Unit 2 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment（分层作业）英语译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit 2 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1. 敢于做某事__________________ 2. 花费巨大__________________ 3. 浪费__________________ 4. 提升生活质量__________________ 5. 渴望做某事__________________ 6. 搞清……的意思__________________ 7. 激励某人做某事__________________ 8. 对……做出主要贡献__________________ 9. 被应用于__________________ 10. 远超出__________________ 11. 收到广泛媒体报道_________________ 12. 对知识的渴望__________________ 二、根据汉语提示写出单词 1. Your father will be pleasant to hear of this ____________ (非凡的) improvement in your work. 2. The ____________ (小溪) joins the river just below the distant mill. 3. His friends were ____________ (热情的) and encouraged him to publish his unusual ideas about the plan. 4. I think of how small I am and how remarkably ____________ (广阔) the sky is. 5．You are a talented pianist, a superb swimmer, and a ____________ (有才华的) artist. 6．My brother soon acquired a ____________ (名誉) as a first- class chef. 7．He was ____________ (技艺高的)combined with brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did. 8. It's difficult for us to make accurate ____________ (预测) about the vast effects on the environment. 9．He was a man of ____________ (非凡的) abilities who threw himself into the company's major projects. 10．She suffered from mild ____________ (抑郁) after losing her job and made her family worry her. 　 三、单句语法填空 1．Instead of ending up losing all his wealth, he was ____________ (remarkable) enhanced his confidence. 2．Knowing that what we have done is remarkably meaningful to others made me feel ____________ (enthusiastic) satisfied. 3．He has a reputation ____________ being a strict disciplinarian in the school. 4．She's been very ____________ (depress) and upset about this whole situation. 5．It upsets me ____________ (think) of her all alone in that big house. 6．Some students may abandon themselves to ____________ (play) computer games, which stimulates their bad habits. 7．She has the ____________ (determine) to defeat other teams but her teammates lack. 8．They ____________ a decline in the sales of the product and their ____________ came true finally. (predict) 9．“The results were very ____________. I was shocked and ____________ at that time, but at the same time it made me cherish my sporting life even more，” the famous sports star said. (depress) 10．I'm sorry to know that you feel upset ____________ having trouble in fitting in with your classmates in the new school. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. Many e­commerce platforms ______________________________ (在促进就业方面发挥至关重要的作用), offering services from stock support to interest­free loans. 2. ____________________ (据推算) the world's population will double by 2050. 3. The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for ____________________ (似乎有几个小时)． 4. It seems to me that we should teach children about the past because the advantages of teaching the subject __________________________ (远远超出了课堂内容本身). 5. We were caught in a thunderstorm, __________________ (没有躲避的地方). (shelter) 6. You are waiting at a wrong place. ________________________ (是在酒店) the coach picks up tourists. (强调句型)　　　　　　　　　　 五、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·福建福州·期中）The 60-foot-tall rocket took off in West Texas, sending a group of six people into space and giving them a few minutes of weightlessness before they landed by parachute (降落伞). Most of the passengers paid a secret sum of money for their seats. But Katya Echazarreta, an engineer and science communicator, was selected by a nonprofit organization to join in this travel from a pool of thousands of applicants. The organization’s goal is to send great leaders into space and allow them to experience the overview effect, which was reported by astronauts who said that viewing the Earth from space gave them a great change in their view. “Looking down, you see everyone is down there, all of our past, all of our difficulties, everything — everything is there,” Echazarreta said. “When I came back down, it just completely strengthened my wish to continue enabling people of different backgrounds to go into space and do whatever they want.” Echazarreta is the first Mexican-born woman to travel into space. She moved to the United States with her family at the age of seven. She recalled that she felt uncertain in a new place where she didn’t speak the language and that a teacher warned her that she might have to repeat a grade. “It just really fueled me and after that, I just studied harder,” Echazarreta said. Later she became the main breadwinner in her family. Sometimes she had up to four jobs at the same time, just to try to successfully graduate from college. She worked in NASA before and didn’t see other female engineers like her, which inspired her to popularize science among the public. These days, Echazarreta is studying for her master’s degree in engineering at Johns Hopkins University. She also has more than 330,000 fans on TikTok, and hosts a science-focused YouTube series. 1．Why was Echazarreta chosen to travel into space? A．She was considered to be an excellent person. B．She was an expert in landing by parachute. C．She supported the project with a big sum of money. D．She made great efforts to set up a nonprofit organization. 2．What was in Echazarreta’s mind after she returned from space travel? A．To share the beauty of space on social media. B．To encourage the public to learn science. C．To help more people travel into space. D．To make women scientists known to the public. 3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “fueled” in Paragraph 4? A．Beat. B．Attracted. C．Confused. D．Drove. 4．What kind of person is probably Echazarreta? A．Calm and confident. B．Inspiring and hardworking. C．Humorous and outgoing. D．Talented and creative. 六、七选五 （25-26高二上·重庆·期中）Preparing for Your Journey to Space: A Practical Guide With companies like SpaceX making space travel increasingly accessible, the dream of adventuring beyond Earth is closer than ever. However, becoming a space traveler requires more than just a ticket — it demands careful preparation in several key areas. Engage in Physical Training 1 . You will experience powerful gravity during launch and re-entry, and live in microgravity while in orbit. Therefore, prospective travelers must undergo a specialized fitness training to ensure their bodies can stand the physical demands of the voyage. This preparation is crucial for space sickness. Cultivate Mental Strength While physical health is vital, psychological preparedness is equally important. A space mission involves staying in a small spacecraft, isolation, and the need to remain calm under pressure. 2 . Thus, developing a determined and adaptable mindset is essential for dealing with the mental frontier of space travel. Master the Procedures and Systems Before your launch, you will receive comprehensive training on the spacecraft’s systems and flight procedures. 3 Knowing what to expect during each phase, from liftoff to orbit and re-entry, will ease anxiety and allow you to engage more fully with the journey. 4 Life in space requires relearning everyday activities in a weightless environment. 5 . You will use soapy towels to clean yourself, as water does not flow but floats. Practicing with similar items on Earth can help you adapt more quickly once you slip Earth’s gravity, making your daily routine in space more efficient. A．Adapt to Daily Life in Microgravity B．Improve Efficiency in Daily Routine C．These challenges test astronauts’ psychology vastly D．Space presents extreme challenges to the human body E．Space travel brings psychological and emotional challenges F．Eating, sleeping, and personal hygiene are conducted differently G．This includes learning the vehicle’s operations during emergency 七、完形填空 （2025高二·全国·专题练习）As a kid, I was uninterested in science and pretty much all other subjects as well. I earned 1 grades and barely graduated from high school. Only as a college student did I find the 2 to work hard to turn things around and earn a(n) 3 degree, which led to a career as a test pilot and astronaut. But the belief — science is beyond the grasp of all but the most genetically (遗传地) gifted among us — may be 4 thousands of students from choosing careers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. That’s too bad. Despite having a twin brother who made plenty of A’s, I spent most of my time in school looking out of the window and daydreaming. I couldn’t seem to 5 what the teachers were saying, and even though I wanted to do something great, I started to accept the fact that I would never be able to 6 what I hoped. That all 7 , quite by accident, when I picked up and read The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe’s classic account of the lives of Americans who first explored space. 8 at last, I decided to be a navy pilot landing planes on aircraft carriers — maybe 9 an astronaut. That 10 doing well in math and science classes. Therefore, from that day on, I made up my mind to do well in math and science. After so many years of daydreaming, it wouldn’t be 11 . But I started thinking about it like a sport. The more I practiced my study skills, the more I learned. Eventually, it became a 12 with myself to see how well I could do. No one was more 13 than me when a former bad 14 started getting straight A’s in engineering. I 15 that anyone who wanted to learn this stuff could learn well — they just had to be willing to do the work. 1．A．incorrect B．poor C．excellent D．average 2．A．courage B．opportunity C．motivation D．energy 3．A．physics B．business C．engineering D．economics 4．A．prohibiting B．preventing C．separating D．defending 5．A．act on B．rely on C．focus on D．pass on 6．A．achieve B．care C．handle D．convey 7．A．failed B．faded C．changed D．disappeared 8．A．Hurt B．Impressed C．Persuaded D．Inspired 9．A．still B．just C．also D．even 10．A．meant B．allowed C．stopped D．included 11．A．easy B．real C．hopeful D．practical 12．A．conflict B．competition C．judgment D．problem 13．A．determined B．puzzled C．embarrassed D．surprised 14．A．student B．pilot C．brother D．astronaut 15．A．imagined B．stressed C．discovered D．supposed 八、语法填空 （25-26高二上·四川凉山·阶段练习）China’s space exploration has been helping unlock a deeper understanding of the universe, from Mars 1 the infinite universe. Wang Yaping has become the first Chinese woman 2 (perform) a spacewalk. Wang’s dream of becoming 3 astronaut was inspired by Yang Liwei’s 2003 space flight. In 1997, Wang was encouraged to register for the pilot recruitment (征募) program by her classmates. Thanks to her 4 (strong) and ability to stay calm under pressure, Wang passed all the tests. Wang realized her space dream in 2013 as part of the Shenzhou-10 mission. During her mission, she 5 (teach) China’s first live physics lesson from space. In 2020, a team of Chinese university students 6 (major) in aerospace, art, architecture 7 music translated cosmic (宇宙的) rays into music, some of 8 said they had watched Wang’s live space lecture when they were teenagers. So far, China 9 (make) remarkable achievements in pursuit of the aerospace dream and will make steadier steps in 10 (it) future space exploration. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1. 敢于做某事__________________ 2. 花费巨大__________________ 3. 浪费__________________ 4. 提升生活质量__________________ 5. 渴望做某事__________________ 6. 搞清……的意思__________________ 7. 激励某人做某事__________________ 8. 对……做出主要贡献__________________ 9. 被应用于__________________ 10. 远超出__________________ 11. 收到广泛媒体报道_________________ 12. 对知识的渴望__________________ 【答案】 1. dare to do sth. 2. cost a huge amount of money 3. a waste of 4. enhance the quality of living 5.long to do sth. 6. make sense of 7. motivate sb to do sth. 8. make major contributions to 9. be applied to 10. go far beyond 11. receive widespread media coverage 12. thirst for knowledge 二、根据汉语提示写出单词 1. Your father will be pleasant to hear of this ____________ (非凡的) improvement in your work. 2. The ____________ (小溪) joins the river just below the distant mill. 3. His friends were ____________ (热情的) and encouraged him to publish his unusual ideas about the plan. 4. I think of how small I am and how remarkably ____________ (广阔) the sky is. 5．You are a talented pianist, a superb swimmer, and a ____________ (有才华的) artist. 6．My brother soon acquired a ____________ (名誉) as a first- class chef. 7．He was ____________ (技艺高的)combined with brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did. 8. It's difficult for us to make accurate ____________ (预测) about the vast effects on the environment. 9．He was a man of ____________ (非凡的) abilities who threw himself into the company's major projects. 10．She suffered from mild ____________ (抑郁) after losing her job and made her family worry her. 【答案】 1. remarkable　2. stream　3. enthusiastic　4.vast　5. gifted 6．reputation　7. brilliant　8. predictions　9. extraordinary 10．Depression 　 三、单句语法填空 1．Instead of ending up losing all his wealth, he was ____________ (remarkable) enhanced his confidence. 2．Knowing that what we have done is remarkably meaningful to others made me feel ____________ (enthusiastic) satisfied. 3．He has a reputation ____________ being a strict disciplinarian in the school. 4．She's been very ____________ (depress) and upset about this whole situation. 5．It upsets me ____________ (think) of her all alone in that big house. 6．Some students may abandon themselves to ____________ (play) computer games, which stimulates their bad habits. 7．She has the ____________ (determine) to defeat other teams but her teammates lack. 8．They ____________ a decline in the sales of the product and their ____________ came true finally. (predict) 9．“The results were very ____________. I was shocked and ____________ at that time, but at the same time it made me cherish my sporting life even more，” the famous sports star said. (depress) 10．I'm sorry to know that you feel upset ____________ having trouble in fitting in with your classmates in the new school. 【答案】 1. remarkably　 2.enthusiastically　 3.for　 4.depressed　5.to think　6.playing　 7. determination　8.predicted　prediction　9.depressing　depressed　10.about　 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. Many e­commerce platforms ______________________________ (在促进就业方面发挥至关重要的作用), offering services from stock support to interest­free loans. 2. ____________________ (据推算) the world's population will double by 2050. 3. The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for ____________________ (似乎有几个小时)． 4. It seems to me that we should teach children about the past because the advantages of teaching the subject __________________________ (远远超出了课堂内容本身). 5. We were caught in a thunderstorm, __________________ (没有躲避的地方). (shelter) 6. You are waiting at a wrong place. ________________________ (是在酒店) the coach picks up tourists. (强调句型)　　　　　　　　　　 【答案】 1. play a crucial role in promoting employment　 2. It has been calculated that　 3. what seemed like hours 4. go far beyond the content of the classes 5. without anywhere to shelter　 6. It is at the hotel that 五、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·福建福州·期中）The 60-foot-tall rocket took off in West Texas, sending a group of six people into space and giving them a few minutes of weightlessness before they landed by parachute (降落伞). Most of the passengers paid a secret sum of money for their seats. But Katya Echazarreta, an engineer and science communicator, was selected by a nonprofit organization to join in this travel from a pool of thousands of applicants. The organization’s goal is to send great leaders into space and allow them to experience the overview effect, which was reported by astronauts who said that viewing the Earth from space gave them a great change in their view. “Looking down, you see everyone is down there, all of our past, all of our difficulties, everything — everything is there,” Echazarreta said. “When I came back down, it just completely strengthened my wish to continue enabling people of different backgrounds to go into space and do whatever they want.” Echazarreta is the first Mexican-born woman to travel into space. She moved to the United States with her family at the age of seven. She recalled that she felt uncertain in a new place where she didn’t speak the language and that a teacher warned her that she might have to repeat a grade. “It just really fueled me and after that, I just studied harder,” Echazarreta said. Later she became the main breadwinner in her family. Sometimes she had up to four jobs at the same time, just to try to successfully graduate from college. She worked in NASA before and didn’t see other female engineers like her, which inspired her to popularize science among the public. These days, Echazarreta is studying for her master’s degree in engineering at Johns Hopkins University. She also has more than 330,000 fans on TikTok, and hosts a science-focused YouTube series. 1．Why was Echazarreta chosen to travel into space? A．She was considered to be an excellent person. B．She was an expert in landing by parachute. C．She supported the project with a big sum of money. D．She made great efforts to set up a nonprofit organization. 2．What was in Echazarreta’s mind after she returned from space travel? A．To share the beauty of space on social media. B．To encourage the public to learn science. C．To help more people travel into space. D．To make women scientists known to the public. 3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “fueled” in Paragraph 4? A．Beat. B．Attracted. C．Confused. D．Drove. 4．What kind of person is probably Echazarreta? A．Calm and confident. B．Inspiring and hardworking. C．Humorous and outgoing. D．Talented and creative. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了工程师和科学传播者Katya Echazarreta成为首位进入太空的墨西哥裔女性的经历和成就。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“But Katya Echazarreta, an engineer and science communicator, was selected by a nonprofit organization to join in this travel from a pool of thousands of applicants. The organization’s goal is to send great leaders into space and allow them to experience the overview effect, which was reported by astronauts who said that viewing the Earth from space gave them a great change in their view.(但工程师兼科学传播者Katya Echazarreta则是由一家非营利组织从数千名申请者中挑选出来参与此次旅行的。该组织的目标是将杰出的领导者送入太空，让他们体验总览效应。据宇航员们描述，从太空俯瞰地球会让他们的人生观发生巨大转变)”可知，Katya Echazarreta之所以被选中进入太空，是因为她被认为是一个优秀的人。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“When I came back down, it just completely strengthened my wish to continue enabling people of different backgrounds to go into space and do whatever they want.(当我返回地面时，这更加坚定了我继续帮助不同背景的人进入太空、实现他们心愿的决心)”可知，Echazarreta从太空旅行回来后，她想要帮助更多的人进入太空。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“She recalled that she felt uncertain in a new place where she didn’t speak the language and that a teacher warned her that she might have to repeat a grade.(她回忆道，在一个她不熟悉且不懂当地语言的地方，她感到很不安。一位老师还警告她，她可能会不得不重读一个年级)”以及“after that, I just studied harder(从那以后，我就更加努力地学习)”可知，Echazarreta在新地方感到不确定，老师还警告她可能会留级，这反而激发了她，让她更加努力地学习。故fueled意思是“激发，促使”。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段中“She moved to the United States with her family at the age of seven. She recalled that she felt uncertain in a new place where she didn’t speak the language and that a teacher warned her that she might have to repeat a grade. “It just really fueled me and after that, I just studied harder,” Echazarreta said. Later she became the main breadwinner in her family. Sometimes she had up to four jobs at the same time, just to try to successfully graduate from college.(七岁时，她随家人移居到了美国。她回忆道，在一个她不会说当地语言的新环境中，她感到很迷茫，而且一位老师还警告她，她可能不得不重读一个年级。“这真的给了我很大的动力，之后我就更加努力学习了。”Echazarreta说道。后来，她成为了家里的主要经济支柱。有时她同时会做多达四个工作，只为努力顺利从大学毕业)”和最后一段“She worked in NASA before and didn’t see other female engineers like her, which inspired her to popularize science among the public. These days, Echazarreta is studying for her master’s degree in engineering at Johns Hopkins University. She also has more than 330,000 fans on Tik Tok, and hosts a science-focused YouTube series.(她之前曾在美国国家航空航天局工作，未曾见过像她一样的其他女性工程师，这促使她致力于向公众普及科学知识。如今，Echazarreta正在约翰斯·霍普金斯大学攻读工程学硕士学位。她在 TikTok上拥有超过33万名粉丝，并主持着一个以科学为主题的YouTube系列节目)”可知，Echazarreta是一个鼓舞人心且勤奋的人。故选B。 六、七选五 （25-26高二上·重庆·期中）Preparing for Your Journey to Space: A Practical Guide With companies like SpaceX making space travel increasingly accessible, the dream of adventuring beyond Earth is closer than ever. However, becoming a space traveler requires more than just a ticket — it demands careful preparation in several key areas. Engage in Physical Training 1 . You will experience powerful gravity during launch and re-entry, and live in microgravity while in orbit. Therefore, prospective travelers must undergo a specialized fitness training to ensure their bodies can stand the physical demands of the voyage. This preparation is crucial for space sickness. Cultivate Mental Strength While physical health is vital, psychological preparedness is equally important. A space mission involves staying in a small spacecraft, isolation, and the need to remain calm under pressure. 2 . Thus, developing a determined and adaptable mindset is essential for dealing with the mental frontier of space travel. Master the Procedures and Systems Before your launch, you will receive comprehensive training on the spacecraft’s systems and flight procedures. 3 Knowing what to expect during each phase, from liftoff to orbit and re-entry, will ease anxiety and allow you to engage more fully with the journey. 4 Life in space requires relearning everyday activities in a weightless environment. 5 . You will use soapy towels to clean yourself, as water does not flow but floats. Practicing with similar items on Earth can help you adapt more quickly once you slip Earth’s gravity, making your daily routine in space more efficient. A．Adapt to Daily Life in Microgravity B．Improve Efficiency in Daily Routine C．These challenges test astronauts’ psychology vastly D．Space presents extreme challenges to the human body E．Space travel brings psychological and emotional challenges F．Eating, sleeping, and personal hygiene are conducted differently G．This includes learning the vehicle’s operations during emergency 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了太空旅行前需做好的四项准备：开展体能训练、培养心理韧性、掌握操作流程与系统知识、适应微重力环境下的日常生活。 1．本段主题是体能训练；而空后“You will experience powerful gravity during launch and re-entry, and live in microgravity while in orbit.(你将在发射和返回阶段经历强大的重力，在轨期间则处于微重力环境中。)”具体说明太空旅行中会面临的物理挑战——发射和返回时的强重力、在轨期间的微重力。选项D“Space presents extreme challenges to the human body (太空给人体带来极端挑战。)”直接契合本段核心，概括了后文提到的重力变化等物理压力，逻辑连贯。故选D。 2．上文“While physical health is vital, psychological preparedness is equally important. A space mission involves staying in a small spacecraft, isolation, and the need to remain calm under pressure.(虽然身体健康至关重要，但心理准备同样不可或缺。一次太空任务需要待在狭小的航天器内，面临与世隔绝的环境，还需要在压力下保持冷静。)”指出太空任务需待在狭小航天器、面临隔离和高压下保持冷静的需求。选项C“These challenges test astronauts’ psychology vastly (这些挑战极大地考验宇航员的心理。)”中的“这些挑战”直接指代前文的 “狭小空间、隔离、高压”，符合逻辑。故选C。 3．上文“Before your launch, you will receive comprehensive training on the spacecraft’s systems and flight procedures.(发射前，你将接受关于航天器系统和飞行程序的全面训练。)”提到发射前会接受航天器系统和飞行程序的全面训练。选项G“This includes learning the vehicle’s operations during emergency (这包括学习紧急情况下的航天器操作。)”延续上文内容，指出这些训练中包括学习紧急情况下的航天器操作。故选G。 4．空处为本段小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Life in space requires relearning everyday activities in a weightless environment.(太空生活需要在失重环境中重新学习日常活动。)”可知，本段主要围绕太空生活需在失重环境中重新学习日常活动展开。选项A“Adapt to Daily Life in Microgravity (适应微重力环境下的日常生活)”与本段内容相符，适合作为段落标题句。故选A。 5．上文“Life in space requires relearning everyday activities in a weightless environment.(太空生活需要在失重环境中重新学习日常活动。)”指出太空生活需在失重环境中重新学习日常活动。选项F“Eating, sleeping, and personal hygiene are conducted differently(饮食、睡眠和个人卫生的进行方式都不同。)”列举了三类核心日常活动，既具体阐释了前文的日常活动，又为后文的举例提供了铺垫，逻辑连贯且内容贴合。故选F。 七、完形填空 （2025高二·全国·专题练习）As a kid, I was uninterested in science and pretty much all other subjects as well. I earned 1 grades and barely graduated from high school. Only as a college student did I find the 2 to work hard to turn things around and earn a(n) 3 degree, which led to a career as a test pilot and astronaut. But the belief — science is beyond the grasp of all but the most genetically (遗传地) gifted among us — may be 4 thousands of students from choosing careers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. That’s too bad. Despite having a twin brother who made plenty of A’s, I spent most of my time in school looking out of the window and daydreaming. I couldn’t seem to 5 what the teachers were saying, and even though I wanted to do something great, I started to accept the fact that I would never be able to 6 what I hoped. That all 7 , quite by accident, when I picked up and read The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe’s classic account of the lives of Americans who first explored space. 8 at last, I decided to be a navy pilot landing planes on aircraft carriers — maybe 9 an astronaut. That 10 doing well in math and science classes. Therefore, from that day on, I made up my mind to do well in math and science. After so many years of daydreaming, it wouldn’t be 11 . But I started thinking about it like a sport. The more I practiced my study skills, the more I learned. Eventually, it became a 12 with myself to see how well I could do. No one was more 13 than me when a former bad 14 started getting straight A’s in engineering. I 15 that anyone who wanted to learn this stuff could learn well — they just had to be willing to do the work. 1．A．incorrect B．poor C．excellent D．average 2．A．courage B．opportunity C．motivation D．energy 3．A．physics B．business C．engineering D．economics 4．A．prohibiting B．preventing C．separating D．defending 5．A．act on B．rely on C．focus on D．pass on 6．A．achieve B．care C．handle D．convey 7．A．failed B．faded C．changed D．disappeared 8．A．Hurt B．Impressed C．Persuaded D．Inspired 9．A．still B．just C．also D．even 10．A．meant B．allowed C．stopped D．included 11．A．easy B．real C．hopeful D．practical 12．A．conflict B．competition C．judgment D．problem 13．A．determined B．puzzled C．embarrassed D．surprised 14．A．student B．pilot C．brother D．astronaut 15．A．imagined B．stressed C．discovered D．supposed 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．A 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从对科学不感兴趣到通过努力取得学位并成为宇航员的经历。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的成绩很差，勉强从高中毕业。A. incorrect错误的；B. poor差的；C. excellent优秀的；D. average平均的。根据上文“I was uninterested in science and pretty much all other subjects as well.”可知，作者对科学和其他科目都不感兴趣，所以成绩很差。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到上了大学，我才有了努力改变现状的动力，并获得了工程学学位，这让我成为了一名试飞员和宇航员。A. courage勇气；B. opportunity机会；C. motivation动力；D. energy精力。根据下文“to work hard to turn things around”可知，作者在大学时有了努力改变现状的动力。故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. physics物理；B. business商业；C. engineering工程学；D. economics经济学。根据下文“which led to a career as a test pilot and astronaut”可知，作者后来成为了试飞员和宇航员，这通常需要工程学学位。故选C。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，有一种观念——科学只有我们中最有天赋的人才能掌握——可能阻止了成千上万的学生选择科学、技术、工程和数学领域的职业。A. prohibiting禁止；B. preventing阻止；C. separating分离；D. defending防御。根据下文“thousands of students from choosing careers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics”可知，这种观念阻止了学生选择相关领域的职业。故选B。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我似乎无法集中注意力听老师讲课，尽管我想做一些伟大的事情，但我开始接受这样一个事实：我永远无法实现我的希望。A. act on对……起作用；B. rely on依靠；C. focus on集中注意力于；D. pass on传递。根据上文“I spent most of my time in school looking out of the window and daydreaming”和下文“what the teachers were saying”可知，作者无法集中注意力听老师讲课。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. achieve实现；B. care关心；C. handle处理；D. convey传达。根据下文“what I hoped”可知，作者认为自己永远无法实现自己的希望。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切都改变了，完全是偶然的，当我拿起并阅读了汤姆·沃尔夫的经典著作《太空英雄》，这本书讲述了第一批探索太空的美国人的生活。A. failed失败；B. faded褪色；C. changed改变；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“getting straight A’s in engineering”可知，作者最终取得好成绩，作者的生活因为阅读这本书而发生了改变。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后受到激励，我决定成为一名在航空母舰上降落飞机的海军飞行员——甚至可能成为一名宇航员。A. Hurt伤害；B. Impressed给……留下深刻印象；C. Persuaded说服；D. Inspired激励。根据下文“I decided to be a navy pilot landing planes on aircraft carriers”可知，作者受到了激励，决定成为一名海军飞行员。故选D。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. still仍然；B. just只是；C. also也；D. even甚至。根据下文“an astronaut”可知，作者甚至可能成为一名宇航员，表示递进关系，用even。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我必须在数学和科学课上取得好成绩。A. meant意味着；B. allowed允许；C. stopped停止；D. included包括。根据下文“doing well in math and science classes”可知，作者决定成为海军飞行员甚至宇航员，这意味着他必须在数学和科学课上取得好成绩。故选A。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在做了这么多年的白日梦之后，这并不容易。A. easy容易的；B. real真实的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. practical实际的。根据上文“After so many years of daydreaming”可知，作者之前一直在做白日梦，现在要努力学习并不容易。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，这变成了一场与自己的较量，看看我能做得有多好。A. conflict冲突；B. competition竞争，较量；C. judgment判断；D. problem问题。根据下文“with myself to see how well I could do”可知，作者把努力学习变成了一场与自己的较量。故选B。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当一个曾经的差生开始在工程学上取得全优成绩时，没有人比我更惊讶了。A. determined有决心的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据下文“when a former bad started getting straight A’s in engineering”可知，作者曾经是一个差生，现在开始在工程学上取得全优成绩，这让作者感到惊讶。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. student学生；B. pilot飞行员；C. brother兄弟；D. astronaut宇航员。根据上文“when a former bad”以及“I was uninterested in science and pretty much all other subjects as well”和“barely graduated from high school”可知，这里指的是作者自己，即曾经的差生。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现任何想学习这些东西的人都能学好——他们只是得愿意付出努力。A. imagined想象；B. stressed强调；C. discovered发现；D. supposed认为。根据下文“that anyone who wanted to learn this stuff could learn well”可知，这是作者通过自己的经历发现的。故选C。 八、语法填空 （25-26高二上·四川凉山·阶段练习）China’s space exploration has been helping unlock a deeper understanding of the universe, from Mars 1 the infinite universe. Wang Yaping has become the first Chinese woman 2 (perform) a spacewalk. Wang’s dream of becoming 3 astronaut was inspired by Yang Liwei’s 2003 space flight. In 1997, Wang was encouraged to register for the pilot recruitment (征募) program by her classmates. Thanks to her 4 (strong) and ability to stay calm under pressure, Wang passed all the tests. Wang realized her space dream in 2013 as part of the Shenzhou-10 mission. During her mission, she 5 (teach) China’s first live physics lesson from space. In 2020, a team of Chinese university students 6 (major) in aerospace, art, architecture 7 music translated cosmic (宇宙的) rays into music, some of 8 said they had watched Wang’s live space lecture when they were teenagers. So far, China 9 (make) remarkable achievements in pursuit of the aerospace dream and will make steadier steps in 10 (it) future space exploration. 【答案】 1． to 2．to perform 3．an 4．strength 5．taught 6．majoring 7．and 8．whom 9．has made 10．its 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以王亚平的宇航员成长历程为例，展现了中国航天事业的发展，包括太空教育、科研创新以及未来探索的雄心。 1．考查介词。句意：中国的太空探索一直在帮助人类更深入地理解宇宙，从火星到无尽的太空。根据空前的“from Mars”和空后的“the infinite universe”可知，短语from… to…“从……到……”符合题意。故填to。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：王亚平成为首位执行太空行走的中国女性。空处作修饰Chinese woman的后置定语，Chinese woman前面有序数词the first修饰，应用perform“执行”的不定式形式。故填to perform。 3．考查冠词。句意：王亚平成为一名宇航员的梦想受到杨利伟2003年太空飞行的启发。空处表示泛指，意为“一名宇航员”，应用不定冠词，且astronaut的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 4．考查名词。句意：凭借她的体力和在压力下保持冷静的能力，王亚平通过了所有测试。空处和ability并列，作Thanks to的宾语，名词strength符合题意，意为“体力，力量”，是不可数名词。故填strength。 5．考查动词时态。句意：在执行任务期间，她从太空讲授了中国第一堂物理直播课。空处作句子的谓语，结合上一句中的“in 2013”可知，本句仍在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填taught。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：2020年，一群主修航空航天、艺术、建筑和音乐的中国大学生将宇宙射线转化为音乐，其中一些人表示青少年时期曾观看过王亚平的太空授课。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作students的后置定语，major in“主修”和students逻辑上是主动关系，因此用major的现在分词形式。故填majoring。 7．考查连词。句意：2020年，一群主修航空航天、艺术、建筑和音乐的中国大学生将宇宙射线转化为音乐，其中一些人表示青少年时期曾观看过王亚平的太空授课。空处连接前后并列的多个学科，学科之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 8．考查定语从句。句意：2020年，一群主修航空航天、艺术、建筑和音乐的中国大学生将宇宙射线转化为音乐，其中一些人表示青少年时期曾观看过王亚平的太空授课。空处和空前的some of搭配，形成“代词+介词+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词students作补充说明，先行词指人，作介词of的宾语，因此应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 9．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：迄今为止，中国在追求航天梦想方面取得了显著成就，并将在未来的太空探索中迈出更稳健的步伐。空处作句子的谓语，结合“So far”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，且主语China是单个专有名词，助动词应用has。故填has made。 10．考查代词。句意：迄今为止，中国在追求航天梦想方面取得了显著成就，并将在未来的太空探索中迈出更稳健的步伐。空处修饰名词短语future space exploration，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $