Unit 5 What an adventure 一-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册期末词汇复习（外研版）

期末词汇复习 必修第三册·外研版·Unit5 Whatanadventure! 、 重点单词详解 1:initial 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.开始的，最初的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：iit-(=begn,开始) 动词：initiate'nI/iert/(vt.开始；发起；使入门) 名词：initiation/,uie虹nl(n.开始；启蒙；入会仪式) 副词：initially'rali/(adv.最初；开始) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(initial) initial stage初始阶段 initial reaction最初反应 initial impression第一印象 动词(initiate) initiate sth.发起某事（如initiate a project启动项目） initiate sb.into sth.使某人了解/加入某事（如initiate into a club介绍入会） 四、重点辨析 initial vs.original initial强调”时间顺序上的开始”（如initial plan初步计划)： original强调”来源上的原始、独创？（如original design原创设计）。 2:confirm 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v,证实，证明；确认 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：fim(adj.坚定的，牢固的) 前缀：con-（表”共同，加强”) 名词：confirmation/,konfa'me虹/(n.证实；确认书) 形容词：confirmed/ken'f3:md/(adj.确认的；根深蒂固的) 三、用法与常见搭配 confirm sth.证实/确认某事（如confirm the news证实消息） confirm+that从句（如confirm that the flight is on time确认航班准点） confirm sb.in sth.使某人坚信某事（如confirm him in his belief使他坚信自己的信念） 四、拓展 写作中可替换prove(prove侧重”通过证据证明”，confirm侧重”通过事实确认)。 3:unaware 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：awae(adj.意识到的) 否定前缀：n-(表”相反) 名词：awareness/A'weanas/(n.意识；认识) 动词：awaken /a'weikan/(v.唤醒；使意识到) 三、 用法与常见搭配 be uaware of sth.未意识到某事（如naware of the danger未意识到危险） be unaware that从句（如naware that she was being watched没意识到被监视） 反义词：awae(be aware of意识到) 四、重点辨析 unaware vs.ignorant unaware侧重因疏忽未察觉？（主观无意识）： ignorant侧重”因缺乏知识而不知”（客观无知，如ignorant of the law不懂法律）。 4:sheer 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.纯粹的，十足的；陡峭的 二、构词法（多词性） 词性转换： adv.sheerly/'iali/(adv.完全地；陡峭地) .sheer /fa()/(i.偏离方向；急转向) 三、用法与常见搭配 表”纯粹的”：sheer luck纯粹的运气；sheer nonsense一派胡言 表”陡峭的”：sheer cliff悬崖峭壁 副词搭配：sheer off避开（如sheer off the rocks避开礁石) 四、重点辨析 sheer vs.pure sheer强调”程度上的极端”（如sheer joy狂喜）： pre强调”不含杂质”（如pure water纯净水)。 5:attempt 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v.) 核心义：n.努力，尝试：v.尝试，试图 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词/动词同形：attempt 形容词：attempted/etemptrd/(adj.未遂的，企图的) 、 用法与常见搭配 名词：make an attempt to do sth.尝试做某事（如make an attempt to escape试图逃跑) 动词：attempt to do sth.(不可接doing,如attempt to solve the problem试图解决问题) 固定搭配：in an attempt to do sth.为了做某事（表目的，如in an attempt to save time为 了节省时间) 四、重点辨析 attempt vs.try attempt更正式，侧重”努力但可能失败”（如attempt a difi伍cult task尝试艰巨任务）； ty更口语化，侧重”付出努力”（如y your best尽力)。 6:failure 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.失败；故障 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：fail(v.失败；不及格) 名词：failure(由fail+-re构成) 形容词：failed/ferld(adi.失败的；已失效的) 三、用法与常见搭配 抽象”失败”（不可数）：experience failure经历失败 具体”失败的人/事”（可数）：a failure in life人生的失败者 常见搭配：failure to do sth.未能做某事（如failure to arrive on time未能准时到达） 反义词：success(n.成功) 7:psychologist 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.心理学家 二、构词法（学科相关） 词根：psych-(表”心理，精神) 学科名词：psychology /sar'kplad3i/(n.心理学) 形容词：psychological/,sarko'lDd3kl/(adj.心理的；心理学的) 副词：psychologically/,sarke'lpd3rkli/(adv.心理上) 三、用法与常见搭配 a clinical psychologist临床心理学家 psychological problems心理问题 psychologically healthy心理健康 8:thrill 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：n.惊险，刺激：v.使兴奋，使激动 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词/动词同形：hll 形容词：thrilling/ml/(adj.令人兴奋的)；thrilled/ld/(adj.感到兴奋的) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词：a thrill of excitement一阵兴奋：seek thrills寻求刺激 动词：hrill sb.使某人兴奋（如The news thrilled us.消息使我们兴奋） 形容词搭配：be thrilled at/about sth.因某事兴奋（如hrilled at the good news因好消息兴 奋) 四、拓展 写作中可用thrilling替换exciting(thrilling更强调”惊险刺激”)。 9:border 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：n.国界，边界；V与…接壤 构词法（多词性） 词性转换： 形容词：borderless/'ba:dals/(adj.无边界的) 名词短语：border control边境管制 三、用法与常见搭配 名词：cross the border跨越边境；border dispute边界争端 动词：border on sth.与某物接壤（如China borders on Russia.中国与俄罗斯接壤) 比喻义：border on madness近乎疯狂 四、重点辨析 border vs.boundary border侧重”国与国、地区与地区的边界； boundary侧重”抽象的界限”（如the boundary between right and wrong对错的界限)。 10:bring...into focus 一、 核心考点 词性：动词短语 核心义：使…成为焦点；使清晰 二、构词法（动词短语） 核心动词：bing(v.带来) 搭配名词：focus(n.焦点；v.集中) 词性转换：focus on集中于（如focus on study专注学习） 三、用法与常见搭配 主动：bring the problem into focus使问题成为焦点 被动：The issue was brought into focus..该问题被推上风口浪尖 拓展短语：in focus(清晰的)：out of focus(模糊的) 四、写作应用 用于议论文引出核心话题（如The debate brings environmental protection into focus.) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The project is still in its_stage,so we need more time to plan. A)initial B)original C)primary D)former 2.The manager called to that the meeting would be held on Friday. A)prove B)confirm C)announce D)inform 3.She was completely_of the fact that her phone had been stolen. A)ignorant B)unaware C)unconscious D)unconcerned 4.Winning the lottery was a matter of luck,not skill. A)pure B)clear C)sheer D)total 5.All to solve the problem have failed,so we need a new approach. A)attempts B)efforts C)trials D)experiments 6.His_to climb the mountain alone ended in failure due to bad weather. A)try B)attempt C)trial D)endeavour 7.A_can help people deal with psychological problems through professional methods. A)physicist B)psychologist C)physician D)philosopher 8.The children screamed withwhen they saw the roller coaster. A)thrill B)fear C)excitement D)joy 9.China_on 14 countries,including Russia and Vietnam. A)borders B)limits C)boundaries D)divides 10.The documentary aims topublic attention on the issue of ocean pollution. A)bring into focus B)focus on C)pay attention to D)draw attention to (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The(initiate)of the new policy has received widespread support. 2.After(confirm)the booking,we will send you an email immediately 3.Environmental(aware)has increased significantly among young people. 4.The mountain path was too_(sheer)for us to climb safely. 5.The police are investigating the(attempt)robbery that happened last night. 6.Her-(fail)to pass the exam made her parents very disappointed. 7.(psychology)health is just as important as physical health. 8.The_(thrill)experience of skydiving left him speechless for hours. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The i step in learning a language is to build a basic vocabulary. 2.Please c your flight reservation 24 hours before departure. 3.He walked into the room u of the eyes staring at him. 4.The team's success was due to sheer dand hard work 5.They made an a_to escape through the back door but were caught. 6.The company's f to adapt to new technology led to its decline. 7.A clinical pwas invited to give a lecture on mental health 8.The movie's ending gave the audience a t of surprise and satisfaction. 9.The river forms a natural bbetween the two countries 10.The photo is out of f;could you take it again? (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A BB CA BB A AA 2.补全句子答案： 1.initiation 2.confirming 3.awareness 4.sheer 5.attempted 6.failure 7.Psychological 8. thrilling 3.首字母填空答案： 1.initial 2.confirm 3.unaware 4.determination 5.attempt 6.failure 7.psychologist 8.thrill 9.border 10.focus 英语词汇复习手册·必修第三册·Unit5 What an adventure!一