Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment（分层作业）英语译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1. 惊恐地__________________ 2. 跳下；俯冲__________________ 3. 苏醒过来，恢复意识__________________ 4. 把……描述为……__________________ 5. 畅所欲言__________________ 6. 令人震惊__________________ 7. 作为对……的回应__________________ 二、根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词 1. Now, with rising sea levels caused by human activities, some cities s________ faster. 2. The earth would be a f________ ball if it were not for the radiant heat of the sun. 3. The s________ to online shopping has had a big impact on traditional shopping malls. 4. When the eggs were h________， the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers—a sound that served as their regular “feed me！” call. 5. The excitement of d________ into the sea is hard to explain to someone who hasn't done it. 6. Ships with unfurled sails wait to take passengers ________ (上船). 7. Most stories are written to have characters, a setting and a ________ (情节), but what sets apart a truly great story from the one that might not finish reading is conflict. 8. The doctor will see you again next week. ________ (同时), you must rest as much as possible. 9. Since 1993 OPEC, the oil cartel dominated by Saudi Arabia, has kept its ________ (产量) constant at around 25m barrels a day. 10. When you can ________ (拖) him away from his work, he can also be a devoted father. 三、单句语法填空 1. Vitamin K is routinely given in the first week of life to prevent ________ (blood)． 2. There is strong evidence that both innovation and ________ (adopt) of cleaner technology are strongly encouraged by higher fossil fuel prices. 3. He was shortlisted for the Nobel Prize for ________ (literary) several times. 4. The air temperature was well below ________ (freeze), and lakes and rivers froze over. 5. A nearby volcano erupted ________ (violent), sending out a hail of molten rock and boiling mud. 6. The concept which originated in Europe ________ (adopt) by American city planners in the late 1950s. 7. He wanted to create a society of opportunity where benefits became available ________ the many. 8. Its once­great cities fell into ruin, ________ (leave) various mysteries for later people to solve. 9. Legend has it ________ monsters live the Kanas Lake's depth and they often drag drinking horses and camels into the water before swallowing them. 10. These teenage girls prefer to take pictures ________ stands a famous painting in a gallery. 四、根据要求翻译句子 1. Nowadays the priority for travelling ______________________ (从购物转向) food and scenery. 2. Twelve science laboratories ____________________________ (可用于不同的科学实验)． 3. His lack of management expertness then quickly ____________________________ (导致公司陷入混乱), with a sharp drop in sales and profits. 4. __________________________ (在他曾经想要放弃的地方), he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. (地点状语从句) 5. Someone claimed that introducing the wild crocodiles wouldn't be a threat to other species, but the decision __________________________ (遭到强烈反对) by many animal protection experts. 6. In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations ____________________________________ (能带来积极情绪). (bring about) 五、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Losing someone we love can be a very tough experience. But maybe one day, the pain of such a loss might be eased with AI technology. Recently, a man surnamed Wu and his wife, mourning the loss of their son, turned to AI to resurrect (使复活) his presence, reported Euronews. The couple’s only child passed away due to a critical disease at the age of 22. His tragic passing left Wu and his wife devastated (极为悲痛的). Inspired by advancements in deep learning technologies, Wu embarked on a journey to bring his late son “back to life”. He spared no expense in hiring AI firms to replicate (复制) his son’s appearance and voice, providing his photos and videos to them. Wu also established a database by himself that has information about his son. The aim is to use the information to create an avatar (虚拟化身) that will copy his son’s thinking and speech patterns. Yet it is still a work in progress. Wu’s effort reflects a shift in the way grief is navigated (正确应对) in the digital age. Drawing on AI-generated recordings and visuals, people like Wu find comfort in reconnecting with their departed loved ones. While the avatar may not be perfect, the emotional impact is undeniable. “I know how difficult it is for you. Every day, every moment, I wish I could be by your side, giving you warmth and strength,” said Wu’s late son in the AI-generated audio, which made his wife shed tears. Technology of this kind is called ghost bots in China, and its industry is booming. Firms providing ghost bots services have a wide range of customers, from parents mourning the loss of their children to people who have broken up with their partners. While these AI avatars may offer comfort, many worry that the technology is a double-edged sword. At first, it might be helpful to see your lost loved one just by clicking a button. In the long term, however, it could make things worse. “It might be addictive drugs, preventing desperate people from getting over their grief and moving on with their lives,” commented a netizen. 1．Why did Wu set up the database? A．To follow his son’s last wish. B．To share his son’s stories. C．To bring his son back virtually. D．To document his son’s life. 2．What does the creation of avatars of late loved ones suggest according to the text? A．A loose connection between life and death in a family. B．A new form of psychological treatment in modern life. C．A significant technological breakthrough in education. D．A change in how people manage grief in digital age. 3．What is the immediate benefit that AI avatars bring to people like Wu according to the passage? A．They help to preserve the memory of the lost loved one. B．They encourage people to move on from the past. C．They act as a replacement for real human interaction. D．They provide comfort by being connected again. 4．What is the author’s primary purpose in writing this article? A．To share a moving story about a father’s love for his son B．To objectively present a new technological phenomenon and its mixed effects. C．To argue forcefully against using Al to handle grief. D．To advertise the services of AI firms that create “ghost bots”. 六、七选五 （24-25高二下·云南楚雄·阶段练习）How to avoid fighting with your family on your summer vacation? If you have a trip coming up on this summer vacation and are concerned there’s going to be an intergenerational blow-up (发脾气), don’t worry. 1 Think about what gets you upset ahead of time. 2 For instance, when your cousin often does that thing where he goes on and on about how much money he makes. Research shows that when you have low expectations of another person’s behavior, you’re more likely to give them a pass when they act in an annoying or problematic way. 3 To avoid feeling stuck in a shitty situation, Lucas suggests coming prepared with an escape plan. “Figure out how you can exit the environment and get time with yourself” if you unexpectedly get triggered, he suggests. Go to work out in the fitness room for a half hour; camp out at a nearby coffee shop; take yourself on a solo walk. 4 If your relative isn’t buying your excuse, say you need to grab a new room key, use the bathroom, or want to check out the temperature of the ocean. Have an exit strategy. If so, you don’t collapse (like you have in the past) when you butt heads with a family member. Space can allow you to slow down and tend to your own emotions and needs. 5 So you can have more patience and tolerance for your relatives (and all the shitty things they do) when you rejoin them. A．Have an escape plan. B．Or pretend you need to take a nap. C．Family vacations are always full of unexpected surprises. D．Here are some strategies that can help you keep a cool head. E．You should communicate your feelings with your family members. F．Being aware of the potential conflicts that lie ahead can soften the blow. G．When you can physically remove yourself from a stressful situation, you can reset. 七、完形填空 （25-26高二上·黑龙江牡丹江·月考）When our school announced the annual sports meeting, I decided to 1 the 3,000-meter race to test my physical 2 and mental strength. I’ve never been good at long-distance running, but I wanted to challenge myself and understand what true 3 means. At the first training session, just one lap, my legs felt heavy and my breath became 4 . I almost quit, but my classmate Lily, who’s a regular runner, pulled me aside. She said gently, “You need to 5 your strength step by step and never 6 when it gets hard.” Her words inspired me. Every afternoon after class, I went to the track to practice with Lily. With her help, I learned to 7 my rhythm and push through the pain. Slowly, my 8 improved. On the day of the race, I felt both nervous and excited. For the first few laps, I kept up with the group, but halfway through, my legs began to ache again. Just as I was about to slow down, I heard my classmates 9 loudly for me. Their support gave me a sudden burst of energy. In the last lap, I reminded myself of all the hard 10 I’d put in over the past month. With every step, I felt closer to my 11 . Finally, I crossed the finish line. I didn’t get the first prize, but the crowd erupted in applause. Lily ran over to hug me, saying, “You did amazing! You stuck to it till the end — that’s real 12 ”. This experience made me realize that physical exercise isn’t just for keeping fit — it helps us 13 confidence and resilience. It reminds me that as long as we stay 14 to our goals and support each other, we can 15 any difficulty. 1．A．take part in B．stay away from C．look down on D．make fun of 2．A．weakness B．fitness C．illness D．sadness 3．A．sportsmanship B．friendship C．leadership D．membership 4．A．slow B．rapid C．smooth D．quiet 5．A．build up B．break down C．put down D．turn down 6．A．give up B．speed up C．wake up D．grow up 7．A．ignore B．adjust C．forget D．show 8．A．endurance B．speed C．skill D．luck 9．A．complaining B．whispering C．cheering D．arguing 10．A．effort B．time C．money D．space 11．A．fear B．goal C．doubt D．mistake 12．A．laziness B．determination C．shyness D．carelessness 13．A．build up B．take away C．give up D．put off 14．A．committed B．bored C．confused D．relaxed 15．A．create B．avoid C．overcome D．forget 八、语法填空 （2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）As temperatures rise across China, a new trend is taking hold. Outdoor sports, 1 draw citizens out of gyms and into the wilderness, test people’s physical limits and reconnect them with nature. One standout in this trend, the Spartan Race, has exploded in 2 (popular) in many Chinese cities. So far, the race, along with its 3 (mud) routes, high walls, and various obstacles, has gained significant attraction online as well. Last month, the Spartan China series 4 (land) in Changchun while on October 16-17, the Spartan Kids World Championship will be held 5 the second time at Yunding Snow Park in Hebei Province. Each event challenges participants to complete distances 6 (range) from 5 to 50 kilometers, with some 7 (intense) demanding obstacles depending on the race category. In practice, the race involves climbing, hanging, and carrying sandbags, 8 total return to nature from gyms. Liu Mingyi, chief expert at the China Youth Sports and Physical Education Center, said that the rise of outdoor running competitions is far from accidental. “In the past, people stayed indoors, lifting weights in gyms. Now, there’s a growing desire 9 (break) free from concrete buildings.” Liu commented. “These mud-stained events offer not just wildness, 10 a kind of close dialogue with nature.” 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1. 惊恐地__________________ 2. 跳下；俯冲__________________ 3. 苏醒过来，恢复意识__________________ 4. 把……描述为……__________________ 5. 畅所欲言__________________ 6. 令人震惊__________________ 7. 作为对……的回应__________________ 【答案】 1. in horror 2. rise into the sky 3. come to oneself 4. describe...as... 5. open up 6. come as a great shock 7. in response to 二、根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词 1. Now, with rising sea levels caused by human activities, some cities s________ faster. 2. The earth would be a f________ ball if it were not for the radiant heat of the sun. 3. The s________ to online shopping has had a big impact on traditional shopping malls. 4. When the eggs were h________， the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers—a sound that served as their regular “feed me！” call. 5. The excitement of d________ into the sea is hard to explain to someone who hasn't done it. 6. Ships with unfurled sails wait to take passengers ________ (上船). 7. Most stories are written to have characters, a setting and a ________ (情节), but what sets apart a truly great story from the one that might not finish reading is conflict. 8. The doctor will see you again next week. ________ (同时), you must rest as much as possible. 9. Since 1993 OPEC, the oil cartel dominated by Saudi Arabia, has kept its ________ (产量) constant at around 25m barrels a day. 10. When you can ________ (拖) him away from his work, he can also be a devoted father. 【答案】 1. sink　2. frozen　3. shift　4. hatched　5. diving　6. aboard　7. plot　8. Meanwhile　9. output　10. drag 三、单句语法填空 1. Vitamin K is routinely given in the first week of life to prevent ________ (blood)． 2. There is strong evidence that both innovation and ________ (adopt) of cleaner technology are strongly encouraged by higher fossil fuel prices. 3. He was shortlisted for the Nobel Prize for ________ (literary) several times. 4. The air temperature was well below ________ (freeze), and lakes and rivers froze over. 5. A nearby volcano erupted ________ (violent), sending out a hail of molten rock and boiling mud. 6. The concept which originated in Europe ________ (adopt) by American city planners in the late 1950s. 7. He wanted to create a society of opportunity where benefits became available ________ the many. 8. Its once­great cities fell into ruin, ________ (leave) various mysteries for later people to solve. 9. Legend has it ________ monsters live the Kanas Lake's depth and they often drag drinking horses and camels into the water before swallowing them. 10. These teenage girls prefer to take pictures ________ stands a famous painting in a gallery. 【答案】 1. bleeding　2. adoption　3. literature　4. freezing 5. violently　6. was adopted　7. to　8. leaving 9. that　10. where 四、根据要求翻译句子 1. Nowadays the priority for travelling ______________________ (从购物转向) food and scenery. 2. Twelve science laboratories ____________________________ (可用于不同的科学实验)． 3. His lack of management expertness then quickly ____________________________ (导致公司陷入混乱), with a sharp drop in sales and profits. 4. __________________________ (在他曾经想要放弃的地方), he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. (地点状语从句) 5. Someone claimed that introducing the wild crocodiles wouldn't be a threat to other species, but the decision __________________________ (遭到强烈反对) by many animal protection experts. 6. In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations ____________________________________ (能带来积极情绪). (bring about) 【答案】 1. has shifted from shopping to　 2. are available for different science experiments　 3. led the company to chaos　 4. Where he once felt like giving up　 5. has been violently opposed　 6. 6. which would bring about positive emotions 五、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Losing someone we love can be a very tough experience. But maybe one day, the pain of such a loss might be eased with AI technology. Recently, a man surnamed Wu and his wife, mourning the loss of their son, turned to AI to resurrect (使复活) his presence, reported Euronews. The couple’s only child passed away due to a critical disease at the age of 22. His tragic passing left Wu and his wife devastated (极为悲痛的). Inspired by advancements in deep learning technologies, Wu embarked on a journey to bring his late son “back to life”. He spared no expense in hiring AI firms to replicate (复制) his son’s appearance and voice, providing his photos and videos to them. Wu also established a database by himself that has information about his son. The aim is to use the information to create an avatar (虚拟化身) that will copy his son’s thinking and speech patterns. Yet it is still a work in progress. Wu’s effort reflects a shift in the way grief is navigated (正确应对) in the digital age. Drawing on AI-generated recordings and visuals, people like Wu find comfort in reconnecting with their departed loved ones. While the avatar may not be perfect, the emotional impact is undeniable. “I know how difficult it is for you. Every day, every moment, I wish I could be by your side, giving you warmth and strength,” said Wu’s late son in the AI-generated audio, which made his wife shed tears. Technology of this kind is called ghost bots in China, and its industry is booming. Firms providing ghost bots services have a wide range of customers, from parents mourning the loss of their children to people who have broken up with their partners. While these AI avatars may offer comfort, many worry that the technology is a double-edged sword. At first, it might be helpful to see your lost loved one just by clicking a button. In the long term, however, it could make things worse. “It might be addictive drugs, preventing desperate people from getting over their grief and moving on with their lives,” commented a netizen. 1．Why did Wu set up the database? A．To follow his son’s last wish. B．To share his son’s stories. C．To bring his son back virtually. D．To document his son’s life. 2．What does the creation of avatars of late loved ones suggest according to the text? A．A loose connection between life and death in a family. B．A new form of psychological treatment in modern life. C．A significant technological breakthrough in education. D．A change in how people manage grief in digital age. 3．What is the immediate benefit that AI avatars bring to people like Wu according to the passage? A．They help to preserve the memory of the lost loved one. B．They encourage people to move on from the past. C．They act as a replacement for real human interaction. D．They provide comfort by being connected again. 4．What is the author’s primary purpose in writing this article? A．To share a moving story about a father’s love for his son B．To objectively present a new technological phenomenon and its mixed effects. C．To argue forcefully against using Al to handle grief. D．To advertise the services of AI firms that create “ghost bots”. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了AI技术用于缓解丧亲之痛的现象及利弊。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“He spared no expense in hiring AI firms to replicate (复制) his son’s appearance and voice, providing his photos and videos to them. Wu also established a database by himself that has information about his son. The aim is to use the information to create an avatar (虚拟化身) that will copy his son’s thinking and speech patterns.(他不惜重金聘请人工智能公司复制儿子的外貌和声音，并向他们提供儿子的照片和视频。吴还自己建立了一个包含儿子信息的数据库。目的是利用这些信息创建一个虚拟化身，复制他儿子的思维和语言模式)”可知，吴建立数据库是为了创造一个虚拟的儿子的化身，即虚拟地“复活”他的儿子。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Wu’s effort reflects a shift in the way grief is navigated (正确应对) in the digital age.(吴的努力反映了数字时代人们应对悲伤的方式发生了转变)”可知，为已故亲人创建虚拟化身表明数字时代人们应对悲伤的方式发生了变化。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Drawing on AI-generated recordings and visuals, people like Wu find comfort in reconnecting with their departed loved ones.(借助人工智能生成的录音和视觉效果，像吴这样的人在与已故亲人重新建立联系时找到了安慰)”可知，人工智能虚拟化身给像吴这样的人带来的直接好处是通过重新建立联系来提供安慰。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段的“Recently, a man surnamed Wu and his wife, mourning the loss of their son, turned to AI to resurrect (使复活) his presence, reported Euronews.(据Euronews报道，最近，一位姓吴的男子和他的妻子在哀悼儿子的去世时，求助于AI让他复活)”以及结合全文可知，文章首先讲述了吴先生利用人工智能技术“复活”已故儿子的故事，然后介绍了这种技术在中国被称为“ghost bots”，并且这个行业正在蓬勃发展，接着提到了这种技术虽然能提供安慰，但也有人担心它可能带来的负面影响。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是客观地呈现一种新的技术现象及其混合效果。故选B。 六、七选五 （24-25高二下·云南楚雄·阶段练习）How to avoid fighting with your family on your summer vacation? If you have a trip coming up on this summer vacation and are concerned there’s going to be an intergenerational blow-up (发脾气), don’t worry. 1 Think about what gets you upset ahead of time. 2 For instance, when your cousin often does that thing where he goes on and on about how much money he makes. Research shows that when you have low expectations of another person’s behavior, you’re more likely to give them a pass when they act in an annoying or problematic way. 3 To avoid feeling stuck in a shitty situation, Lucas suggests coming prepared with an escape plan. “Figure out how you can exit the environment and get time with yourself” if you unexpectedly get triggered, he suggests. Go to work out in the fitness room for a half hour; camp out at a nearby coffee shop; take yourself on a solo walk. 4 If your relative isn’t buying your excuse, say you need to grab a new room key, use the bathroom, or want to check out the temperature of the ocean. Have an exit strategy. If so, you don’t collapse (like you have in the past) when you butt heads with a family member. Space can allow you to slow down and tend to your own emotions and needs. 5 So you can have more patience and tolerance for your relatives (and all the shitty things they do) when you rejoin them. A．Have an escape plan. B．Or pretend you need to take a nap. C．Family vacations are always full of unexpected surprises. D．Here are some strategies that can help you keep a cool head. E．You should communicate your feelings with your family members. F．Being aware of the potential conflicts that lie ahead can soften the blow. G．When you can physically remove yourself from a stressful situation, you can reset. 答案】1．D 2．F 3．A 4．B 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何在暑假避免与家人发生争吵的一些策略。 1．上文“If you have a trip coming up on this summer vacation and are concerned there’s going to be an intergenerational blow-up (发脾气), don’t worry.(如果你在这个暑假即将有一次旅行，并且担心会出现代际冲突，别担心。)”提出“代际冲突”的问题，D项“这里有一些策略可以帮助你保持冷静”和前文为顺接关系，并引出下文介绍避免代际冲突的策略，符合语境。故选D。 2．下文“For instance, when your cousin often does that thing where he goes on and on about how much money he makes. Research shows that when you have low expectations of another person’s behavior, you’re more likely to give them a pass when they act in an annoying or problematic way.(例如，当你的表弟经常喋喋不休地说他赚了多少钱。研究表明，当你对另一个人的行为期望较低时，当他们以令人讨厌或有问题的方式行事时，你更有可能放过他们。)”说明提前想到可能让自己生气的事可以降低冲突带来的影响，F项“意识到前方可能存在的冲突可以减轻冲击”可以引出下文。且F项中的“Being aware of the potential conflicts”和下文中的“when they act in an annoying or problematic way”相呼应，所以符合语境。故选F。 3．此处是本段小标题。下文“To avoid feeling stuck in a shitty situation, Lucas suggests coming prepared with an escape plan.(为了避免陷入糟糕的境地，卢卡斯建议准备一个逃生计划。)”说明为了避免陷入糟糕的境地，要准备一个逃生计划，A项“有一个逃生计划”能概括下文内容，适合作为小标题。故选A。 4．上文“Go to work out in the fitness room for a half hour; camp out at a nearby coffee shop; take yourself on a solo walk.(去健身房锻炼半小时；在附近的咖啡馆坐坐；独自散步。)”说明了一些可以独自做的事情来逃离糟糕的境地，B项“或者假装你需要小睡一会儿”和上文并列，都是一些逃离糟糕境地的建议，所以符合语境。故选B。 5．上文“Space can allow you to slow down and tend to your own emotions and needs.(空间可以让你慢下来，关注自己的情绪和需求。)”说明空间可以让你慢下来，关注自己的情绪和需求，G项“当你能够从压力环境中抽身时，你可以重新调整自己”是对上文的补充描述，符合语境。故选G。 七、完形填空 （25-26高二上·黑龙江牡丹江·月考）When our school announced the annual sports meeting, I decided to 1 the 3,000-meter race to test my physical 2 and mental strength. I’ve never been good at long-distance running, but I wanted to challenge myself and understand what true 3 means. At the first training session, just one lap, my legs felt heavy and my breath became 4 . I almost quit, but my classmate Lily, who’s a regular runner, pulled me aside. She said gently, “You need to 5 your strength step by step and never 6 when it gets hard.” Her words inspired me. Every afternoon after class, I went to the track to practice with Lily. With her help, I learned to 7 my rhythm and push through the pain. Slowly, my 8 improved. On the day of the race, I felt both nervous and excited. For the first few laps, I kept up with the group, but halfway through, my legs began to ache again. Just as I was about to slow down, I heard my classmates 9 loudly for me. Their support gave me a sudden burst of energy. In the last lap, I reminded myself of all the hard 10 I’d put in over the past month. With every step, I felt closer to my 11 . Finally, I crossed the finish line. I didn’t get the first prize, but the crowd erupted in applause. Lily ran over to hug me, saying, “You did amazing! You stuck to it till the end — that’s real 12 ”. This experience made me realize that physical exercise isn’t just for keeping fit — it helps us 13 confidence and resilience. It reminds me that as long as we stay 14 to our goals and support each other, we can 15 any difficulty. 1．A．take part in B．stay away from C．look down on D．make fun of 2．A．weakness B．fitness C．illness D．sadness 3．A．sportsmanship B．friendship C．leadership D．membership 4．A．slow B．rapid C．smooth D．quiet 5．A．build up B．break down C．put down D．turn down 6．A．give up B．speed up C．wake up D．grow up 7．A．ignore B．adjust C．forget D．show 8．A．endurance B．speed C．skill D．luck 9．A．complaining B．whispering C．cheering D．arguing 10．A．effort B．time C．money D．space 11．A．fear B．goal C．doubt D．mistake 12．A．laziness B．determination C．shyness D．carelessness 13．A．build up B．take away C．give up D．put off 14．A．committed B．bored C．confused D．relaxed 15．A．create B．avoid C．overcome D．forget 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者主动挑战自己不擅长的3000米长跑，在同学鼓励下坚持训练，最终完成比赛并领悟到坚持与互助意义的经历。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当学校公布年度运动会的举办消息时，我决定报名参加3000米长跑，以此检验自己的身体素质与意志力。A. take part in参加；B. stay away from远离；C. look down on轻视、看不起；D. make fun of取笑。上文提到学校公布了年度运动会，根据空后“the 3,000-meter race”可推测，作者是报名参加了3000米长跑。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当学校公布年度运动会的举办消息时，我决定报名参加3000米长跑，以此检验自己的身体素质与意志力。A. weakness弱点、软弱；B. fitness健康、身体素质；C. illness疾病；D. sadness悲伤。根据上文“I decided to   the 3,000-meter race”以及空后“mental strength”可推测，作者参加长跑是为了考验身体层面的能力。短语“physical fitness”意为“身体素质”，符合句意。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我向来不擅长长跑，但我想挑战自我，也想弄明白真正的体育精神究竟是什么。A. sportsmanship体育精神、运动员风范；B. friendship友谊；C. leadership领导力；D. membership成员资格、会员身份。根据常识可知，作者参加长跑是为了挑战自己，想理解的应该是体育运动相关的精神内涵。故选A。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次训练时，我只跑了一圈，双腿就变得沉重不堪，呼吸也急促起来。A. slow缓慢的；B. rapid迅速的、急促的；C. smooth平稳的、顺滑的；D. quiet安静的、微弱的。根据上文“At the first training session, just one lap, my legs felt heavy”可知，作者只跑了一圈，腿就感觉沉重。由此可推测，作者身体出现疲惫反应，呼吸会变得急促。故选B。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她温柔地对我说：“你要循序渐进地增强体力，遇到困难时千万不要轻言放弃。”A. build up逐步增强、建立；B. break down分解、出故障；C. put down放下、写下；D. turn down拒绝、调低。根据上文“I almost quit, but my classmate Lily, who’s a regular runner, pulled me aside.”可推测，Lily作为经常跑步的人，给作者的建议是合理的训练方法。短语“build up one’s strength”，意为“逐步增强体力”，符合长跑训练的逻辑。故选A。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她温柔地对我说：“你要循序渐进地增强体力，遇到困难时千万不要轻言放弃。”A. give up放弃；B. speed up加速；C. wake up醒来、叫醒；D. grow up长大、成长。根据上文“You need to   your strength step by step”可推测，空处与上文“逐步增强体力”的建议并列，是面对困难时的态度要求。短语“give up”，意为“放弃”，Lily是劝作者不要在困难时放弃。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的帮助下，我学会了调整跑步节奏，咬牙挺过身体的酸痛期。A. ignore忽视、忽略；B. adjust调整、调节；C. forget忘记；D. show展示、表明。根据空后“my rhythm”以及常识可知，长跑的关键技巧之一是调整节奏。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我的耐力有了明显提升。A. endurance耐力、忍耐力；B. speed速度；C. skill技巧、技能；D. luck运气。根据上文“With her help, I learned to   my rhythm and push through the pain.”可推测，作者坚持训练、调整节奏，提升的应该是长跑所需的耐力。故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在我准备放慢脚步时，我听到了同学们为我高声呐喊助威的声音。A. complaining抱怨；B. whispering低语、小声说；C. cheering欢呼、喝彩；D. arguing争论、争辩。根据下文“Their support gave me a sudden burst of energy.”可推断出，同学们是在为作者加油。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后一圈，我在心里不断回想过去一个月里付出的所有努力。A. effort努力；B. time时间；C. money金钱；D. space空间、太空。根据上文“Every afternoon after class, I went to the track to practice with Lily.”可知，空处指的是作者过去一个月为比赛付出的努力，符合坚持训练所付出的内容。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每向前迈出一步，我都感觉自己离目标更近了一点。A. fear恐惧、害怕；B. goal目标；C. doubt怀疑；D. mistake错误。根据上文“With every step,”以及常识可知，作者每一步都是在靠近自己的目标。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lily跑过来抱住我，说道：“你太棒了！你坚持到了最后——这才是真正的毅力。”A. laziness懒惰；B. determination决心、毅力；C. shyness害羞；D. carelessness粗心。根据上文“You stuck to it till the end”可知，坚持到最后体现的是意志力。故选B。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这次经历让我明白，体育锻炼不只是为了强身健体，它还能帮我们树立自信、磨炼韧性。A. build up逐步增强、建立；B. take away拿走、带走；C. give up放弃；D. put off推迟、延期。根据上文“This experience made me realize that physical exercise isn’t just for keeping fit”可知，这次经历让作者意识到体育锻炼不只是健身。由此可推测，锻炼还能培养自信和韧性。故选A。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它也让我懂得，只要我们坚守目标、彼此扶持，就一定能够克服任何困难。A. committed坚定的、尽心尽力的；B. bored厌烦的、无聊的；C. confused困惑的、混乱的；D. relaxed放松的。根据上文内容可知，作者面对自己不擅长的长跑，凭借着意志力，坚持下来，并最终跑完全程。由此可知，作者认为只要坚守目标，就能成功。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它也让我懂得，只要我们坚守目标、彼此扶持，就一定能够克服任何困难。A. create创造、创作；B. avoid避免、避开；C. overcome克服、战胜；D. forget忘记。根据空后“any difficulty”以及全文内容可知，作者认为坚守目标、互相支持，最终的结果就是战胜困难。故选C。 八、语法填空 （2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）As temperatures rise across China, a new trend is taking hold. Outdoor sports, 1 draw citizens out of gyms and into the wilderness, test people’s physical limits and reconnect them with nature. One standout in this trend, the Spartan Race, has exploded in 2 (popular) in many Chinese cities. So far, the race, along with its 3 (mud) routes, high walls, and various obstacles, has gained significant attraction online as well. Last month, the Spartan China series 4 (land) in Changchun while on October 16-17, the Spartan Kids World Championship will be held 5 the second time at Yunding Snow Park in Hebei Province. Each event challenges participants to complete distances 6 (range) from 5 to 50 kilometers, with some 7 (intense) demanding obstacles depending on the race category. In practice, the race involves climbing, hanging, and carrying sandbags, 8 total return to nature from gyms. Liu Mingyi, chief expert at the China Youth Sports and Physical Education Center, said that the rise of outdoor running competitions is far from accidental. “In the past, people stayed indoors, lifting weights in gyms. Now, there’s a growing desire 9 (break) free from concrete buildings.” Liu commented. “These mud-stained events offer not just wildness, 10 a kind of close dialogue with nature.” 【答案】 1．which 2．popularity 3．muddy 4．landed 5．for 6．ranging 7．intensely 8．a 9．to break 10．but 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了目前在中国流行的户外运动——斯巴达障碍赛，包括其形式和意义。 1．考查定语从句。句意：户外运动能将人们从健身房吸引到旷野之中，既挑战着人们的身体极限，也让人们重新与自然建立联结。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是outdoor sports，指物，代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 2．考查名词。句意：在这一趋势中脱颖而出的是斯巴达障碍赛，它在中国许多城市都很受欢迎。作介词in的宾语，表示“受欢迎”应用提示词的名词形式popularity，抽象概念，不可数。故填popularity。 3．考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，这项赛事，连同泥泞的路线、高墙和各种障碍，在网上也获得了极大的吸引力。修饰名词routes，表示“泥泞的”应用形容词muddy，作定语。故填muddy。 4．考查时态。句意：上个月，斯巴达中国系列赛登陆长春；而10月16日至17日，斯巴达儿童世锦赛将在河北省云顶雪场第二次举办。空处为第一个分句的谓语动词，结合时间状语 Last month可知，句子为一般过去时。故填landed。 5．考查介词。句意：上个月，斯巴达中国系列赛登陆长春；而10月16日至17日，斯巴达儿童世锦赛将在河北省云顶雪场第二次举办。结合句意，表达“第二次”用短语for the second time。故填for。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：每场赛事都要求参赛者完成5至50公里不等的赛程，且根据赛事类别不同，还会设置一些难度极高的障碍关卡。句中已有谓语动词challenges，空处为非谓语，range和逻辑主语distances之间为主动关系，应用现在分词ranging作后置定语。故填ranging。 7．考查副词。句意：每场赛事都要求参赛者完成5至50公里不等的赛程，且根据赛事类别不同，还会设置一些难度极高的障碍关卡。修饰形容词demanding，应用副词intensely“非常”。故填intensely。 8．考查冠词。句意：实际上，这项赛事包含攀爬、悬挂以及搬运沙袋等项目，是一场从健身房向自然的彻底回归。return“回归”是可数名词单数形式，此处为泛指，且修饰词total的发音是辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，人们越来越渴望从混凝土建筑中解脱出来。名词desire后常用不定式作后置定语，a desire to do sth.“做某事的渴望”。故填to break。 10．考查并列连词。句意：这些泥泞的活动不仅提供了野性，而且提供了一种与自然的亲密对话。not just...but (also)...“不仅……而且……”是固定搭配。故填but。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $