A. sweet B. artificial C. strange D. purposeful 21. A. expected B. analyzed C. predicted D. understood 22. A. friendly B. reliable C. traditional D. aggressive 23. A. Regretfully B. Luckily C. Eventually D. Frequently 24. A. sympathy B. attention C. feelings D. promises 25. A. However B. Instead C. Thus D. Otherwise 26. A. cost B. win C. save D. afford 27. A. brief B. vague C. awkward D. illegal 28. A. greet B. fancy C. explain D. avoid 29. A. indicates B. happens C. matters D. proves 30. A. appear B. leave C. hesitate D. observe 31. A. stress B. hide C. share D. assess 32. A. desire B. gift C. reason D. reputation 33. A. chance B. task C. challenge D. advice 34. A. possible B. practical C. important D. simple 35. A. secretly B. sensitively C. gratefully D. temporarily 三、阅读理解：本大题共20小题，共50分。 Almost every day, we learn of disasters of one form or another through the media. These include not just major disasters that affect large areas for a long time. A severe storm, an electric power breakdown, or a house fire can bring a personal disaster to an individual. This brochure aims to help you develop your personal preparedness plan. I. Stockpiling food and drink ● Drinking is more important than eating. Keep about 14 liters of liquid per person in stock for each week. ● No experiments. Your supplies should mainly consist of food and drink that you normally have. ● Ensure that your supplies can be stored for long periods of time without refrigeration and that most of them can be eaten cold. II. Emergency pack ● The aim of a disaster supplies kit should be to help you to cope with the possibility of having to exist for a few days outside of your house. Don’t take more for each family member than could be conveniently contained within the confines of a rucksack (帆布背包). A rucksack is more practical than a suitcase, as it allows you to have both hands free. ● The emergency rucksack should contain these items: — First aid materials, personal medication — Sleeping bag or blanket — Hygiene products for a couple of days III. Electric power breakdown ● Keep a supply of torches and candles, as well as spare batteries, matches or lighters in the house. Remember that batteries do not last indefinitely. Regularly use the batteries up and replace them. ● You can prepare smaller meals on a camping stove, one that can be operated through the use of charcoal (木炭) or gas. IV. Keep up-to-date in an emergency Floods or heavy snowfalls may lead to parts of the population getting cut off from the outside world. Information and warnings are important for survival. Those who are trapped can often only be reached by radio, television or the Internet. However, television and the Internet only work when there is electric power, which could fail. This leaves just the radio as the main warning device. V. About us The Federal Office of Civil Protection and disaster Assistance (BBK) was established in 2004 as a central organizational unit for civil security in Germany. The BBK is your reliable partner for emergency preparedness and self-help. You can find further information on our website. 36. The brochure is provided in order to _________. A. inform people about recent disasters B. provide tips on how to survive in a disaster C. encourage people to stockpile food and drink on a regular basis D. promote the Federal Office of Civil Protection and disaster Assistance 37. Which of the following descriptions about the rucksack is incorrect? A. It can conveniently hold the supplies each family member needs for a few days outside. B. It is less practical than a suitcase in emergency situations. C. It has an advantage that allows people to keep both hands free. D. It is used to hold emergency items like first aid materials and sleeping bags. 38. What does the underlined word “indefinitely” probably mean? A. permanently. B. briefly. C. carefully. D. suddenly. 39. What is the recommended device to receive warnings during a disaster? A. A laptop. B. A television. C. A mobile phone. D. A battery-powered radio. 40. The Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance is _________. A. a charity that collects donations for disaster victims B. a non-profit organization that provides disaster relief globally C. an international organization that coordinates disaster response efforts D. a government agency that prepares people for emergencies in Germany When my daughter Abigail got her learner’s permit a few months ago, I was appreciative of those drivers who saw a nervous teenager behind the wheel and treated her with patience as we drove around our neighborhood and the country roads close by. Her first travels around our part of the Southern End were rather slow (cars piled up behind us). So thank you, nice people. But I want to single out other drivers for my appreciation. I will call you “friends”. But no kidding, I sincerely want to thank you “friends”, because you have taught my daughter not to take anything for granted on the roads. You deserve the credit for making her a defensive driver. I warned her about “friends” like you, but your actions speak much louder than my words. She’s watched you go through red lights and stop signs, turn without signaling, fail to yield at the crossroads, or hesitate at a stop sign and then pull out into her path at the last millisecond. I especially appreciated the “friend” who pulled up beside us the other night at a stop sign on a two-way road and took off quickly as Abigail just started to make her move. “What was that!” Abigail shouted. “That’s a ‘friend’!” I yelled. And then there are those of you who find a slow-moving vehicle (farm machinery down our way) in your lane and swing out into the opposite lane to pass, oblivious of vehicles coming in the opposite direction. My daughter has learned that a tractor coming her way means there might be an impatient “friend” hiding, ready to cross into her lane. That’s an invaluable lesson. Thanks. And thank you to all the walkers, adults and children, who appear from between cars. “Be ready to stop” is a lesson that you have taught my daughter well. At the same time, I have taught her the rules for yielding to walkers. Teaching a teen to be a defensive driver isn’t easy. I want you to know that I couldn’t have done it without you, my “friends”. 41. The people mentioned in the first two paragraphs were . A. tolerant B. strict C. cautious D. slow 42. According to the passage, the author’s daughter . A. has made a lot of friends after she got her learner’s permit. B. often turns without signaling and hesitates at a stop sign. C. has learned to be careful of drivers who break the rules. D. has become an experienced driver in a few months. 43. What is the author’s attitude towards the drivers whom he calls “friends”? A. Grateful B. Indifferent C. Sympathetic D. Annoyed 44. The underlined word “yield” in Paragraph 6 means . A. make way for you B. give up hope C. shout at you D. produce crops 45. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To express his thanks to his friends. B. To warn people to obey traffic rules. C. To advise teens to be careful when driving. D. To explain to teens how to be a good driver. I ask every student I interview for admission to my institution, Pitzer College, the same question, “What do you look forward to the most in college?” I was surprised and delighted recently when a student called David replied. “I look forward to the possibility of failure.” Of course, this is not how most students respond to the question when siting before the person who can make decisions about their academic future. “You see, my parents have never let me fail,” he said. “When I want to take a chance at something, they remind me it’s not a safe route to take. Taking a more challenging course or trying an activity I may not succeed in, they tell me, will ruin my chances at college admission.” I wish I could tell you this is an uncommon story. Students are usually in shock when I tell them I never expect perfection. But these days finding imperfections in a college application is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Students only tell us things they believe we will find impressive. And this is supported by a secondary school culture where teachers are under pressure to give students nothing less than an A, and counselors are told not to report disciplinary infractions to colleges. Admission officers are digging deeper to find out who students really are outside of their medals or test scores. We get most excited when we read an application that seems real. It’s so rare to hear stories of defeat and win that when we do, we cheer. If their perspectives are of lessons learned or challenges overcome, these applicants tend to jump to the top of the heap at highly selective colleges. We believe an error in high school should not define the rest of your life, but how you respond could shape you forever. During my weekend of interviews, another student Jefferson told me, “I’m ashamed to admit I failed calculus, but I decided to take it again and got a B-plus. I will still take calculus, even though I don’t like it.” I asked him what he had learned from the experience. “I learned to let go of shame,” he said. “I realized that I can’t let a grade define my success. I also learned that if you want anything bad enough, you can achieve it.” I smiled as I wrote his words down on the application-review form. Apparently, he has the coping skills he needs to adjust to college life. Failure is about growth, learning, overcoming and moving on. Let’s allow young people to fail. Not only will they learn something, it might even get them into college! 46. What can we learn from David’s reply? A. He wanted to show he had never failed before. B. He wanted to prove he was an independent thinker. C. He wanted to set himself apart from other applicants. D. He wanted to try something new, even though he might fail. 47. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 imply? A. Students lie about what they have achieved. B. Students list everything in their applications. C. Students just show their best in their applications. D. Students show good writing skills in their applications. 48. Which of the following applications do admission officers like best? A. The one that shows a balance between life and study. B. The one that proves a student focuses on test scores less. C. The one that proves a student understands what college life is. D. The one that shows a student has struggled and overcome a barrier. 49. How did the author feel about Jefferson’s interview? A. He didn’t care that Jefferson failed calculus. B. He appreciated Jefferson’s attitude to failure. C. He found Jefferson’s self-awareness impressive. D. He appreciated that Jefferson was open about college life. 50. What does the author most likely want to tell us? A. Teachers should be responsible for helping students succeed. B. Students would benefit from the positive attitude to failure. C. Parents should try to keep their kids from suffering failure. D. Experiences of enough failure could shape students’ future. How far is your phone right now? When did you last check it? For most people, smartphones are almost always within reach. A new study reveals how cutting back on phone use affects brain activity. The research included 25 young adults aged 18 to 30. They were asked to limit smartphone use as much as possible for 72 hours, only using phones for essential communication and work tasks. Researchers from Germany’s Heidelberg University and the University of Cologne used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and psychological tests. These were conducted both before and after the 72-hour “phone diet” to see how it influenced participants’ neural patterns and activity. As the researchers noted in their published paper, they adopted a longitudinal (纵向的) approach to study the effects of smartphone restriction on users and found links between changes in brain activation over time and neurotransmitter systems related to addiction. After the 72-hour period, participants underwent MRI scans while viewing different image prompts (提示). These included pictures of turned-on and turned-off smartphones, as well as neutral images like boats and flowers. When shown phone-related images, changes were detected in brain areas linked to reward processing and desires. These changes were similar to brain signals seen in substance addictions, suggesting smartphones can be as addictive as nicotine or alcohol. Moreover, the brain changes were associated with the dopamine and serotonin systems—two neurotransmitters involved in brain functions like compulsory behavior and mood control. This further supports the idea of phone addiction. However, psychological tests showed no significant changes in participants’ mood or feelings of desire, despite limited phone access. Some volunteers reported better moods, but this was not statistically significant in the test data. The study did not explore why smartphone use causes these brain changes, though multiple factors are likely involved. For instance, not all phone activities may be equally addictive. The researchers also pointed out that their data could not tell the difference between longing for smartphone use and longing for social interaction—two closely connected processes today. While their findings are relatively solid, they suggested future studies should focus on this distinction. 51. What was the requirement for the 25 young adults in the study? A. They had to stop using smartphones completely for 72 hours. B. They had to take physical and psychological tests once a day during the study. C. They needed to record their phone usage time and purposes every hour during the research. D. They could only use smartphones for fundamental communication and task-related work. 52. Which brain areas showed changes when participants viewed phone-related images after the 72-hour period? A. Areas linked to memory and language learning. B. Areas related to reward processing and desires. C. Areas responsible for sleep and body clock regulation. D. Areas connected to decision-making and problem-solving. 53. What can we infer about dopamine and serotonin from the passage? A. They are only found in people with smartphone addiction. B. Their systems are unrelated to compulsory behaviors. C. They may play a role in the potential addiction to smartphones. D. Their levels decrease significantly when people use phones less. 54. Why did the researchers suggest future studies focus on “longing for smartphone use” and “longing for social interaction”? A. Because their study failed to tell the difference between the two. B. Because the two processes are completely separate and easy to study. C. Because social interaction is more addictive than smartphone use. D. Because previous studies have never explored these two processes. 55. What is the main idea of the passage? A. To explain how the first iPhone changed people’s daily lives. B. To introduce a study on how reducing smartphone use affects brain activity. C. To compare smartphone addiction with nicotine and alcohol addiction. D. To discuss the ways to help people with excessive smartphone use. 【1】There’s something magical about the way imagination works. Around the world, kids are using imagination in ways that were once only found in science fiction. 【2】Take the story of Mark Lee. He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead of simply complaining, he decided to do something about it. 【3】Using an old 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. He melted (熔化) plastic bottles down and tried shaping them into small bricks. At first, everything went wrong — the plastic broke, the printer jammed, and the pieces didn’t fit together. Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just forsake. 【4】But Mark had a different idea. He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle (拼图) pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully. After months of trial and error, he succeeded. With a little help from his school and the local community centre, Mark used his bricks to build a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood. 【5】And he’s not alone. Thirteen-year-old Sally Carter loved reading fantasy books. Inspired by magical maps in her stories, she wondered: what if we could build a real-world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award. 【6】Next time you see a young person lost in thought, don’t rush to pull them back. They might just be imagining the next great idea. 56. What upset Mark when he was biking around his neighbourhood? (no more than 10 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. (no more than 25 words) > With encouragement from his friends and parents, Mark built a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood after months of trial and error. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean? (no more than 3 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. How does the app created by Sally and her friends help? (no more than 20 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. How can you put your imagination into practice as Mark and Sally did? (In about 20 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。 61. 假定你是李华，你所在的兴趣小组对中学生使用“搜题软件”的情况进行了调查研究。请为校英文报写一篇文章，内容包括： 1．简要描述调查结果； 2．分析不同使用目的； 3．你对“搜题软件”的看法及理由。 注意： 1．写作词数应为100个以上； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 中学生搜题软件使用情况调查 Students’ Use of Homework-Help Apps _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025～2026学年第一学期天津中学 高三年级第二次质量检测英语试卷 听力部分 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the woman buy for her husband? A. A phone. B. A watch. C. A camera. 2. What does the woman tell the man to do? A. Wait a short time. B. Come back at four. C. Change the appointment. 3. What does the woman say about the report? A. She hasn’t finished it yet. B. She will type it next week. C. She spent a week typing it. 4. What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Policeman and driver. B. Boss and employee. C. Officer and soldier. 5. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At a bus stop. B. In a shop. C. In a car, 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. What is the man’s father? A. A lawyer. B. A doctor. C. A dentist. 7. What did the man major in at college? A. Engineering. B. Mathematics. C. Computer technology. 8. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a classroom. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. When was the man`s flight scheduled to take off? A. At 7:00 am. B. At 9:00 am. C. At 11:30 pm. 10. What did the man do after he missed the bus? A. He got to the airport by taxi. B. He stayed in a café for the night. C. He went back to the city by subway. 11. What do we know about the man? A. He missed his flight. B. He changed his flight. C. He was too early for his flight. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. When was the Union founded? A. In 1906. B. In 1916. C. In 1960. 13. What does the Union organize at special times? A. Short trips. B. Food parties. C. Summer camps. 14. How can a student join the Union? A. By sending an email. B. By making a phone call. C. By signing up in the office. 15. What do we know about the weekend events? A. Some have a number limit. B. Some require a high fee. C. Some are long trips. 笔试部分 一、单选题：本大题共15小题，共15分。 1. Hate and anger are felt only for those ________ we care deeply. A. for which B. with which C. for whom D. with whom 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：憎恨和愤怒只会发生在我们深切关心的人身上。care for“关心”。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作for的宾语，应用介词for+whom引导。故选C。 2. The company hired a new CEO ______ innovative ideas have led to significant growth. A. that B. whose C. which D. who 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：公司聘请了一位新CEO，其创新理念带来了显著的增长。分析句子结构，空格后为定语从句修饰先行词CEO，先行词在从句中作定语，修饰ideas，表示“……的”，应用关系代词whose引导。故选B。 3. With life ________ ups and downs, it is not always easy to maintain a good and enthusiastic attitude. A. being made up B. making up of C. being consisted of D. consisting of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：生活充满起起落落，要始终保持积极热情的态度并非易事。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，作状语；consist of表示“由……组成”，无被动语态，宾语life与consist of之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式consisting of作宾语补足语；“由……组成”也可表达为be made up of，作宾语补足语，用过去分词made up of。故选D项。 4. This accident is a good example of how a company a public scandal can be turned into an opportunity to win customers’ trust. A. to involve B. involving C. involved in D. being involved in 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：这次事故是一个很好的例子，说明了一家卷入公共丑闻的公司如何能将（丑闻）转化为赢得客户信任的机会。此空考查非谓语，be involved in“卷入”是固定短语，此处省略be，用过去分词作后置定语。故选C项。 5. It is the first time that more than one ancient painting ______ to the public outside the museum. A. are displayed B. has been displayed C. have been displayed D. is displayed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这是首次在博物馆外向公众展出多幅古画。句中使用固定句型“It is the first time that...”，that引导的从句需用现在完成时；主语“more than one ancient painting”与“display”是被动关系，所以此处为现在完成时的被动语态，more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以谓语动词为has been displayed。故选B项。 6. Seeing John rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him_______. A. what is happened B. what happening C. what will happen D. what had happened 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句的时态。句意：看到约翰眼里含着泪冲进房间，我问他发生了什么事。空格处为宾语从句，作asked的宾语，主句的谓语动词asked是一般过去时，宾语从句的动作“发生”是在“询问”之前已经完成的动作，需用过去完成时，谓语动词为“had+过去分词”，来体现动作的先后关系，因此“what had happened”符合语境和时态要求。故选D项。 7. The archaeologists ______ in the ruins for months believe the artifacts they discovered last month ______ to the lost dynasty. A. worked; belong B. working; belong C. worked; belonged D. working; belonged 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词时态。句意：那些在遗址工作了数月的考古学家认为，他们上个月发现的文物属于那个失落的王朝。第一空是非谓语，作archaeologists的后置定语，work“工作”和archaeologists逻辑上是主动关系，因此用work的现在分词形式；第二空作宾语从句的谓语，they discovered last month是修饰the artifacts的定语从句，主句谓语动词believe为一般现在时，从句应保持时态一致，陈述现在仍然有效的事实。故选B。 8. Those who are full of _______ always come up with fresh ideas. A. introduction B. innovation C. interaction D. intention 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些充满创新的人总是能想出新鲜的想法。A. introduction介绍；B. innovation创新；C. interaction互动；D. intention意图。根据“come up with fresh ideas”可知，此处指“充满创新的人”，B选项符合句意。故选B。 9. *After seeing an electrical outlet sparking, Deysi tried to ________ devices from nearby outlets, but then saw that a fire had already begun and spread to the furniture close by. A. unplug B. undo C. uncover D. unwind 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：德伊西看到电源插座冒火花后，试图拔掉附近插座上的电器，但随即发现火势已经蔓延到了旁边的家具。A. unplug拔掉插头；B. undo解开，取消；C. uncover揭开覆盖物；D. unwind解开缠绕。根据“After seeing an electrical outlet sparking”可知，unplug“拔掉插头”符合题意，符合看到电源插座冒火花后的应急反应，表示“试图拔掉附近插座上的电器”。故选A。 10. This ________ weight loss was not just a number on the scale; it was a testament to his dedication and hard work. A. substantial B. prospective C. organic D. literal 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这显著的体重下降不仅仅是体重秤上的一个数字，更是他奉献精神和辛勤工作的证明。A. substantial显著的，大量的；B. prospective预期的；C. organic有机的；D. literal字面上的。根据句中“weight loss”及“not just a number on the scale; it was a testament to his dedication and hard work”可知，他的奉献和辛勤工作让他体重显著的下降。所以此处用substantial“显著的”，符合语境。故选A。 11. — Why haven’t they agree with each other after a difficult discussion? — Because ______ side has plenty of reasons to stick to its thought. A. both B. any C. either D. none 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：——经过一场艰难的讨论后，他们为什么还没有达成一致意见？——因为任何一方都有充足的理由坚持自己的想法。A. both两者都；B. any任何；C. either（两者中的）任何一个；D. none没有一个。从语境看，这里讨论的是双方，“either side”表示“（两者中的）任何一方”，符合“双方都有理由坚持想法，所以没达成一致”的语义，后接可数名词单数，用either修饰。故选C项。 12. It might be years ________ we made possible the creation of artificial intelligence systems capable of true human-like cognition. A. since B. before C. that D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时间状语从句。句意：我们可能需要多年时间才能开发出真正具备类人认知能力的人工智能系统。分析句子可知，It+be+时间+before...是固定句型，意为“……之后才”，before引导时间状语从句。故选B项。 13. When we talk about banning mobile phones in school, we should also look at the good side. In a word, we should not ________. A. kill two birds with one stone B. throw the baby out with the bathwater C. brave the elements D. have butterflies in our stomach 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查习语辨析。句意：当我们谈论禁止在学校使用手机时，我们也应该看到好的一面。总之，我们不能不分精华糟粕全盘否定。A. kill two birds with one stone一箭双雕；B. throw the baby out with the bathwater分精华糟粕全盘否定；C. brave the elements不畏严寒；D. have butterflies in our stomach心里感到紧张。根据该句“When we talk about banning mobile phones in school, we should also look at the good side.”可知，对于学生使用手机，不能全盘否定，因此空格处意为“不分精华糟粕全盘否定”。故选B项。 14. — May I use your laptop to send an urgent email? — ______. Go ahead, It’s on the desk. A. Don’t mention it B. By all means C. How come D. Never say never 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—— 我能用一下你的笔记本电脑发一封紧急邮件吗？—— 当然可以。用吧，它在桌子上。A. Don’t mention it 不客气（用于回应感谢）；B. By all means 当然可以（用于同意请求）；C. How come 怎么会（用于询问原因）；D. Never say never 别轻易说不可能（用于鼓励）。根据答语“Go ahead, It’s on the desk(用吧，它在桌子上)”可知，对方同意了请求，“By all means”符合语境，故选 B。 15. At first, we wouldn’t let Jenny go surfing, but eventually we _______ as she was quite confident about it. A. turned in B. turned down C. gave away D. gave in 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：起初我们不让珍妮去冲浪，但最终我们让步了，因为她对此很有信心。A. turned in上交；B. turned down拒绝；C. gave away赠送，泄露；D. gave in让步，屈服。根据“At first we wouldn’t let Jenny go surfing”以及“as she was quite confident about it”可知，一开始我们不同意珍妮去冲浪，但是后来因为她很有信心，我们最终改变了态度，选择了让步。因此，用动词短语give in来表示我们的行为是最合适的。故选D项。 二、完形填空：本大题共20小题，共30分。 I’ve had the good fortune of spending a lot of time working in London over the years. I’m a typical American, ____16____ to making eye contact and smiling when speaking to others. But until I spent time abroad, I was never quite ____17____ of what my facial expressions could convey. In the UK, I ____18____ not everyone made as much eye contact on the street as I did. And it was ____19____ to hold eye contact during a business meeting. My ____20____ smile could be considered as flirtatious (轻浮的). But my British colleagues ____21____: I was American. This forward attitude was not ____22____, but it was just my culture. ____23____, being expressively cheerful among those who keep ____24____ closer to their vest (背心 ) was accepted in the UK. ______25______, in other countries a cultural misunderstanding of smiling can have serious results. While it’s unlikely that a mistimed smile will ______26______ you a contract (合同),______27______ interactions can make it much more difficult to build effective business relationships. Different cultures ______28______ smiling in different ways. In Russia, people do not smile because it ______29______ that you are at best foolish or at worst, sneaky (卑劣的). Even in family photos, adults ______30______ with stony faces. In Japan, smiling is a way to ______31______ your feeling that you don’t want others to know. Australians have smiling cultures. While they might not have the same ______32______ for giant white smiles as Americans, they smile more than our peers in Russia, Japan, Switzerland, and the UK. If Americans have to work abroad, my ______33______ is to make sure you do some research. It is ______34______ to be yourself, but you should also learn about the culture you are going to visit. This will help you communicate ______35______ and effectively with your peers. 16. A. limited B. devoted C. addicted D. accustomed 17. A. ashamed B. aware C. fond D. proud 18. A. admitted B. imagined C. discovered D. declared 19. A. special B. rare C. funny D. necessary 20. A. sweet B. artificial C. strange D. purposeful 21. A. expected B. analyzed C. predicted D. understood 22. A. friendly B. reliable C. traditional D. aggressive 23. A. Regretfully B. Luckily C. Eventually D. Frequently 24. A. sympathy B. attention C. feelings D. promises 25. A. However B. Instead C. Thus D. Otherwise 26. A. cost B. win C. save D. afford 27. A. brief B. vague C. awkward D. illegal 28. A. greet B. fancy C. explain D. avoid 29. A. indicates B. happens C. matters D. proves 30. A. appear B. leave C. hesitate D. observe 31. A. stress B. hide C. share D. assess 32. A. desire B. gift C. reason D. reputation 33. A. chance B. task C. challenge D. advice 34. A. possible B. practical C. important D. simple 35. A. secretly B. sensitively C. gratefully D. temporarily 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过自身的经历与感受，介绍了微笑和眼神交流在不同国家和文化中的不同含义。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个典型的美国人，习惯在和别人说话时进行眼神交流和微笑。A. limited有限的；B. devoted奉献的；C. addicted上瘾的；D. accustomed习惯的。根据上文“I’m a typical American(我是一个典型的美国人)”以及美国人与人说话时喜欢进行眼神交流可知，此处表示“习惯进行眼神交流和微笑”。故选D项。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但直到我在国外度过一段时间，我才真正意识到我的面部表情能传达什么。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. aware意识到的；C. fond喜爱的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“In the UK, I ____3____ not everyone made as much eye contact on the street as I did.(在英国，我发现并不是每个人在街上都像我一样多地进行眼神交流)”可知，我在英国的生活让我意识到眼神交流会传达不同含义。故选B项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在英国，我发现并不是每个人在街上都像我一样多地进行眼神交流。A. admitted承认；B. imagined想象；C. discovered发现；D. declared宣布。根据上文“But until I spent time abroad, I was never quite ____2____ of what my facial expressions could convey.(但直到我在国外度过一段时间，我才真正意识到我的面部表情能传达什么)”可知，作者意识到面部表情在不同国家有不同含义，所以此处指作者在英国发现了眼神交流的不同。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在商务会议上很少有眼神交流。A. special特别的；B. rare少见的；C. funny有趣的；D. necessary必要的。根据上文“not everyone made as much eye contact (不是每个人都有那么多的眼神交流)”可知，此处表示“眼神交流很少”。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甜美的微笑被认为是轻浮的。A. sweet甜的；B. artificial人工的；C. strange陌生的；D. purposeful故意的。根据上文“I’m a typical American, ____1____ to making eye contact and smiling when speaking to others. (我是一个典型的美国人，习惯在和别人说话时进行眼神交流和微笑)”可知，作者作为美国人，对别人微笑是他们的习惯，这种微笑也是习惯性的发自内心的甜美微笑。故选A项。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我的英国同事明白：我是美国人。A. expected期待；B. analyzed分析；C. predicted预测；D. understood明白。根据上文“But my British colleagues(但我的英国同事)”可知，我的同事知道我是美国人，了解我好微笑的习惯，此处表示作为同事他们是明白我的。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种积极的态度并不是展示友好，但这就是我的文化。A. friendly友好的；B. reliable可靠的；C. traditional传统的；D. aggressive好斗的。根据下文“but it was just my culture(但这就是我的文化)”可知，微笑是作者国家的一种文化习惯，并不是用来展示友好。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在英国，那些对自己的感情比较保守的人表达快乐是被接受的。A. Regretfully遗憾地；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Eventually最后；D. Frequently频繁地。根据上文“smile could be considered as flirtatious(微笑被认为是轻浮的)”以及下文“was accepted in the UK(在英国是被接受的)”可知，此处表示“在英国表达出快乐能够被接受是一种幸运”。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在英国，那些对自己的感情比较保守的人表达快乐是被接受的。A. sympathy同情；B. attention注意；C. feelings感觉；D. promises承诺。根据下文“closer to their vest(做事小心谨慎)”可知，此处表示那些“隐藏自己感情的英国人”。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在其他国家，对微笑的文化误解可能会产生严重的后果。A. However然而；B. Instead代替；C. Thus因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“being expressively cheerful among those was accepted in the UK.(在英国，表现出快乐是被接受的)”及下文“in other countries a cultural misunderstanding of smiling can have serious results.(在其他国家，对微笑的文化误解可能会产生严重的后果)”可知，上下文是转折关系。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然一个不合时宜的微笑不太可能让你失去一份合同，但含糊不清的互动会让你更难建立有效的商业关系。A. cost使损失；B. win获胜；C. save节省；D. afford买得起。根据上文“a cultural misunderstanding of smiling can have serious results. (对微笑的文化误解可能会产生严重的后果)”可知，其严重后果有可能会使你损失一份合同。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然一个不合时宜的微笑不太可能让你失去一份合同，但含糊不清的互动会让你更难建立有效的商业关系。A. brief短暂的；B. vague模糊的；C. awkward令人尴尬的；D. illegal非法的。根据上文“a cultural misunderstanding of smiling can have serious results. (对微笑的文化误解可能会产生严重的后果)”可知，此处指误解微笑文化的具体表现，即会产生一些含糊不清的互动，则就导致了很难建立有效的商业关系这一严重后果。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不同的文化用不同的方式解释微笑。A. greet问候；B. fancy想要；C. explain解释；D. avoid避免。根据下文“In Russia, people do not smile because(在俄罗斯，人们不微笑是因为)”和“In Japan, smiling is a way(在日本，微笑是一种方式)”可知，下文对各国文化中微笑的含义进行了解释。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在俄罗斯，人们不笑，因为这表明你最好的情况是愚蠢，最坏的情况是卑鄙。A. indicates表明；B. happens发生；C. matters要紧；D. proves证明。根据上文“people do not smile because it(人们不笑，因为这)”可知，此处在解释不笑地原因，表示“这表明”。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是在家庭照片中，成年人也会面无表情。A. appear呈现；B. leave离开；C. hesitate犹豫；D. observe注意到。根据上文“people do not smile(人们不笑)”以及下文“with stony faces(冰冷的面庞)”可知，此处表示面部没有呈现出表情，面无表情。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在日本，微笑是一种隐藏你不想让别人知道的感觉的方式。A. stress强调；B. hide隐藏；C. share分享；D. assess评价。根据下文“your feeling you don’t want others to know(你不想让别人知道的感觉)”可知，此处表示要隐藏自己的这种感觉。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们可能没有和美国人一样的原因，但他们比俄罗斯、日本、瑞士和英国的同龄人笑得更多。A. desire渴望；B. gift礼物；C. reason原因；D. reputation名誉。根据下文“as Americans(像美国人那样)”可知，此处表示“和美国人一样爱笑的原因”。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果美国人必须在国外工作，我的建议是一定要做一些调查。A. chance机会；B. task任务；C. challenge挑战；D. advice建议。根据下文“but you should also learn about the culture(但你也应该了解其文化)”可知，作者在此处提出自己的建议。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：做你自己很重要，但你也应该了解你要访问的文化。A. possible可能的；B. practical实践的；C. important重要的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“to be yourself, but you should also learn about the culture you are going to visit. (做你自己，但你也应该了解你要访问的文化)”以及转折词but可知，此处表示“作自己和了解将要访问的文化都是应该作的事情，是同等重要的”。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这将帮助你与同事敏感而有效地进行沟通。A. secretly秘密地；B. sensitively敏感地；C. gratefully感激地；D. temporarily暂时地。根据下文“and effectively with your peers(有效地与你的同事沟通)”可知，此处与“有效地”表并列，“有效且敏感地进行沟通”。故选B项。 三、阅读理解：本大题共20小题，共50分。 Almost every day, we learn of disasters of one form or another through the media. These include not just major disasters that affect large areas for a long time. A severe storm, an electric power breakdown, or a house fire can bring a personal disaster to an individual. This brochure aims to help you develop your personal preparedness plan. I. Stockpiling food and drink ● Drinking is more important than eating. Keep about 14 liters of liquid per person in stock for each week. ● No experiments. Your supplies should mainly consist of food and drink that you normally have. ● Ensure that your supplies can be stored for long periods of time without refrigeration and that most of them can be eaten cold. II. Emergency pack ● The aim of a disaster supplies kit should be to help you to cope with the possibility of having to exist for a few days outside of your house. Don’t take more for each family member than could be conveniently contained within the confines of a rucksack (帆布背包). A rucksack is more practical than a suitcase, as it allows you to have both hands free. ● The emergency rucksack should contain these items: — First aid materials, personal medication — Sleeping bag or blanket — Hygiene products for a couple of days III. Electric power breakdown ● Keep a supply of torches and candles, as well as spare batteries, matches or lighters in the house. Remember that batteries do not last indefinitely. Regularly use the batteries up and replace them. ● You can prepare smaller meals on a camping stove, one that can be operated through the use of charcoal (木炭) or gas. IV. Keep up-to-date in an emergency Floods or heavy snowfalls may lead to parts of the population getting cut off from the outside world. Information and warnings are important for survival. Those who are trapped can often only be reached by radio, television or the Internet. However, television and the Internet only work when there is electric power, which could fail. This leaves just the radio as the main warning device. V. About us The Federal Office of Civil Protection and disaster Assistance (BBK) was established in 2004 as a central organizational unit for civil security in Germany. The BBK is your reliable partner for emergency preparedness and self-help. You can find further information on our website. 36. The brochure is provided in order to _________. A. inform people about recent disasters B. provide tips on how to survive in a disaster C. encourage people to stockpile food and drink on a regular basis D. promote the Federal Office of Civil Protection and disaster Assistance 37. Which of the following descriptions about the rucksack is incorrect? A. It can conveniently hold the supplies each family member needs for a few days outside. B. It is less practical than a suitcase in emergency situations. C. It has an advantage that allows people to keep both hands free. D. It is used to hold emergency items like first aid materials and sleeping bags. 38. What does the underlined word “indefinitely” probably mean? A. permanently. B. briefly. C. carefully. D. suddenly. 39. What is the recommended device to receive warnings during a disaster? A. A laptop. B. A television. C. A mobile phone. D. A battery-powered radio. 40. The Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance is _________. A. a charity that collects donations for disaster victims B. a non-profit organization that provides disaster relief globally C. an international organization that coordinates disaster response efforts D. a government agency that prepares people for emergencies in Germany 【答案】36. B 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一份关于如何在灾难中做好个人准备的宣传手册，内容涵盖了储备食物和饮水、准备应急包、应对停电、紧急情况下的信息获取以及相关机构的介绍。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“These include not just major disasters that affect large areas for a long time. A severe storm, an electric power breakdown, or a house fire can bring a personal disaster to an individual. This brochure aims to help you develop your personal preparedness plan.(这不仅包括长期影响大面积地区的重大灾害。一场严重的风暴、电力故障或房屋火灾都可能给个人带来灾难。这本小册子旨在帮助你制定个人应急准备计划)”可知，这本小册子提供了一些在灾难中生存的建议。故选B项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据II. Emergency pack部分中“A rucksack is more practical than a suitcase, as it allows you to have both hands free.(帆布背包比手提箱更实用，因为它可以让你双手自由)”可知，在紧急情况下，帆布背包比手提箱更实用。故B项关于背包的描述“It is less practical than a suitcase in emergency situations.(在紧急情况下，它不如手提箱实用)”有误。故选B项。 【38题详解】 词句猜测题。根据III. Electric power breakdown部分中“Remember that batteries do not last indefinitely. Regularly use the batteries up and replace them.(记住电池不会indefinitely使用。定期用完电池并更换它们)”可知，电池需要定期更换，说明它们不能永远一直使用。由此可推测，划线单词indefinitely意为“永久地”，与A项“permanently”意思一致。故选A项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据IV. Keep up-to-date in an emergency部分中“However, television and the Internet only work when there is electric power, which could fail. This leaves just the radio as the main warning device.(然而，电视和互联网只有在有电的情况下才能工作，而电可能会中断。这就只剩下收音机作为主要的警告设备了)”可知，在灾难中，建议使用电池供电的收音机接收警告。故选D项。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据V. About us部分中“The Federal Office of Civil Protection and disaster Assistance (BBK) was established in 2004 as a central organizational unit for civil security in Germany. The BBK is your reliable partner for emergency preparedness and self-help.(联邦公民保护和灾害援助办公室(BBK)成立于2004年，是德国公民安全的核心组织单位。BBK是您应急准备和自助的可靠合作伙伴)”可知，联邦公民保护和灾害援助办公室是德国的一个政府机构，负责为人们应对紧急情况做好准备。故D项正确。故选D项。 When my daughter Abigail got her learner’s permit a few months ago, I was appreciative of those drivers who saw a nervous teenager behind the wheel and treated her with patience as we drove around our neighborhood and the country roads close by. Her first travels around our part of the Southern End were rather slow (cars piled up behind us). So thank you, nice people. But I want to single out other drivers for my appreciation. I will call you “friends”. But no kidding, I sincerely want to thank you “friends”, because you have taught my daughter not to take anything for granted on the roads. You deserve the credit for making her a defensive driver. I warned her about “friends” like you, but your actions speak much louder than my words. She’s watched you go through red lights and stop signs, turn without signaling, fail to yield at the crossroads, or hesitate at a stop sign and then pull out into her path at the last millisecond. I especially appreciated the “friend” who pulled up beside us the other night at a stop sign on a two-way road and took off quickly as Abigail just started to make her move. “What was that!” Abigail shouted. “That’s a ‘friend’!” I yelled. And then there are those of you who find a slow-moving vehicle (farm machinery down our way) in your lane and swing out into the opposite lane to pass, oblivious of vehicles coming in the opposite direction. My daughter has learned that a tractor coming her way means there might be an impatient “friend” hiding, ready to cross into her lane. That’s an invaluable lesson. Thanks. And thank you to all the walkers, adults and children, who appear from between cars. “Be ready to stop” is a lesson that you have taught my daughter well. At the same time, I have taught her the rules for yielding to walkers. Teaching a teen to be a defensive driver isn’t easy. I want you to know that I couldn’t have done it without you, my “friends”. 41. The people mentioned in the first two paragraphs were . A. tolerant B. strict C. cautious D. slow 42. According to the passage, the author’s daughter . A. has made a lot of friends after she got her learner’s permit. B. often turns without signaling and hesitates at a stop sign. C. has learned to be careful of drivers who break the rules. D. has become an experienced driver in a few months. 43. What is the author’s attitude towards the drivers whom he calls “friends”? A. Grateful B. Indifferent C. Sympathetic D. Annoyed 44. The underlined word “yield” in Paragraph 6 means . A. make way for you B. give up hope C. shout at you D. produce crops 45. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To express his thanks to his friends. B. To warn people to obey traffic rules. C. To advise teens to be careful when driving. D. To explain to teens how to be a good driver. 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者感激耐心对待女儿的司机们，也感谢违规司机让女儿学会防御性驾驶，以此告诫人们遵守交通规则。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When my daughter Abigail got her learner’s permit a few months ago, I was appreciative of those drivers who saw a nervous teenager behind the wheel and treated her with patience as we drove around our neighborhood and the country roads close by.(几个月前，我女儿阿比盖尔拿到了学习许可证，我很感激那些看到方向盘后面是一个紧张的青少年，并在我们在附近街区和周边乡村道路行驶时，耐心对待她的司机们。)”以及第二段“Her first travels around our part of the Southern End were rather slow (cars piled up behind us). So thank you, nice people.(她最初在我们南端这一带行驶得相当慢（车在我们后面排起了长队）。所以，谢谢你们，善良的人们。)”可知，这些司机对作者女儿开车慢很有耐心，很宽容。故选A项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“She’s watched you go through red lights and stop signs, turn without signaling, fail to yield at the crossroads, or hesitate at a stop sign and then pull out into her path at the last millisecond.(她看到你们闯红灯、无视停车标志、转弯不打转向灯、在十字路口不 yield，或者在停车标志前犹豫，然后在最后一刻驶入她的车道。)”以及第七段 “‘What was that!’ Abigail shouted.(‘那是怎么回事！’阿比盖尔喊道。)”和第八段“‘That’s a “friend”!’ I yelled.(‘那就是一个 “朋友”！’我喊道。)”等内容可知，作者女儿看到了这些违规司机的行为，并且对此有了警惕。故选C项。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But no kidding, I sincerely want to thank you ‘friends’, because you have taught my daughter not to take anything for granted on the roads. You deserve the credit for making her a defensive driver.(但不开玩笑，我真心感谢你们这些‘朋友’，因为你们教会了我女儿在路上不要把任何事情都视为理所当然。你们让她成为一名防御性驾驶者，这值得称赞。)”以及最后一段“Teaching a teen to be a defensive driver isn’t easy. I want you to know that I couldn’t have done it without you, my ‘friends’.(教一个青少年成为一名防御性驾驶者并不容易。我想让你们知道，没有你们，我的‘朋友们’，我做不到这一点。)”可知，作者虽然称这些违规司机为“朋友”，但实际上是感谢他们让女儿学会防御性驾驶。故选A项。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段“She’s watched you go through red lights and stop signs, turn without signaling, fail to yield at the crossroads, or hesitate at a stop sign and then pull out into her path at the last millisecond.(她看到你们闯红灯、无视停车标志、转弯不打转向灯、在十字路口不____，或者在停车标志前犹豫，然后在最后一刻驶入她的车道。)”，并结合交通常识，这里说的是在十字路口不避让，所以猜测yield意思是“make way for you (为…… 让路)”。故选A项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章通过描述各种违规驾驶行为以及这些行为对作者女儿驾驶学习的影响，如“Teaching a teen to be a defensive driver isn’t easy. I want you to know that I couldn’t have done it without you, my ‘friends’.(教一个青少年成为一名防御性驾驶者并不容易。我想让你们知道，没有你们，我的‘朋友们’，我做不到这一点。)”，其目的是警告人们要遵守交通规则。故选B项。 I ask every student I interview for admission to my institution, Pitzer College, the same question, “What do you look forward to the most in college?” I was surprised and delighted recently when a student called David replied. “I look forward to the possibility of failure.” Of course, this is not how most students respond to the question when siting before the person who can make decisions about their academic future. “You see, my parents have never let me fail,” he said. “When I want to take a chance at something, they remind me it’s not a safe route to take. Taking a more challenging course or trying an activity I may not succeed in, they tell me, will ruin my chances at college admission.” I wish I could tell you this is an uncommon story. Students are usually in shock when I tell them I never expect perfection. But these days finding imperfections in a college application is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Students only tell us things they believe we will find impressive. And this is supported by a secondary school culture where teachers are under pressure to give students nothing less than an A, and counselors are told not to report disciplinary infractions to colleges. Admission officers are digging deeper to find out who students really are outside of their medals or test scores. We get most excited when we read an application that seems real. It’s so rare to hear stories of defeat and win that when we do, we cheer. If their perspectives are of lessons learned or challenges overcome, these applicants tend to jump to the top of the heap at highly selective colleges. We believe an error in high school should not define the rest of your life, but how you respond could shape you forever. During my weekend of interviews, another student Jefferson told me, “I’m ashamed to admit I failed calculus, but I decided to take it again and got a B-plus. I will still take calculus, even though I don’t like it.” I asked him what he had learned from the experience. “I learned to let go of shame,” he said. “I realized that I can’t let a grade define my success. I also learned that if you want anything bad enough, you can achieve it.” I smiled as I wrote his words down on the application-review form. Apparently, he has the coping skills he needs to adjust to college life. Failure is about growth, learning, overcoming and moving on. Let’s allow young people to fail. Not only will they learn something, it might even get them into college! 46. What can we learn from David’s reply? A. He wanted to show he had never failed before. B. He wanted to prove he was an independent thinker. C. He wanted to set himself apart from other applicants. D. He wanted to try something new, even though he might fail. 47. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 imply? A. Students lie about what they have achieved. B. Students list everything in their applications. C. Students just show their best in their applications. D. Students show good writing skills in their applications. 48. Which of the following applications do admission officers like best? A. The one that shows a balance between life and study. B. The one that proves a student focuses on test scores less. C. The one that proves a student understands what college life is. D. The one that shows a student has struggled and overcome a barrier. 49. How did the author feel about Jefferson’s interview? A. He didn’t care that Jefferson failed calculus. B. He appreciated Jefferson’s attitude to failure. C. He found Jefferson’s self-awareness impressive. D. He appreciated that Jefferson was open about college life. 50. What does the author most likely want to tell us? A. Teachers should be responsible for helping students succeed. B. Students would benefit from the positive attitude to failure. C. Parents should try to keep their kids from suffering failure. D. Experiences of enough failure could shape students’ future. 【答案】46. D 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者是大学的面试官，但是从不会期待学生做得过于完美，因为作者认为有失败经历的申请才是真实的，学生也应该从失败中获益。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中““You see, my parents have never let me fail,” he said. “When I want to take a chance at something, they remind me it’s not a safe route to take. Taking a more challenging course or trying an activity 1 may not succeed in, they tell me, will ruin my chances at college admission.”(“你看，我的父母从来没有让我失败过，”他说，“当我想碰碰运气时，他们会提醒我，这不是一条安全的路。他们告诉我，上一门更有挑战性的课程或尝试一项活动可能不会成功，会毁了我被大学录取的机会。”)”可知，我们能从大卫的回答中了解到他想尝试一些新的东西，即使他可能会失败。故选D。 【47题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“I wish I could tell you this is an uncommon story. Students are usually in shock when I tell them I never expect perfection.（我希望我能告诉你这是个不寻常的故事。当我告诉学生我从不期望完美的时候，他们通常会很震惊。）”以及后文“Students only tell us things they believe we will find impressive.（学生们只告诉我们他们认为会让我们印象深刻的事情。）”可知，当作者告诉学生们自己从不期望完美时，他们通常会感到震惊，说明如今学生们习惯了只是在他们的申请中展示他们最好的一面，学生只会告诉我们他们认为会给人留下深刻印象的事情。可推知，画线句意思是“学生只是在他们的申请中展示他们最好的一面”。故选C。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“We get most excited when we read an application that seems real. It’s so rare to hear stories of defeat and win that when we do, we cheer. If their perspectives are of lessons learned or challenges overcome, these applicants tend to jump to the top of the heap at highly selective colleges.(当我们读到一个看起来真实的申请时，我们会感到非常兴奋。我们很少听到失败或成功的故事，当我们听到时，我们会欢呼。如果他们的观点是学到的教训或克服的挑战，这些申请者往往会在重点大学中名列前茅)”可知，D选项“显示学生努力克服障碍的视频”的申请招生官最喜欢。故选D。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I smiled as I wrote his words down on the application-review form. Apparently, he has the coping skills he needs to adjust to college life.(当我把他的话写在申请表上时，我笑了。显然，他有适应大学生活所需的应对技巧)”可推知，作者欣赏杰斐逊对失败的态度。故选B。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Failure is about growth, learning, overcoming and moving on. Let’s allow young people to fail. Not only will they learn something, it might even get them into college! (失败是成长、学习、克服和前进的过程。让我们允许年轻人失败。他们不仅会学到一些东西，甚至可能让他们进入大学！)”结合文章主要说明了作者是大学的面试官，但是从不会期待学生做得过于完美，因为作者认为有失败经历的申请才是真实的，学生也应该从失败中获益。可推知，作者最想告诉我们的是学生要从对失败的积极态度中受益。故选B。 How far is your phone right now? When did you last check it? For most people, smartphones are almost always within reach. A new study reveals how cutting back on phone use affects brain activity. The research included 25 young adults aged 18 to 30. They were asked to limit smartphone use as much as possible for 72 hours, only using phones for essential communication and work tasks. Researchers from Germany’s Heidelberg University and the University of Cologne used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and psychological tests. These were conducted both before and after the 72-hour “phone diet” to see how it influenced participants’ neural patterns and activity. As the researchers noted in their published paper, they adopted a longitudinal (纵向的) approach to study the effects of smartphone restriction on users and found links between changes in brain activation over time and neurotransmitter systems related to addiction. After the 72-hour period, participants underwent MRI scans while viewing different image prompts (提示). These included pictures of turned-on and turned-off smartphones, as well as neutral images like boats and flowers. When shown phone-related images, changes were detected in brain areas linked to reward processing and desires. These changes were similar to brain signals seen in substance addictions, suggesting smartphones can be as addictive as nicotine or alcohol. Moreover, the brain changes were associated with the dopamine and serotonin systems—two neurotransmitters involved in brain functions like compulsory behavior and mood control. This further supports the idea of phone addiction. However, psychological tests showed no significant changes in participants’ mood or feelings of desire, despite limited phone access. Some volunteers reported better moods, but this was not statistically significant in the test data. The study did not explore why smartphone use causes these brain changes, though multiple factors are likely involved. For instance, not all phone activities may be equally addictive. The researchers also pointed out that their data could not tell the difference between longing for smartphone use and longing for social interaction—two closely connected processes today. While their findings are relatively solid, they suggested future studies should focus on this distinction. 51. What was the requirement for the 25 young adults in the study? A. They had to stop using smartphones completely for 72 hours. B. They had to take physical and psychological tests once a day during the study. C. They needed to record their phone usage time and purposes every hour during the research. D. They could only use smartphones for fundamental communication and task-related work. 52. Which brain areas showed changes when participants viewed phone-related images after the 72-hour period? A. Areas linked to memory and language learning. B. Areas related to reward processing and desires. C. Areas responsible for sleep and body clock regulation. D. Areas connected to decision-making and problem-solving. 53. What can we infer about dopamine and serotonin from the passage? A. They are only found in people with smartphone addiction. B. Their systems are unrelated to compulsory behaviors. C. They may play a role in the potential addiction to smartphones. D. Their levels decrease significantly when people use phones less. 54. Why did the researchers suggest future studies focus on “longing for smartphone use” and “longing for social interaction”? A. Because their study failed to tell the difference between the two. B. Because the two processes are completely separate and easy to study. C. Because social interaction is more addictive than smartphone use. D. Because previous studies have never explored these two processes. 55. What is the main idea of the passage? A. To explain how the first iPhone changed people’s daily lives. B. To introduce a study on how reducing smartphone use affects brain activity. C. To compare smartphone addiction with nicotine and alcohol addiction. D. To discuss the ways to help people with excessive smartphone use. 【答案】51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项针对18-30岁年轻人的研究发现，72小时限制手机使用后，他们看到手机相关图像时，与奖励、欲望相关的脑区出现类似成瘾的变化，且与多巴胺等神经递质相关，但研究未明确部分关联机制。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“They were asked to limit smartphone use as much as possible for 72 hours, only using phones for essential communication and work tasks. (他们被要求在72小时内尽可能限制智能手机使用，仅将手机用于必要的沟通和工作任务。)”可知，25名年轻人的使用要求是仅用于基本沟通和工作相关任务。故选D项。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“When shown phone-related images, changes were detected in brain areas linked to reward processing and desires. (当看到与手机相关的图像时，研究人员检测到与奖励处理和欲望相关的大脑区域发生了变化。)”可知，变化出现在与奖励处理和欲望相关的脑区。故选B项。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Moreover, the brain changes were associated with the dopamine and serotonin systems—two neurotransmitters involved in brain functions like compulsory behavior and mood control. This further supports the idea of phone addiction. (此外，这些大脑变化与多巴胺和血清素系统有关 —— 这两种神经递质参与强迫性行为和情绪控制等大脑功能。这进一步支持了手机成瘾的观点。)”可知，多巴胺和血清素可能在手机成瘾中发挥作用。故选C项。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The researchers also pointed out that their data could not tell the difference between longing for smartphone use and longing for social interaction—two closely connected processes today. While their findings are relatively solid, they suggested future studies should focus on this distinction. (研究人员指出，其数据无法区分对智能手机使用的渴望与对社交互动的渴望 —— 这两个过程如今紧密相关。他们的研究结果虽较可靠，但建议未来研究应聚焦这一差异。)”可知，研究人员建议未来研究聚焦“对智能手机使用的渴望”与“对社交互动的渴望”，原因是现有研究无法区分两者。故选A项。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study reveals how cutting back on phone use affects brain activity. (一项新研究揭示了减少手机使用如何影响大脑活动。)”及全文围绕该研究的对象、过程、结果和展望展开，核心是介绍一项关于减少智能手机使用如何影响大脑活动的研究。故选B项。 【1】There’s something magical about the way imagination works. Around the world, kids are using imagination in ways that were once only found in science fiction. 【2】Take the story of Mark Lee. He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead of simply complaining, he decided to do something about it. 【3】Using an old 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. He melted (熔化) plastic bottles down and tried shaping them into small bricks. At first, everything went wrong — the plastic broke, the printer jammed, and the pieces didn’t fit together. Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just forsake. 【4】But Mark had a different idea. He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle (拼图) pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully. After months of trial and error, he succeeded. With a little help from his school and the local community centre, Mark used his bricks to build a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood. 【5】And he’s not alone. Thirteen-year-old Sally Carter loved reading fantasy books. Inspired by magical maps in her stories, she wondered: what if we could build a real-world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award. 【6】Next time you see a young person lost in thought, don’t rush to pull them back. They might just be imagining the next great idea. 56. What upset Mark when he was biking around his neighbourhood? (no more than 10 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. (no more than 25 words) > With encouragement from his friends and parents, Mark built a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood after months of trial and error. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean? (no more than 3 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. How does the app created by Sally and her friends help? (no more than 20 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. How can you put your imagination into practice as Mark and Sally did? (In about 20 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. Seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. 57. According to the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up; so this part With encouragement from his friends and parents is false. 58. Give up/Abandon. 59. It helps people explore hidden places like small local parks and gardens in their own cities. 60. (open) Spot a problem I care about and then experiment boldly or create./Spot a problem and then learn relevant skills if needed. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了马克和萨莉通过想象力解决实际问题并取得成功的故事。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。由第二段中“He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. (他喜欢在附近骑自行车，但看到公园和人行道上散落着许多塑料瓶，他感到很沮丧。)”可知，当马克在附近骑自行车时，看到许多塑料瓶散落在公园和人行道上让他感到沮丧。故答案为：Seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。由第三段中“Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just forsake. (朋友们笑了一下，甚至马克的父母也认为他应该放弃。)”可知，马克的朋友和父母并没有鼓励他，所以“With encouragement from his friends and parents”是错误的。故答案为：According to the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up; so this part With encouragement from his friends and parents is false. 【58题详解】 考查词句猜测。由第三段中“At first, everything went wrong — the plastic broke, the printer jammed, and the pieces didn’t fit together. Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just forsake. (一开始，一切都出错了——塑料坏了，打印机卡住了，零件无法组合在一起。朋友们笑了一下，甚至马克的父母也认为他应该forsake。)”可知，一开始马克的实验都失败了，所以他的父母认为他应该放弃，所以forsake意为“放弃”。故答案为：Give up/Abandon. 【59题详解】 考查细节理解。由第五段中“She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. (她召集了朋友，学习了一些基本的编程，然后一起创建了一个应用程序，可以绘制出鲜为人知的小型当地公园和花园的地图。)”可知，萨莉和她的朋友们创建的应用程序通过绘制鲜为人知的小型当地公园和花园的地图来提供帮助。故答案为：It helps people explore hidden places like small local parks and gardens in their own cities. 【60题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：你怎么能像马克和萨莉那样把你的想象力付诸实践呢？（约20字），答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：找出我关心的问题，然后大胆尝试或创造。或者：发现问题，然后根据需要学习相关技能。故答案为：Spot a problem I care about and then experiment boldly or create./Spot a problem and then learn relevant skills if needed. 五、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。 61. 假定你是李华，你所在的兴趣小组对中学生使用“搜题软件”的情况进行了调查研究。请为校英文报写一篇文章，内容包括： 1．简要描述调查结果； 2．分析不同使用目的； 3．你对“搜题软件”的看法及理由。 注意： 1．写作词数应为100个以上； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 中学生搜题软件使用情况调查 Students’ Use of Homework-Help Apps _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】作文 Students’ Use of Homework-Help Apps Our interest group surveyed middle school students on homework-help apps. According to the pie chart, their purposes differ: 45％ check answers, 35％ get homework assistance, and 20％ review for exams. The survey covered 200 students from three local middle schools, ensuring relatively representative results. Their motivations vary: some solve tough problems or verify answers to find mistakes quickly, while others consolidate knowledge for exams. These apps are double-edged. They offer quick answers to overcome obstacles but over-reliance harms independent thinking. Teachers and parents should also guide students to use such apps properly. Students should use them as supplements, not substitutes, to truly benefit and boost academic performance. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生根据“搜题软件”的使用情况为校英文报写一篇文章。 【详解】1.词汇积累 解决：solve→address 克服：overcome→surmount 引导：guide→instruct 确保：ensure→guarantee 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Their motivations vary: some solve tough problems or verify answers to find mistakes quickly, while others consolidate knowledge for exams. 拓展句：Their motivations vary in that some solve tough problems or verify answers to find mistakes quickly, while others consolidate knowledge so that they can perform well in exams. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The survey covered 200 students from three local middle schools, ensuring relatively representative results.（运用了现在分词ensuring作状语） 【高分句型2】Their motivations vary: some solve tough problems or verify answers to find mistakes quickly, while others consolidate knowledge for exams.（运用了并列连词while连接句子，表示两种情况的对比） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $